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mDS DENEME SINAVIFEN BLMLER - 14

A

indekiler:

Cevap Kad

Deneme Snav

Cevap Anahtar

Snavn Yabanc Kelimeleri

Uyarlar:

1. Bu testte 80 soru vardr. Bu sorular iin toplam 3 saat (180 dakika)sre ayrlmtr.

2. Soru trlerine ait giri ve k saatleri, snavn sabah 09:30 - 12:30arasnda uygulanaca varsaylarak belirlenmitir. Soru trlerine

giri ve k saatlerini, snava baladnz saati esas alarakdeitirebilirsiniz.

3. Dzeyinizi tam olarak belirlemek istiyorsanz, snav tek biroturumda uygulaynz.

4. Soru trleri iin nerilen sreleri amaynz.

5. Bir soru zerindeki deerlendirmenizi bitirdikten sonra, o soruyatekrar dnmeyiniz.

6. Sorularnza verdiiniz cevaplar daha sonra deitirmeyiniz.

7. Cevabn iki seenee kadar indirgediiniz sorularda, size gredoru kma ihtimali zayf olan seenei iaretleyiniz.

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DS DENEME SINAVISOSYAL BLMLER - 14

CEVAP KAIDI

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Dier sayfaya geiniz.

1

A

NGLZCEFEN BLMLER - 14

w w w . b a d e m c i . c o m

1. 18. sorularda, cmlede bo brak lanyerlere uygun den szck ya da ifadeyi

bulunuz.

Balang saati : 09:30Biti saati : 09:48Toplam sre : 18 dakika

1. Europes deep-ocean margin, stretching from theArctic to the Mediterranean and to the Black Sea,contains an ---- of biological energy and mineralresources.

A) extension B) influence

C) abundance D) element

E) assumption

2. Cloud seeding, a technique which attempts tomake precipitation by dispersing silver iodideparticles into clouds, remains ---- because it isquite difficult to prove whether it actually works.

A) valuable B) confidential

C) essential D) fascinating

E) controversial

3. Some frozen areas of Greenland have alwaysmelted each summer, but recent research hasshown that the extent of snowmelt in Greenlandincreased ---- between 1992 and 2005.

A) vaguely B) roughly

C) scarcely D) drastically

E) marginally

4. Twenty-five percent of excess nitrogen fromoverfertilization of fields ---- into the oceans viarivers.

A) brings B) carries

C) swims D) expels

E) flows

5. The SOS (Space Observatories in School)programme was ---- to make young people moreaware of opportunities to study the fundamental

sciences, especially those related to theuniverse.

A) thought over B) built in

C) made up D) set up

E) found out

6. Ever since the sixteenth century, when CentralAmerica first appeared on European maps,

schemes have been ---- to build canals there.

A) set off B) put forward

C) run down D) taken up

E) sent off

7. Scientists predict that should the current rate ofdeforestation in the rainforests ---- , a great manyof the species they support ---- completely by theturn of the 22nd century.

A) continue / will have disappeared

B) is continued / will disappear

C) was continued / would disappear

D) had continued / would have disappeared

E) will continue / would have disappeared

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11. If all of the Arctic ice ---- , global sea levels ---- by23 feet, submerging most coastal areas.

A) melted / will rise

B) is to melt / are risingC) were to melt / could rise

D) will melt / rise

E) had melted / rose

12. We need to worry ---- the effects of fossil-fuelcarbon dioxide ---- the atmosphere.

A) onto / below B) on / by

C) for / at D) about / in

E) towards / on

13. Theres a broad range of opinions ---- thebiological consequences of being exposed ----

the contaminated environment near Chernobyl.

A) for / of B) in / with

C) on / to D) about / at

E) through / from

8. Cosmologists believe that equal amounts ofmatter and antimatter ---- in the early universe,but since matter and antimatter annihilate eachother, something ---- to create an excess of

matter, leading to the universe we see today.A) are created / happened

B) have been created / had happened

C) had been created / has happened

D) may have been created / must have happened

E) would be created / has been happening

9. Since 1997, when the spacecraft The MarsGlobal Surveyor ---- over the surface of Mars forthe first time, scientists ---- by the considerablemagnetic anomalies identified on the planet.

A) has flown / are intrigued

B) flies / were intrigued

C) had flown / had been intrigued

D) was flying / may have been intrigued

E) flew / have been intrigued

10. In 1998, 16 per cent of the worlds coral reefs ----by bleaching caused by El Nino, but half of those

reefs ---- signs of recovery, especially inprotected areas where it is illegal to harvestcoral.

A) have been killed / showed

B) were killed / are showing

C) had been killed / would have shown

D) have been killed / show

E) could be killed / had shown

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14. Recently, researchers have found that ---- certaingenes remain activated long enough, they candramatically enhance an organisms health andextend its life span.

A) even if B) while

C) in case D) if

E) although

15. Tourists gathered to admire the mushroomclouds during nuclear tests in Nevada between1951 and 1963 ---- at the time there was completeignorance of the dangers of radioactive fallout.

A) since B) so as to

C) when D) so that

E) unless

16. Genetic engineering is primarily considered afield of applied microbiology, ---- , the exploitationof microorganisms for a specific product or use.

A) but rather B) as such

C) and then D) for example

E) that is

17. A laptop maker recently released a model thatlets users change the processor, graphics cardand other parts by just removing one panel, ----spending hours disassembling the computer.

A) due to B) on behalf of

C) instead of D) with regard to

E) in order to

18. Wetlands filter out excess nutrients andpollutants by trapping them in roots and soil, ----plants and bacteria break them down into lessharmful substances.

A) where B) which

C) wherever D) how

E) whether

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19. 23. sorularda, aadaki paradanumaralanm yerlere uygun den szckya da ifadeyi bulunuz.


Although radon causes many deaths, it is clear thata lot of them are preventable. Radon tests arecheap, and when the gas (19) ---- , diverting it frombuildings is (20) ---- a simple matter of fitting vents,fans or membranes. (21) ---- in peoples homes,rates of testing and remediation have been slow-moving. And (22) ---- it comes to workplaces, thedangers (23) ---- radon are barely recognized.

19.

A) was found B) is found

C) will find D) finds

E) found

20.

A) hardly B) ever

C) never D) usually

E) finally

21.

A) Though B) Also

C) Just D) If

E) Yet

22.

A) while B) when

C) until D) since

E) after

23.

A) within B) at

C) in D) on

E) of

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24. 35. sorularda, verilen cmleyi uygunekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.


24. Although the evolutionary origin of animals isunclear, ---- .

A) scientists are no longer working on new theories

B) evolutionary biologists have abandonedtraditional views about it

C) the cells that make up the animal body arespecialized to perform specific functions

D) biologists have gathered enough evidence to putforward a new theory about it

E) much of the vegetation on land is similar to thatfound in the water

25. ---- if Gregor Mendel had never lived?

A) Is it possible to compare the science of geneticsto mathematics in that it consists of some basicprinciples

B) Can the basic rules of genetic inheritance inhuman beings be fully discovered

C) Are geneticists interested in the study of thetransmission of genes

D) Will our understanding of the relationshipbetween an organisms genes and itscharacteristics be more advanced

E) Would the development of the science ofgenetics in the 20th century have been anydifferent

26. ---- that large amounts of Greenlands meltedfreshwater could dilute the salinated water of theGulf Stream.

A) With regard to the new data, it has beenquestioned

B) A team of ecologists from Norway havewondered

C) An increasing number of scientists from aroundthe world believe

D) In view of new evidence, one is puzzled

E) Despite a great deal of reliable evidence, mostenvironmentalists will not be certain

27. ---- , but lets not forget where we live now thatis, our own planet.

A) We have almost completely focused on spaceexploration

B) As scientists, we are able to monitor and predictenvironmental threats

C) Satellite images help researchers trackhurricanes and glacial melting

D) Scientists pose intricate questions about theland, sky and oceans

E) Scientists make precise predictions aboutclimatic changes

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28. As investigators learn more about what ishappening in the brain during the exact momentof insight, ---- .

A) physicians are placing their hopes on stem cells,which have reversed some symptoms inmonkeys

B) one aspect of mental imagery has been more orless neglected

C) the primary visual cortex seemed to be activatedduring the process of imagination

D) people are able to attribute new meanings toobjects in their inner eye

E) all of us want to know what we can do tomaximize the conditions that allow us to havebrilliant thoughts

29. ---- because its ice sheet exerts a tremendousinfluence on many ecological cycles.

A) We probably have more information on nearbyplanets than we do on Greenland

B) The climatic change on Greenland is anindicator of things to come in the rest of theworld

C) What happens on Greenland over the nextdecade does not worry scientists

D) The average temperature on Greenland hasbeen steady in recent years

E) Less than one per cent of all the water on Earthis drinkable and not locked up in ice

30. Scientists worry ---- .

A) so that NASA may develop ways to shieldastronauts from radiation on Mars

B) just as exposure to radiation is a serious dangerfor manned spaceflight

C) unless serious measures are taken to preventfire on a space shuttle

D) that high-energy cosmic rays could cause muchdamage to space shuttles

E) provided that monitoring systems are placedthroughout a spacecraft

31. ---- , it rode aboard the massive Saturn V rocket.

A) Even if the scientists at NASA were concernedabout the quality of the spacecraft Apollo 11

B) Since the spacecraft Apollo 11 had beendesigned by a special team of engineers

C) Whether the spacecraft Apollo 11 was to beused for lunar missions

D) Although a lot of money was spent for thedevelopment of the spacecraft Apollo 11

E) When the spacecraft Apollo 11 went to the Moonin 1969

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32. Sulphur dioxide emissions in Europe, ---- , werereduced by 67% between 1980 and 2000.

A) which contribute to Arctic haze

B) as environmental pollution has adverse effectson our life

C) because there have been serious attempts so far

D) if the melting of the Arctic ice can be prevented

E) since pollution from industry and forest fires hasbecome a major concern

33. By the end of the year, the NASA scientistsshould know for certain ---- .

A) where the colourful images of Mars south polegive indications of water

B) whether there is water on Mars in the form of ice

C) even though water once flowed over the surfaceof Mars

D) as life, similar to our own on Earth, could haveexisted on Mars

E) because the surface of Mars could only havebeen formed by flowing water

34. Future computers will be able to tell us ---- .

A) even if the universe consists mostly of darkmatter and dark energy

B) unless we produce more work for less effortC) so far as human beings can find new sources of

food

D) while landmines in war zones will be detected

E) how we can improve our performance at work

35. ---- , one cannot notice right away that it is

moving.

