feline journal summaries

8/14/2019 Feline Journal Summaries

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Journal of Comparative Pathology 2008-2009

Feline

Arteriovenous Haemangioma in Two Dogs and a Cat- These are rare tumors withdifferentiation into arterioles, venules and capillaries. All have VWF + endothelium and Smooth muscle

Actin + tunica media.

Malakoplakia in the Urinary Bladder of a Kitten -- Malakoplakia is a form of chronicgranulomatous inflammation that in humans most commonly affects the urinary bladder

of middle-aged women, it is rare in animals. Gross lesions included a markedly enlarged

bladder with a diffusely nodular mucosal surface. Microscopically, there was diffuse

submucosal infiltration by histiocytes stained positively by periodic acid Schiff (PAS)and described in the human condition as von Hansemann cells. Intracellular and

extracellular Michaelise Gutman inclusion bodies were seen on light and electron

microscopical examination. These structures are considered pathognomonic formalakoplakia.

Bone Marrow Pathology in Dogs and Cats with Non-Regenerative Immune-Mediated Haemolytic Anaemia and Pure Red Cell Aplasia: Non-regenerative IMHA

in dogs and cats has been associated with pure red cell aplasia, erythroid maturation

arrest or bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia. PRCA and erythroid maturation arrest mayresult from immune-mediated destruction of erythroid precursor cells within the bone

marrow. However, IMHA due to erythroid hyperplasia could be due to variety of

pathological changes in bone marrow including dysmyelopoiesis, myelonecrosis,

myelofibrosis, altered vascular permeability/acute inflammation, and hemophagocyticsyndrome

Spinal Cryptococcoma in an Immunocompetent Cat (J. Comp. Path. 2008, Vol. 139, 246e251).

Gross lesion: Focal Malacia in the spinal cord. Microscopic lesion: The yeasts wereround in shape, 7 mm in diameter and rimmed by a basophilic thin cell wall, which was

surrounded by a halo of variable thickness. Narrow-necked budding forms were alsopresent. The parenchymal remnants contained digestion chambers in which Gitter cells,

spheroids and myelinic debris were present.

Multiple hepatic vascular cysts in a young ragdoll cat: In cats and dogs, the DDx forcongenital intrahepatic cystic structures would include a biliary cyst or pseudocyst,

choledochal cysts or cystic duct remnants. For acquired cysts or other cavitated

structures, abscesses, parasitic cysts, biliary cyst adenoma, cystadenocarcinoma,cholangiocarcinoma, haemangiosarcoma, and certain metastatic tumours

An Immunohistochemical Study of Feline Endometrial Adenocarcinoma. J. Comp.

Path. 2009, Vol. -, 1e6. Feline endometrial adenocarcinomas are uncommon. Normal

endometria and Neoplastic lesions express pancytokeratins AE1 and AE3, cytokeratin-

14, vimentin, a-actin, cyclo-oxygenase-2, E-cadherin, b-catenin, the progesteronereceptor, the estrogen receptor and caveolin-1. Synthesis of cyclo-oxygenase-2 and

reduced expression of progesterone receptors may be involved in the neoplastic

transformation of feline endometrium. The loss of cellular adhesion that occurs within


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these tumours does not require down-regulation of E-cadherin expression and nuclear

translocation of b-catenin is not a feature of these neoplasms.

Muscular Dystrophy with Reduced -Sarcoglycan in a Cat. J. Comp. Path. 2009,

Vol. -, 1e5. Sarcoglycans (SGs) are sarcolemmal transmembrane glycoproteins that form

a hetero- tetrameric complex known as the sarcoglycan complex (SGC). The SGC is amember of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, which links actin in the cytoskeleton to

the extracellular matrix through 2-laminin, providing protection of the sarcolemma from

tension during muscle contraction. SGC also has a role in intracellular signaltransduction. Muscle biopsy revealed moderate variability in myofiber size, with

numerous atrophic rounded fibers, rare myofiber necrosis, regeneration and moderate

perimysial and endomysial fibrosis. Immunohistochemistry revealed decreased

expression of - and -SG and western blotting revealed markedly decreased -SG withnormal expression of -, - and -SG, caveolin-3 and calpain-3. Not previously known in

cats.

Detection of mixed infections with Candidatus Mycoplasmahaemominutum and Mycoplasma haemofelis using real-timeTaqMan polymerase chain reaction. J Vet Diagn Invest 19:250255(2007). Hemotropic mycoplasmas (hemoplasmas) are epierythrocyticmycoplasmas that have never been cultured in vitro. At least 3 speciesinfect cats: Mycoplasma haemofelis (Mhf) and Candidatus Mycoplasmahaemominutum (Mhm), as well as Candidatus Mycoplasma turicensis(Mtc), a new species that was recently described in cats in Switzerland.The latter species appears to be present in cats in North America, aswell as an organism related to Candidatus M. haematoparvum (Mhp),which was first identified in dogs. Mhf is capable of causing severe

anemia in cats, whereas Mhm has yet to be associated with disease inimmunocompetent cats.

Light-chain multiple myeloma in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 19:443447 (2007). IN general, the monoclonal immunoglobulin produced inmultiple myeloma may be an entire immunoglobulin of any class, aheavy chain only, or a light chain only (light-chain multiple myeloma,also called Bence-Jones myeloma). In this case, the cat had atypicalplasma cell infiltration in the bone marrow, biclonal gammopathycaused by polymerization of myeloma protein (M-protein), and Bence-Jones proteinuria.

Sinonasal plasmacytoma in a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 19:573577(2007). The right nasal cavity and the right frontal sinus were partiallyoccluded by a soft whitish mass. Microscopically, the mass wascomposed of well-differentiated plasma cells that wereimmunopositive for immunoglobulin G and lambda light chains. Thesefindings were consistent with a mature type sinonasal plasmacytoma.


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Nocardia tenerifensis genome identification in a cutaneousgranuloma of a cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 19:577580 (2007).subcutaneous mass in its tail. Histologically, this mass consisted of ill-defined pyogranulomas centered around aggregates of gram-positive,acid-fast filamentous bacteria, consistent with Nocardia.

Assessment ofmelamine and cyanuric acid toxicity in cats. JVet Diagn Invest 19:616624 (2007). Urine and touch impressions ofkidneys from all cats dosed with the combination revealed thepresence of fan-shaped, birefringent crystals. Histopathologic findingswere limited to the kidneys and included crystals primarily withintubules of the distal nephron, severe renal interstitial edema, andhemorrhage at the corticomedullary junction. The kidneys containedestimated melamine concentrations of 496 to 734 mg/kg wet weightand estimated cyanuric acid concentrations of 487 to 690 mg/kg wetweight. The results demonstrate that the combination of melamine and

cyanuric acid is responsible for acute renal failure in cats.

