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VE&:PLfr gF THr STATN CIF MTCI{TGA}\f,

Flaintiff Cilse h$*,: 7I-SS,l55S-{}i-fC

HT}]T. BRI;CE il. MORRO1V

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7"NWJOTJS BOBBY h{gA DOWS"

Deienrksfit"

JOIE ?, W{IJTALA, P-49414rdsxistant Pro*ecutir:g Att*rTlsy1441 St. Antaine Streel., l,Ittu F'|r.{3 etr rsit. h,{ichigan 452?6t3t 3t 2?4-5777F,muil:

MHLVLN HOUST#N. P-3628$Atmrney f:or Defbndant1534# Asbury Parkaewait, Mtr, 4*221-1545{,,313 835-647t}tr;rnxLl

:

{}nSeptemb|*t 3fi^ 197t,Mr. Z.sri*us Eabby Me*rdorvs- i.vho wits 1? -ve*rs-*lii at th* tim*,

wa& frDnvicted bY ajury af ibiony-:nurder under thsn A,{.{,'.L.A" Setti*n 7-5{),5I6t . fin :\pri | 2&"

1tJ73' il'{r" fu{eadows'*srlvictit}* 1ryss dr\,'€rtut3:!*d by the Michigan flcun *f Appeals he*ar"ise the

presiilingtrialjudge pr€ve$ted his del*r:se *it*rzzev {r*rnquesticrning cne of the k,*y'prcls*cutir.rlr

I At the time. A,l,t:.L"A. Sertion 75{J.31rS rletured iir}rt-ciegree rx*rd*r ss irr*luding *nrr,- killing.v *rartresulted frarn ttrre peqpelrffi:i*rzr-r,r attrn: pted trteryetrafion of srl)i ars{?n. fape. rohhrcr-1, elr burgJory.

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I'v"itttegges, fo{f. Jrt{rey Llcignns$* ab*ut hix enutnct w"ith thr juvel.lile jusrics syst*m. f$ee pettpli:

t'. fv'lanr*t11,5,4$ Misll" App, y4l, I0S N.W .Zd Sg3 tIgT :ji.

A sec'crul jury trial tlegan in this mafirr belar* l.lre Hr:r-lurnble Susam il. Earmsjr in la{e

fulayaf 1975" OnJr.me tr3, lp?5, afterater:daytriai=holr.Meadow$rlssagailfbundguilt-verf

f*1*ny-rnutcler, On July X"1"" I975,Mr" fuJeartor,l's, c*lrsistrnt wirh ;I{"(:"L"A. Sc*Iian 7SA,J t6}.

!,li[is sefttencedts ssrlre lifuulithnut ths uiranee *f parnle nithth* $.{ichigan Depa:?menr oi

Correetions {MDOC). Atri subsequ*nt appeal* xaken h3'' Mr. h4endow's to iris seccnd cernvictiein,

inclr:ding a l*'rit nf habeu.s t{}t"ptl,r in federal dis*rict cr-l$rt, v?ere clegied"i

On June 25^2fr1?, the Lh:ited fitates .Suprenre Cnurt, in &.{i{l*r.v. Afahom*. ST{:t i*l.S. _r132 S,tt" 2455, 183 L"#4.2d 4fi7 t?fil ?1. at\er questioning the penal.iustificaris*s far imponfurg

liJb with*utparole un juvenilesu held that juvenjles cftrlnCIt he sentenceri ta life withaut paroie

sbserrt an indivi*taliz*d sentencing henring. hlarlier this year- the Usited "ltates Supr*me Courr,

in h'{ontgntncr,y v. Lrsrtisitzlt{}, ,. _ , {"J-$. **e i 36 X,ft " 718, I 93 l".lid.3d igg *A26}- trrepJ thar its

derision in Ju{ilfer sh$uld be appli*d rstr*actively to ciefbndants like b{r. l\{eacl*ws"

#n March 4" 2{J14. the Mic}aigan legislatur* e:racted fr..!"d-'.L. S*c't'i*n ?69.Ji*E f)# 14 t}ublic

Aci?ZJ"which wax adaprndln respan.ee to ttrae {"inited Statss.$upr*me C*"rurr's decisionsin Miller

and lL{ontgttmury, Subsectinn {a}ih} ttt'h{"C"L. 7fig"35l* prrvi,fns rhar:

: The s;rtntwte used fo cmr:vint Mr. &4ear,lows wfl$ cSlangeei in 1S&ti. '.the ll,{ichigan Suprenrc Caurtabolished the rlld {blony+nurder rule .rvith its decisirn in Lhe ease *{ Pxapk v. "46rcsrt, 40q h{ich.6V?,V37, ?qq N.W,2d 3ff4 {|V#{J}. Under t\*rtsrz, thr Mieirigan ,$upremr tourt held rirar maiiecwnuld hwe tn be independentiy prCIv*n filr r:ach elernent *l'an aliege<l *ff*nse. L]nfbrtunatriyfbr Mr. Meadowt- pnrticutrarly gir'*n tlrr:re r\as n* evidera*e ire intmrled tr harm tize ru,n y$ungoceupefl{,*, the Court fu$her held that this d*cision rq'outrcl nnly epply to J:uture c&,$fis and shouldnut be appXted retr s a*til'El) .

