field guide to phil. mangroves.pdf

8/18/2019 Field Guide to Phil. Mangroves.pdf

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J. H. Primavera, Ph. D.

Copyright © 2009 JH Primavera and RDB Dianala

Photos from:

Primavera JH, Sadaba RS, Lebata MJHL, Altamirano JP. 2004. Handbook of Mangroves in the Philippines - Panay. SEAFDEC/AQD and UNESCO, unless specified otherwise.

Mangrove species in this field guide are

sorted by genera. Closeup photographs

of distinctive features (leaves, flowers,fruits, bark, roots) are provided for visual

comparison to facilitate identification of

species.


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Awareness of mangrove importance, particularly forcoastal protection, has grown among the generalpublic over the past several years. In turn, thishas led to numerous planting initiatives by variousgroups. However, most of these programs did notyield positive results mainly due to lack of science-guided protocols, particularly on what species togrow under certain conditions.

This field guide is an attempt towards broaderawareness and appreciation of the commonmangroves found in the Philippines. It is basedon the original material, “Field Guide to PhilippineMangroves,” developed with support from the PewFellows Program in Marine Conservation and SEAFDEC

PREFACE

Aquaculture Department, and published bZoological Society of London-Philippines.

Seeing the vitality of this field guide, PhiTropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (partnered with ZSL-Philippines and FoundatiCommunication Initiatives (FOCI) in repackaginfield guide for distribution to groups and indiv

keen on mangrove rehabilitation. Togetherthe “Community-based Mangrove RehabilTraining Manual” and posters, this hopes to inprospects of success for mangrove rehabilefforts, particularly in areas hit by Super TyYolanda, the most destructive typhoon ever recin modern history.


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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Acan

A c a n t h u s

F A M I L Y A C A N T

H A C E A E

AcanthusLocal names: lagiwliw, ragoyroy

Acanthusvolubilis

Acanthusilicifolius

Acanthusebracteatus


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Acrostichum aureumLocal name: palaypay

A c r o s t i c h u

m

F A M I L Y P T E R I D A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Ac ro

Acrostichuspeciosu

Local name: pal

Tips of leaves blunt

Tips of leaves elongatedto pointed


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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Ae gi c

A e g i c e r a s

F A M I L Y M Y R S I N A C E A E

Aegiceras corniculatumLocal names: saging-saging, tinduk-tindukan Fruits curved

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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / A

A e

g i c e r a s

F A M I L Y M Y R S I N A C E A E

Fruits straight

Aegiceras floridumLocal names: saging-saging, tinduk-tindukan


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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avice

A v

i c e n n

i a

F A M I L Y A V I C E N N I A C E A E

Avicennia albaLocal names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi

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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / A

A v

i c e n n

i a

F A M I L Y A V I C E N N I A C E A E

Avicennia marinaLocal names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi


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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Avice

A v

i c e n n

i a

F A M I L Y A V I C E N

N I A C E A E

Avicennia officinalisLocal names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi

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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Av

A v

i c e n n

i a

F A M I L Y A V I C E N

N I A C E A E

Avicennia rumphianaLocal names: bungalon, apiapi, miapi

Hairy, brownish leafundersurface, hairy fruit


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B r o w n l o w

i a

F A M I L Y T I L I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Brownlo

Brownlowia tersaLocal name: maragomon

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B r

u g u i e

r a

F A M I L Y R H I Z O P H O R A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / B

Bruguiera cylindricaLocal names: pototan, busain


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B r u g u i e

r a


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Brugu

Bruguiera gymnorrhizaLocal names: pototan, busain

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B r u g u i e

r a


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / B

Bruguiera parvifloraLocal name: langarai


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B r

u g u i e

r a


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Brugu

Bruguiera sexangulaLocal name: pototan

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Camptostemon philippinensisLocal name: gapas-gapas C

a m

p t o s t e m o n

p h i l i p p i n e n s i s

F A M I L Y B O M B A C A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Camptostemon philip


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Ceriops decandraLocal name: baras-baras

C e r i o p s


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Cer

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C e r i o p s


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES /

Ceriops tagalLocal names: tungog, tangal


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E x c

o e c a r i a

a g a l l o c h a

F A M I L Y E U P H O R

B I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Excoecaria agallo

Excoecaria agallochaLocal names: lipata, buta-buta

Male flowers

Female flowers

Fruits

Leaves with milky sap

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Heritiera littoralisLocal name: dungon H

e r i t i e r a

l i t t o r a

l i s

F A M I L Y S T E R C U

L I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Heritiera l

Leaves with lightundersurface

Photo by: M. J. H. Lebata


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22 K

a n d e l i a c a n d e l


FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Kandelia ca

Kandelia candelFound only in Baler and Casiguran Bay, Aurora

Photo by: N. Duke

Photo by: W. G. Licuanan

Photo by:W. G. Licuana

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L u m

n i t z e

r a

F A M I L Y C O M B R

E T A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Lu

Lumnitzera littoreaLocal names: tabao, culasi


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L u m

n i t z e

r a

F A M I L Y C O M B R

E T A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Lumnit

Lumnitzera racemosaLocal names: tabao, culasi

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N

y p a f

r u t i c a

n s

F A M I L Y A R

E C A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Nypa f

Nypa fruticansLocal names: nipa, sasa


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O s b o r n i a

o c t o d o n t a

F A M I L Y M Y

R T A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Osbornia octod

Osbornia octodontaLocal names: tawalis, bunot-bunot

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P e m p h i s a c i d u l a

F A M I L Y L Y T

H R A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Pemphis

Pemphis acidulaLocal name: bantigi


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R h i z o p h o

r a

F A M I L Y R H I Z O P H

O R A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rhizop

Rhizophora apiculataLocal name: bakhaw lalaki

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R h i z o p h o

r a


O R A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rh

Rhizophora mucronataLocal name: bakhaw babae


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R h i z o p h o

r a


O R A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Rhizop

Rhizophora stylosaLocal name: bakhaw bato

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Scyphiphora hydrophyllaceaLocal name: nilad S c y