Immunohistochemical characterization of a hepatic neuroendocrine carcinoma in a

cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 20:110114 (2008). yellow-brown, firm, multilobulated tumor

was identified in the liver. Microscopically, the mass consisted of neoplastic cells

arranged in small, closely packed nests within a thin fibrovascular stroma.Immunohistochemically, most of the neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for

chromogranin A, neuronspecific enolase (NSE), and cytokeratin AE1/AE3 and weakly

labeled for synaptophysin. The tumor was negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), vimentin, and cytokeratins. These tumors initially described in the small

intestine of human beings were first named carcinoid. The term neuroendocrine

carcinoma is now used for all neuroendocrine tumors, acknowledging that allneuroendocrine tumors are potentially malignant.

A case of coccygeal chondroid chordoma in a cat: morphological and

immunohistochemical features. J Vet Diagn Invest 20:679681 (2008). mass on thetip of the tail. Histological examination performed after apical caudectomy revealed a

neoplasm affecting

the distal part of the last coccygeal vertebra. The neoplasm consisted of lobules ofphysaliferous cells surrounding cartilaginous tissue and a central core of trabecular bone.

Perforin expression in feline epitheliotropic cutaneous lymphoma. J Vet Diagn

Invest 20:831835 (2008). Granular lymphocytes were consistently detected on bloodsmears, and histologically, the tumor involved the skin and superficial subcutis. Tumor

lymphocytes expressed cluster of differentiation 3 (CD3) andperforin molecules,

suggestive of a cytotoxic phenotype. Location, histopathological features, and perforinexpression were similar to a distinct entity in human medicine designated primary

cutaneous, CD8-positive, epidermotropic, cytotoxic, T-cell lymphoma.


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Immunohistochemical features of a feline spinal cord gemistocytic astrocytoma. J

Vet Diagn Invest 20:836838 (2008). On histologic exanimation, the neoplastic cells

were pleomorphic, with distinct cell borders and abundant cytoplasm that frequentlyextended into variably sized fibrillar processes. Neoplastic cells were strongly positive

forGFAP and negative for EGFR. Eight percent (mean percentage) of neoplastic cells

were p53 positive.

A nonhealing ulcerative skin lesion associated with Trichinella nativa infection in a

cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 20:839843 (2008). clinically apparent disease seems to be arare manifestation of this infection in cats. This manifested as a firm, poorly

circumscribed subcutaneous mass adjacent to the eye, which demonstrated clinical

features and histopathologic findings indicative of chronic inflammation associated with

granulation tissue and fibrodysplasia. PCR speciated the organism as trichinella native.

Prevalence and Histopathologic Characteristics of Pancreatitis in Cats. Vet Pathol

44:3949 (2007). The lesions of CP in cats resemble CP in humans, with fibrosis being

more prominent than inflammatory changes. Cystic degeneration gradually increased. Adistinct nodular change ofzymogen depletion and acinar cell dysplasia not associated

with pancreatitis was prominent in 15.6% of the pancreases. Histologically, AP consistedof neutrophilic inflammation associated with interstitial edema and necrosis of mesenteric

fat.

An Immunohistochemical and Polymerase Chain Reaction Evaluation of Feline

Plasmacytic Pododermatitis. Vet Pathol 44:8083 (2007). Mycobacterium bovis.

Bartonella spp., Ehrlichia spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Chlamydophila felis,

Mycoplasma spp., Toxoplasma gondii, and feline herpesvirus 1 (FHV-1) were negative.

A Clinicopathological Study of 52 Feline Epulides. Vet Pathol 44:161169 (2007).

Fibromatous (57.7%) , giant cell epulis (28.8%) , acanthomatous (7.7%), ossifying5.8%). Giant cell epulides presented significant differences in clinical behavior compared

with the fibromatous type, including rapid growth, presence of ulcerative changes, and

rapid recurrence after surgery. Extensive ulceration and inflammation results inincreased osteoclastic activity. The osteoclast-like giant cells are most likely formed from

a monocyte/ macrophage-like osteoclast precursor that differentiates into osteoclasts

under the influence of mononuclear osteoblast-like stromal cells.

Fatal Streptococcus canis Infections in Intensively Housed Shelter Cats. Vet Pathol

44:218221 (2007). 1. skin ulceration and chronic respiratory infection that progressed,

in some cats, to necrotizing sinusitis and meningitis. 2. progression from necrotizingfasciitis with skin ulceration to toxic shocklike syndrome, sepsis, and death. S canis was

the sole pathogen identified in most cases.

Distribution of Lesions and Antigen ofHighly Pathogenic Avian Influenza Virus

A/Swan/Germany/R65/06 (H5N1) in Domestic Cats after Presumptive Infection by

Wild Birds. Vet Pathol 44:261268 (2007). Histologically, the main findings

associated with influenza in all cats were bronchointerstitial pneumonia and marked


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random hepatic necrosis. In addition, all animals displayed lymphoid necrosis in the

spleen and Peyers patches and necrosis of the adrenal cortex. Immunohistochemically,

nucleoprotein of HPAIV was present intralesionally in the lungs, liver, adrenal glands,and lymphoid tissues. Incidental finding- granulomatous pneumonia caused by

Aelurostrongylus sp.

Diagnoses and Clinical Outcomes Associated with Surgically Amputated Feline

Digits Submitted to Multiple Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories. Vet Pathol

44:362365 (2007).Squamous cell carcinoma was the most commonly identifiedmalignant tumor(n 5 15; 23.8%) and was associated with a median survival time of 73

days. Other diagnoses included fibrosarcoma (n 5 14; 22.2%); adenocarcinoma, likely

metastases of a primary pulmonary neoplasm (n 5 13; 20.6%); osteosarcoma (n 5 5;

7.9%); mast cell tumor (n 5 4; 6.3%); hemangiosarcoma (n 5 5; 7.9%); malignant fibroushistiocytoma (n 5 2; 3.2%); giant cell tumor of bone (n 5 2; 3.2%); and hemangioma (n 5

2; 3.2%). Giant cell tumor of bone has not been previously described in the digits of cats.

Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma with Smooth Muscle and Glandular Differentiationof the Feline Uterus. Vet Pathol 44:379382 (2007). The tumor showed a proliferation

of both endometrial stromal and smooth muscle cells accompanied by prominentvasculature. There were well-differentiated endometrial glands, and tubuli made up a

monolayer of eosinophilic cuboidal epithelium. Immunohistochemically, the spindle-

shaped cells and half of the stromal-like cells reacted to caldesmon and desmin

antibodies. The neoplastic epithelium expressed AE1/AE3 cytokeratin.

Interstitial Cell Tumor and Sertoli Cell Tumor in the Testis of a Cat. Vet Pathol

44:394397 (2007). The presence ofpenile papillae implied testosterone production.Testes were not palpable, but the left testis was found in the scrotum by surgical

exploration and was mostly replaced by the 2 tumors. The interstitial cell tumor, but not

the Sertoli cell tumor, was immunohistochemically positive for Melan-A, consistent withsteroid production.

Mycobacterium fortuitum Pneumonia in a Cat and the Role of Lipid in the

Pathogenesis of Atypical Mycobacterial Infections. Vet Pathol 44:543546 (2007).

Mycobacterium fortuitum is a nontuberculous, and nonlepromatous mycobacterium that

can cause infections in animals and humans. In dogs and cats, it is one of the most

common agents of ulcerative dermatitides and panniculitides caused by atypicalmycobacteria. IN this case the pneumonia resembled lipoid pneumonia in humans. We

discuss the role of lipids in the pathogenesis of mycobacterioses and suggest an

association between atypical mycobacteria and lipid-rich environments.

Cutaneous Toxoplasmosis in a Female Japanese Cat. Vet Pathol 44:683687 (2007).

Necrotizing granulomatouspanniculitis, vasculitis, and mastitis, and contained free andclustered protozoal organisms. The organism was present in the cytoplasm of

macrophages, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and mammarygland epithelia. The organism

was positive for anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies. Electron

microscopy showed single and grouped tachyzoites, with morphologic features similar to


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those of T. gondii. Polymerase chain reaction and deoxyribonucleic acid sequence

analysis was consistent with T. gondii infection.

Naturally Occurring Parvovirus-associated Feline Hypogranular Cerebellar

HypoplasiaA Comparison to Experimentally-induced Lesions Using

Immunohistology. Vet Pathol 44:831841 (2007). In type 1 lesions, the cortex wasnearly agranular, with an extremely thin molecular layer; the Purkinje cells were

randomly placed and oriented, and their stunted main dendrite produced a thorn-covered

atrophic dendritic tree; the basket cell axons ran randomly and had dysmorphicendings; and myelinated fibers were severely reduced in folia axes. In type 2 lesions, the

cortex was hypogranular; the Purkinje cells were linearly organized, but their main

dendrite extended too far in the molecular layer before giving up smooth, bent secondary

dendrites; many basket cells were located along the cerebellar surface, and their axonsran at right angle to the surface; myelinated fibers were moderately reduced. Defects in

climbing fiber synapse translocation and elimination were evident in both types of lesion.

viral NS1 protein cytotoxicity might explain degenerative changes in the Purkinje cells

that were present, in addition to the development defect.

Mammary Invasive Micropapillary Carcinoma in Cats: Clinicopathologic Features

and Nuclear DNA Content. Vet Pathol 44:842848 (2007). Invasive micropapillary

carcinoma (IMC) is a variant of infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast associated with

poor outcome. IMCs have features of high biologic aggressiveness and should be

classified as independent histologic types of FMC.

Nasal and Nasopharyngeal Lymphoma in Cats: 50 Cases (19892005). Vet Pathol

44:885892 (2007). Lymphoma is the most common nasal cavity tumor in cats.Histologically, all were considered diffuse lymphoid neoplasms and no cats displayed

features of follicular lymphoma. 32 were uniformly positive forCD79a, 7 were

uniformly CD3 positive, and 6 had a mixed population of CD79a and CD3 cells.Epithelioptropism was exhibited in 4 of 5 (80%) cats in which there was sufficient

epithelium present for evaluation. The most common biochemical abnormalities were

panhyperproteinemia in 26/46 (57%) of cats and hypocholesterolemia in 11/46 (24%) ofcats.

Leukoencephalomyelopathy in Specific Pathogen-free Cats. Vet Pathol 44:912916

(2007). bilateral axonal degeneration within white matter regions of the cervical,thoracic, and lumbarspinal cord and in the white matter of the cerebral internal capsule

and peduncle, in the roof of the fourth ventricle and inferior cerebellar peduncle, and in

the external arcuate and pyramidal fibres of the medulla. There were varying degrees ofaccompanying microgliosis, astrocytosis, and capillary hyperplasia.

Feline Cutaneous Viral Papilloma Associated with Human Papillomavirus Type 9.

Vet Pathol 44:924927 (2007). multinodular exophytic mass on the dorsal surface of the

nose. Histologic examination revealed hyperkeratosis, epidermal hyperplasia,

papillomatosis, koilocytosis, and possible intranuclear viral inclusions. Polymerase chain

reaction amplified papillomaviral deoxyribonucleic acid from formalin-fixed samples of


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the lesion. Sequencing of the amplicon revealed 98% similarity to human papillomavirus

(HPV) type 9.

Congenital Unilateral Absence of the Corticospinal Tract in a Siamese Cat. Vet

Pathol 44:949951 (2007). Pathologic investigation revealed unilateral (right-sided)

absence of the corticospinal (pyramidal) tract throughout its normal course. Although aninfectious cause cannot be completely ruled out a genetic etiology was suspected.

B-Cell Lymphoma in the Peripheral Nerves of a Cat Vet Path 2008 Jan: B-cell(Burkitt-type lymphoma) diffusely infiltrated the peripheralnerves (sciatic, brachial

plexus) and intramuscular nerve branches. No evidence of cranial nerve, central nervous

system, radicular,bone marrow, splenic, or lymph node involvement. Similar to the

chronic polyneuropathic variantof human diffuse neurolymphomatosis; a condition mostcommonlycaused by an axonopathy resulting from infiltration of peripheral nerves with

non-Hodgkin's lymphoma

Histopathologic, Immunohistochemical, and Cytologic Analysis of Feline Myeloma-Related

Disorders: Further Evidence for Primary Extramedullary Development in the Cat Vet Path 2008

Mar: cats with well-differentiated tumors more commonly have extramedullary involvement than human

myeloma patients with well-differentiated tumors

Multiple Cystic Intestinal Duplications in a Cat Vet Path 2008 Mar:3 separate cystic structuresin the

muscular layer of jejunum. One cyst had a 3-layered wall consisting ofa dysplastic mucosa, a regularly

structured submucosa, and partlydouble-layered muscularis, contained neuronsresembling a myenteric

plexus. The remaining 2 cysts had similarstructures except for granulation tissue lining the lumen.

