female reproductive system diseases
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7/23/2019 Female Reproductive System Diseases
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Female Reproductive
System Diseases
The reproductive system is a
collection of internal and external
organs — in both males and females —
that work together for the purpose of
procreating, according to the
leveland linic! Due to its vital role in
the survival of the species, many
scientists argue that the reproductive
system is among the most important
systems in the entire body!
"ndometriosis
a condition involving colonization of the
abdominal/pelvic cavity with islands of
endometrial tissue. Endometrium is the lining
layer of the uterus which sloughs o with each
menstruation. If endometrial tissue ushes up
the uterine tube and spills into the abdomen
(peritoneal cavity) the clots of endometrial
tissue can attach to abdominal organs such as
the bladder rectum intestinal loops and thencycle along with the uterus in response to
monthly changes in ovarian hormones.
!leeding into the abdomen irritates the lining
membrane the peritoneum and causes
abdominal pain.
#elvic inflammatory disease $#%D&
although males have
a closed abdominal cavity the female
abdominal cavity has a direct anatomical path
from the outside world via the female
reproductive tract. !acteria can ma"e their way
up the vagina through the uterus and traverse
the uterine tubes which open into the
abdominal cavity. Inammation of the lining of
the abdominal cavity the peritoneum causes
abdominal pain. #lthough there are manypotential causes of $I% gonorrheal infection is
one of them. &hronic Inammation of the
uterine tubes can occlude them resulting in
infertility.
#rolapsed uterus
the uterus is almost directly above the vagina.
In fact the cervi' the nec" region of the
uterus e'tends into the upper vagina.
igaments hold the uterus in proper position so
that it does not prolapse or herniate into the
vagina. evere prolapse can result in the
uterine cervi' protruding from the vaginal
opening. urgical repair is typically re*uired to
restore the uterus to its proper anatomicalposition.
'varian cancer
tends to have a poorer outcome than other
gynecological cancers +oss noted because it
is not typically diagnosed until it has
progressed signi,cantly. -here is no standard
screening available for ovarian cancer so it is
very dicult to identify it early.0
(ou can consult these when you encounter
these diseases)
'bstetrician 1 literally -midwife0 in atin. #
physician specializing in the diagnosis and
management of pregnancy and deliveringbabies.
*ynecologist 1 a physician specializing in
diseases of the female reproductive system
and surgery of this area. 2ost physicians
currently specialize in combined practice of
3!/456.
"pisiotomy 1 a surgical procedure cutting into
the perineal area the area between the vagina
and anus in order to prevent tearing of tissues
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when the baby7s head traverses the vaginal
opening.+ysterosalpingogram 1 special 89rays of the
uterus and uterine tubes involving passing an
opa*ue dye bac"wards up through the uterus
to determine if the tubes are patent. ince the
tubes are open into the abdominal (peritoneal)
cavity if patent dye should spill out of the end
of the tubes and be manifest on the 89ray.