p h i p h o r a h y d r o p h y l l a c e a

F A M I L Y R U B I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Scyphiphora hydrop

/


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Sonneratia albaLocal name: pagatpat

S o n n e r a t i a

F A M I L Y S O N N E R

A T I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Sonner

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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / S


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Sonneratia caseolarisLocal name: pedada

S o n n e r a t i a


A T I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / So



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Sonneratia ovataLocal name: pedada

S o n n e r a

t i a


A T I A C E A E


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FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xy


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X y l o c a r p

u s

F A M I L Y M

E L I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xy

Xylocarpus granatumLocal name: tabigi

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xyloca


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X y l o c a r p

u s

F A M I L Y M

E L I A C E A E

FIELD GUIDE TO PHILIPPINE MANGROVES / Xyloca

Xylocarpus moluccensisLocal name: piag-ao

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PTFCF’s FOREST AND COMMUNITY REHABILITATION PROGRAM

On November 8, 2013, Super Typhoon Yolanda (International name: Haiyan) hit the Philippines. It was the strongest and most destructivetyphoon the country has experienced in recent history. It destroyed infrastructure, human habitations and livelihoods. To date,

government authorities continue to validate the total death toll.Super Typhoon Yolanda also left various ecosystems, such as mangrove and beach forests damaged.

In response to calls for support towards ecosystems rehabilitation, the Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PTFCF)implemented its Forest and Community Rehabilitation Program. This program aspires to support efforts in the Yolanda-affected provincesof Capiz, Iloilo, Leyte, Eastern Samar and Northern Palawan by providing grants and technical assistance to people’s organizations (POs)and non-government organizations (NGOs) for ecosystems assessment, capacity building, actual forest protection and rehabilitationactivities, and advocacy campaigns, among others.

It was observed from assessments and field visits after Yolanda that many organizations are taking part in mangrove rehabilitation. Theunfortunate truth however, is that some of these projects were against the natural growth and survival of mangroves. This prompted

the PTFCF to partner with Zoological Society of London (ZSL)-Philippines and Foundation for Communication Initiatives, Inc. (FOCI) toimplement a strategic communications project that aspires to disseminate the right information to the right people through properknowledge management. Part of the project is this updated and enhanced Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves by J.H. Primavera, PhD.

This field guide is based on the original material, “Field Guide to Philippine Mangroves,” developed with support from the Pew FellowsProgram in Marine Conservation and SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department, and published by the Zoological Society of London.

This field guide, together with Community-based Mangrove Rehabilitation Training Manual and posters will be distributed in Capiz,Iloilo, Eastern Samar, Northern Palawan, and other Yolanda-affected areas.


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The Philippine Tropical Forest Conservation Foundation, Inc. (PTFCF)was established under two bilateral agreements between thegovernments of the United States of America and the Republic of thePhilippines under the U.S. Tropical Forest Conservation Act (TFCA).PTFCF works towards biologically diverse Philippine forests thatare sustainably managed and equitably accessible to responsiblestakeholders by working with non-governmental organizationsand community groups in forest protection, natural resourcemanagement, capacity building, research, livelihood support, coastalforest resource management, as well as sustainable use of diverseanimals and plants.

From 2005 to 2014, PTFCF was able to support 383 projects, whicheffectively improved the management of approximately 1.5 millionhectares of forest lands, restored approximately 4,200 hectares offorests through the re-introduction of appropriate native tree species,established over 40 community conserved areas in key biodiversityareas and critical watersheds, instituted over 60 community-levelsustainable enterprises that provide additional income to communitymembers, and increased awareness of forest conservation issuesparticularly the ecosystem services provided by the forests.

2/F Valderrama Building, 107 Esteban Street, Legaspi V illage, Makati City 1223Phone: +63 2 891-0595; email: [email protected]; website: www.ptfcf.org

THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

The Zoological Society of London (ZSL), a charity founded in 18is a world-renowned centre of excellence for conservation scienand applied conservation. ZSL’s mission is to promote and achiethe worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. Thisrealized by carrying out field conservation and research in over countries across the globe and through education and awareneat our two zoos, ZSL London Zoo and ZSL Whipsnade Zoo, inspiripeople to take conservation action. We strive to achieve o

mission by:• Conducting world-leading conservation science

• Implementing effective field conservation projects globally

• Providing decision-makers with the best possible

conservation advice, and

• Building conservation capacity and inspiring people to

connect with the natural world.

The Country Manager, Zoological Society of London-Philippines48 Burgos St. La Paz, 5000 Iloilo City

Phone: +63 33 330-0929website: www.zsl.org

field guide to phil. mangroves.pdf

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