Duplication of GI is most commonly seen in Ileum and esophagus.

Photodamage in Feline Skin Vet Path 2008 May: Clinical and Histomorphometric Analysis: A

positive correlation was obtained between age, degree of edema and sclerosis in the upper dermis,

telangiectases, squamatization of basal keratinocytes, and epidermis thickness and the degree of PD. Thearea occupied by adnexal structures in the dermis diminished with increased PD. Dermal sclerosis and

edema best separated the 3 groups.

Noncongophilic Fibrillary Glomerulonephritis in a Cat Vet Path 2008 May: nephrotic syndrome, mild

increase in cholesterol, low total protein, severe hypoalbuminemia, and high proteinuria with a high

protein-to-creatinine ratio. histologic examination : interstitial nephritis and a diffuse

glomerulonephritis, with multifocal thickening of the Bowmans capsule. Transmission electron

microscopy showed widespreadfibrillary deposits in the glomerular basement membrane and in the

mesangium. These fibrils ranged between 18 and 26 nm in diameter and were Congo red negative, which

allowed their differentiation from amyloid. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated expression forimmunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) within the mesangium. Renal deposits of

Congo rednegative amyloid-like fibrils have been described in humans, horses, monkeys, and dogs

Nasal Acinic Cell Carcinoma in a Cat Vet Path 2008 May: acinic cell carcinoma arising from a minor

salivary gland of the nasal cavity. Acinic cell carcinoma is a rare tumor in veterinary medicine. The tumor

is composed mainly ofcells resembling serous cells of salivary glands and originates from major or minor

salivary glands.


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Pathology of Experimental SARS Coronavirus Infection in Cats and Ferrets. Vet Pathol 45:551562

(2008). All infected cats and ferrets had diffuse alveolar damage associated with SARS-CoV antigen

expression. SARS-CoV antigen expression occurred mainly in type I and II pneumocytes and serous cells

of tracheo-bronchial submucosal glands of cats and in type II

pneumocytes of ferrets. ACE2 expression occurred mainly in type I and II pneumocytes, tracheo-bronchialgoblet cells, serous epithelial cells of tracheo-bronchial submucosal glands in cats, and type II pneumocytes

and serous epithelial cells of tracheo-bronchial submucosal glands in ferrets. syncytia and hyalinemembranes were not observed.

Feline Systemic Reactive Angioendotheliomatosis: Eight Cases and Literature Review. Vet Pathol42:608617 (2005). Microscopic examination revealed occlusive, intraluminal proliferations of spindle

cells within small vessels. The heart was consistently involved, and myocardial dysfunction was the

probable cause of illness in all cats. Immunohistochemically, the majority of intravascular cells expressed

von Willebrand factor, and a smaller number expressed smooth muscle actin, compatible with a dual

population ofendothelial cells and pericytes. The histopathology resembles reactive

angioendotheliomatosis in humans, abenign cutaneous intravascular endothelial and pericytic proliferativecondition.

Neuropathology of Italian Cats in Feline Spongiform Encephalopathy Surveillance. Vet Pathol

45:626633 (2008). neoplasia (21.8%), toxic-metabolic encephalopathy (18.2%), granulomatousencephalitis (15.5%), suppurative encephalitis (4.6%), trauma (3.6%), circulatory disorders (3.6%),degeneration (2.7%), nonsuppurative encephalitis (2.7%), and neuromuscular diseases (1.8%). No

histologic lesions were found in 20% of the brains, and samples from 5.5% of the cats were rejected as

unsuitable.

Feline Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis with Multiorgan Involvement. Vet Pathol 45:816

824 (2008). Macroscopically, extensive, multifocal to confluent, pulmonary masses were evident.

Infiltration ofpancreas (2 cats), kidneys (1 cat), liver(1 cat), as well as tracheobronchial, hepatosplenic, or

mesenteric lymph nodes (2 cats) was observed by gross or microscopic examination. The infiltrating cells

had histiocytic morphology with cytologic atypia characterized by anisokaryosis and hyperchromasia.

Lesional histiocytes expressed vimentin, CD18, and E-cadherin. Transmission electron microscopy

demonstrated intracytoplasmic organelles consistent with Birbecks granules of Langerhans cells in the

lesional histiocytes.

Cutaneous Rhabdoid Tumor in a Cat. Vet Pathol 45:897900 (2008). Rhabdoid tumor is a highly

aggressive neoplasm ofunknown cellular origin in humans, usually occurring in the kidney and central

nervous system of infants or children. A subcutaneous mass in a 13-year-old male mixed-breed cat was

composed of nests or sheets of round to polygonal cells with glassy eosinophilic cytoplasmic

inclusions. Immunohistochemically, many neoplastic cells expressed vimentin, localized to the cytoplasmic

inclusions, whereas the cytoplasm of some neoplastic cells was diffusely positive for neuron-specific

enolase, neurofilament, or S-100 protein. By electron microscopy, the cytoplasmic inclusions were

found to be composed of aggregates of intermediate filaments.

Prostatic Squamous Metaplasia in a Cat with Interstitial Cell Neoplasia in a Retained Testis. Vet

Pathol 45:905909 (2008). During a celiotomy and prepubic urethrostomy, a retained testis, stenosed

urethra, and irregularly enlarged prostate were observed. Histopathologic diagnosis was retained testis with

a well-differentiated interstitial cell tumor, a poorly differentiated interstitial cell tumor, and marked

squamous metaplasia of the prostatic epithelium with suppurative prostatitis . Neoplastic interstitial

cells were immunoreactive for Melan A, consistent with reports of Melan A expression in steroid

hormone-producing tissue.

Feline intestinal T-cell lymphoma: assessment of morphologic and kinetic features

in 30 cases. J Vet Diagn Invest 21:277279 (2009). Neoplastic lesions were composed

predominantly ofsmall (n 5 21) or medium to large (n 5 9) anaplastic cells.


