field data consists of observations collected at or near
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Field data consists of observations collected at or near the ground in support of remote sensing analysis.
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Field data must include the following:
• Attributes or measurements that describe ground conditions
• The location and area (size) • The time and date
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Data may be based on an established classification system such as these land-holding units in Brazil. The
numbers represent areas visited by field teams.
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A field sketch showing the documentation of data
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Filed notes documenting such items as acreage, land use, irrigation, fertilization and more
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A field radiometer permits and analyst to compare ground data with data gathered from an aerial sensor.
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Radiometers may be situated in truck-mounted booms to retrieve overhead views.
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Use of ground radiometers requires knowledge of sun-earth relationships in regard to reflection and scatter of
energy.
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Unmanned airborne vehicles are remotely piloted aircraft that can carry cameras or other sensors.
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Aerial videography is the use of video images to record aerial imagery using commercial video cameras This
can be done quickly and inexpensively with relative fine resolution.
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Global Positioning System (GPS) has enhanced the usefulness of remote sensing data when it is necessary
to integrate image data with field data.
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GPS receivers permit analysts to download information in the laboratory for use with geographic information
system (GIS) or image processing systems.
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Panoramic ground photograph using software to fuse together sequence of photographs to provide a 360°
view.
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Sampling is done when inventories of large areas are not feasible. Simple random sampling pattern is below. The coordinates for the circled dot are row 2, column 7.
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Stratified random sampling uses subdivisions which receive specific allocations of sampling points.
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Systematic sampling positions observations at equal intervals. This method sometimes causes sample
points to fall on geographically similar areas.
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Stratified systematic non-aligned sampling pattern combines both features of systematic and stratified
samples.
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Cluster sampling selects points within a study area, and then additional satellite observations are placed
nearby.