3 Xt should ben*{ed, {.he corrvictirln *f Mr. fuJead*ws" e**d*fbndant, ?r{r. Comsil F"ultrer" wfl* seraside by the F{pnorableU.f;. Distrlct Court Judge Johu l;reik*Rs" rl,hr granted Mr" F1|ler's nyir *thabens utrpus. A {hree--iudg* panri tknm the Linited Stat*s Ccurt af Appeais f,nr r}ie -{ixthC,ttcuzt affirmed Judge f"eikens' gtent in a ?-to-tr deci;i*n. {See *i.tlhtr t,, Ant{srson.66? f.:d 4:ili l1;811).

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'"fwJithin 180 tjaSrs aft*r thr: fSJuprnffi€ iC]r:rert-s ij*cisi*n h*ccn:*s final. t]"i* 1:rcsr*cietir"rgattorRev shall file mciinns *br r€sefltencing in aXl ease$ in r.r,hich tizu prcserutring atronieyrvill be r€gu*stirlg the rourt ta inrpr>*e a $iintflner of, imprisnnment for }ifr= r+ithout rlxCI

possibility of parnle.

oAupr*'.;t+ hearing on thn moti,]n shsll be c:*nducted as pr*r.ids{J ta section 35 r:rf'this

M"C"l* 769.25a goes o:n to prcrtide thal it"the prusecu{ing Bttsrney does not l7l* a n:otion

*eeking 4 $entence sf life inlpris$rlffierlt r.qritbotrt tL:l* pt:ssibility,:f parcrle, the *autt shatrl sentertce

tli* defendafrt tcl a tenn *f imprisnnme,Rt fhr whicir the maNi*r'urn term slzatrl be 60 year$ and the

rnininrunr tem slrall be no less lhan 25 5's6** and n* n'l$re than 4{1 years" [n tlte instant case, or3

Juty 22,2A16" the *ffic* oi=the Walne tnru:ty Fr*sscutr:r filed its ld*tine cli'lntenr to Srek s

'1-enn-oFYears lienten{:e against h{r, h{eadrr\{'s. (,$ee attac}red fixhibit t }.

ltr rcspoilse tG tlre Pras#crtlr]rns Natice" r]"lis Ccurt sel:eriuted this tuatter fbr n rL?-

*entencingheartng t"or T:rtday, Septernber 23. ?CIl6" This hdemr:randum is suhmiued in suppor{

t't{Mr, Meadows'requfst ta be resentenced to an'$nunffiil ten?l vr4xaltn 35 !'Bar$ and a

znsximuffL{erm equal tc the 4$ y*ars he hax already servad"

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{}nth*rnorning o{May t"*.,L?7*,afiree3estrayedthe liome*f h,,{rs. Safrr:nia'funr*rrrn

f-.e.rnay Stree{ lecat*d on ths city *t"Detrqrit's s*ut}reast side" lttrs^ Turn*r and per.'cmtr chiidren

nranaged lu escape the blaz*, but tlq,'s ml lrer children * ll.uth atrd Reginn {ages 1";wd 14) *lv*rw

killeel in tlze !1r*, An inr'*,stigation by tlie lSetrvit Firc T}*paetnreut rev*aleri thrat tlle tir* rvas

ftp;patenLly muxedbS, a"fulolotr"rv cccktail" tllat rtas ci*libelatel-v tlrror+n intr: thc rear *f the

Turner residence. ?v1r. fi"abert l4.r.tntz" rz slze;rwist lvith the D*tr*it Fire f}*partmcrrt- testifier,l tlrat

gasnline wes pre*ent on p*fiians *{ the }lause xidir:g,

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fu{s. F{elen Brorl'Rk'e, w,"h,$ livnd fte}il-dLxrr t* tlze Turney residenee" tesfified rhst $n the

mcrning tf ?u1ay 18th she saw fir'* *r s,ix b*ys tcgerher in a grcup in tranr of the Turnsr hoffie.

Irts. Brelr*lilee testjfieci she obser**ed twn *f the bclys go thruugh the frsnt gate of ttrre Turnrrr yard

arrd cnntinue tcr*"ards the rear nf ths rr.sidense. $h* then reported ,rne ot'tlte ufher buys. w'hc rvas

still in freint *f tire residenceu tftrelv,rome{hing. t{s. HroEvnlee reprfied yelling flr rhe boys

because she thotlghtths rtvm t,hncwn rv'as directed tawards her house. $ire reported nenning out

of hr:r house bfito the iiont porch tt'hers she tlrsn *b$erved thar the "I'urner resiclenfle wns on fire.

Fcufi*elr ynar-old .f eflrel {lcleruarrr, a key witness J'"nr t}re pr}se*utieln^ gieve testi:r'iony

tltattru:plisated futr. Meadolvs, tX* testifred tl:at *n thB rer*rning *f the lS'h he }eft his hnuse iet

eight o'c.lock trl head fns the 'fumer?s residence, As he r+,alk*d tirrough the Lrack.vard of a

neighbor mzd epprofl:fiIlsd the Turner's r-*siden*e fronr the rear. l:rt repttrled obser"ving hdr.

h4adou's nl1 theTurner's bask porrh igniting a rg strdfd inside a Cnca-d1sts b*f1s.