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Metastatic angioinvasive lymphoma (lymphomatoid granulomatosis) in a cat. J Vet

Diagn Invest 21:390394 (2009). Angioinvasive lymphoma (AIL), often referred toas lymphomatoid granulomatosis, is a rare lymphoproliferative disease that primarily

affects the lung. Features of AIL include a polymorphous lymphoid infiltrate,

transmural invasion of blood vessel walls by atypical lymphoid cells, angiodestruction,and necrosis. A subcutaneous mass was characterized histopathologically by

granulomatous inflammation, sheets of large atypical lymphoid cells, and necrosis. The

walls of the small and medium caliber blood vessels were invaded transmurally byatypical lymphoid cells. A diagnosis of angioinvasive lymphoma (AIL), or lymphomatoid

granulomatosis, was made based on histopathologic findings. neoplastic cell infiltrates

were seen in adjacent skeletal muscle, right superficial inguinal lymph node, liver,

and spleen. By immunohistochemistry, variable numbers of neoplastic cellsexpressed B-lymphocyte antigen 36 (BLA36) or cluster of differentiation (CD)3

markers, indicative of B- and T-cell lineages, respectively. Neoplastic cells were

uniformly positive forvimentin and uniformly negative for cytokeratins and

myeloid/histiocytic antigen.

Clinical, Histologic, and Immunohistochemical Analyses of Feline Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Situ:

Two forms actinic keratosis (AK) and Bowenoid in situ carcinoma (BISC; Gross AK=plaque like to

papillated, solitary, on pinnae, nose and eyelids ofwhite cats.BISC=multifocal, crusted plaque, any

location including dark pigmented areas; Histo: feline AK is less hyperplastic and hair follicles less deeply

affected. Conclusion: BISC can be reliably diagnosed histologically. IHC for p53 and papillomavirus

antigen support that sun exposure and papillomavirus are involved in pathogenesis of AK and BISC

respectively

Feline Gastrointestinal Eosinophilic Sclerosing Fibroplasia: vomiting was main presenting sign;

peripheral hypereosinophilia in 58% cases; 50% had mass inpyloric sphincter; lymph nodes were also

involved (both sclerosing and eosinophilic lympadenitis) Histo:branching and anastomosing trabeculae ofdense collagen, with large spindle cells (myofibrolasts), infiltrate of eosinophils, mast cells and neutrophils;

did not extend to serosa;

Immunophenotypic and Histologic Classification of 50 Cases ofFeline Gastrointestinal Lymphoma:

Vet Pathol 46:259-268 (2009). Overall, B-cell tumorspredominated at 54%, T-celltumors

comprised 38. Of all the GI lymphoma, small intestinal lymphomapredominated, with 74% (37/50) of cats

affected: T-cell tumorscomprised 52% and 38% was B-cell tumors. Allgastric lymphomas were of B-cell

lineage (diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of immunoblastic nuclear type)

Molecular Characterization of Feline COX-2 and Expression in Feline Mammary Carcinomas: COX-

2derivedprostaglandins are thought to promote cancer progression by angiogenesis, apoptosis resistance,

the immune system, and tumor cell invasiveness. Upregulatedexpression of COX-2 has been documented

in many cancers in humans. Feline COX-2 amino acid sequence is highly similarto other mammalian

COX-2 homologs. 87% ofmammary carcinoma expressed COX-2 at a low, intermediate and levels


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The Progenitor Cell Compartment in the Feline Liver: An (Immuno)Histochemical Investigation.

Vet Pathol 46:614621 (2009). In acute and chronic feline liver diseases a ductular reaction is present,

whether in the parenchyma or in a portal or septal location. The putative progenitor cells could easily be

demonstrated by staining forCK7, whereas they were generally negative for Hepar1 and MRP2. In a

parenchymal ductular reaction mitotic figures and cells with an intermediate hepatobiliary phenotype could

be demonstrated. This is the first account of hepatic progenitor cells in feline liver.

Anal Sac Gland Carcinoma in 64 Cats in the United Kingdom (19952007). Vet

Pathol 46:677683 (2009). Immunohistochemistry and the use of the glandular

cytokeratin antibody (CAM 5.2). Median survival of 3 months. Survival rates at 1 and 2

years were 19 and 0%, respectively.

Purkinje Fiber Dysplasia (Histiocytoid Cardiomyopathy) with Ventricular

Noncompaction in a Savannah Kitten. Vet Pathol 46:693697 (2009). Abnormal

Purkinje fibers and biventricular myocardial trabeculation or noncompaction. ThePurkinje fibers were large, angular, and tightly packed. They contained few

disorganized myofibrils among a rarified cytoplasm. The fibers were distinct from

adjacent myocytes and were immunohistochemically positive fordesmin, muscle actin,myoglobin, sarcomeric actin, and chromogranin A. These findings are identical to

those that occur in children with histiocytoid cardiomyopathy, a fatal genetic

mitochondrial disorder of Purkinje fibers. Ventricular noncompaction likely has

a multifactoral cause that results from fetal arrest of ventricular organizationaldevelopment that might occur in conjunction with, or independent of, histiocytoid

cardiomyopathy.

Genetic variability of archived Cytauxzoon felis histologic specimens from domestic

cats in Georgia, 19952007. J Vet Diagn Invest 21:493498 (2009). Eleven different

combined ITS1 and ITS2 sequences were identified, the majority of which were identical

to those previously reported in fatally infected cats from Georgia. The findings of thecurrent study document the existence of genetically distinct C. felis populations in

historical samples and, together with data from contemporary samples, demonstrate adiverse population structure for C. felis.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type-I-like syndrome in 2 cats. pp345-52. May 2006

AR

2 DSH cats: symmetric alopecia, insulin resistant DM, pit-dep. hyperadrenocorticism

Skin: Atrophic dermatosis assoc w/hyperadrenocorticism; 1 also had paraneoplastic

alopecia assoc w/pancreatic adenocarcinoma

Both cats: Multiple invasive pancreatic -cell carcinomas, pituitary corticotroph

adenomas, thyroid C-cell & parathyroid chief cell hyperplasia; Pancreatic exocrineadenocarcinoma

Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN):

MEN-1: Various combos ofparathyroid, pituitary, and pancreatic endocrine tumors

o Also assoc with carcinoids, thyroid neoplasms, C-cell hyperplasia,

adrenocortical hyperplasia/adenoma, mesenchymal tumors

o Autosomal dominant with mutation ofmenin gene


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MEN-2A: Thyroid medullary carcinoma, pheochromocytoma & parathyroid

hyperplasia

MEN-2B: Familial thyroid adenocarcinoma syndrome

MEN-like syndromes in dogs, horses, bulls, ferrets, mice

Gastric Adenocarcinoma and Chronic Gastritis in Two Related Persian Cats. VetPathol 43:358-362 (2006 May)

- Intralesional adult Ollulanus tricuspis nematodes and rare surface-associatedspiral-

shaped bacteria were identified in one cat.- No reports of gastric adenocarcinoma associated with O. tricuspis infection in the cat.

