federalism definition - pros and cons - list of countries.docx

7/25/2019 federalism definition - pros and cons - list of countries.docx

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The majority of states in the world have a unitary system ofgovernment. Of the 193 UN member states, 16 of them aregoverned as unitary states.

!ederal Unitary!ederalism is a system ofgovernment in whi"h thesame territory is "ontrolledby two levels of government.#enerally, an overar"hingnational government governsissues that a$e"t the entire"ountry, and smallersubdivisions govern issues of

lo"al "on"ern.

%oth the nationalgovernment and the smaller&oliti"al subdivisions havethe &ower to ma'e laws andboth have a "ertain level ofautonomy from ea"h other.

( unitary state is a stategoverned as a single &owerin whi"h the "entralgovernment is ultimatelysu&reme and anyadministrative divisions )sub*national units+ eer"ise only&owers that the "entralgovernment "hooses to

delegate.

-n a unitary state, sub*national units are "reatedand abolished, and their&owers may be broadenedand narrowed, by the "entralgovernment. (lthough&oliti"al &ower may be

delegated through devolutionto lo"al governments bystatute, the "entralgovernment remainssu&reme it may abrogate thea"ts of devolvedgovernments or "urtail their&owers.

Unitary !ederal

(dvantages/aws may be a&&lieduniformly to all

/aws may be made tosuit individual needs ofthe states

#overnment

0$orts seldom du&li"ateor "ontradi"t themselves

Tyranny "an be avoidedmore easily

e"ision*

ma'ing !ast and e2"ient

#overnment is "loser to

the &eo&leisadvantages

on"entration of &ower"an lead to tyranny

-f the "ountry is large, adistant "entral

4tate governments aresus"e&tible to 5uarrels

The "ountry has a
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nationshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_divisionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Administrative_divisionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_(social_and_political)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devolutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_governmenthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statutehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Member_states_of_the_United_Nations


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government "an lose"ontrol

entral o2"ials may not

always understand theneeds of their "itiens

tenden"y to s&lit a&art

4ub*governments may

la"' resour"es that a"entral government has

Federalism refers to the mied or "om&ound mode ofgovernment, "ombining a general government )the "entralor 7federal7 government+ with regional governments)&rovin"ial, state, Land, "antonal, territorial or other sub*unitgovernments+ in a single &oliti"al system. -ts distin"tive

feature, eem&li8ed in the founding eam&le of modernfederalism of the United 4tates of (meri"a under theonstitutionof 1:9, is a relationshi& of &arity between thetwo levels of government established.-t "an thus be de8nedas a form of government in whi"h there is a division of&owers between two levels of government of e5ual status.

The &ros and "ons of federalism have been the subje"t ofdebate sin"e the "reation of the re&ubli".

Federalisms Advantages

;ro&onents argue that federalism does the followingunning a "ountry the sie ofthe United 4tates, with su"h a diverse &o&ulation, ismu"h easier to do if &ower is given to lo"al o2"ials./i'ewise, state and lo"al o2"ials are "loser to the&roblems of their areas, so it ma'es sense for them to"hoose &oli"ies to solve those &roblems.

Creates laboratories of democracy: 4tategovernments "an e&eriment with &oli"ies, and other

states )and the federal government+ "an learn fromtheir su""esses and failures.

Example: alifornia has fre5uently led the nation inenvironmental regulations< =any measures ado&ted byalifornia are subse5uently ado&ted by other states. (ndduring the 199?s, @is"onsin governor Tommy Thom&son
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_constitutionhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_of_Americahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_constitution


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e&erimented with welfare &oli"y, and those e&erimentsinAuen"ed federal welfare reform.

Leads to political stability:%y removing the nationalgovernment from some "ontentious issue areas,federalism allowed the early U.4. government toa"hieve and maintain stability.

Encourages pluralism: !ederal systems e&andgovernment on national, state, and lo"al levels, giving&eo&le more a""ess to leaders and o&&ortunities to getinvolved in their government.

Ensures the separation of powers and prevents

tyranny: 0ven if one &erson or grou& too' "ontrol of allthree bran"hes of the federal government, federalismensures that state governments would still fun"tioninde&endently. !ederalism, therefore, ful8lls theframersB vision of a governmental stru"ture thatensures liberty.

Federalisms isadvantages

riti"s argue that federalism falls short in two waysussia)H6 oblasts, C1 re&ubli"s, nine 'rais, four