Jelfrey L'*ieman then testifis'd tilat fuIr. fufu,adows threw the b*trle against r.ire 'l"um1er"^l

hsw$n. startzng a tire" He addnsl tlrat Mr" lr,1r;:adflqts. whn q'as sixt*er? )ielsrs-nld a{ ti:e time, -strurk

anctlrer rnatcl-l which 1l* ux*rl to stflrt a seccnd {trc ta *:*rtain firsterial in a hack windorv. I-Ir

testified that"Mr. Meadarve and his *s-.del-*ndar:1, Mr" Cornetrl lruller, then L:oth jumpertr utt the

par*h and rar: dorn"n the alley tswards Kercher,'al $tr*et.

initiall"y. rince fui,*. tr3r*r,r,-nlee repafied believizrig st:meone named "'JelYre1"' tr\-'as r.l'ith thr

bny* in frnst af rhe Tnrner *esidenc*. p*ttre auihuriti*s snrysted and q$e$ti*ned Jefirey {l:lema:n

hsfrrre taking him ts the juveniie h*rue. fir,ryntualtry" ilte chatg*s canxid*reci agaicst .f ef{rc,v*

{.olemanwerc 6r*pp*d. rd:lile thns* against fo'I,i:ssrs, h,fead*rt's and Fuller praceeiSedtrt trtaLr

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The Highth Amendmrllt's prnhibiticn *f crucX anil unusual punisSmsnt "'guffianrees

iridividuals thE right nof ts be subjected to €.{cessi.ve sanr:tions." Raper t', Sinzmrsns, S43 Ll.S.

-{51= 560- 1259,.CL }183, l6X L.Ed,2&t i?CIf}s), Thixrighr.asexplai:iedbyt}:e{_"'gur{,uotlnrv$

froryr rhe basie 'prelept ofjustice that punishnrent f,nr crifires sfuoulii be graduated and

ptnpCIrtiaflfid"' ro bryththe offe,nder and thry ot'ibn,qe. f,Pstrytx +:," tinite$ 11a1tes,1X7 t-i.g. 34g. 3S?.

3fi S"Ct.544. 54 t,Ed,7g3 tl"gltlj"

Th* fr.aper case estahiishes that juveniles are, emotionalll,' dilTerent fiom adugs far

p&rposes af s*nte'nt'ing bncause tbey have dinririished culpahility and greatf;r pr&spectx lbr

reform. {See also, Gt'*k*nt v" Floritla" 5{ifr U.5" -- x t 3ti S.tr " 2(J11 " 1}fr L,,fd.Z{J S?} {30 1#j;1.

Specifically, tire {Jnited, States Supreme to'un reliecl nn thres signiti*ant 6ifferet?ce$ Lret1v$en the

emcrtions 0i'juveniles and those $f ndults rvith reaehing this resutt: {,I} cfuiftlren }:a\us ri "laf,k" *t'

maturi{y and an unclerde'o'elopeci st-:nse of tesponsilrility,*' leading tn recklessness. inrp"gtrsity..- and

heedless risk-takifiH; {U children "ar* }$ore vulner"abls.. "to :regarive iniluences aild outsid*

press'ilrf;s," including flonr their family ancl peers, and t!1e,r, have limi*ed "cqrntri:[1J over their

ow?l Pnvironmsnt" and laek ttre abilitv {o extri*ate thems*lves kclm horrific, crinr*-pr* ducing

settingsi and, t3,l a *hild's charaeter is ncrt as '"well to;mterJ" as aft itdult'x, trris trait*q are "'less

lt'red.n'and his actions are lesx llkely ta be "nvirien{e r:rf,irretrisvablf*l ciepravfit,vl." Rcprr" at

569-5V{3"

l'he LllritedStetes Supretne ilourt then h*ld in lu{illet't}rat its rone!*sion juv*r:ritrc$ ars

e'ntitl*d m dilninished cuiparbility rests not rinly Dn e#mrfiCIn $firlse * i.e", whal an,v parf,lnt kn6u,s

*bwt nt'l sciens* and soeial sciemee as r?eil" -Ih* elourtcit*dstudi*s rhcrn'ing rhat only a sinattr

partian of adoiescent* wha engaglv in iilegat actilrity cle,r'eiirp sntrenc,la*d patteprs erf prnblern

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{mrfiatr$ri{tr;, Dirninit}ted R*spansihif it,tt, an$ tlt* Jwrsrri{r" freutlt Pt:ndrlfy,58 ,{ru. P"t"1u/rafu:gi.t'r

VJ09, 1#1,4 {?0f)3)}. trn Grahftri, the Certirt rei-ened to vprious studies adrlrersing d+vrlcpn:*nfs

in ps-vchalagy and brain seisnce sltorvirrg furrdamentnl" differences be,twsen tixe n:inds #f

juverritres versus those of adr"rlts ss thase ditftrsnces rurlate to transisnt rashnessi proolivity tcr

risk. srld inabiiity ta an$rvtsr conscqueru,€$. {}rnhrtnt dt 2i}36 *?il27 " These studi*s shcw [iuit ax

yee{s gCI by and neuroLogttnl develupme*t pccurs, fhe juvexiies' 'udeficiexcirs .,,1'ii1 be e,eforntcd,'u

Id, In summmy,itis th*pcsitiorr sf ilie tJnired States $upren:re Cuur:tthat b_1'deeiding *juvenile

i:thnder rrill be f:*rever a danger to sor.i*ty ""*erulcl requirr mt*king a "'"irrdgment thar [he] ix

irrcorrigibifi.*" but that "'inc*migibiiity is inr-rrti:tsis$e*t rvitle yorith,"n {irsh{rnt, et 203q. }'r"lrther" lhat

:il. rehabilitatian eanRot justifr"such e sent*Rce" then li{b withCIttt parule'.firrswears altogettrer th,-r

relrabilitatiun iderrl ." (iraltam, &t 203#.