A) While an iceberg is simply a chunk of ice

B) When glacier ice reaches the sea

C) Since a glacier creeps downhill at a few metres ayear

D) If glacier ice is not static

E) Before a glacier forms from accumulatedsnowfall

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36. 38. sorularda, verilen ngilizce cmleyeanlamca en yakn Trke cmleyi bulunuz.


36. The change in temperature distribution in theArctic would also affect ocean currents in theAtlantic, which would, in turn, influenceatmospheric circulation in the region.

A) Kuzey kutup dairesindeki scaklk deiimiAtlantik okyanusunda akntlar da etkileyeceiiin blgede atmosfer dnm de

deiecektir.B) Kuzey kutbunda scaklk dalmnn deimesi

sonucu, Atlantikteki okyanus akntlar da bunakarlk blgedeki hava dolamn etkileyecektir.

C) Kutuplarda scaklk deiiminin dalmAtlantikte de okyanus akntlar zerinde etkigsterecek, buna bal olarak, blgedekiatmosfer basnc da etkilenecektir.

D) Scaklk dalmnn kutuplardaki deiimiAtlantikte okyanus akntlarna da yansyacak,bu da blgenin hava dolam zerinde etkiliolacaktr.

E) Kuzey kutup blgesinde scaklk dalmndakideime Atlantikteki okyanus akntlarn daetkileyecek, dolaysyla, bu durum blgedekihava dolamn etkileyecektir.

37. Breaking the hypersonic barrier of 6,000 km/h forcommercial air transport is a very seriousresearch field for todays European aircraftmanufacturers.

A) Gnmzde, Avrupal hava tat reticilerininok ciddi bir aratrma alan da, ticari havatamaclnda 6.000 km/slik hiper ses hzsnrn aabilmektir.

B) Ticari hava tamacl iin, gnmzdeAvrupal hava tat reticilerinin ok ciddi biraratrma alan 6.000 km/slik hiper ses hzsnrnn almas konusudur.

C) Ticari hava tamaclndaki 6.000 km/slik hiperses hz snrn amak, gnmz Avrupal havatat reticileri iin ok ciddi bir aratrmaalandr.

D) 6.000 km/slik hiper ses hz snrn amak,gnmzde Avrupal hava tat reticilerininticari tamaclkta ok ciddi bir aratrma alanhaline gelmitir.

E) Ticari hava tamacl iin 6.000 km/slik hiperses hz snrn amak, gnmzde Avrupalhava tat reticileri iin ok ciddi bir aratrmaalan olarak grlmektedir.

38. By stimulating dead brain tissue, neuroscientistshave concluded that a specific receptor found in

the outer layer of neurons functions differently inschizophrenic brains.

A) l beyin dokularn uyaran sinirbilimciler,izofren hastalarda sinirlerin d katmanndakibir tr reseptrn daha farkl ilev gsterdiiniortaya koymulardr.

B) Sinirbilimcilerin l beyin dokularn uyarmalar,izofrenlilerin beyinlerinde bulunan zel birreseptrn sinirlerin d katmannda farklilevler gsterdiini kantlamtr.

C) Sinirbilimciler, l beyin dokularnn uyarlmasdurumunda, sinirlerin d katmannda bulunan

zel bir reseptrn izofren hastalarnbeyinlerinde farkl tepkilere neden olduunuanlamlardr.

D) l beyin dokularn uyararak, sinirbilimcilersinirlerin d katmannda bulunan belirli birreseptrn izofrenik beyinlerde farkl biimdeilev gsterdii sonucuna varmlardr.

E) Sinirbilimcilerin elde ettii sonulara gre, lbeyin dokularnn uyarlmas yznden, sinirlerind katmannda yer alan belirli bir reseptrizofren hasta beyinlerinde daha farklalmaktadr.

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39. 41. sorularda, verilen Trke cmleyeanlamca en yakn ngilizce cmleyi bulunuz.


39. Tek bir trn yok olmas ok etkili deildir amabir ikinci, nc veya daha fazla sayda tr yokolduunda ekosistemin tutarll tehdit altnagirer.

A) The disappearance of a single species is notdramatic but when a second, third, or greaternumber of species becomes extinct, the stability

of the ecosystem is threatened.

B) The stability of an ecosystem is not threatenedby the disappearance of a single species butwith the extinction of a second or third species,the risk becomes dramatic.

C) Not only is the disappearance of a singlespecies dramatic but the extinction of a second,third, or greater number of species alsothreatens the stability of the ecosystem.

D) While the disappearance of a single speciesmay not be dramatic, when a second, third, orgreater number of species becomes extinct itmay threaten the stability of the ecosystem.

E) When a single species disappears, there is nocause for alarm; however, with the extinction of asecond, third, or greater number of species, thevery stability of the ecosystem is threatened.

40. 2006 yaznda Marsn atmosferinde oluanbulutlar, ilk defa olarak beklenmeyen birykseklikte, scakln -193C olduu 80-100 kmarasnda gzlemlendi.

A) At an unexpected height of 80 to 100 km and atemperature of -193C, cloud formations wereobserved in the atmosphere of Mars for the firsttime in the summer of 2006.

B) Scientists observed clouds in the atmosphere ofMars for the first time in the summer of 2006, atthe unusual height of between 80 and 100 km,where the temperature is -193C.

C) For the first time in the summer of 2006, cloudswere observed forming in the atmosphere ofMars at an extreme height between 80 and 100km with a temperature of -193C.

D) In the summer of 2006, clouds forming in theatmosphere of Mars were observed for the firsttime at an unexpected height between 80 and100 km, where the temperature was -193C.

E) Clouds were observed forming in theatmosphere of Mars for the first time since thesummer of 2006 at an unusual height between80 and 100 km, where the temperature is-193C.

41. Dil teknolojilerinin en byk ilerleme gsterdiiuygulama alanlarndan biri ses komutuyla alanev aletleri alandr.

A) Voice command operated domestic appliancesconstitute the field of application in whichlanguage technology is progressing the fastest.

B) One of the fields of application in whichlanguage technology is progressing the most isthat of domestic appliances operated by voicecommand.

C) One of the newest and most exciting fields ofapplication for language technology is that ofdomestic appliances operated by voicecommand.

D) Domestic appliances which are operated byvoice command are an interesting, if not new,application of language technology.

E) Language technologys most profitable andpromising field of application is surely domesticappliances operated by voice command.

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42. 46. sorularda, bo brak lan yere,parada anlam btnln salamak iingetirilebilecek cmleyi bulunuz.


42. Is there such a thing as a gay brain? ---- . Gaymen tended to have brains that were more likethose of straight women than of straight men

the right and left sides were about the samesize, the researchers found. Gay womens brainstended to be more like those of straight men thanof straight women the right side tended to be

slightly larger than the left.

A) Such research is full of uncertainty, and it couldnot rule out the possibility that the findings werethe result of changes that occurred in responseto experiences and behaviours, rather thanbeing inborn

B) Some scientists say the new findings are part ofan increasingly convincing body of evidence thatsuggests sexual orientation results fromfundamental developmental differences that areprobably caused by hormonal exposures in thewomb

C) Some scientists remain sceptical, saying thatthere has been a history of jumping toconclusions and over-interpreting findings in thefield of human sexual orientation

D) In 1991, brain scientists reported that thehypothalamus, which is involved in sexualbehaviour, tended to be smaller in gay men thanin straight men

E) To find out, scientists used magnetic resonanceimaging, or MRI, to compare the symmetry of thebrains of 25 straight men and 25 straightwomen with those of 20 gay men and 20 gay

women

43. In 1815, on the Indonesian island of Sumbawa,Mount Tambora blew up in the largest volcaniceruption in recorded history, ejecting 20 times theamount of rock that flew from Vesuvius in 79 A.D.

Superhot ash and rock burned or buried all in itspath, including the tiny kingdom of Tambora. Thedeath toll was 92,000. Wind-blown clouds fromthe 27-mile-high plume of ash dimmed the Sunsrays. ---- . After the eruption, Sumbawa waslargely uninhabited for decades.

A) Scientists have uncovered three houses underten feet of ash near Tambora

B) As a result of the darkness, crops in thesurrounding regions failed, and many peoplewent hungry

C) Volcanologists are searching the area with

ground-penetrating radarD) Archaeologists will continue excavating the area

E) Some scientists say that Tambora could be thePompeii of the East

44. The honeybees that pollinate agricultural crops inthe US were bred from stock originally broughtover from Europe in the 1600s. ---- . Whether

caused by a new insecticide, disease, or a mix ofstressors, the losses have resulted in a greatdeal of research and a query: Could native beestake their place? Of the thousands of US species,some efficiently tend crops like apples andalfalfa. A few, like the orchard mason bee, arealready in commercial use. Advocates arefighting to preserve wild and weedy lands thatsupport these natives.

A) The US honey yield for 2006 was 155 millionpounds, and 33% of the US diet was tied tohoneybee services

B) The big, social colonies of honeybees are idealfor commercial pollination, and entire coloniesare often transported to different farms

C) However, some once common native beespecies are in decline and data on others areincomplete

D) Honeybees remain important workers in the US,where the value of their pollination work is $14.6billion a year

E) Since 2006, however, hundreds of thousands ofthese honeybees have died out in what is beingcalled colony collapse disorder

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45. The biofuels currently manufactured in the USare doing great things for some farmers andsome large agricultural companies, but little forthe environment. The corn used to manufacture

ethanol requires large doses of herbicide andnitrogen fertilizer and can cause more soilerosion than any other crop. ---- . Biodiesel fromsoybeans is only slightly better.Environmentalists also fear that rising prices forboth crops will push farmers to plow up some 35million acres of marginal farmland now set asidefor soil and wildlife conservation, potentiallyreleasing even more carbon from the soil inthose fields.