- Other helminths: Spirocerca lupi, Schistosoma sp., and Taenia taeniaeformis larvae,

are associated-Helicobacterspp. associated with gastric adenocarcinoma in humans, ferrets-Noninfectious chronic inflammatory lesions affecting the cat have a propensity for

malignant transformation: vaccine-associated sarcoma and trauma-induced uveal sarcoma

Multicentric physeal dysplasia in 2 cats. pp388-90. May 2006 NW- 2 cats with feline physeal dysplasia and slipped capital femoral epiphysis

- The retention of an open physis and the disorganization of the chondrocytes is awidespread, multicentric lesion (proximal and distal femurs and humerus) that

precedes atraumatic separation

- Physeal dysplasia in cats is a widespread multicentric disorder of chondrocytes thatprecedes the development of slipped capital femoral epiphysis.

- A condition of young, predominantlymale, frequently overweight cats

Helicobacter spp. in Cats: Association between Infecting Species and Epithelial

Proliferation within the Gastric Lamina PropriaJ. Comp. Path. 2009, Vol. 141, 127e134

Histopathology: Lamina propria contained mild mononuclear inflammatory infiltration,the presence oflymphoid follicles, fibrosis and glandular degeneration. These changeswere most severe in thepyloric antrum. There was significant association between

infection with gastric Helicobacter spp. and the presence of lymphoid follicles, and

between infection and epithelial proliferation in the antrum.

Occurrence, Morphological Characterization and Antigen Localization ofFelid

Herpesvirus-Induced Pneumonia in Cats: a Retrospective Study (2000e2006).

Histopathology: The microscopic changes included fibrinonecrotic pneumonia and

severe necrosis of the bronchial and bronchiolar epithelium.

Considered as a differential diagnosis for fibrinous bronchopneumonia in cats and IHC

for confirmation (virus in the lungs).

Uncommon mediastinal cyst-like manifestation of feline infectious peritonitis

Veterinary Record(2009) 165, 239-241 Gross lesions: Thickening of the parietal and visceralpleura and a cyst-like encapsulated effusion originating from the mediastinal pleura and

taking up a large part of the left thorax, compressing the mediastinum and the heart over

to the right side of the thorax. Histopathology: The encapsulated lesion originated from


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mediastinal pleura and had severe, diffuse, pyogranulomatous inflammation of the

pleurae and pericardium. The pleura was positive for FVCoV by IHC.

Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Expression in Canine

and Feline Meningioma. Vet Pathol 46:836845 (2009). The most common histotype

was malignant in dogs (12/28) and transitional in cats. MMPs showed a diffusecytoplasmic pattern. highest values ofMMP-2 and MMP-9 were observed in a

psammomatous and meningothelial tumor. It has been reported that a highproliferative

index in the tumor is associated with low progesterone receptor (PR) concentration,suggesting that PR expression in canine and feline meningiomas is a reliable prognostic

factor in the evaluation of this tumor, as well as in humans respectively.

Reduced PTEN Protein Expression and Its Prognostic Implications in Canine and

Feline Mammary Tumors. Vet Pathol 46:860868 (2009). Phosphatase and tensin

homolog (PTEN) belongs to the group of gatekeeper tumor suppressor genes.

Significant loss of PTEN protein expression found in simple carcinoma histotype,

lymphatic vessel invasion, lymph node metastases, distant organ metastases, tumordedifferentiation, tumor recurrence, and shorter overall survival. In feline mammary

tumors, a significant correlation between loss of PTEN protein expression and lymphaticvessel invasion was found. Loss of PTEN expression could be a useful prognostic marker

in canine mammary carcinomas.

Severe polymyositis and neuritis in a cat: JAVMA: Mononuclear cell inflammationwith myofibers loss, atrophy, and fibrosis. In nerves and muscle. Negative for

toxoplasma. Formalin fixation reduces enzyme activity and glycogen and lipids.

Impossible to identify muscle fiber types.

A Retrospective Study ofEyelid Tumors from 43 Cats. Vet Pathol 46:916927

(2009). squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) > mast cell tumors (MCTs) > 6hemangiosarcomas (HSAs) > 4 adenocarcinomas (ACAs) > 3 peripheral nerve sheath

tumors (PNSTs) > 3 lymphomas = apocrine hidrocystomas (AHCs) > hemangiomas.

HAS, MCT, SCC had excisional cure and good prognosis.

Overexpression ofHER-2 in Feline Invasive Mammary Carcinomas: An

Immunohistochemical Survey and Evaluation of Its Prognostic Potential: Her-2/neu (c-

erbB-2) is a transmembrane receptor with intrinsic tyrosine-kinase activity, and it isrelated to the epidermal growth receptor family, believed to play important roles in

cancer development. The overexpression of this protein is caused by the amplification of

the HER-2/neu protooncogeHER-2. overexpression was detected in 59 % of carcinomas.Overexpression was significantly correlated with the shorter overall survival. However,

the HER-2 overexpression did not show significant correlation with histologic type,

tumor grading, or presence of lymphatic invasion.

Melanotroph Pituitary Adenoma in a Cat with Diabetes Mellitus: cat was referred for

insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus and had a ravenous appetite and a dull coat. Pituitary

adenoma originating from thepars intermedia with infiltration into the neural lobe. The


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adenoma immunostained intensely positive for -MSH and only weakly for ACTH.

ACTH-independent cortisol production was probably due to the (weak)

glucocorticorticotropic effects of the extremely high plasma concentration of -MSH.Cats presenting with insulin-resistant diabetes mellitus DDX= GH excess (acromegaly),

hyperadrenocorticism, double adenoma (somatotroph and corticotroph adenoma leading

to GH excess and hypercortisolism), melanotroph adenoma.

Copper-associated Chronic Hepatitis and Cirrhosis in a European Shorthair Cat:

cat had ascites and an irregularly nodular liver. Histo: chronic hepatitis with cirrhosisassociated with massive accumulation of copper in hepatocytes and macrophages,

particularly in the fibrotic areas between the regenerative nodules.

Morphologic Features and Development ofGranulomatous Vasculitis in Feline

Infectious Peritonitis: FIP seems to develop in the individual infected animal when

FCoV acquires virulence by deletions in open reading frames 3 and 7, coding for

nonstructural proteins of unknown function. Vascular inflammatory processes were

restricted to small and medium-sized veins mainly in leptomeninges, renal cortex, eyes,lungs, liver and mainly composed of macrophages. Lack of arterial involvement and the

involvement of small and medium-sized veins rather than postcapillary venules excludesthe classification of FIP vasculitis as small or medium-sized vessel vasculitis. Neither in

this nor in an experimental study was there evidence for direct infection of EC by FCoV.