Tvk.M*adows^ whn was brzrr anApril 29. 1gsi+. was 1$ years-nlcl lryh*n hnrcp*n*dly sct

tire to ttre Turner's residence. T1* fuas b*en inrnr**rated fbr ol'*r 44 years ar:rd is currently being

held at the lowest pass\hLe security-lertel frlr his conviction at tire fufaeon'rb C*rrec.ti,vnal Focility

in N*w Haven' Michigan" Mr" Mead*rvs has received onl3.' three runjnr ntiscatrdtrrt"s durjr:g his

incare*ratinn yttghting un 7.5/7&, unautlrnrizrd ou*upatt*n *l'a cell or: 9/17i8ff. ancl disrlh*ying a

direct order *n9lX,8ig3j, the laEt rf which wa$ CIvet2# yeltrs agft. Staff.at the unit w'hr.re htr.

M*adows resides report he i"q *'!lst il menagem*.Rt probl*m." while sharscterizing his instituti*nal

xdja*anent ffi "'9CI0d."

Consl*test lryith the afurernelrtioiled behavigral stuclie* cited irnd r*lied qrn hy the l-lnited

States fiupr*tne Cnufi itt Mi{fer, anrJ its prog*ny, h{r. Meaduw$ $'srt it juver:ils lq'}ren he iras

nrrested in this case andhas since mafilred into s:r adult: in uther rvt:rds, d:e p*rsan c*nvieaeci nf

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srtting f:rn tn the Tumer's home back tn tr*?{} i.$ ir,,:l[ tl"ls same prrsol] appearing lbr re-$nfttellrtng

tuday, h{r- h{oado*'s f;CImpleted his G,i:.D,, ax r.qnfill as s*n:* Fusl-liigh rrha*i edunation rd?rilr

inearrerateri. tieltas also mrnpleted bath,{A and'}iA pragrams ofTered hy t,lie MDfiC. hdr"

futead<llr."s' l.'r,ffrk perlbrmafice hst received $unxeroils povitive evalnatiurrs" {See select c:gpies er{'

evalus{,ions a&ashr&a* nxhit}it 3}. These repufi$ n*te ti-lat hdr" h,{eadows is a gor:d lv"urker" doing

a gcnd job. and thag he tskes pri<ie in comptreting a*signmpnts. Mr. Menclnu.,s tuas rectltr:mended

tlsr andecmpXrted Machine Slrnp l zurd ll. Fle ha.q cleari3'taken itdvantage ct'the rpp*rtunjties

n:ade ayailahle ta hirn by Lhe MI)OC .

A pxyclrc,logical evaluaticn rr1 fu.{r" lvleadows bflc.k in I?71 u,'ax qriite tellizrg und *f{brs

fuithe.r supp&rt firr our r€quest of din:inislrcd resp*nsibi1it"v. The evaiuati*n i*rlieated that he trrad

areLher Wey xeJf-inz.age anrl $&s coltsidered niildly retard*d, Ttte evaluafiofi rL'eomrurended

confinem ent ta a stable, correotions envirrlnrfLent so his ""beftmvi*r aad ptrrs*nality can he altered

towarris a befier iife adjust:nen{,'1 During the nearl"v 45 ysar$ i:* llas been incarcertrred. h'trr.

h4eadaws has nlearly b*nefitted 1i*rn {he sr:ggsstsd treatrne$t received r}hil* in custr:dy at *re

MDOC andhas exltibited xtrrng er,irlenc* of rehabilitati*n a:r*l sr:cial cunf'nmtity"

Onapersanalnots, h{r. h{eador.vs enjoys broad supp$rI from iris trarge circie of tamily

anrl friends; he har eigirt siblings, aX+ng r.vitlr num*)r{,us nieces and rrepketxts- .$ins* his

insarcerati*n hegan^ the rscard sholvs hfr. fufeadsrqis ltas ru*c*ivrd at l*nst anu r''isit eaeir anr:ntl:

fr*zn either irix mnther {'}:is father* u4lr--r panxed dway afu*wt twtlnty ysters &gi},, rvas irisq: a fr*quenf

visitor), sne nf hls xisters. rJB(.*f his brr*tlecrs" the children *t his siblings. or rrrle t:f iriri nlanlr

tt'*tnds. Bec.ause nf ghis large suppr:rt ne{wr:r}i, futr. h:{e&dc}rlus rviil hal'e a stab{e plac* tql live

with the suppcrt of p*aple rr,i:lr iq-lvr him th*reb,v a**,istir:-& witla h.is transiti*n *4r*le ire gets

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rcieased on either pr*hatinn {,r parole. In this csnnectirrrr. i*i{iatrl-v futr, futead*rvs anticipates

returning licnre to liue with his ino*er.

trl was r,L*ar fiom. the state.ments fllade by Jurlg* Fon:ran during th* Sentiencing H*arii:rg

h*ld in this nratter nn July 11", L975. that sl:e w$utrd have rcfiesnce hdr, Mesdow,"s to a dilTerent

tenn than thatrequired [.'statute if she couirl. Judge ffinrman tirst xtated: '0...I dn not believe

Mr. Meadows intended that anybudy should dre in thal h*use. That rvas the trag*rIy. 'I-his was

an imma{ure act." {See atlaehrd Exhibi.t 3. tr-ranscriptaf the Sentrrreing Hearing, dated JHIy 11,

1975,p"3). She later added: *'...lrealtry don't feni tl'rnrt thcre irlroutrd be ever.v docr slarnmed $r: a

$ixteffn -year old boy." {See attached Hshibit 3. Triurscript"*tthe Sentencing Hrar:ing, dated Jul--v

X 1, 1975, p. 11. Hor,v that thr Isws hal,e ahanged" tl:ls Cuurl has'an opportunity ttl ctrrre{,'f r^.,}rat

\re now'knorr'1{r&s tv?ong and ffiraftge to *set }vlr. fo{ead*rvs free.