A) Unlike the ancient carbon unlocked by theburning of fossil fuels, the carbon in biofuelscomes from the atmosphere and is returned

there when the fuels are burnedB) Such renewable fuels could also improve the US

economy and help it to become less dependenton other countries

C) The boom in corn production has pushed cornprices to levels not seen in years, causing USgrowers to plant the largest crop since WorldWar II

D) Additionally, producing corn ethanol consumesjust about as much fossil fuel as the ethanolitself replaces

E) The key to intelligent biofuel production is tolearn how to make it from plant material otherthan food, such as plant stalks, grasses, fast-growing trees, or even algae

46. ---- . Forests are dying, most impressively byburning. The damage done by wildfires in the US,the vast majority of them in the western states,has increased greatly since the late 1980s. In

2006, nearly ten million acres were destroyed.With temperatures in the region up by 2C overthe past 30 years, spring is coming sooner to thewestern mountains. The snowpack alreadydiminished by drought melts earlier in the year,drying the land and creating perfect conditionsfor wildfires. As hotter summers extend intoautumn, the fires are ending later as well.

A) People in the western part of the US are not yetsuffering from water shortage, but trees are

B) It is thought that precipitation in the south-western US will decline steadily over the nextfew decades

C) The fires are not only more frequent; they arealso hotter and more damaging

D) Most forests in the southwest of the US havealways burned frequently, but at low intensity

E) The typical tree bears the marks of many suchfires, with black scars where the flamesconsumed the bark

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47. 51. sorularda, karlkl konuman nbo brak lan ksmn tamamlayabilecekifadeyi bulunuz.


47. Fred :- I am sure you are familiar with Darwins theory

of evolution, arent you?

Student :- Well, I cant say I am. Can you summarize it for

me?

Fred :- ----

Student :- Now I can understand clearly what he meant by

his theory.

A) I would suggest that Darwins theoryrevolutionized our perception of life science.

B) Simple. For Darwin, new species arise naturallyby a process of evolution.

C) It would be useful first to do some research onDarwins theory.

D) Let me first urge you to do some reading in lifescience.

E) Before we discuss the theory, lets rememberhow Darwin formed his theory.

48. Karen :- Did you know that nicotine actually changes

the structure of the brain in a way that maycause addiction?

Scott :- ----

Karen :- And thats not all; between 1998 and 2004,

tobacco companies increased the amount ofnicotine in cigarettes.

A) Yes, and ten per cent of new smokers becomeaddicted within only two days!

B) But arent there new anti-smoking medications?

C) Thats right; after one smoke-free year, the riskof coronary artery disease is reduced by half.

D) I read that each year more than 19 millionpeople try to quit smoking.

E) Most people who want to stop smoking try manytimes before they succeed.

49. Brian :- Have you ever heard of exoplanets?

Duncan :- Exoplanets? No. What are they?

Brian :- ----

Duncan :- So you mean they are extrasolar planets

orbiting their own suns.

A) The vast majority of exoplanets use what iscalled the radial-velocity method.

B) Well, most of these planets are of a type knownas hot gas giants.

C) So far, some 300 such bodies have been

detected.

D) Put simply, they are planets outside our ownsolar system.

E) They are planets with their own life forms.

50. Stephen :- Currently, the plastics industry is undergoing a

major change.

Timothy :- How do you mean?

Stephen :- ----

Timothy :- That is good news because, as you know,

petrochemicals have adverse environmentaleffects.

A) Plastic shopping bags, which are produced frompetrochemical materials, are widely usedthroughout the world.

B) As you know, the plastics industry has alwaysdepended on petrochemicals as raw material.

C) It is a fact that the production and burning ofpetrochemical plastics increases CO

2levels in

the atmosphere.

D) Evidently, recycling bioplastics into fuel couldreduce concerns about the use of food crops inbiofuels production.

E) There is a radical shift in the industry frompetrochemicals to bio-based renewablepolymers.

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51. Anthony :- Our research shows that the continents

contain rocks up to 4 billion years old.

Simon :- That is amazing, isnt it?

Anthony :- ----

A) To the contrary. We have found evidence thatsupports the theory of plate tectonics, whichexplains how plates converge and disperse.

B) According to the theory of plate tectonics, theEarth has a rigid outer layer known as thelithosphere.

C) Indeed. Its really dazzling to think of how thelandmasses we see around us today wereformed billions of years ago.

D) As most scientists suggest, over millions ofyears, mountains rise where plates collide, andoceans form where plates diverge.

E) In fact, it is generally accepted that almost all ofthe oceanic floor is less than 180 million yearsold.

52. 56. sorularda, cmleler s ras ylaokunduunda parann anlam btnlnbozan cmleyi bulunuz.


52. (I) More people than ever before live in areasvulnerable to natural disasters. (II) For averagecitizens, this research translates to better

preparedness when faced with the unexpected.(III) Over a billion people live under the shadow ofthe worlds 1,900 active volcanoes, yet only a fewof these volcanoes are adequately monitored.(IV) Accurate weather forecasting is the bestdefence against hurricanes, but landfallpredictions remain inaccurate by an average of70 miles, and many hurricane warnings gounheeded. (V) Tsunamis can form too quickly foran official warning, but recognizing theimmediate signs, such as a rapidly recedingocean, can give people precious minutes toreach safety.

A) I B) II C) III D) IV E) V

53. (I) Moving slowly helps the pygmy three-toedsloth escape the notice of predators. (II) Thesloth can move quickly when threatened, butgenerally expends no more energy than is

necessary to hang around all day eating leaves.(III) Confined to one remote island that separatedfrom Panama long ago, this smaller cousin ofmainland sloths has managed to survive quietlyso far, but any disruption to its habitat could havehuge consequences. (IV) Algae that sometimescoats its fur adds another level of camouflage.(V) Nearby development could well be the end ofit.


54. (I) The magnificent Philippine eagle is one of theplanets most endangered birds of prey. (II) Thereis no competition for prey from tigers, leopards,

bears, or wolves in the Philippine islands, theeagles only home, so it became the top predatorin the rain forest. (III) However, with deforestationrates in the Philippines among the highest in theworld, the eagle has been reduced to apopulation estimated at several hundredbreeding pairs. (IV) The forest that allowed themto prosper is almost gone, and if the forestdisappears, the eagle will become extinct. (V) Aseries of devastating floods and mud slides inthe past decade has convinced Filipinos that theloss of forest affects not just wildlife, but peopletoo.


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55. (I) The global climate is changing as it alwayshas; species will go extinct as they always have;other species will prosper. (II) Humans may beinfluencing the change, but they didnt create the

change. (III) Global warming is as dynamic asmany other earthly processes. (IV) Of course it isimportant to monitor which changes are beinginfluenced by humans, but it must beremembered that change is natural, and Earthwill continue to change no matter what humansmay or may not do. (V) Humans as a speciesmust accept this, and figure out how best toadapt to the change, not how to control it.


56. (I) The fate of the polar-region ice sheets willdetermine how much the sea level rises in thecoming century. (II) Under the frozen surfaces ofHimalayan glaciers on the flanks of Mount

Everest and its fellow giant peaks, caves windthrough the ice. (III) They follow twisting pathscarved out by flowing meltwater, with unusualunderground formations and narrow passagesthat open into huge galleries. (IV) The waymeltwater moves inside glaciers is poorlyunderstood, so scientists are going beneath thesurface to track how water eats away at glaciersfrom the inside. (V) What we see on the surface isjust part of the story.


5 dakika dinlenme aras.

Seeneklerinizi saynz.

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57. - 80. sorular


Her bir metin ve buna ait 4 soruyucevaplamak iin toplam 10 dakika ayrnz.

57. 60. sorular aadaki paraya grecevaplaynz.

Dark matter is the invisible and mysteriousmaterial that makes up 22 per cent of the stuff inthe universe. It is one of the greatest scientificunknowns. It does not emit light; nor does itreflect light or absorb it. While we are unable tosee dark matter itself, we are able to create mapsof it. We can clearly pinpoint its location byobserving the effects of its mass on light fromdistant galaxies. This can be explained withreference to Einstein, who points out that amassive object will curve the fabric of space andthat light will follow this deformed path. So wecan look at how light from galaxies has beenbent and, consequently, infer the quantity andlocation of the matter that did the bending. In

fact, by using this method, a team of astronomershave recently managed to create the first three-dimensional map of the immense structure ofdark matter.

57. One understands from the passage that dark

matter ---- .A) has a very complex structure that has caused

much controversy among astronomers

B) has been thoroughly explored and studied by anumber of astronomers

C) accounts for more than half of the material thatmakes up the universe

D) has a bending effect on the light that comes fromdistant galaxies

E) with its great mass was already known byEinstein and a team of astronomers

58. It is pointed out in the passage that the mappingof dark matter ---- .

A) has only been possible on the basis of a theoryformulated by Einstein

B) has been an easy task for astronomers, sincethey know its exact location

C) was originally suggested by Einstein, but it isonly now that this has been achieved

D) has revealed a much closer and more extensiveinteraction among galaxies

E) was first attempted by Einstein, who had alreadystudied the light emitted by galaxies

59. It is clear from the passage that the mass andsize of dark matter ---- .

A) have been measured through the use of a three-dimensional map of space

B) have ceased to be one of the greatest mysteriesever known in science

C) distort the fabric of space and, therefore, cannotbe explored properly

D) are so immense that it is out of question to studythem in detail

E) can only be understood through the curvesmade by the light from galaxies

60. One can maintain that the passage ---- .

A) focuses solely on the process whereby Einsteinwas able to locate dark matter

B) deals with the nature of dark matter and how itspresence has been revealed

C) clearly explains where in space dark matter canbe located and observed

D) sheds a great deal of light on the amount ofresearch astronomers have done

E) largely dwells on the question of how light fromgalaxies becomes curved in space

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Using coal to make electricity accounts for abouta third of Americas carbon emissions. As aresult, tackling emissions from coal-fired powerplants represents our best opportunity to makesharp reductions in greenhouse gases.Fortunately, the United States already has thetechnology to do that. Unfortunately, right nowthe country is addicted to coal, a cheap,abundant power source. Burning coal producesmore than half the countrys electricity, despiteits immense human and environmental costs. Airpollutants from coal-fired power plants causesomewhere between 20,000 and 30,000premature deaths in the United States each year.Besides, fifty tons of mercury are pumped intothe atmosphere annually from coal plants. Inaddition, the extraction of coal, from WestVirginia to Wyoming, devastates the physicalenvironment, and its processing and burningproduce gigantic volumes of waste.

