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National Center for Statistics & Analysis People Saving People

Fatalities and Injuries to Passenger Vehicle Occupants

0 - 8 Years Old based on Impact Attributes


Variables

• Restraint Use ¤ Child Safety Seats ¤ Lap and/or Shoulder Belts ¤ None Used ¤ Other / Unknown


Variables

• Age ¤ Less than one ¤ One to three ¤ Four to eight

• Seat Position ¤ Front Seat Passenger (middle and right side)

¤ Second Seat


Variables

• Impact Points ¤ Front impact ¤ Rear impact

¤ Near side impact ¤ Far side impact ¤ Middle seat, side impact


Variables

� Data Sources ¤ FARS – Fatalities ¤ CDS – Injuries


Exposure Data

• Number of passenger vehiclemiles traveled has increased significantly from 1991 to 1999

• Child safety seat usage rateshave increased for 0 – 3 yearolds

• Lap and/or shoulder belt usagerates have increased for 4 – 8 year olds


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Restraint Use


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Restraint Use, Age 0-8

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown None Used

Lap and/or Shoulder Belt Child Safety Seat

Data Source: FARS 1991 - 1999



0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used




Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Restraint Use, Age<1

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

180

200

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used

Lap and/or Shoulder Belt

Child Safety Seat



Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Restraint Use, Age<1

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used


Child Safety Seat




0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown None Used Lap and/or Shoulder Belt Child Safety Seat




0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used


Child Safety Seat




0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used


Child Safety Seat




0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used




Passenger Vehicle Occupant Fatality Rates per 100,000 Population, By Restraint Use,

Age 0-8

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used


Data Source: 1991 – 1999 FARS, U.S. CENSUS BUREAU


Passenger Vehicle Occupant Fatality Rates per 100,000 Population, By Restraint Use, Age <1

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999




Passenger Vehicle Occupant Fatalities Rates per 100,000 Population,

By Restraint Use, Age 1-3

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999

Other / Unknown

None Used




Passenger Vehicle Occupant Fatality Rates per 100,000 Population,

By Restraint Use, Age 4-8

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999




Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Seat Position and Restraint Use


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Seat Position and Restraint Use, Age <1

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

Front Passenger Seat

OTHER/ UNKNOWN UNRESTRAINED

LAP AND/OR SHOULDER CHILD SAFETY SEAT


Second Seat


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Seat Position and Restraint Use, Age 1-3

0

20 40

60 80

100 120

140 160 180

200

1991

1992

19

93

1994

1995

19

96

1997

19

98

1999

1991

1992

19

93

1994

19

95

1996

1997

19

98

1999


OTHER/ UNKNOWN UNRESTRAINED

LAP AND/OR SHOULDER CHILD SAFETY SEAT


Second Seat


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Seat Position and Restraint Use, Age 4-8

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99

19

91

19

92

19

93

19

94

19

95

19

96

19

97

19

98

19

99


OTHER/ UNKNOWN

UNRESTRAINED

LAP AND/OR SHOULDER

CHILD SAFETY SEAT


Second Seat


Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Impact Point, Seat Position,

and Restraint Use


Data Source: FARS 1991-1999


and Restraint Use, Age < 1

Front Seat

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT SEAT MIDDLE

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE

LAP AND/OR SHOULDER BELT

CHILD SAFETY SEAT

FRONT SEAT RIGHT



Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Impact Point, Seat Position, and Restraint Use, Age 1 - 3

Front Seat

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT SEAT MIDDLE

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CHILD SAFETY SEAT

FRONT SEAT RIGHT




Front Seat

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT SEAT MIDDLE

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CHILD SAFETY SEAT

FRONT SEAT RIGHT




and Restraint Use, Age <1

Front Seat

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

NEAR

SIDE

MIDDLE FAR

SIDE

IMPACT POINT WITH REGARD TO SEATING POSITION

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CHILD SAFETY SEAT




Front Seat

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

NEAR SIDE

MIDDLE FAR SIDE


OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CHILD SAFETY SEAT




Front Seat

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

NEAR SIDE

MIDDLE FAR SIDE


OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CHILD SAFETY SEAT





0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

SECOND SEAT LEFT

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat

SECOND SEAT RIGHT SECOND SEAT MIDDLE




0

50

100

150

200

250

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

SECOND SEAT LEFT

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat




Passenger Vehicle Occupants Killed, by Impact Point, Seat Position, and Restraint Use, Age 4 – 8

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

FRONT IMPACT

REAR IMPACT

SECOND SEAT LEFT

OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat






0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Near Side Middle Far Side


OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat




0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350



OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat




0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450



OTHER/UNKNOWN

NONE


CSS

Second Seat


Passenger Vehicle Occupant Injuries, by AIS, Body Part, and Restraint Use


Passenger Vehicle Occupant Injuries, by Body Part, Restraint Use, Age 0-8

Data Source: CDS 1991-1996, 1998-1999

Head Injuries

0

50,000

100,000

150,000

200,000

250,000

300,000

AIS 1 AIS 2 AIS 3 - 6

Child Safety Seat Lap and/or Shoulder Belt None Used

Unknown


Summary

• Number of Unrestrained fatalities and injuries have decreased forages <1, 1-3, and 4-8

• Child safety seat usage rateshave increased for 0 – 3 yearolds

• Lap and/or shoulder belt usagerates have increased for 4 – 8 year olds


Summary (cont.)

• Child Safety Seat fatalities ¤ The second seat has replaced the front seat as the most frequently chosen seating position

¤ The majority of children killed in the front seat were unrestrained


Summary (cont.)

• Front seat passenger fatalities by Impact Point ¤ Front impact – 51 % ¤ Rear impact – 4 % ¤ Near side impact – 26 % ¤ Far side impact – 9 % ¤ Middle seat, side impact – 10 %


Summary (cont.)

• Second seat passenger fatalities by Impact Point ¤ Front impact – 44 % ¤ Rear impact – 14% ¤ Near side impact – 25 % ¤ Far side impact – 9 % ¤ Middle seat, side impact – 8 %


Summary (cont.)

• Number of head injuries far exceeds number of injuries to any other body part

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