Cspclu*isn:

What irapper:*il to y'uung Ruth and Regina Turner *n A{a1'- 1&- 1E7t},1vas lragic xud

rrnJbrtunate; tirere wae no evidence hdr. Meadn-r.v*iztttnded to'hann th*se y#ullg r:ltildren. 'l-h*

quention nff$/ is l,vhat sort of'penalty shnuid thi.s Cotrrt assess TODA?: kn*wing that the irrv*nile

whry comn'ri{ted the subject *ctLs entitled tn dirrrini"qhed respnrrsibilit3'- w}rile at the same tin:e

taking into consid*,rattan the maturatiun clern*n$trattsd by t?te man standing hei'ore ynu taday?

Wte respertt-ultry reqvsjst tL"vat tht:s Hr:rlarahle Court ccngi,Jrr rf,-senteruring fu4r" Zwir:us ll*bby

Maadr:ws, cnnsistent w,iill A'("C.L,A.769"25$, i# scrve a period of'bstween f5 and 45 y*ftr$. &.{r.

fuXead$$os' behavi*:r ili the tenrjer ag* of 16 is the tipc of- unthinking and unc*ntrolisd Lahavion

thnt *,ases like l''{i{ler anld Msntg$mer} squaretrv ad,lrr"sx. A sel:tence such as this lv*u}d ffiearl

hdr. Meadows shpuld be retr*asrd frorn *ust*d3'imrn*<liatci3'. Whilt a shart period of prerbati*n

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I, Mellri.n l{mlston, ettsrn*y fbr t}re Ds{bndant, he.r*by ansst snder: th'e perraltiry* c:f,

pcrjury that on September 1tr, ?i11,5, i sen'sd ff sop;v otYlxfenrlant Z*rina* B*bby hdes{i&lvs' I{&*

$entnnsing fo{emoraRdum on Jcn P. Wajtatra, A*sistflnt Wayne {lcunty Prsgecut*r. Lry r:nctrosing

sarnn iar an envetrope und depnxiting saffre in a [J"$. FCIstel DepositCIry in the Cit.v c,f Dstroit,,

fotichigan, r*guXar nrail, rvitl: pffstag* t'ully prcpaid, plainly {rddressed:as ibllt}w$:

Jon F, \fu'ojtala, Axxistnnt W*yne Counfy Prasrtutnr1441 lit. AntCIine $tneet, l.?rh Floor

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*y* Ordtr dated f;cptenzber ?3, 2{i16, this t'ouffi", s*tr* s;1l$nte. FE}ifI&t} tlee f}e*Bl*'s

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"fart,ytln is nnr,v hdfJor and na longer require* s re$p#ri$s.

Resp*ctful X y subnriued_

h'{elvirr H*uston,Attcrn:ey llir DeflenrJanr fo{eedolvs1334* Axbury ParkDetruir, S{i*hi-sian .1S?!?- I S4S

{313} 835-S47e

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STATS OF 11.TTCffiT{}AN

III{ THg TffURT APPEAI-S

i#W ApPEAt FRSh:I THE lltrAYl'iE CfrUFJTX" CiftC{JiT tLlLiR?'. tRl&,{lt{AL I}IVISISN)

F&OtrLE OF TT{E $TATE #ff ftnTCfIIffAS{"

Ptraintiff-Appeilant.Csart ef Appeal* F{o.r 334937

L*r*.'er Ct" l{a-: 71-t}01558-fl |-Ftl-vs*

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De{endani-Appellse .

#oN p, wfiJTALA, t-49414Assi stan i \ff avne Clounty Prpsscuror

mmtvxil H#usT#Fq. y -3629fiAttorne;!' for D eflndant-Appellee

ff{lW C**[ESDtte*dann-Appel}ee. ZHRI{itiS BOBI1Y fu4EAD{}\\'S, h,v anr3 tlu*ugh

his attortreS", IWelvin Hsust*n, and r.+rith his Rrspons* t* tiae P*t:ple's h4ation iirr lrnn;ecliare

C.anstder atian. st:&t*$ ap foXl ol+'s:

l. 3:r respnnse to the allegs{.ir-rns costained in Faragrapll 1, l}ef,*nda:rt-Appellee

admits hr was'ci:arged an$ ccnvictcd under the aid f,eltr:y*rurrrrJr,,r rule that predated the

hdichigan Suprerne Court's decisi*n in Feop{e v. ,4ex'r:m.4#9 h4ich, {}73,,733"399 N.W"-?d 3il4

(19*01. rvh-ich sb$lished that rul*. In l:urther re$llni?se" Deibndaat-App*llee aiim:its t* hei:eg

serrtencedtn a{erRr *tZif* r+'it}r,{rut r}re pcssibiiAB" of pam)*"

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IprrsfiJild Krq Fu4usd'ffi1 Bns*r uE snJpJ[Io* e]fidrrp stt1t rtttvtya** pE} or uot?s?fffins s'aldssd

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fiTATX OFfl.,OffiDACAsE I'lO" 9+1il418

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CT',HT IOPHgN gUNTgilt

TIII$ tl4ATfE#, is bofarc *kr C.uutt an dofend:mt's m*tian [o dectare Fiorjda Staturc

9775.0*?4b)1x [ricJ $nconstitutional u*ler the Eighth A,rnrndment ls ths U"S, Constifution, filed by

rou,necl for Christapher Barfin pn S lludy 7fr16, and thex*pplorr*eotal authority filed anZ August 2A16,

The Statr filed its rssponsd ln oppooition on 15 August ZUL6, to which the defense filed a reply un tr8

I;ugssr 7AL6 " Tha Cnrm finds as fnllolrys.