61. It is stated in the passage that coal-fired powerplants in the United States ---- .

A) are noted for lower carbon emissions than otherkinds of power plants

B) are concentrated in West Virginia and Wyomingmore than in any other area

C) produce a great amount of the countryselectricity

D) are blamed more for mercury emissions than forcarbon emissions

E) have caused widespread environmentaldestruction in West Virginia and Wyoming

62. Emphasis is put on the fact that the United States---- .

A) has the ability to drastically decreasegreenhouse gases in the country

B) has developed efficient technologies for theprevention of environmental pollution

C) is the only country in the world that largelydepends on coal for its energy needs

D) has made great technological advances inprocessing large amounts of waste

E) is seriously concerned about the human andenvironmental effects of its energy policy

63. As one learns from the passage, coal ---- .

A) has always been used as a primary source ofenergy, but new technologies are needed toextract it more cheaply

B) is so abundant in America that more and morecoal-fired power plants are being constructedthroughout the country

C) is extracted in gigantic amounts in West Virginiaand Wyoming, since these two states have therichest reserves in the country

D) is so indispensable for the production of

electricity that nobody is concerned about itsadverse effects on the environment

E) is a major power source in America, although ithas various human and environmentaldisadvantages

64. In the passage, the writer ---- .

A) clearly explains the adverse effects that coal-fired power plants have in America

B) criticizes the United States government for notfollowing a clear energy policy

C) is fully in favour of the use of coal, as it is areadily-available and cheap energy source

D) calls for the development of new technologies forthe reduction of carbon emissions

E) is worried about how gigantic volumes of powerplant waste can be efficiently treated

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According to the most accurate scientific theoryever created and generally known as thestandard model, all of space is filled with amysterious stuff called the Higgs field. Unlikemagnetic or gravitational fields, which vary fromplace to place (as, for instance, the fact thatthings weigh more on Earth than on the surfaceof the Moon), the Higgs field is exactly the sameeverywhere. What varies is how the differentfundamental particles interact with it. Thatinteraction, the theory goes, is what givesparticles mass. In other words, the Higgs field iswhat makes some particles, such as protons andneutrons, relatively heavy, others (like electrons)subatomic lightweights, and still others (likephotons) utterly massless. If photons werent solight, a person would be shredded by a photonhailstorm every time he or she was exposed to asunbeam. Then again, if protons and neutronswerent so heavy, one wouldnt dare to go outsideto sunbathe anyway. So without mass and itsaffinity for gravity, there would be no galaxies, nostars, and no us.

65. One learns from the passage that, in magnetic or

gravitational fields, ---- .A) photons have an equal mass to that of protons

and neutrons

B) things do not interact at all and are thereforemassless

C) the weight of things is never the same, butchanges according to location

D) there are still many mysteries that need to beexplained accurately

E) it is not clear how different fundamental particlesinteract with each other

66. It is emphasized in the passage that mass ---- .

A) is the weight of a thing and is wholly dependenton gravity

B) is fundamentally different from weight and thetwo terms should not be confused

C) can only be observed in magnetic andgravitational fields

D) shows no difference on Earth and on the surfaceof the Moon

E) is essentially a function of how particles interactwith the Higgs field

67. As is pointed out in the passage, the Higgs field---- .

A) covers space completely and is of ahomogeneous nature

B) has the same characteristics as a magnetic orgravitational field

C) has been known for centuries and led to thetheory of gravity

D) has had no impact on the formation of galaxies

and starsE) is only related to the interactions of photons,

protons, and neutrons

68. In the passage, attention is drawn to the fact that

the theory of the Higgs field ---- .A) has been used as the standard model for an

explanation of magnetic fields

B) is absolutely reliable and sheds light on how theuniverse was formed

C) helps us understand how to avoid the dangerouseffects of solar rays

D) constitutes the basis of nuclear physics, since itis concerned with nuclear elements

E) is indispensable for an understanding of theMoons gravity and its effects

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Hurricanes, which are circular storms spinningaround a region of low atmospheric pressure, arepowered by energy released by spiralling surfacewinds that draw heat from the ocean. Warmerseas provide more energy and make hurricanesstronger. This is what happened during HurricaneKatrina in August 2005, which submerged NewOrleans and the vicinity. In fact, according toclimate scientists, both the intensity anddestructiveness of hurricanes have increasedmarkedly since the 1970s. In other words, theenergy released by an average hurricane appearsto have increased by about 70 per cent within thepast 30 years. This increase correlates veryclosely with rises in sea surface temperatures.Furthermore, tropical oceans have warmed aboutone degree Fahrenheit in the past 50 years, a risethat is believed to be chiefly the result of globalwarming.

69. One understands from the passage thatHurricane Katrina was obviously extremelydestructive because ---- .

A) no measures had been taken over the last 30years to protect New Orleans and itssurroundings

B) New Orleans, situated so close to the ocean,

has always had adverse effects on globalwarming

C) at the time, global warming affected the NewOrleans area more than anywhere else

D) the increasingly warm ocean must have providedit with an unusual amount of energy

E) climate scientists did not believe that such ahurricane could happen in the New Orleans area

70. It is suggested in the passage that globalwarming ---- .

A) has always been considered to be the singlemost important cause of hurricanes throughout

the world

B) has been a major topic of research amongclimate scientists over the past 50 years or so

C) is most intense in regions where atmosphericpressure is very low and sea surfacetemperatures very high

D) was first recognized by climate scientists in the1970s and has always been correlated withhurricanes

E) may have played a major role over the years inthe rise of temperature in the oceans in tropical

regions

71. It is explained in the passage that a hurricane---- .

A) can only be destructive so long as the surfacetemperatures of tropical oceans continue to risesteadily

B) releases its energy when the temperature of thesea surface increases markedly and causesspiralling winds

C) develops from spiralling surface winds that,

according to climate scientists, mostly happen intropical regions

D) is a storm that has a circular pattern and movesquickly around an area of low atmosphericpressure

E) derives its energy from the oceans, whosesurface temperature has changed very little overthe past 50 years

72. One of the points emphasized in the passage isthat, over the last 30 years, ---- .

A) the average hurricanes energy has risen byalmost three-quarters

B) Katrina has been the only destructive hurricanein the New Orleans area

C) climate scientists have made no progress inunderstanding hurricanes

D) there has been a marked decrease in thestrength of spiralling surface winds

E) a great deal of research has been doneregarding the causes of global warming

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Rivers and streams generally supportcommunities of organisms quite different fromthose of lakes and ponds. A river or streamchanges greatly between its source and the pointat which it empties into a lake or the sea. Nearthe source, a streams water is usually cold, lowin nutrients, and clear. The channel is oftennarrow, with a swift current that does not allowmuch silt to accumulate on the bottom. Most ofthe organisms found here are supported by thephotosynthesis of algae attached to rocks or byorganic material, such as leaves, carried into thestream from the surrounding land. Downstream,a river or stream generally widens and slows. Thewater is usually warmer and may be cloudierbecause of sediments and other particlessuspended in it. Worms and insects that burrowinto the mud are abundant, as are waterfowl,frogs, fish, and other water animals.

73. It is maintained in the passage that, near the endof its course, a river or stream ---- .

A) flows so fast that no sediment or silt

accumulates on the bottomB) becomes so polluted that no use can be made of

its water

C) shows a significant ecological and physicaldifference from its source

D) is usually rich in algae indispensable for thesurvival of various water animals

E) loses much of its nutrient capacity and turns intoa muddy waterway

74. A point made in the passage is that theorganisms found in rivers and streams ---- .

A) live in the silt that is formed by the accumulationof various kinds of organic material

B) are completely consumed by waterfowl, frogs,and fish

C) are more abundant nearer to the source

D) depend on worms and insects for their foodrather than on algae and other nutrients

E) are quite unlike the ones found in lakes andponds

75. As is clear from the passage, there is a sharpcontrast between ---- .

A) the variety of waterfowl upstream anddownstream

B) rivers and lakes as regards the kind of waterplants found in them

C) the kinds of organic material found upstreamand downstream

D) the quality of the water at a rivers source and

downstreamE) the types of organisms found in different rivers

and streams

76. The passage gives us ---- .

A) a biological and ecological description of riversand streams

B) a warning about the dangers of pollution in riversand streams

C) a full picture of the kinds of organisms found inrivers and lakes

D) an insight into adverse environmental effects onrivers and streams

E) an account of how water animals, includingworms and insects, feed

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People have been pushing into forestlands forthousands of years, but during the last century,scientists say, the rate of global forest reductionhas reached alarming levels. About 50 millionacres of forest are cleared every year. Much ofEuropes original forests are gone. The forests ofNorth America, which once dominated thelandscape, have shrunk by almost 40% in the lasttwo centuries to make room for people and meetthe demand for lumber and paper. Not only havemany of the animals that depend on theseecosystems disappeared, but various species of

trees have also been depleted. Timber farms onland that once sustained natural forests havelittle of the biodiversity of the original forests,with pesticides and other chemicals allowing theland to support only a few kinds of life.

77. The passage as a whole deals with ---- .

A) the process of deforestation in Europe takingplace over thousands of years

B) the steps taken for the restoration of lostforestlands in North America

C) the biodiversity that the lost forests of Europeonce had

D) the alarming question of deforestation and itsharmful impact on ecosystems

E) the uses of pesticides and chemicals for theprotection of forestlands

78. It is claimed in the passage that forest farmsplanted for timber ---- .

A) can be most useful in recovering the lost

forestlands in EuropeB) lack the extensive biodiversity found in natural

forests

C) have a beneficial impact on the environmentbecause of the variety of trees there

D) have become widespread in North America andare preferable to natural forests

E) have increased throughout the world over thelast two centuries

79. According to the passage, it is over the lastcentury that ---- .

A) deforestation in the world has becomedangerously extensive

B) scientists have become aware of the variety ofecosystems in North America

C) the paper industry in America has becomedependent on forest farms

D) solutions for the conservation of naturalforestlands have gone into effect

E) the reduction of natural forests has been broughtunder control

80. It is stressed in the passage that, over the lasttwo centuries, ---- .

A) the demand in the world for lumber and paperhas reached alarming levels

B) many lost species of trees have been recoveredin Europes forestlands

C) no pesticides and chemicals have been allowedin North Americas forests

D) nearly half of North Americas forestlands havebeen cleared for various reasons

E) the area of natural forests has been sustained

throughout the world

Kalan 30 dakika srenin 15 dakikasn hibakamadnz sorular iin kullanabilirsiniz. Dahance zerinde uratnz sorulara tekrar geridnmeyiniz.

