Figure 43.1 An overview of the body's defenses

Figure 43.3x Macrophage

Phagocytes• Are large cells that attack antigens in your body

• They engulf antigens and destroy them

• Use lysosomes to destroy the antigens

Figure 43.5 A simplified view of the inflammatory response

Do I know you?• Your immunity cells, like the phagocyte, don’t

attack your own body cells

• This is because your body cells have markers on them

• Your immunity cells attack antigens because they don’t have the right markers on them.

Antigens

Figure 43.6 Clonal selection

Figure 43.16 Effector mechanisms of humoral immunity

Active Immunity

• Active immunity occurs when your OWN body makes memory cells.

• These cells stay in the body and attack the antigen if it enters the body again

• This prevents you from getting the same illness

• Ex. Chicken pox

• Active immunity can be obtained by vaccinations

Figure 43.x2 Vaccination

Passive Immunity

• Passive immunity is when you DON’T make your own memory cells

• An example of passive immunity is when you receive medicine like antibiotics

• You only have temporary immunity

• Once the medicine leaves your body you can get sick again

Question

During pregnancy, a mother’s immune system protects the growing baby by creating antibodies

and giving them to the baby.

Is this active or passive immunity?

Figure 43.6 Clonal selection

AIDS

• Caused by a virus called HIV

• HIV attacks and kills helper T cells

• Helper T cells cause the B cells to copy themselves to fight off antigens