Cfurirtophet Ysrwh was csnvist$d of firsl dagr,ee murder and rowivad a $snlrrlsa of, lite

imprisoumant"Hy wus sixteon ypar$ old at thetim*he *amnnltrd the cltfens* and is therefor* entitled lo s

ieswfierrcinghaating under serfions 775"fi82 tU (h) 1 and 9?1"14$tr uf ths Ffuxida Statues in arcordance

,*ritk Miller v. Alahatn&x 133 S,Ct, 2453 {WlZ\, and fls{,rrln v, Sifrten 1fi2 Sa.kJ 934 {Ftra" ?015},t Hl*

t&sefttere,ingpr'wendings *e pradi:ng before the Court"

Wt. ftartan tn(wes the Cnurt ts daclare anconfitilutional s6cti$n 775.082 {1} {b) 7, wlticb s€ts n

mdnfutary rninimum sef,tnftrr,, nf 4{1 yex;r* in priran lat a Xuveuila ccnvicted crf actually ktYling, intrnding

ta tnlt, or attemptittg tfi kill, He con{esds rhix mandawry misirnum sentence for juveniles prmecfied ss

adxlts viol*tes Miller anditypto*erll!, as vrell es the bighth Amcndment prohibitinn ngain*t ctuel and

: Throvgjrn+*t his rnotion, L'[r, Burton cites rs **1'15.fi83{bil," omittiag the rc{ere,nce to sgbse*ti.on {]} of$trf;iot 775.08i,'lt is cl€.ar hs in,te$d* s€r'tien 773,fr*7. {U {bl 1, the portion *t the *tstute thatr cofitrCIlc his re*cntar*ingpracetl ngs,x Sae Eurton u, Stare,l4* 5o.3d 541, 54,2 {Fla, 3d OCA ?fr14} {hulding Lhal W{r" Surian i* entitl& t*rs*sntsncing in light nt Millerl; Stat* v, Burt&tt, 3?? So,3d a. ?;AX5) {denying the rqguent foidi,*retiotaty rrryiew *t Mr. Eur?on"s ease in I'ight *{ Falcan enl v. $tate, 16fi 8o.34 393 35}1"

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unusilsl puni*hmr.ul, Hp poaitr ftgl this arhiwary term nf yeeffipreclude* s $sfit*ficing court frarn fotrlovuing

ths&ite"clivrsnf the United Slattra $uprarue Court and ths FJ*rida Suprerne Court furyuw it re,rno'des from

the cot rtth*, abili,ity to ex*r*ixe its disererion aad ades;uately l*k* intr. wcaunt n*i only the ofucumets:{rms

sf tlrCI of;Fensno but aiss tlw itwenila affmder'a yaratfu p€rf;snal devrtapmqnto snd ryrsunal lri$*ry, ia

fa*hlutrtng sfr bpff s?tiaz* sstt;ttwr,x- "

Thd,last decade kaswv:lnr.rrird srr Evolsliua in United Stst$s Evpr*,tne C*vrt Tuti*prudener based cln

th* pr"tnnigl* th*tjavanilss, o'arp sonstitutiuael?y dif?ern*t froffr n:dultx ibr purposes of santenein g^" Miller,

133 S,Ct" eL 7464. Tbis linn of tss€$ "ofr#ws trsffi tke bs*is Wese;pt cfjurtic* lh*t punislirnent fhr Brirne

should W, grgldzlffiltfad and pr*Bortioned? ta b*th th* offcn&et N# the offenss," aRd *rnpharizrs "that the

disilnctiv* *ttribtfie* ef youth $imirn:,sh tho penrlcgical justificarions fryr imgrtxiny the trershssr senlencs.s

onjuvrniie offender& €vsn whEn thry e,omrnit terrible srims*"'* trA at 2459"

Firsl, #.aper v, Sinustan*, 543 U"g. 551, 1?5 $,ft" !1,83 {}{fr,$} banned mpitul pnntshment tor

juvenile offend*r*, $uf,crequen{lyi Grahum v" Flpridao SSS t}.S" 48, 330 $,Cr, 7fr21 (e#l U prohfbited *

$enlbfita uf life wit?r*ur the po*xibiiity of pattlls lar s Stwexil* c<rnviczcd sf a *cn-hornicids offpnse, Milter

+herz h*!d that the Eighth Affieildffienf's pr*hibition tgainst cruei snd unsmra{ punishment "forbids a