Son 15 dakikalk sreyi asla soru zerekgeirmeyiniz. Bu sre zarfnda seeneklerinizi

saynz ve bo braktnz sorular, cevapkadnzda sayca en az kan seenee greiaretleyiniz.

TEST BTT.

CEVAPLARINIZI KONTROL EDNZ.

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DS DENEME SINAVIFEN BLMLER - 14CEVAP ANAHTARI

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Soru 1. deep-ocean margin = denizin, okyanuslar ile karalar arasnda kalan ksmstretch from ... to ... =(bir yer)den (bir yer)e uzanmakArctic = (the Arctic eklinde kullanlr) Kuzey Kutup blgesiMediterranean = (the Mediterranean eklinde kullanlr) Akdeniz (Avrupa, Asya ve Afrika ktalarnn

arasnda kalan, Trkiyenin gneyinde yer alan deniz)Black Sea = (the Black Sea eklinde kullanlr) Karadeniz (Trkiyenin kuzeyinde yer alan deniz)contain = iermek, barndrmak, be home tobiological = biyolojik (biyoloji ile ilgili)resource = kaynak, supplyextension = byme, genileme, uzatma, development, expansion, zt anl.= curtailment, shrinkageinfluence = etki, tesir, nfuz, effect, impactabundance = bolluk, okluk, zenginlik, copiousness, wealth, zt anl.= scarcityelement = e, eleman, unsurassumption = varsaym, farz etme, san, supposition

Soru 2. cloud seeding = bulut tohumlama (bulutlarn iine uaklar veya toplar yardmyla baz kimyasal

tozlar gndermek sureti ile yamur yadrma teknii)attempt =giriimde bulunmak, teebbs etmek, tryprecipitation =yadisperse = samak, datmak, yaymak, spread,zt anl.= accumulate, gathersilver iodide = gm iyodr (tpta, fotoraflkta ve yapay yamur oluturmada kullanlan donuksar renkli bir bileik)particle = parackquite = olduka, pek, epeyprove =kantlamak, ispatlamak, confirm, establish,zt anl.= disprove, denywhether (or not) = olup olmadn, (yap)p (yap)mayacan, (I am not sure whether or not he isguilty. = Onun sulu olup olmadndan emin deilim.)actually = aslnda, gerekten, aslna baklrsa, as a matter of fact, to tell the truth, in factwork = ie yaramak, iyi sonu vermek, (This cheap stain remover works wonders. = Bu ucuz lekekarc harikalar yaratyor.)valuable =deerliconfidential =gizli, secret, zt anl.= open, publicessential = 1) asl, esas, temel, fundamental, zt anl.= incidental, peripheral; 2) gerekli, zaruri, cru-cial, vital, zt anl.= inessentialfascinating = ok ilgin, etkileyici, byleyici, interesting, attractive, zt anl.= boring, dullcontroversial = hakknda konuulan, tartma konusu olan, tartmal, ihtilafl, debatable, zt anl.=uncontroversial, unquestionable

Soru 3. frozen = donmuGreenland = Grnland (Atlas Okyanusunun kuzeyinde, Kuzey Kutbuna yakn bir yerde yer alan vesiyasi olarak Danimarkaya ait bulunan byk bir ada)

melt = erimekrecent = (yakn gemiten bahsederken) en son, en yakn / yeni, late, current,zt anl.= pastresearch = aratrmaextent = kapsam, oran, byklk, derece (etki, bilgi vs.), degreesnowmelt = kar erimesiincrease = artmak, oalmak, ykselmek, grow, rise,zt anl.= decrease, fall, dropvaguely = tam anlamn vermeyecek ekilde, belli belirsiz, ambiguously,zt anl.= clearly, explicitlyroughly =kabaca, yaklak olarak, aa yukar, approximately, about, more or less, zt anl.= accu-rately, exactlyscarcely = nadiren, glkle, ok az, barely, hardly,zt anl.= enough, sufficiently, (She is not a f riendof mine. I scarcely know her. = O benim arkadam deil, onu ok az tanyorum.)drastically = radikal ekilde, byk lde, sert ekilde, hugely, zt anl.= mildly

marginally = dk / nemsiz / ufak miktarda, minimally, slightly, zt anl.= grossly, vastly

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Soru 4. percent (ya da per cent) = yzdeexcess = ar, (haddinden) fazla, (He is trying to lose excess weight. = Fazla ki lolarndankurtulmaya alyor.)

nitrogen = nitrojen, azot (canllarn yapsnda bolca bulunan, atmosferin yaklak drtte noluturan, doada genellikle renksiz ve kokusuz bir gaz halinde bulunan element)overfertilization = ar gbrelemeocean = okyanusvia = aracl ile, by, throughfield = tarlaexpel = kovmak, azletmek, defetmek, karmak, throw out, get rid of, dismissflow = akmak, run

Soru 5. Space Observatories in School = Uzay Gzlemevleri Okullarda (okul a ocuklarna uzayla ilgilieitim vermek iin yrtlen bir tr program)aware of = (bir ey)in farknda, zt anl.= unaware of

opportunity = frsat, prospect, chancefundamental sciences = temel bilimler (fizik, biyoloji, kimya, matematik gibi, dier bilimlerin kkn/ k noktasn oluturan bilim alanlar), natural sciencesespecially = zellikle, zel olarak, particularly, in particular, specifically,zt anl.= generally, in generalthose = (soruda fundamental sciences yerine gemi olan zamir)related to = (bir ey) ile ilgili / balantl, connected with/to, zt anl.= unrelated to, irrelevant touniverse = evren, cosmosthink over = (bir ey) zerinde dnmekbuild in = dahil etmek, iine katmakmake up =dzenlemek, hazrlamak, oluturmak, uydurmak, tekil etmek, comprise, compose,form, inventset up = (sistem, bina vs.) kurmak, oluturmak, institute, found,zt anl.= abolishfind out = renmek, haberdar olmak, farkna varmak, anlamak

Soru 6. century = yzyl, asrCentral America = Orta Amerika (Kuzey Amerika ktasnn Meksikann gneyinde yer alan,Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nikaragua, Kosta Rika ve Panamay ieren ksm)appear = 1) ortaya kmak, belirmek, emerge, arise, zt anl.= disappear, vanish, fade; 2) (gibi)grnmek, seem, lookEuropean = Avrupal, Avrupaya ait, Avrupa ile ilgil imap = harita, chartscheme = hareket plan, proje, dzen, tertip, strategy,(If one scheme of happiness fails, humannature turns to another. = Eer bir mutluluk plan baarszla urarsa, insan doas bir bakaplana ynelir.)canal = kanal (gemilerin gemesine olanak tanyacak kadar geni yapay suyolu)

set off = 1)altrmak, balatmak, start; 2) (bir ie) girimek; 3) yola kmakput forward = nermek, ne karmak, ileri srmek, (fikir vs. iin) ortaya atmak, assert, proposerun down = 1) ktlemek, aleyhinde konumak; 2) azal(t)mak, kl(t)mektake up =1) ele almak, balamak, start; 2) (gaz, sv) tutmak, iine almak, absorb;3)(sre)doldurmak, kullanmak, (zaman) almaksend off= 1)(mektup, paket vs.) gndermek, postaya vermek; 2) yolcu etmek

Soru 7. predict=tahmin etmek, ngrmek, anticipate, guesscurrent = mevcut, imdiki, halihazrdaki, gncel, contemporary, presentrate = 1) hz, srat, pace;2) oran, nispetdeforestation = ormanszlatrma, zt anl.= afforestationrain forest = yamur orman (yksek miktarda ya alan ve yksek dzeyde biyoeitlilik ieren

orman)

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a great many of = birok, hayli, a large number ofspecies = (hem tekil hem oul) cins, trsupport = beslemek, barndrmak, desteklemek, arka kmakcompletely = tamamen, btnyle, entirely, totally, zt anl.= partly, partially

the turn of = (bir ey)in sonu ile takip edenin ba aras, dnm noktas, (the turn of the 22nd century= 22. yzyln ba)continue = devam etmek, srmek, carry on, go on, zt anl.= end, terminatedisappear = ortadan kalkmak, yok olmak, kaybolmak, vanish,zt anl.= appear, emerge

Soru 8. cosmologist = kozmolog, evren bilimci (evrenin genel yaps ve oluumu ile ilgilenen astronom)amount = miktar, quantitymatter = madde, zdekearly = erken, (tarihsel olarak) nce gelen, zt anl.= lateantimatter = antimadde, karmadde (normal madde ile temas ettiinde onu ve kendini yok ederekenerji aa karan, antintron, antiproton ve pozitron gibi antiparacklardan oluan madde tr)annihilate = yok etmek, wipe out,obliterate

create = yaratmak, oluturmak, produceexcess = fazlalk, artk, arlk, surplus, zt anl.= shortagelead to =(bir ey)e yol amak, neden olmak, causehappen = olmak, meydana gelmek, occur, take place

Soru 9. spacecraft = uzay aracMars Global Surveyor = NASAnn 1996 ylnda frlatt ve 2006 ylna kadar Mars gezegeniniinceleyen insansz uzay aracsurface = yzeyconsiderable = hatr saylr, byk, hayli, fazla, nemli, sizable, substantial, zt anl.= little,insignificantmagnetic = manyetik (manyetizma ile ilgili)anomaly = anomali (anormal / olaan d durum, tuhaflk)identify = tan(m)lamak, determineintrigue = merak veya ilgisini ekmekplanet = gezegen

