FATTENING POTENTIAL OF GOATS FORMUTTON IN PAKISTAN

M. FATAH ULLAH KHANdrmfatahullah@gmail.com

NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH CENTRE, Islamabad

Population of goats

1005.6

597.15600

800

1000

1200

Mill

ion

Hea

ds

Goat

Goat 3rd in World

597.15

182.89 162

64.9

0

200

400

600

World Asia China India Pakisan

Mill

ion

Hea

ds

Goat

30

40

50

60

Mill

ion

Hea

ds

SheepGoat

Growth rate = 4.4 %

Growth trend of sheep and goatspopulation

Growth rate = 0.8 %

0

10

20

30

1986 1996 2006

Mill

ion

Hea

ds

Goat

Livestock Census: 1986, 1996 and 2006

Growth rate = 0.8 %

Production systems 1993(%)

2003(%)

Nomadic 44 6Transhumant 38 32

Sheep and goat production systems

Transhumant 38 32Sedentary 6 40Household 12 22Source: Ishaque, 1993 and TCP/Pak/00168, 2003

3.75

1.92

2.5

3

3.5

4M

illio

n to

ns AsiaChinaIndia

Comparative goat meat production inAsia (million tons)

0.6

0.29

0

0.5

1

1.5

Goat

Mill

ion

tons

IndiaPakistan

FAO stat, 2016

Goats meat production in Pakistan

Source of mutton 2006 2010 2016% Annualincrease

(2006-2016)

Total 554 616 686 2.38

(000 tons)

Source: Economic Survey of Pakistan 2015-16

Sheep 207 220 240 1.59

Goats 347 396 446 2.85

% Share of Goats 62.64 64.28 65.01 -

Per capita meat consumption (kg/annum)

Countries 1983 1993 2020

Developed World 74 76 83

Developing World 14 21 30Developing World 14 21 30

Pakistan 11 16 47

TCP/PAK/0186

Production traits of potential goatbreeds in Pakistan

Breeds Province Birth Wt(kg)

Growth rate(g/d) Adult Wt (kg)

Beetal Punjab 3.7 178 46Teddy Punjab 1.6 80 32Jattan Sindh 3.5 271 78Jattan Sindh 3.5 271 78Kacchan Sindh 3.5 263 68Kamori Sindh 3.5 263 72Kurri Sindh 3.0 175 50Pateri Sindh 3.6 178 70

Isani and Baluch, 1996

Proposed potential goat breeds for muttonProduction

Punjab

SindhKamori

PateriPateri

Sindh

Jattan

Kacchan

Goat fattening practices in Sindh

Fattening of goat in Sindh

Goat fattening with jantar in Sindh

Factors affecting meat production

• Breed/Genetics• Nutritional Plan• Feed conversion efficiency• Carcass yield• Mortality• Climate

• Breed/Genetics• Nutritional Plan• Feed conversion efficiency• Carcass yield• Mortality• Climate

Selection criteria for goat fattening

• Breed and area• Weight• Age• Price• Prophylactic control

• Breed and area• Weight• Age• Price• Prophylactic control

Performance of goat under feedlot

Breeds Age(months)

InitialBWt,(kg)

Final Bwt,(kg)

D.Wtg,(g/d)

Beetal kids 9 30.20 41.50 163

Beetal X Teddykids 9 24.10 35.35 163Beetal X Teddykids 9 24.10 35.35 163

Beetal goats 10-12 28.00 42.28 220

Crossbred goats 10-12 20.90 32.47 193

Sharif and Jabbar, 1999, Khan et al, 2004 ``

Feed-lot in Southern Punjab

Feedlot at NARC

FCR = 5.6Cost/kg gain = 117

Feedlot in Umarkot-Sindh

Status of meat export

Year Value % Change

2010-11 132.804 +36.8

2011-12 173.818 +30.9

2012-13 210.881 +21.3

(US$million )

2012-13 210.881 +21.3

2013-14 229.924 +9.0

2014-15 243.529 +5.9

Source: Trade Development Authority of Pakistan, 2016

Country-wise export of halal mutton fromPakistan

Country 2013-14 2014-15 2015-16Saudi Arabia 30.81 32.96 29.83

Bahrain 10.17 7.63 5.74UAE 7.67 9.77 11.62Oman 3.17 3.78 3.25

(US$ million)

Oman 3.17 3.78 3.25Kuwait 2.48 1.69 1.79Qatar 1.73 1.24 1.52Afghanistan 1.14 0.09 -Vietnam 0.54 2.38 -Others 1.21 1.64 -Total 58.92 61.17 53.75

Source: TDAP Pakistan 2016

• 47% of World Meat trade comprises of beef products (Meat of BovineFresh and Chilled Meat of Bovine, Frozen), our exports are negligible inthis segment

• Our presence in Meat of Sheep/Goat Category that comprise 16% of theworld meat market is only 0.5%

• We are ranked 19

• 97% of our mutton exports are restricted to ME Countries

Our positioning in world market

23

• 47% of World Meat trade comprises of beef products (Meat of BovineFresh and Chilled Meat of Bovine, Frozen), our exports are negligible inthis segment

• Our presence in Meat of Sheep/Goat Category that comprise 16% of theworld meat market is only 0.5%

• We are ranked 19

• 97% of our mutton exports are restricted to ME Countries

23

Male goats fattening scenario

• Fattening of 25% male goat population = 1.80 million heads

• 1 year old male goat s gained weight at 200g daily for 60 days =21.60 million kg

• Mutton production at 52% dressing percentage = 11.20 million kg

• Additional mutton production = 2.58 %

• Total goat mutton production in 2014-15 = 436 million kg

• Worth in Rs. = 7840 million

• Fattening of 25% male goat population = 1.80 million heads

• 1 year old male goat s gained weight at 200g daily for 60 days =21.60 million kg

• Mutton production at 52% dressing percentage = 11.20 million kg

• Additional mutton production = 2.58 %

• Total goat mutton production in 2014-15 = 436 million kg

• Worth in Rs. = 7840 million

Major issues

• Small flock size holding• Low Productivity under prevailing production system(low in put low

output).• Heterogeneity in Farm Field trials• The Potential of native goat breeds for feed-lot not yet fully exploited• To explore the mutton production potential of goat breed s

• Small flock size holding• Low Productivity under prevailing production system(low in put low

output).• Heterogeneity in Farm Field trials• The Potential of native goat breeds for feed-lot not yet fully exploited• To explore the mutton production potential of goat breed s

Recommendations

• Evaluation of goats for most suitable age and weight criteria for maximumgrowth rate.• De-regularization of meat price.• Strengthening of public and private sector partnership.• Creation and support for goat breed societies/associations.• Development of Disease free zone.• Prophylactic measures for health.

• Evaluation of goats for most suitable age and weight criteria for maximumgrowth rate.• De-regularization of meat price.• Strengthening of public and private sector partnership.• Creation and support for goat breed societies/associations.• Development of Disease free zone.• Prophylactic measures for health.