*enicncing s*harae tfuao m*:ndaies trife in prison withsu,t tbs pu*sibility nf parolc f*r juvonile nf,funders"

hrcause ear,h arynalty wtwaw proldsnts a s€fitensinglt$g* **srn rc,r**ning tryhather ths lsw'e harshast

trrm of impnwnrnenf prCIporlio*etely puuich,es a juvanila stfrarder"" t32 f,,Cl. at?Alfr,2469, Colhctively,

thie trilogr af c"aws pstab3.ishes tlrat childrsNr ars diffemnt andthnt a xenls$cing'iudge mufil take intc acfounf

a juvrnile'r age, fxl:isalzr xfuart*ri#*s, and *lw circurrrstarco* of lhr sffsfi*s in fasfuioning the

xr.f/rapriate sfnl€n#4,

The 2fr1.4 F'lsridal"egiulalure uttu*trxtourtry rnacied legixlatlrin i*land:cd WbtingFlorida's juv*rile

rcntencing ststCItss intc mrnpliancn,pirl.l the dic,tstcs *f {irahatnand itffller l$es f{orsley v" Stale,1S0 So.3d

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]93' 394. Unds thic legisl*tinn, ssctin*s '?75.#82 and 92L.1401 goverfl sonteacing proceedings for

juuenilm mnvi:sted of hsmici de in sdult c#urr.t

Seetia* 1 I 5 "tt82 providee;

A percan who actually kiiled, i;nten&d lo kill, or Etramptei l* kill thevictim and wtlm is ccrrvieted undcr s" ?8?"04,*;I a crpitai felany, or sn

ffi**lffi iffi;i*Jiffi #Ift ;3*h*'###';jin rcmt&rwe with s,9?L,L4fi1, tba e.otttt, fivrd* that life imprisonrnent isafi aptaprigle $cnle nce,lt *he eoNtr1. finde tha* lile impr{ron ment is Doltn s*grsprlrte s€slrilrs, suth Wrs*fr shnll b* punfuhtd by a tenn ofimprlwnrnpnt sf st ltg#t 40 geere" A perxon gfntenced purswnt to thisr;X#iT.;:irtr

$illY * a r*:viaw or hix or hor sant&rffis in awtdanc*

# 775,08L {1) {b} t,ffia.9tnt. tenl?hasis. added), Sectisn 921jAfiL details a litany sf factars o'rplevant ta the

sffense snd the dEfendam's yauth *nd etxendent eimumstsnces" that fi spntencing eourt musl consider in

datetmining whether a life aettlsnffi ta ryprr$iat** See $ 921.14CI1 {A, F}a. Stst, Under rhis sentencing

schewa, & wsrt has in a*serr*. lhree *nnleneing optinne: 7J hfa without the pas*ibility of parole, or ?J a

nondarory ssnt6no6 of at lewt 4& yeurs in pisan, or 3) s ternr of years gteetet tltnn 4{J. See # }15-fr82|L}

{b} 1,

Thi; Conrt ie naw cwnfronted with the question of wbetber the m*ndatory sentencing provision in

secdon 175.W2 (1) (b) t ^ whish sontrol-s whare a senterwing cotnt determinr.g the fnctsrs deline.sted in

sortion ?ZL,L4rAL {2) du nol w&n&{rt t}:e irap+oitian of ahf* $entensf {or lerm of yearu grsa(ff ihen ;10} *

runs afaul oL &tillsr'"s individualizsd xc*tencing requir*rnsTlt. The undatpinningx of, Miller support Mr.

Surton' s nr Xrsmant tkut h dor*.

Miller requircs consideration af a defmdant's ehrsnologioal age and its halLfisrk feature$,

including immaturity,irtpataa{ttyrand failure r*egtrnzte riskg std consequenc*si his farni}y anci hrme

envi;rgn nt;and theoircumsltnesxof thfi h,amicidsaffertsy,in*ludrtngtheextent of hisparticiyxricnir'rhe

rmrnduct ard thr way famiilial a*4 Fer.r fie*$ut& ffiey ha.'rs, aftastad hiffi. 17J* S,Ct. &t 2d1S8. The statutory

3 lnoy al*o retr.asctively appXy in collatsral wvi'ew prrneeding*, such ss lh+ instqn$ os*, lo sasss rend+redtntcgnstituticngl by Millxr. Se* Ilorstq" l6i) ,5c"3d *t 4fr4-05"

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tmar* Enurfiwated in sectiun9ll,l,4ilL tLlr ar* wn*istrnt rryith thir decres and properly guide a coufi's

scntcncing esnsiderations. But the Afr-y,rar rland:stryty rninirnsrn xrntencing provisian of seclicn

775n82.t1) (b) tr vitiate* fl cosa's abiliry to srxtl a le*ssr senterrce it deem"r apprerpriate atter i$

eonsidergtion of these taelryrs"

Con*ider ths circumf;ratwe of a cssrt {hat pvaluste* ilw *tatutary farlorr and drterrnines nCIt only

tNMt a scnl€nc€ at life impi*onm*nt ir nsi aryapriaie but t?t;aL, trare imparlantly, a sentsnce {}f 35 years in

prisoa te apyopn*te gjven tlre totality of the sircurnsta fi#.s. Thn dieiawe sf eedion "lB "ASZ { 1) {b} I rar*uld

rcndnr lhp r.owtos individuahzad sente*ci*g sonsiderstiirns msoto beuauee the court would bx reguirad to

irnpone a minirurm rnandalory *enuynce of 4# 'Xear* in prison regrrdlcse of its findilgr under seetion

9?1"14O1 tL't"Every juvonile thrt dues fi,Dt reseiv*ahte s€ntsflce, sr atr;rmcf years ssrlsnce gteater than

ffi year*, will tewivv lhv ssmo 4A yezr rniniman s€rtl€fise as evety olhsr juvnniie,, rygardle*s of his or her

par{rtutwiznd circumstanets" ThLs tesult lE lnr;ongruous wilh t}s xpirit ut Mitler nnd ttrrc Eigtrth

Anrendmetfi. $ee State v. Lyleo 8fr4 N.W^Zd 3'78 {Iowa 713X4l" {Itoldtng that" in light of A,{iller, the lawa

cunstitulion trrhids all nrandatory eet nstwing *ch+rnr* for iuva*ile offenders because drey deprive a

wrrtencingceurt the di*ryption to consid*r yuuth and ils atLendantcirora$erislics].