Soru 10. coral reef = mercan kayal / resifi (len mercanlarn kirelemesi ile olumu olan kayalk yap)bleaching = beyazlat(l)ma, aartmacause (fiil) = neden olmak, yol amakEl Nio = Dou Pasifik blgesinde noel zamanna yakn ortaya kmas sebebiyle ocuk sayaatfen, spanyolca ocuk anlamna gelen El Nio ismi verilmi olan byk apl su scakldalgalanmalar, bundan kaynaklanan kasrga ve dier atmosferik olaylar btnrecovery = (hastalktan, yok olmaktan vs.) kurtulma, iyileme, healing, revival,zt anl.= deterioration,worsening

protected = koruma altndakiillegal = yasa d, kanuna aykr, illicit, prohibited, zt anl.= legal, legitimateharvest = (rn) toplamak, rn almak, hasat yapmakcoral = mercan (genellikle kayalarn zerine yapk bulunan, ldnde kalntlar o kayannyapsna katlan, deiik renkte ve zellikte pek ok tr bulunan bir deniz canls)

Soru 11. global = kresel, dnya apnda(ki)level = seviye, dzeyfoot = (oul: feet) ayak (30.48 cmye edeer uzunluk ls)submerge =su altnda brakmak, batrmakcoastal = kyya / sahile ait, kyda / sahilde bulunanrise = ykselmek, zt anl.= fall

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Soru 12. worry about = (bir ey) hakknda endie / kayg duymakeffect = etki, sonu, influence, outcomefossil-fuel =fosil yakt (kmr, petrol vs.) kaynaklcarbon dioxide = karbon dioksit (doada genellikle gaz halinde bulunan, canllarn solunum ile

dar verdikleri bileik)

Soru 13. a broad range = geni bir alan / yelpazeconsequence = sonu, semere, (bir eyin ardndan gelen) etki, result, effect, zt anl.= cause, sourcebe exposed to = (bir ey)e maruz kalmakcontaminated = kirlenmi, pollutedenvironment = evre, ortam

Soru 14. recently = yakn zamanda, son zamanlarda, latelyresearcher = aratrmaccertain = 1) baz, some; 2) belli, fixedgene = gen

activated = aktif(lemi), aktif haldedramatically = dramatik / arpc bir biimde, strikingly, sensationally, zt anl.= unexcitingly,undramaticallyenhance = arttrmak, ykseltmek, oaltmak, gelitirmek, zenginletirmek, eitlendirmek, makebetter, increase, improve, zt anl.= decrease, weakenorganism = organizma, canl varlkextend = uza(t)mak, prolong,zt anl.= shortenlife span = mr, lifetime, life expectancyeven if = ... olsa bile, ... halinde bilein case = halinde, durumunda

Soru 15. gather = topla(n)mak, come togetheradmire = takdir etmek, beenmek, hayran olmak, esteem,zt anl.= look down (on / upon)mushroom cloud = mantar bulut (nkleer patlama sonrasnda oluan mantara benzeyen bulut)nuclear test = nkleer deneme (nkleer silahlarn, ller, adalar vb. yerlerde patlatlarakdenenmesi)Nevada = Nevada (ounluu l olan, Las Vegas kentinin iinde bulunduu ABD eyaleti)ignorance = 1) bilgisizlik; 2) aldrmazlk, grmezden gelmedanger = tehlike, risk, hazard, riskradioactive fallout = nkleer patlama sonucunda havaya yaylan radyoaktif paracklarn yere inipburada birikmesiso as to = (bir ey) yapabilmek iin / yapacak ekilde, in order to, toso that = yle ki , ...mek / ...mak iin

Soru 16. genetic engineering = gen(etik) mhendislii (organizmalarn genlerine mdahalede bulunma

yntemlerini gelitirmeye odaklanm aratrma alan)primarily =aslnda, esasen, ncelikle, essentially, mainly, zt anl.= secondarilyconsider = (yle) grmek / saymak, (yle olduuna) inanmak, assume, regard, deemfield = alanapplied = uygulamal (rn. applied microbiology = uygulamal mikrobiyoloji)microbiology = mikrobiyoloji (mikroskopik lde organizmalar inceleyen biyoloji alan)exploitation = yararlanma, kullanma, smrmemicroorganism = mikroorganizma (bakteriler, algler gibi plak gzle grlemeyecek kadar kkher tr canl)specific = belirli, distinct, particular,zt anl.= generalproduct = rnuse = kullanm

but rather = daha ziyade, daha ok

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as such = 1) bu sfatla; in that capacity; 2) kendi iinde, in itselfthat is = yani, baka ekilde ifade etmek gerekirse

Soru 17. release = piyasaya karmak

user = kullancprocessor = ilemci (bilgisayarn iinde, verileri ileyen temel para)graphics card = grafik / ekran kart (bilgisayarn, grntleme ilemlerini gerekletiren paras)remove = skmek, karmak, take away,zt anl.= installdisassemble = demonte etmek, skmek, zt anl.= reassembledue to = nedeniyle, because of, owing to, on account ofon behalf of = (bir kii)nin / (bir ey)in adna / namnainstead of = (bir ey)in yerinewith regard to = (bir ey)e gelince, (bir ey) ile ilgili olarak, with respect toin order to = amacyla, (bir ey yapmak) iin, so as to, to

Soru 18. wetland= karasal iklim blgeleriyle deniz iklim blgeleri veya gller arasnda kalan, nemli ve

genellikle bataklk blgefilter out = szmeknutrient = besin, besleyici maddepollutant = kirletici madde (rn. egzoz gazlar, baca duman)trap = yakalamak, hapsetmekroot = (bitki iin) kksoil = toprakplant = bitkibacterium = (oul: bacteria) bakteribreak down into = (kimyasal olarak) ykmak / ayrtrmak sureti ile (baka maddeler)e dntrmekharmful = zararl, damaging, zt anl.= harmlesssubstance =madde, material

19. - 23. sorular (Metinde geen yabanc kelimeler)radon = radon (radyumun bozunmas ile oluan, kimyasal olarak kararl, radyoaktif bir gaz)clear = ak, bariz, aikar, net, belirgin, obvious, zt anl.= unclearpreventable=nlenebilirdivert = baka tarafa ynlendirmeka simple matter of = ... dan ibaret basit bir i, as simple as, zt anl.= no easy matterfit = yerletirmek, kurmak, installvent =havalandrma borusu / kanalfan = pervanemembrane = zar, rt, membranremediation =(sorun vs. iin) zme, dzeltme, gidermewhen it comes to =i (bir ey)e gelince, (When it comes to writing compositions, I am hopeless. =

kompozisyon yazmaya gelince, ben umutsuz bir vakaym.)workplace = iyeribarely = ok az, ancak, hardly, zt anl.= enough, sufficientlyrecognise =farkna varmak, realise, acknowledge, be aware of

Soru 20. hardly = 1) nadiren, ok az,hemen hemen hi, scarcely, barely; 2) zar zor, g bela, glkle

Soru 23. within = iinde, ierisinde

Soru 24. evolutionary = evrimselorigin = kkenunclear = mulak, belirsiz, ak olmayan, vague, uncertain, zt anl.= clear, well-defined

evolutionary biologist = evrim biyolou (biylolojinin evrim ile ilgili ksm ile uraan bilim insan)

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no longer = artk / daha fazla bir durumun olmamas, artk deil, (I no longer trust him. = Artk onagvenmiyorum.)abandon = brakmak,terk etmek, vazgemek, discontinue, stop, zt anl.= pursue, carry ontraditional =geleneksel, conventional

view= gr, fikir, dnce, inan, bak as, opinion, conceptionmake up =oluturmak, tekil etmek, comprisespecialize = (bir konuda) uzmanlamakperform = yapmak, yerine getirmek, gerekletirmek, baarmak, do, accomplish, fulfil, carry out,actualisefunction = fonksiyon, ilevgather = toplamak, bir araya getirmek, collect, raise, bringtogetherevidence = delil, gsterge, iaret, belirti, proof, clue, indication, hintvegetation =bitkiler, bitki rtssimilar (to) = yakn, benzer, akin (to), alike, zt anl.= differentthat = (E seeneinde vegetation yerine gemi olan zamir)

Soru 25. Gregor Mendel = Gregor Johann Mendel (1822 ve 1884 yllar arasnda yaam olan, bezelyebitkileri zerindeki kaltm aratrmalar sebebiyle genetik biliminin kurucusu saylan Avusturyalkei ve bilim adam)possible = mmkn, olanakl, zt anl.= impossiblecompare (with/to) = (bir ey) ile karlatrmak / kyaslamak, liken (to)genetics = genetik (genleri ve kaltm inceleyen bilim dal)in that = dolay, nedeniyle, u bakmdan ki, as, because, sinceconsist of = (bir ey)den meydana gelmek / ibaret olmak, be made up ofbasic = temel, fundamentalprinciple = prensip, ilkerule =kural, kanuninheritance = kaltmla gemehuman being = insanfully = tamamen, tam anlamyla, completely, zt anl.= partiallydiscover = kefetmek, bulmak, ortaya karmak, meydana karmak, findgeneticist = genetiki (genetik bilimi ile uraan bilim insan)interested in = (bir ey) ile ilgilenen / ilgilistudy = aratrma, almatransmission =iletim, aktarmunderstanding = anlay, anlama, comprehensionrelationship = iliki, ilintiorganism = organizma, canl varlkcharacteristic = karakteristik, karakter zellii, (bir kii ya da unsura) has zellik, featureadvanced = gelimi, ileri dzeydedevelopment = ilerleme, gelime, advancement,zt anl.= regress

be any different = herhangi bir ekilde / adan farkl (olmak), (Is the traffic in stanbul this year anydifferent than last year? Yes, it is worse. = Bu y l stanbulun trafii, geen yla gre herhangi biradan farkl m? Evet, daha beter.)