Hepatobiliary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma in Cats: A Clinicopathologic,

Immunohistochemical, and Ultrastructural Study of 17 Cases: The hepatic

neuroendocrine carcinomas had two patterns, one with acinar structures separated by

vascular stroma lined by cuboidal/columnar cells and the other solid with groups ofanaplastic cells. The extrahepatic neuroendocrine carcinomas and the gallbladder

neuroendocrine carcinoma were chr by solid sheets of round to oval cells with

fibrovascular stroma. IHC: 100% stained withNSE; one bile duct carcinoma and thegallbladder carcinoma stained with chromogranin; four of five bile duct carcinomas and

the gall bladder carcinoma stained with synaptophysin; and one bile duct carcinoma

stained with gastrin

Lipid-rich Carcinoma of the Mammary Gland in a Cat: multilobular, expansile mass

in which lobules were composed of tubuloacinar structures formed by atypical round to

polygonal cells, which contained foamy to microvacuolated cytoplasm. Neoplastic cellswere positive for cytokeratin and and the vacuoles stainedpositively with Oil RedO and

negatively with PAS and Alcian blue stains.

Pathology of End-stage Remodeling in a Family of Cats with Hypertrophic

Cardiomyopathy: HCM is heterogeneous disease with many phenotypes, including the

dilated phase or end stage, which we propose to call end-stage hypertrophiccardiomyopathy (ES-HCM). Grossly, there was left atrial dilation with relative thinning

of the interventricular septum (IVS) and left ventricular free wall (LVFW) and dilation of

the ventricular chamber. The left atrium contained large thrombi in 2 of 3 cats, and all

three cats died following thromboembolization of the aortic bifurcation. Histo: all 3 cats


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had subendocardial and myocardial fibrosis, predominantly of the IVS and LVFW, and 1

cat had acute, myocardial infarcts with mononuclear cell infiltrates. The pathogenesis of

ES-HCM is uncertain, but theories implicate occlusion of the coronary blood flow bythickening of the coronary vessels, coronary vascular thromboembolism or coronary

vessel spasm, apoptosis of myocytes, and myocardial hypertrophy beyond the ability of

the vasculature to supply blood.

Idiopathic Complex Polysaccharide Storage Disease in an Abyssinian Cat: A glycogen storage disease

affecting primarily the skeletal muscle and, to a lesser degree, the cardiac muscle, spinal cord, and brain

was diagnosed in a 10-year-old neutered Abyssinian cat with a 4-year history of paresis progressing to

acute paralysis. Histo: tissues contained inclusions that were pale basophilic in hematoxylin and eosin

stained slides, diastase resistant, periodic acidSchiff positive, and blue-to-almost black with iodine stain.

Glycogen storage disease affecting multiple tissues has been reported only in Norwegian forest cats as a

lethal inherited metabolic disease due to a deficiency of glycogen branching enzyme (glycogen storage

disease type IV).

Feline Systemic Reactive Angioendotheliomatosis: Eight Cases and Literature Review: rare,

multisystemic intravascular proliferative disorder was

identified in 8 cats. Histo: occlusive, intraluminalproliferations of spindle cells within small vessels. The heart was consistently involved, and myocardial

dysfunction was theprobable cause of illness in all cats. Other organs commonly involved were spleen,

kidney and LN. Intravascular cells expressed vWF factor, and a smaller number expressed smooth muscle

actin,compatible with a dual population of endothelial cells and pericytes,suggesting a reactive rather than

a neoplastic process.

Two Cases of Feline Malignant Craniopharyngioma: Tumors at the cranial base in 2 cats were

diagnosed as malignant craniopharyngioma. Histo: the tumor was divided into four parts: 1) a small acinus

part, in which relatively large cells with a pale cytoplasmcomposed small acini; 2) a duct part, in which

small cuboidalcells composed ducts; 3) a cyst part, in which there were large cysts lined with flat cells; and

4) a pavement part, in whichlarge multiangular-shaped cells proliferated in a pavement pattern.Some of the

epithelial cells were keratin positive. Craniopharyngioma is a generally benign tumor that develops over thediaphragm of sella or sometimes in the sella turcica, and consists of neoplastic cells with characteristics of

epithelium.

Putative Metronidazole Neurotoxicosis in a Cat: The cat had been treated for inflammatorybowel

disease with prednisone and metronidazole. Cl. signs acute tetraparesis, unresponsiveness, tremors, and

vocalization. Necropsy revealed no significant macroscopic lesions. Histologic evaluation revealed

multifocal, fairly well-demarcated foci of necrosis in the brainstem,extending from the diencephalon to the

medulla oblongata.

Histologic Features Associated with Tritrichomonas foetus-induced Colitis in Domestic Cats: T.

foetus is a venereal pathogen of naturally bred cattle. In domestic cats, T. foetus colonizes the colon,

resulting in chronic, large-bowel diarrhea. More common in young, densely housed cats, and there is no

effective treatment. The presence of colonic trichomonads was the most diagnostic histologic feature.

Organisms were identified in all cats, but in only 56% sections of colon. Trichomonads were generally

present in close proximity to the mucosal surfaceand less frequently in the lumen of colonic crypts. The

presence of colonic trichomonads was consistently associated with mild-to-moderate lymphoplasmacytic

and neutrophilic colitis, crypt epithelialcell hypertrophy, hyperplasia and increased mitotic activity,

loss of goblet cells, crypt microabscesses, and attenuationof the superficial colonic mucosa. In two of


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the cats, histologic lesions were more severe and were associated with invasion of trichomonads into the

lamina propria and/or deeper layers ofthe colon.

Aberrant p53 Expression in Feline Vaccine-associated Sarcomas and Correlation with Prognosis:

Eighty spontaneously occurring feline vaccine-associated sarcomas (VAS) were evaluated. Cytoplasmic

staining for p53 was a consistent patternof VAS, occurring in 44% of tumors evaluated. Cats with tumors

that exhibited cytoplasmic p53 had significantly shorter time to tumor recurrence compared to those catswith tumors that exhibited nuclear p53 staining but no significant difference in survival outcome was

observed. Most mutations of p53 occur within several "hot spot" locations of the genome, particularly

exons 58, which are clearlylinked to tumorogenesis. Mutations in p53 have been identified in surrounding

histologically normal tissues up to 5 cm distant from thetumor known as field cancerization (preneoplastic

condition).