autonomous o'rugs, three federal "ities, oneautonomous oblast+

4aint Fitts and Nevis)two states+

4outh 4udan)ten states+

4udan)1 states+

4witerland)C6 "antons+

United (rab 0mirates)seven emirates+

United 4tates)? states, one in"or&orated territory,and one federal distri"t< istri"t of olumbia+
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_District_(Brazil)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoroshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjouanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Comorehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh%C3%A9lihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Ethiopiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governorates_of_Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Territory_(Malaysia)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuuk_Statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosraehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpeihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zones_of_Nepalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Nigeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Capital_Territory_(Nigeria)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krais_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdivisions_of_South_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirates_of_the_United_Arab_Emirateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incorporated_territoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Brazilhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_District_(Brazil)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canadahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comoroshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anjouanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grande_Comorehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moh%C3%A9lihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiopiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Ethiopiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Germanyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_and_territories_of_Indiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Governorates_of_Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regions_of_Iraqhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi_Kurdistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Malaysiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Territory_(Malaysia)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Mexicohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexico_Cityhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federated_States_of_Micronesiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chuuk_Statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kosraehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pohnpeihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaphttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zones_of_Nepalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Nigeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Capital_Territory_(Nigeria)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Pakistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republics_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krais_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jewish_Autonomous_Oblasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Kitts_and_Nevishttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subdivisions_of_South_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Sudanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzerlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Arab_Emirateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emirates_of_the_United_Arab_Emirateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/U.S._statehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Incorporated_territoryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_of_Columbia


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Ieneuela)C3 states, one "a&ital distri"tand onefederal de&enden"y+

Unitary #overnments

(fghanistan

(lbania

(lgeria

(ngola

(rmenia

(erbaijan

%angladesh

%elarus

%enin

%olivia

%otswana

%ulgaria

%ur'ina !aso

%urundi

ameroon

a&e Ierde

entral (fri"an >e&ubli"

had

hile

hinaJHK

olombia

ongo

osta >i"a

roatia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_Capital_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_dependencies_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_dependencies_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angolahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armeniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beninhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boliviahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkina_Fasohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burundihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Verdehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state#cite_note-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Ricahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/States_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Venezuelan_Capital_Districthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_dependencies_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_dependencies_of_Venezuelahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algeriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angolahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armeniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azerbaijanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bangladeshhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belarushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beninhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boliviahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botswanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgariahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burkina_Fasohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burundihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cameroonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_Verdehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_African_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chadhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chilehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unitary_state#cite_note-4https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colombiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costa_Ricahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croatia


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uba

y&rus

e"h >e&ubli"

jibouti

omini"a

omini"an >e&ubli"

emo"rati" >e&ubli" of the ongo

0ast Timor

0"uador

0gy&t

0l 4alvador

05uatorial #uinea

0ritrea

0stonia

!iji

!inland

!ran"e

#abon

#ambia

#eorgia

#hana

#ree"e

#uatemala

#uinea

#uinea*%issau

#uyana
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djiboutihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuadorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Salvadorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorial_Guineahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fijihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemalahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guineahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissauhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cubahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czech_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Djiboutihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominicahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominican_Republichttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Timorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecuadorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egypthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Salvadorhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatorial_Guineahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fijihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finlandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gabonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Gambiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgia_(country)https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghanahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greecehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guatemalahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guineahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guinea-Bissauhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guyana


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Daiti

Donduras

Dungary

-"eland

-ndonesia

-ran

-reland

-srael

-taly

-vory oast

Faa'hstan

Fenya

Firibati

Fyrgystan

/aos

/atvia

/ebanon

/iberia

/ibya

/ithuania

=a"edonia

=adagas"ar

=alawi

=aldives

=ali

=alta
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hondurashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungaryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Irelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiribatihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latviahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Macedoniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldiveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maltahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hondurashttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungaryhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Irelandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israelhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Coasthttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazakhstanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiribatihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kyrgyzstanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laoshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latviahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebanonhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libyahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithuaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Macedoniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madagascarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malawihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maldiveshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malihttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malta


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=arshall -slands

=auritania

=auritius

=oldova

=ongolia

=ontenegro

=oambi5ue

=yanmar

Namibia

Nauru

Ni"aragua

Niger

North Forea

;alau

;alestine

;anama

;araguay

;eru

;hili&&ines

;oland

;ortugal

>omania

>wanda

4amoa

4an =arino

4Lo TomE and ;rMn"i&e
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritiushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldovahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegrohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambiquehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palauhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwandahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marinohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marshall_Islandshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauritiushttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moldovahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongoliahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montenegrohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mozambiquehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myanmarhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namibiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nauruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicaraguahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nigerhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palauhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_of_Palestinehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panamahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraguayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peruhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippineshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polandhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portugalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rwandahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Marinohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe


9/10

4enegal

4erbia

4ey"helles

4ierra /eone

4inga&ore

4lova'ia

4lovenia

4outh (fri"a

4outh Forea

4ri /an'a

4uriname

4yria

Taiwan

Taji'istan

Tanania

Togo

Trinidad and Tobago

Tunisia

Tur'ey

Tur'menistan

Uganda

U'raine

Uruguay

Ube'istan

Ianuatu

Iietnam
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Leonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloveniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajikistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugandahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnamhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senegalhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seychelleshttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_Leonehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Singaporehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slovakiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sloveniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Koreahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sri_Lankahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surinamehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syriahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taiwanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tajikistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzaniahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Togohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinidad_and_Tobagohttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunisiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkeyhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turkmenistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ugandahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uruguayhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uzbekistanhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanuatuhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam


10/10

Gemen

ambia

imbabwe
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwehttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zambiahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimbabwe

federalism definition - pros and cons - list of countries.docx

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