Soru 26. freshwater = tatl sudilute = sulandrmak, younluunu ya da derecesini drmek, inceltmek, (She cleaned thebathroom with hypo-chloride diluted with water. = Banyoyu, su ile inceltilmi amar suyu iletemizledi.)salinated water = tuzlu suGulf Stream = Golfstrim Aknts (Meksika Krfezinden Bat ve Kuzey Avrupaya akan ve oblgelerde iklimi lmanlatran bir deniz aknts)with regard to = (bir ey)e gelince, (bir ey) ile ilgili olarak, with respect to

data = veri, information

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question = 1) tartmak, argue;2) doruluundan kuku duymak, sorgulamak, doubt, disputeecologist = evre bilimci (hem evreyi, hem de organizmalarn birbirleriyle ve evre ile olanilikilerini inceleyen bilim insan)Norway = Norve (skandinavya yarmadasnn bat ksmnda bulunan, f iyordlar ve okyanus

balkl ile nl bir lke)wonder = merak etmek, dnmek, hayret etmek, question, thinkincreasing = artan, artmakta (olan), rising, zt anl.= decreasingin view of = (bir ey)i gz nne alarak, (bir ey)den dolay, in the light ofpuzzle =ar(t)mak, hayrete d(r)mek, confuse, baffleone is puzzled = insan arp kalyordespite = (bir ey)e karn / ramen, in spite of, regardless ofa great deal of = olduka fazla, ok, a lot, much, zt anl.= a little, a bitreliable =gvenilir, emin, salam, trustworthy, dependable,zt anl.= unreliableenvironmentalist= evreci, evre uzmancertain = emin

Soru 27. focus on = (zerinde / zerine) odaklanmak, younlamak, arlk vermek, concentrate onspace exploration = uzay aratrmalar, uzayn kefimonitor =izlemek, gzetlemek, gzlemlemek, takip altnda tutmak, observeenvironmental = evre ile ilgili, evreselthreat = tehdit, menacesatellite = uyduimage = grnt, fotoraf, picture, phototrack =kaydn tutmak, izlemek, record, followhurricane = kasrga, hortumglacial = buzullara ait, buzullar ile ilgilipose =1) (soru vs.) ortaya atmak, ne srmek, put forward, present; 2) (tehdit, tehlike vs.)oluturmak / arz etmekintricate = kark, aprak, girift, complicated, complex,zt anl.= simple, straightforwardprecise = tam, kesin, accurate, definiteprediction = tahmin, ngr, kestirim, anticipationclimatic change = iklim deiimi, iklimsel deiiklik

Soru 28. investigator = aratrmac, researcherexact = tam, precisemoment = aninsight = anlay, olaylarn i yzn kavrama, awareness, comprehension, zt anl.= ignorance,dullnessphysician = tp doktoru, hekim, doctorplace hope on = (bir ey)e umut balamakstem cell = kk hcre (blnerek kendi benzerlerini ve dier tm vcut hcrelerini oluturabilen bir

tr hcre)reverse = tersine / geri evirmek, change to the contrarysymptom = semptom, belirtiaspect = a, yn, bakm, grn, feature, facet, perspective, view, sidemental imagery = zihinde (grsel imgelerle) canlandrmamore or less = aa yukar, az ok, hemen hemenneglect =ihmal etmek, savsaklamak, aldrmamak, ignore,zt anl.= care for, concernprimary visual cortex = ana grme merkezi (beynin serebral korteksinde yer alan ve optiksinirlerden gelen iletileri ileyen ksm)seem to be = gibi grnmek, appear to beactivate = harekete geirmek, aktif hale getirmekprocess = sre, procedure, progression

imagination = hayal etme, zihinde canlandrma

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attribute new meanings to = (bir ey)e yeni anlamlar yklemekinner eye = i gz (hayalgcnn grsel ksm)all of us = hepimizmaximize = maksimize etmek, en yksek noktaya karmak, zt anl.= minimize

condition = 1) hal, durum, situation; 2) art, koul, requirementallow = izin vermek, salamak, imkn vermek, mmkn klmak, enable, let, permit, zt anl. = forbid,hinder, prohibitbrilliant = dahice, parlak, harika, intelligent, bright, wonderful

Soru 29. ice sheet = buz tabakasexert = (kuvvet / basn vs.) uygulamak, applytremendous =muazzam, enormouscycle = dalgalanma, dnginformation = bilgi, veri, knowledge, datanearby = yakn, yakn(lar)da, yaknda(ki), closeindicator =indikatr, gsterge, belirte, sign

rest = (the rest eklinde kullanlr) geri kalan ksmdecade = on ylaverage = ortalama, meantemperature = scaklksteady =sabit, deimeyen, stable,zt anl.= unsteady, variabledrinkable = iilebilirlock up = hapsetmek

Soru 30. NASA = Ulusal Havaclk ve Uzay Dairesi (ABDde uzay ve havaclk aratrmalar ile ilgilenenkurulu), National Aeronautics and Space Administrationdevelop = gelitirmek, ortaya karmak, bring outshield = korumak, protectastronaut = astronot (uzay uularnda grev alan kii)radiation = radyasyon (sala zararl yksek hzl parack veya elektromanyetik nm salm)exposure = maruz kalma, (etkisine kar) ak / savunmasz olma / kalmaserious = ciddi, nemli, significantmanned spaceflight = insanl uzay uuutake measures= nlem / tedbir almak, take precautionsprevent = nlemek, nne gemek, engellemek, hinder, stop, zt anl.= let, allowfire = yangn, atespace shuttle =uzay mekii (dnya yrngesine insan ve ekipman tama amal, uaa benzeyenuzay arac)cosmic ray = kozmik n (gne veya dier gk cisimlerinden kaynaklanarak, uzaya salan veyksek tesir gcne sahip iyonize radyasyon)damage = hasar, zarar, harm

provided that =kouluyla, artylaplace = yerletirmek, koymak, putthroughout =her yerin(d)e, (bir eyin) tamamn(d)a, boylu boyunca, batan aa, bir utan bir uca,(all) around, all over

Soru 31. ride = (tat ile) gitmekaboard = (gemi, uak, tren, roket gibi tatlar iin) iinde, on boardmassive = byk, muazzam, ok byk, enormous, immense,zt anl.= tinySaturn V = Satrn 5 roketi (1967 ve 1973 yllar arasnda NASAnn Apollo ve Skylab gibi uzayaralarn frlatmakta kulland, uzay ann gelmi gemi en byk uzay roketi)rocket = roket (insanl ve insansz uzay aralar, ekipman, uydu gibi ykleri uzaya tamak iintasarlanm byk fze)

be concerned about = (bir ey) hakknda kayglanmak / endie duymak

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quality = kalite, nitelik, vasfApollo 11 = ay yzeyine insanlarn ilk defa baaryla ayak bast uzay uuunun gereklemesinisalayan uzay gemisidesign = dizayn etmek, tasarm yapmak, tasarlamak, gelitirmek, invent, devise

be to be used = kullanlacak olmaklunar = aya ait, ayla ilgilimission = (uu, operasyon vb. amalarla stlenilen) grev

Soru 32. sulphur dioxide = slfr dioksit (volkanlardan ve kimi endstriyel ilemlerden ortaya kan, evreiin zararl, bozuk yumurtaya benzeyen kokusu ile tannan bir gaz)emission = dar ver(il)me, yay(l)ma, (gaz vs. iin) sal(n)mareduce = azal(t)mak, cut down, diminish, decrease, lower, zt anl.= increasecontribute to = (bir ey)e katkda bulunmak, add tohaze = pus, hafif sis, mistArctic haze = hava kirlilii sebebiyle Kuzey Kutbu evresinde gzlemlenen kzl-kahverengi renklisis

pollution = kirlilik, kirlenme, contaminationadverse = kt, elverisiz, zararl, menfaatine aykr, aleyhte, ters, harmful, contrary,zt anl.=beneficial, favourableattempt = deneme, giriim, teebbs, effort, trialso far = imdiye kadar, bugne dek, u ana kadar, up to now, until now, to dateindustry = sanayi, endstrimajor = byk, balca, asl, geni / byk apl, chief, primary, great,zt anl.= minor, unimportant,littleconcern = kayg, worry, (There is a lot of public concern over dangerous toxins recently found insome food. = Yakn zamanda baz besinlerde tespit edilen tehlikeli toksinler ile ilgil i byk toplumsalkayg var.)

Soru 33. for certain = kesin olarak, for surecolourful = (ok) renkli,zt anl.= dullpole = kutupindication = belirti, delil, gsterge, iaret, evidence, hintin the form of = ... eklinde / biimindeeven though = ... olsa bileexist = var olmak, bulunmak, mevcut olmak, be presentform = ekil vermek, biimlendirmek, shapeflowing = akan, akmakta olan, zt anl.= slack

Soru 34. be able to = yapabilmek, baarabilmek, elinden gelmek, succeed in/at, zt anl.= fail to, be unable tomostly = en okdark matter = karanlk madde (astrofizikte, k yaymad ve yanstmad iin dorudan

alglanamayan, varl, evresindeki dier materyal zerindeki ktleekimsel etkisi yolu ile tespitedilebilen maddeye verilen ad)dark energy = karanlk enerji (kozmolojide, btn uzay etkileyen ve evrenin genileme hznarttrc bir etkisi olduu kabul edilen hipotetik bir enerji tr)produce = retmek,generate, makeeffort = aba, gayret, struggleso far as = srece, as long assource = kaynak, supplyland mine = kara mayn (genellikle topraa gmlen, zerinden bir insan veya bir tat getiindeveya uzaktan kumanda kontrol ile patlamak zere yaplm olan, sava geirmi blgelerde, ouocuk, pek ok sivilin lmesine veya sakat kalmasna sebep olan bir eit bomba)war zone = sava blgesi

detect = ortaya karmak, bulmak, fark etmek, discover, identify

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improve = geli(tir)mek, arttrmak, dzel(t)mek, enhance, upgrade, increase,zt anl.= deteriorate,worsen, decrease, weaken

Soru 35. notice = farkna varmak

right away = hemen, derhal, at once, immediatelyiceberg = buzda (denizde srklenmekte olan ok byk buz paras)simply = basite, basite indirgendiinde, znde, aslnda, fundamentally, basicallychunk = byk bir paraglacier = buzul (yksek dalarn veya souk kara paralarnn zerini kaplayan ve sanlann aksine,sabit deil, ok dk hzda da olsa deniz seviyesine doru hareket halinde olan byk buz ktlesi)reach = ulamak, varmak, arrive, comecreep = srnmek, ok yava srklenmekdownhill = yoku aa, yamatan / tepeden aa doru, zt anl.= uphillstatic = sabit, statik, stationary, zt anl.= mobileaccumulate = toplanmak, birikmek, gathersnowfall = bir blgeye belli bir zaman aralnda yaan toplam kar miktar

