feedlot regulations in minnesota
DESCRIPTION
Feedlot Regulations in Minnesota. George Schwint Senior Engineer MPCA Feedlot Division. Gov’t Participants in MN Feedlots. MPCA - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency Regulatory arm of MN Gov for feedlots (Rule 7020) Provide no technical assistance (design work) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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George SchwintSenior Engineer
MPCA Feedlot Division
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Gov’t Participants in MN FeedlotsGov’t Participants in MN Feedlots• MPCA - Minnesota Pollution Control Agency• Regulatory arm of MN Gov for feedlots (Rule 7020)• Provide no technical assistance (design work)
• MDA – Minnesota Department of Agriculture• Provides assistance to producers (non-technical) and
promotes ag activities in state• BWSR – Board of Water and Soil Resources• provides some state cost share funding for projects
• DNR – Department of Natural Resources• Little to no involvement in feedlots (water appropriations)
• NRCS • Provides cost share (EQUIP) and technical assistance
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MPCA StructureMPCA Structure
• MPCA leadership is actually a group of eight citizens appointed by the Governor • Referred to as the MPCA Citizen’s Board• Makes final decisions on certain permits or actions
or if requested via petition• MPCA also has a commissioner appointed by
the Governor• Authorizes day to day activities• Chairs Citizens Board
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What is a CAFO in MNWhat is a CAFO in MN
• Head Count – Federal CAFO Rule• 1000 cattle• 2500 swine• 700 Dairy Cows
• Animal Units (AU) – State Rule• 1,000 or more AU in any combination• 1 steer = 1 AU• 1 swine 55-300 lbs = 0.3 AU• 1 Dairy Cow over 1000 lbs = 1.4 AU
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How Many CAFO’sHow Many CAFO’s
• 1,093 total CAFO’s• 62 Primarily Dairies• 67 Primarily Beef
• 10 Federal CAFO’s but NOT over 1000 AU• 786 Primarily Swine
• 305 Federal CAFO’s but NOT over 1000 AU• 168 Primarily Poultry
• 67 Federal CAFO’s but NOT over 1000 AU• 9 Feedlots over 1000 AU but NOT Federal CAFO
• Combo of Animals not over any one Federal Threshold• 1 Horse Facility
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General vs Individual NPDES PermitGeneral vs Individual NPDES Permit
• General Permit – 1,049 Facilities (96%)• Eligibility Criteria• No pollution hazzards• No “New Technology”• No history of problems• No land app of liquid manure in winter
• In process of reissuance of all Permits• Individual Permit – 23 Facilities (2%)• Majority have issues that need fixing• 2 have large infiltration areas for open lot runoff
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Doc’s Required with NPDES Permit AppDoc’s Required with NPDES Permit App
• Air Emissions Plan• Emergency Response Plan• Operation & Maintenance Plan• Animal Mortality Plan• Manure Management Plan (MMP)• Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPP)• Stormwater req’s incorporated into feedlot permit
• Plans and specs • Liquid Manure Storage Areas only
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Air Emissions PlanAir Emissions Plan
• Methods to minimize air emissions (BMP’s)• Measures to mitigate air emissions in the event of
an exceedance of the state ambient H2S standard• 50 ppb – no more than 2 times per year• 30 ppb - no more than 2 times 5 consecutive days• Exemption for manure removal (21 days max)
• A complaint response protocol• List of potential odor sources and which sources most
likely to generate significant odors• Anticipated odor control strategies
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Manure Management PlansManure Management Plans
• Required whenever a permit is issued• Keep updated at all times for CAFO’s or facilities
over 300 AU not using Commercial Applicator• Components for CAFO’s• One Year Field & Rate Specific • only portion needed for non-CAFO’s
• Methodology for remaining years of permit term• All Fields and Crops scenarios possible• Follow all applicable rule requirements• Utilize University rec’s and data for rate determination
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Nitrogen Rate ManagementNitrogen Rate Management
Crop Yield Previous Crop
Crop 2 years ago
Max Nitrogen
Corn Any Corn No Alfalfa 180Corn Any Corn Alfalfa 130Corn Any Soybeans No Alfalfa 140Corn Any Alfalfa Any 80Wheat 60 – 69 bu Corn No Alfalfa 110Wheat 60 – 69 bu Soybeans No Alfalfa 90
• U of MN changed N Rec’s (for corn only) to not be yield dependent• MPCA instituted Max N rate
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Soil Phosphorus ManagementSoil Phosphorus ManagementSoil Test
Value (ppm)< 22 Bray
< 17 Olsen22 – 75 Bray
17 – 60 Olsen76 – 150 Bray
61 – 120 Olsen> 150 Bray
> 120 Olsen
More than 300 ft from water
No P Mgmt Requirements
No P Mgmt Requirements
No P Mgmt Requirements
Permit Required
Less than 300 ft from waters
No P Mgmt Requirements
No P Buildup over 6 years
Permit Required
Permit Required
• Waters include Lakes, rivers, streams, intermittent streams, protected wetlands, unbermed drainage ditches, and tile intakes when soil P levels are above 75 Bray or above 21 Bray at a CAFO
• Restrictions do not apply if a 100 ft non-manured vegetative buffer along lakes and streams, or a 50 ft non-manured vegetative buffer along intermittent streams, protected wetlands, and unbermed drainage ditches is maintained
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Winter ApplicationWinter Applicationof Manure at CAFO’sof Manure at CAFO’s
• No liquid winter application unless emergency• Winter is after Dec 1 and frozen or snow covered• Must identify some emergency fields in the MMP
• < 4% slope, 3500 gal/acre max & no more than 60 lbs P• Solid Manure Application• No active snowmelt
• 2 inches of snow and 40oF• Slope less than 6%• MN P Index rating of low (2.0 or less)• 50% chance of ¼ inch of rainfall• Must identify fields in MMP
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MMP’s IncorporatedMMP’s IncorporatedInto NPDES PermitsInto NPDES Permits
• Web notice for 30 days• So far very few comments on permits• So far process has been going well
• Create a broad plan to avoid frequent changes to Permit terms on subsequent web notices• List all possible fields & crops• Follow U of MN rec’s
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MMP DevelopmentMMP Development
• No specific format required• Developed a Excel based spreadsheet for
public use• Meets all rule and permit req’s• Includes methodology
• Can use other formats• NRCS software in combo with written methodolgy
portions
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New/Updated ComponentsNew/Updated Componentsof General NPDES Permitof General NPDES Permit
• No winter application of liquid manure• Feed storage area runoff must be contained• Basins or infiltration areas
• Groundwater Monitoring Incorporated• Within O&M plan for facility
• Anaerobic Digestion Incorporated• Account for digester in Air Emissions Plan• Startup, breakdowns, by-passes
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Environmental ReviewEnvironmental Review
• Environmental Assessment Worksheet (EAW)• Mandatory for expansions of 1,000 AU or more• within a 3 year period • in the same geographic area
• Mandatory threshold at 500 AU in sensitive areas • Shoreland, Floodplain, DWSMA, Karst Features
• Exemption for facilities with less than 1,000 AU • hold a public meeting prior to permit application• not in a sensitive areas
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Recent Misc. Items of InterestRecent Misc. Items of Interest
• HDPE lined Basin Bubbles• Includes those vented
• Revocation and Reissuance of a Permit and later Denial of Permit Reissuance• History of noncompliance• H2S violations
• Public health hazard
• Bad Actor Statute