fat souble vitamins
TRANSCRIPT
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What is fat soluble vitamins?
OAre stored in the body fat and
can reach toxic level and not
absolutely needed daily from
food sources. Moreover
deficiency develop relatively
slow. Generally, fat soluble
vitamins are stable specially in
ordinary cooking.
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Fat Soluble Vitamins
VITAMIN A
VITAMIN D
VITAMIN E
VITAMIN - K
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What is Vitamin A ?
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Vitamin A( axerophtol) soluble
vitamin that can be
classified into retinols or
carotenoids. These
substances aremetabolized by the body to
form usable vitamin A.
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RetinolOIs the vitamin A found in
animal-source foodsrequire very little work bythe body in order to
convert it to true vitaminA.
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CaratenoidsO which include the very
prevalent beta carotene arepoorly converted by the
body.
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Utilization
Vitamin A
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Deficiency System
ONight blindness
OXerophthalmia
OPoor growthOPhrynoderma
OLower resistance to
infection
OBistots spot
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Toxicityresult
OHypervitaminosis A
OHair loss
OSkin changes
OPain in bones (Beyond
3000 RE per day)
OFetal malformation
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Recommended Nutrient
IntakeOMales: 19 yrs. and over (59 kg)550 mcg
RE
oFemales: 19 yrs. and over ( 51 kg) 500mcg RE
oPregnancy: (+300) 800 mcg RE
oLactation: (+400) 900 mcg REo Infant: (6-11 mos) 400 mcg RE
oChildren: (1-9 yrs.) 400 mcg RE
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Vitamin A Sources Carrots
Green Broccoli
Papaya
CantaloupeApricot
Sweet potato
Fortified milk
SpinachButter
Liver
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What is Vitamin D ?
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Vitamin DO Is a group of fat-soluble vitamins.
They are considered prohormones, or
the precursors to hormones, and areessential to endocrine health. There
are several forms of vitamin D, but the
most common are ergocalciferol
(vitamin D2) and cholecalciferol(vitamin D3) which are known together
as calciferol.
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Function of Vit. D
OPromotes hardening of
bones and teeth
OFacilitate the absorption ofcalcium and phosphorus
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Utilization
OVitamin D is absorbed through
the lacteals of the lymphatic
system. As a fat soluble vitamin,
factor that affect fat utilization
will also affect vitamin D. It is
stored in the liver, bones andsoft tissues (like the lungs and
the brain).
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O
Placental transfer ofvitamin D from the
mother to the fetus is not
enough, hence the needfor supplemental vitamin
D during pregnancy.
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Deficiency of Vit. D
OSevere: rickets in
childrenO Osteomalacia in adults.
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Toxicity resultOMild: nausea, weight loss,
irritability.
OSevere: mental and physicalgrowth retardation
O kidney damage
O Movement of calcium frombones into soft tissues.
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Recommended Nutrient
Intake
OFor infant, children,
adolescents and adult 19-49
yrs. its 5 mcgOFemale and Male 50-64 yrs. of
age its 10 mcg
OFor older person 65 yrs. andover its 15 mcg
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Food sources
Vitamin D Fortified milk
Fortified margarine
Fish oils Egg yolk
Synthesized by sunlight
action on skin.
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Vitamin E
refers to several nutrients calledtocopherols. These are fat soluble
vitamins. Of these tocopherols,
alpha-tocopherol offers the highestbioavailability. While alpha-
tocopherol seems to be the most
active, beta-tocopherol, gamma-tocopherol and delta-tocopherol
each play their complementary role.
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Functions:
OActs as an antioxidant
OPrevent break down of
vitamin A and vitamin Kand unsaturated fatty acid
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UtilizationOOur body absorb 20 to 30 % of
ingested vitamin E and absorption
decrease as intake increases. The
major storage site includesmuscle, liver and fat. Excess
vitamin E undergoes conjugation
in the liver and this is excreted viabile or urine.
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Deficiencies system
OHemolysis of red blood cells
ONerve destruction
OLow blood level of tocopherol
O Increase urinary excretion of
creatinine and decrease
excretion of creatinine.
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Toxicity resultOMuscle weakness
OHeadache
OFatigueOBlood clots
OToxic beyond 1200 IU per
day
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Recommended Nutrient
IntakeOFor adult males and
females (19 yrs. and over)
the RNI is 12 mgO10 mg alpha tocopherol
equivalent for adult men
and 8 mg a- TE for adultwomen.
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Sources of Vitamin E
Vegetable oils
Some green
and Some fruits
Wheat
Peanut Olive oil
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What is Vit. K
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Vitamin K
OVitamin K is a group of vitamins,notably vitamin K1 and vitamin K2.
Vitamin K, like vitamins A, D and E,
are fat soluble vitamins. Vitamin K1and vitamin K2 are naturally occuring
vitamins; however, theres a subset
of vitamin K which include vitamin
K3, K4, K5 all of which are synthetic
vitamins.
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Functions:
OHelp form prothrombin and other
factor for blood clotting and bone
formation
OEssential for cellular respiration and
in plants photosynthesis requires
vitamin K.
OHelp synthesize osteocalcin, a
protein found in bones.
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Utilization
OVitamin K is stable to heat, butdestroyed readily by light, oxidizing
agents, acids and alkalis. Vitamin K
is stored in the liver and is rapidlyused up. Unlike the other fat soluble
vitamins, its toxicity in excess
amount have not been
demonstrated in man.
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Deficiencies system
Oblood in stool
Oeasy bruising
Ohemorrhage
O impaired bone formation
O internal bleedingOprolonged bleeding
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Toxicity Result
OAnemia and jaundice
O Itchy or swollen skin
OPerspiration
ORapid and weak pulse
ODifficulty breathing
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Recommended Nutrient
IntakeOMale adult (19 yrs. and over) its 59
mcg
O Female adult (19 yrs. and over) its 51mcg
O For children (1-12 yrs.) 13-35 mcg/day
O For adolescents (13-18 yrs.) 49-50-140 mcg/day
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Food sources asparagus broccoli
Brussels sprouts
cabbage canola oil
cauliflower
collards
cucumbers
egg yolk
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