T"hs C$urt reutgntzns ehar mandatory scnl*ncing xchemet far adults pass conxtituticlnal mrrtar. SeE

e,g" Harmelin v" Michigan, 50.1 U.S. f57 {L991> {halding rhffi a s*ntuncing *cheme r*andating life

iwptisa;ament did not eonstitste erael and urrdsual puldshmcnt even.$rough i? pteclurdled individualiasd

ssulnnciflgmnsi&*rttinn)"*l0jbildten cerlnot bs vi:elved ximply as rninistur* adults," llnwsver.luliller, L32

$-*r,.et74#8{qunrmgJ.fr"fl.v.t{artfuCarnlina,5#4U"9.2*1,?15(At}ltl]"AsRoper,Grnhamoend l*Iiller

waka clezr, a senlenre thnt is trffiritutioaally apgapriate for an adlrl( yflsy very wetl be csnslitulionrlly

infirm n* applied to e iavanil* a{teader. Sae alsn Lyle" 854 N.W"2d at 4AZ ('"il{sndataly sentencing fer

sdu,lts daee nat re*uli in ilrue;l and unusual punishrnenl, trul fnr shildrefl it lail* to accnunt fi:r loo rnuch of

whst we know is c,hild bchavinr,'")"

Thettate directs the Court'* *t{eniiontot#illiatrls' v. Stnte,Hqr..2DL5-Z43O,WL6WL7#51A{Fl,g'

TdD,e,/'February Afi,70161"bnd Crilins v.ltats,389 5o, 3d341{Fla. l"rt DCA T0rcr,arguiug tfiat bnih

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th* Firrt and goffind Dirrin f.ourffi of Appeal have fteard ehallenge* to and upheld rs,andatory minimur*

term-*f-yaer* sentences for juvenilee. Ao Mr. Burtsn poiorr nut in hi* rcpLy, ttfilli*ms and Callins ale

distinguiehable, frothd€.al with sentpueing issues andls Grahnm{as cp+sed to th* Miller issue Mr, Surton

raires) an{,rtmralmptlan+ly, *iulply rcquired tlle rcspeafivE coufiE to detennine whcther ea*lzdefendant'r

$€ntenm - urhich incidennlly inwryanted a mundaLpry mi;nlmrym terrn ef imprir*flrnent ' comdtuted a de

ftcto lik *atencs for a non-homi cidt offr;nsr- Williams, 2016 WL 74654'fl' at 3; Collins,189 So"3d at 343.

Tha Collins and Williams tnwlx did not hw*, omaxisn tff addrss lhe issue pr*;sefltly b*{arc $e Court. The

Csurt does not findtheir apVrnval pf ndnir,luu-rnandatfiry sentuneingtar iuvenilsxrslsvant t{rth* instant

itrguiry.

Cogclgsion

Miller rr+6uitsa *llxt a sentelrce follow ft oer\f,in proo€ss - aor*si&ering an offender's youth and

strf,ndanl*hstac/renstics*befare inrporinga pamnular penalr1."" l3? S.Ct. st.2471. The Florida l*gislature

all*viat*d h{iller r cuncerns aa th*y trsl,aft to Inc$x* z {} tJtr" shoul{t sonsider in fa*hioning a s6rt6n€e

hefittinguf the nffense alld thr affsndat, See fl 92l.\4fit t7) ter+urreeratirrg f,a*wra for a senttncin& c{rurt to

mtxicret that epho the fa$*ts idsnti{ied; in Mlllea 13? $.Ct. eL ?.416&}, Fut the mrndat*ry *entencing

provfux*nuf section V75,A82{1) (b} tr^ prevents bBentefieing court fr*mexrrcising the full exlent af judieiai

rliscr*ticn that il{illar requitres. "thLx fa,ffit of, rhs sta*sie is inessrlrilable witft prevniling Eigh* Arnendrnent

jurisprud&nu€.

hefendsnt'smstioa tlc-de*laraFlorjds Stttute #'175"il82(b]1fsicJ unaonstitutipnal underttre Elghth

i,mendl:rrrpr,rt to the L),&" Constitrdion is {RAlt{f&fr" Th* Gourt tinds secrion 775"A&2 (1} {b} 1

ur:aonstilutionzl"

?he State nauy *cek rwrew nf this *rder in tlre rnat ner a:nd means providad by law" See

Ftra"R.App .Y. 9 ,frW {b, t2"), (3} 9" 1*0 {c}"

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$illiam FuerteCircuit Judge

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Matthew Snaitl,r, Esq.Ase igtant $tate A:{t*rney419 N, Fisrce StreetTampa Flnrida 33bfi2

Theda Jarne*, Esq,

Assistsnt Puhlic DefenderX|YJ E" Twiggs Streetr

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