Feline large granular lymphocyte (LGL) lymphoma with secondary leukemia:

primary intestinal origin with

predominance of a CD3/CD8 phenotype. pp15-28. Jan 2006 NW

- Main point: An intestinal intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL), CD3 +/CD8

cytotoxic T cell: origin for feline large granular lymphocyte (LGL) - Sites ofneoplastic cell infiltrates: o Small intestine (jejunum>ileum>duodenum) some areepitheliotropico Mesenteric LN, liver, spleen, kidneys, and/or bone marrow

phenotype (most common)

Giant cell osteosarcoma (OSA) in the calvarium of a cat. pp179-82. March 2006 MT

Multinucleate giant cells (MGCs) VIM +, TRAP+, CD68, CD51 ; neg for S-100, CK

(suggests ocl origin); MGCs also MHC-II neg (suggests obl origin)

Hormone receptor expression in female malignant mammary tumors. JAVMA.

More ER and PR Benign tumors; Malignant tumors with ER and PR expression had

higher survival times. Only PR expression was associated with significant survival time.

Expression ofKIT Receptor in Feline Cutaneous Mast Cell Tumors. Vet Pathol

46:878883 (2009). According to the results, there was no correlation between the typeof MCTs and KIT expression, although the use of feline KIT immunohistochemistry

could be useful to assess the mast cell origin. Well-differentiated MCTs, Atypical MCTs,

pleomorphic MCT showed diffuse cytoplasmic KIT stain.

Hypertensive Encephalopathy in Cats with Reduced Renal Function:cats developed

a progressive syndrome of lethargy, ataxia, blindness, stupor, and seizures following an

abrupt increasein blood pressure associated with a surgical reduction in renal mass. The

cats had severe gross brain edema, evidenced by cerebellar

coning and cranialdisplacement over the corporaquadrigemina and cerebral widening and flatteningof the

gyri. Histo; interstitial edema was most pronounced in the cerebral white matter.

Hypertensive vascular lesions were present as hyaline arteriolosclerosis in one cat and

hyperplasticarteriolosclerosis in the other. Rare foci of parenchymal microhemorrhages

and necrosis were also observed Hypertensive encephalopathy is an acute neurologic


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syndromeprecipitated by an abrupt, sustained rise in systemic arterialblood pressure and

is an importantcause of neurologic disease in cats with chronic kidney disease.

Immunohistochemical Expression of c-KIT Protein in Feline Soft Tissue

Fibrosarcomas. Vet Pathol 46:934939 (2009). KIT immunoreactivity in feline ST

FSA does not correlate with the histologic grade (P 5 .141, X 2 5 2.166), survivability (P5 .241, X 2 5 1.373), or whether the neoplasm was a spontaneous or an injection siteFSA (P 5 .074, X 2 5 3.184).

Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coliinduced pneumonia in three kittens and

fecal prevalence in a clinically healthy cohort population. J Vet Diagn Invest

21:609615 (2009). hemorrhagic or bloody fibrinoserous thoracic fluid. acute

necrotizing and hemorrhagic pneumonia and pleuritis, with numerous intralesional smallGram-negative rods. A pure culture of a distinct serotype of Escherichia coli was

identified in lung tissue from each kitten (O4:H5, O6:H7, O6:H5). ExPEC-associated

genes include cytotoxic necrotizing factors (cnf-1, cnf-2), P fimbriae adhesins ( papG

allele I and papG allele III), major structural subunit of the P fimbrial shaft ( papA),pilus assembly protein ( papC ), S fimbriae (sfa), F1C fimbriae ( foc), type 1 fimbriae (

fim), hemolysin D (hlyD), pathogenicity-associated island marker (malX-PAI),

novel catecholate siderophore receptor (iroN ), Yersinia siderophore receptor( fyuA), genes associated with capsular polysaccharide synthesis (kpsMTII ), and

outer membrane peptidase (ompT ).1113,16,18 The roles that ExPEC virulence

attributes play in the pathogenicity of ExPEC strains were previouslysummarized.1,1113,18 In brief, pili or fimbriae and fimbrial adhesin molecules

promote adherence and colonization in tissue, Cnf-1 and HlyD are cytotoxins that evoke

tissue necrosis, and siderophore receptors are important for iron acquisition. ExPEC

isolates were associated with urinary tract infections, pneumonia, septicemia, and

meningitis in humans,17 urinary tract infections, genital infections, and septicemiain companion and food animals, and necrohemorrhagic pneumonia in dogs, in a horse,

and in a group of shelter cats. hemolytic E. coli fecal isolates from the cohort population,each of which had a genetic profile consistent with that typical of ExPEC.

Quadrigeminal arachnoid cysts in a kitten and a dog. J Vet Diagn Invest 21:707710

(2009). Kitten- Congenital- mild internal hydrocephalus, caudal cerebellar coning, and

cerebellar herniation through the foramen magnum were associated with a congenital

quadrigeminal arachnoid cyst compressing the rostral cerebellum and shifting theentire cerebellum caudally Dog- In contrast, a possibly acquired quadrigeminal cyst

was observed in a 2-year-old male neutered Yorkshire Terrier in association with

necrotizing encephalitis.

Disseminated cutaneous mast cell tumors with epitheliotropism and systemic

mastocytosis in a domestic cat. J Vet Diagn Invest 21:710715 (2009). Multifocally,

the neoplastic cells formed multiple small clusters of 35 cells within the epidermis.Distinct cytoplasmic granules were evident within the neoplastic cells with toluidine blue

and Giemsa stains. The neoplastic cells were immunoreactive for c-KIT and lacked

immunoreactivity for cluster of differentiation 3 with immunohistochemistry. A


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complete necropsy revealed sheets of similar neoplastic mast cells within the spleen,

liver, and individual cells scattered within the bone marrow.

Feline Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors: Histologic, Immunohistochemical, and

Clinicopathologic Correlation (59 Tumors in 53 Cats) . Vet Pathol 46:11661180

(2009). All of the tumors involved skin, subcutis, skeletal muscle, and/or mucousmembranes. Histologically, the tumors were composed of compact to loosely

arranged streams and fascicles of spindled cells with eosinophilic, often wavy

cytoplasmic processes; small to occasionally moderate amounts of collagenous tomyxoid matrix; and nuclear palisading. Immunohistochemically, all tumors were positive

for vimentin and S-100 protein, 44 of 59 were positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein

(GFAP), and all were negative for muscle specific actin. 34 benign tumors with Antoni

A areas that were S-100 protein and GFAP positive, 9 benign tumors that lacked

Antoni A areas and were S-100 protein positive and GFAP negative, and 16 tumors

with features of malignancy.

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