Soru 42. such a thing as = ... diye bir eygay = ecinsel, homosekseltend (to) = eiliminde olmak, be disposed (to), be likely (to)those = (soruda brains yerine gemi olan zamir)straight = (cinsel eilim bakmndan) normal saylan (rn. heteroseksel)those = (soruda brains yerine gemi olan zamir)slightly =az miktarda, bir para, a little, insignificantly,zt anl.= immenselyuncertainty = belirsizlikrule out =ortadan kaldrmak, elemek, exclude, zt anl.= includepossibility = olaslk, ihtimalfinding = bulguoccur = olmak, meydana gelmek, happen, take placein response to = (bir ey)e karlk / tepki olarak, as a reaction toexperience = deneyim, tecrbebehaviour = davranrather than =(bir ey)den ok / ziyadeinborn = tabiatnda olan, doutan gelen, kaltsal, congenital, hereditary, innate,zt anl.= acquiredincreasingly = gittike artan bir ekildeconvincing = inandrc, ikna edici, conclusive, credible, zt anl.= far-fetched, unconvincingsuggest = izlenimini brakmak, hissini vermek, akla getirmek, indicate, implysexual orientation = cinsel eilim / ynelim (kiinin heteroseksel, ecinsel, biseksel vs. olmaeilimi)result from = (bir ey)in sonucu olmak,(bir ey)den meydana gelmek / kmak / domak /kaynaklanmak, be caused by, come from

developmental = geliim ile ilgilihormonal exposure = hormon maruzat (rn. ana rahminde veya bir biyokimya tesisinde,ortamdaki baz hormonlarn etkisine ak olma)womb = rahim (kadnn, iinde bebein gelitii organ), uterussceptical = kukucu, suspiciousremain sceptical = kuku duymaya devam etmek, pheden vazgememekhistory = gemi, tarih, pastconclusion = 1) sonu, netice, karm, result, outcome, deduction; 2) karar, decisionthere has been a history of jumping to conclusions = tarih acele ile varlm sonularla doludurjump to conclusions = acele ile sonuca varmak / sonu karmakover-interpret = bir bulgu ile ilgili (iine geldii ekilde) zorlama yorumlarda / karmlardabulunmak

report = rapor etmek, bildirmek

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hypothalamus = hipotalamus (beyinde otonom sinir sistemini yneten blge)involved in = (olaya) karm, iin iinde olanmagnetic resonance imaging = (nkleer) manyetik rezonans grntleme (vcuttaki hidrojenatomlarnn ekirdekleri iinde yer alan protonlara radyo dalgalar etkisiyle bir tr hareket kazandran

ve bu esnada ortaya kan enerjinin yayd sinyalleri, zel bir alc vastasyla kaydederek, vcuduni organlarn kesitler halinde grntleyen teknik), (N)MRIsymmetry = simetrithose = (E seeneinde brains yerine gemi olan zamir)

Soru 43. Indonesian = Endonezyaya aitisland = ada, isleSumbawa = Endonezyada yer alan, 1815teki bir yanarda pskrmesinde byk lde tahripolan bir adaMount Tambora = Tambora (Yanar)Da (Endonezyada 1815te patlayarak Sumbawa adasntahrip eden ve kresel iklim deiikliklerine yol aan bir volkan)blow up = patlamak, explode

eruption = (volkanik) patlama, pskrmerecorded history =kaytl / yazl tariheject = dar atmak, karmak, fkrtmakVesuvius = Vezv Yanarda (talyada, 20. yzylda da pskren ve nl Pompeii antik kentinilavlar altnda brakarak yok etmi olmas ile tannan bir volkan)A.D. = Milattan /sadan sonra, anno Domini, zt anl.= B.C., before Christsuperhot = sperscak (ok scak)ash = kl, cinderbury= gmmek, toprak altnda brakmakpath = yolincluding = ... da dahilKingdom of Tambora= Tambora Krall (Olduka gelimi bir uygarln izlerini tayan kalntlar2006 ylnda tesadfen ortaya karlan ve 1815te Tambora Yanardann patlamas sonucu yokolduu dnlen, Endonezyaya yakn ada krall)death toll = (bir kaza ya da afet sonucunda oluan toplam) can kayb, len insan sayswindblown = rzgar tarafndan tananplumeof ash = havaya salan kln oluturduu bulutdim = karartmakuninhabited = (genel corafi koullarnn elverisizlii nedeniyle) insan yerleimine kapal, ssz,unoccupieduncover = ortaya / meydana / aa karmak, reveal, unveil,zt anl.= covercrop = ekin, rn, mahsulsurrounding = evresindeki, etrafndaki, encirclingfail = bozulmakvolcanologist = volkan bilimci (volkanlar inceleyen bilim insan)

ground-penetrating radar = toprakalt radar (topran altndaki jeolojik vb. oluumlargrntlemekte kullanlan bir cihaz)archaeologist = arkeolog (insan ve insanlk tarihini, geride braklan eserlere dayanarak inceleyenbilim insan)excavate = kaz / hafriyat yapmak, kazp ortaya karmak, unearth, zt anl.= buryPompeii = Pompeii (bugn talyann Napoli kenti yaknlarnda yer alan ve Vezv volkannn lavlaraltnda kalm olmas sebebiyle ok iyi korunmu bir Roma Dnemi kenti)

Soru 44. honeybee = balarspollinate =tozla(tr)mak, polen yaymakagricultural = tarmsal, tarm ile ilgili, ziraiUS /USA = (the US / USA eklinde kullanlr) Amerika Birleik Devletleri, (the) United States of

America

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breed = yeti(tir)mek, re(t)mek, (bitki ve hayvan trleri) slah etmekoriginally = ilk bata, balangta, in the beginningbring over = deniz ar bir yerden getirmekinsecticide = insektisit (bcek ldrc kimyasal madde)

disease = hastalka mix of stressors = bask / stres yaratan pek ok etmenin birleimi / karmresult in = (bir ey) ile sonulanmak, (bir ey)e yol amak / neden olmak, causequery = soru, questionnative = yerli, zt anl.= foreignefficiently = etkin / verimli bir ekilde, effectively, zt anl.= inefficientlytend = ilgilenmek, bakmn yapmak, care for, (Soruda, arlarn, elma ve kaba yonca bitkilerinibaarl bir ekilde fertilize ettiine atfta bulunulmu.)alfalfa = kaba yonca (yoncaya benzeyen, iek aan bir bitki)orchard mason bee = tarmda tozlamaya yardmc olarak Japonya ve ABDde kullanlan bir artrcommercial = ticari

advocate = 1) desteki, savunucu, taraftar, supporter; 2) avukat, szc, lawyerpreserve = korumak, saklamak, maintain, conserve, securewild = vahi, yabani, doalweedy = ot ve baka bitkiler bakmndan zenginyield =rn, verimpound = libre (7000 buday tanesine (453 gr.) eit ngiliz kkenli arlk birimi)diet = 1) beslenme rejimi, yiyecek; 2) perhiz, diyet, (Soruda, ABDnin gda maddeleri retiminin 1/3nn bal ierdiine atfta bulunulmu.)honeybee services =balars yetitiricilii, bal retimi vb. ile uraan sektrtied to = (bir ey)e bal, (bir ey) ile yakndan ilikili, attached (to), zt anl.= independent (from)pollination = tozla(tr)ma, polen yayma ve (bu yolla gerekleen) fertilizasyon / dllenmeentire = btn, tam, whole, zt anl.= partial, (an entire generation = btn bir nesil)transport = (bir yerden) (baka bir yere) gtrmek, tamak, nakletmek, moveonce common = bir zamanlar bol bulunan / yaygn olandecline = azalma, d, gerileme, k, drop, decay, deterioration, zt anl.= upturn, progress,recoveryincomplete = tam olmayan, ksmi, bitmemi, partial, unfinished, zt anl.= completevalue = deer / kymet, worthdie out = yok olmak, ortadan kalkmak, fade away, perish, zt anl.= develop, expand, flourishcolony collapse disorder = bir kovandaki ii arlarn bir anda ve grnrde belli bir sebep yokkentoplu halde lmesi

Soru 45. currently = hlihazrda, u sralarda, bu gnlerdemanufacture = imal etmek / retmek, producecompany = irket

ethanol = etanol (alkoll ikilerde bulunan alkol eidi), ethyl alcoholrequire = (bir ey)i gerektirmek, (bir ey) istemek, zorunlu klmak, need, demanddose = (ila vs. iin) doz (bir seferde uygulanan miktar)herbicide = herbisit (istenmeyen bitkileri ldrmek iin kullanlan kimyasal madde), weed killernitrogen fertilizer = azot bileikleri ile zenginletirilmi suni gbreerosion = erozyon, anma, attrition, deteriorationbiodiesel = biyodizel (genellikle soya yandan retilen ve saf halde veya normal dizele katlarakkullanlan bir eit yakt)soybean = soya fasulyesiplow up = apalamak (sorudaki anlam = ekip bimeye / ilemeye balamak)acre = ngiltere ve ABDde kullanlan 4047 m2ye eit arazi lme birimirising = ykselen, artan, increasing,zt anl.= falling, decreasing

marginal = 1) az kalm, marjinal, small, minimal; 2) snr deerlerde, borderline

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set aside = ayrmak, bir tarafa koymakwildlife =yaban hayat (insan hari doal ortamnda yaayan tm canllar)conservation = muhafaza etme, koruma, doal kaynaklar ya da evreyi koruma, (One of the aimsof TEMA Foundation is to make people realise the importance of conservation. = TEMA vakfnn

amalarndan biri de insanlarn, evreyi korumann nemini fark etmelerini salamaktr.)potentially = potansiyel olarak, (bir ey yapmas / olmas) muhtemel, (He is potentially dangerous. =Tehlikeli olabilir.), (potentially useful = faydal olmas muhtemel, potansiyel olarak faydal)potentially releasing even more carbon = muhtemelen daha ok karbon yayarakrelease = salmak, yaymak, dar vermek, discharge,zt anl.= detaineven more = daha da fazlaancient carbon = eski karbon (uzun zamandr kmr, petrol gibi yeralt oluumlar ierisindehapsolmu karbon)unlock = serbest brakmakfossilfuel = fosil yakt (kmr, petrol vs.)biofuel= tarlalarda, bu amala retilen bitkilerden elde edilen yakt (rn. biyodizel), agrofuelrenewable = yenilenebilir

dependent on = (bir ey)e baml, reliant on,zt anl.= independent, self-reliantboom = canllk, patlama, ani gelimeproduction = retimgrower = yetitirici, iftipush prices to levels not seen in years = fiyatlar, uzu

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