farming the city: role of urban agriculture in local food systems
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Farming the City: Role of Urban Agriculture in Local Food SystemsTRANSCRIPT
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Farming the City- Role of Urban Agriculture
in Local Food Systems
Summit Urban Farming Initiative (SUFI) Market Gardener Training
Presented by Brad Masi,
February 18, 2011
Friday, February 18, 2011
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Summit Urban Farming Initiative (SUFI)
• Why local food systems?
• What part does urban farming play in cultivating local food systems?
• Examples of urban farming initiatives in Northeast Ohio
• Networks and collaboration
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Schedule
6:15-6:25: Write name and one sentence vision statement on what you hope to do with this class
6:30-7:15- overview of local food systems and urban agriculture
7:15-7:30- map your vision and take a break
7:30-8:30- video case studies of urban farms
8:30-8:45- break
8:45-9:00- What assets are in the room?
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Reason #1: Resilient Economy
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Why Local Food Systems?
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Distribution of Food Dollar 1900-2005
Farmer: 40 cents to 7 cents
Distribution: 42 cents to 73
cents
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Distribution of Food Dollar 1900-2005
Distribution:•Refrigeration•Processing•Packaging•Transport•Advertising
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Distribution of Food Dollar 1900-2005
These are all activities that take place outside of our regional or
local economies.
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Distribution of Food Dollar 1900-2005
Opportunity Space:There’s a huge opportunityfor us to take over more
of the dollars spenton long-distance food
shipment and processingby reducing distribution
costs of local andshowing higher return
for farmer
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Reason #2: Public Health and Social Equity
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Health is more than just health care
• Where we live matters
• Cuyahoga County exploring the connection between health and land-use
• Access to food, gardens, green space, exercise are all driven by land-use
• Leadership from first Lady Obama
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City of Cleveland
• Passes New Years Resolution legislation to address health and nutrition issues
• Cleveland Clinic, UH, Metro, and Vincent-Chairty hospitals collaborate to connect healthy food and local food
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Reason #3: Energy and Climate
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Queensland, Australia
The disruption of exports including coal and cotton caused the Australian dollar to fall to $98.32 in early trade...
As some economists’ predictions on the damage and clean-up doubled to $13 billion, PM Julia Gillard has so far ruled out increasing the budget deficit to help Queensland re-build...
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Carbon Emissions of Northeast Ohio 4th in Nation
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A 5% increase in soil organic matter (carbon) in the top 12 inches of topsoil would off-set carbon emissions in the United States released
since the 1950’s
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A 5% increase in soil organic matter (carbon) in the top 12 inches of topsoil would off-set carbon emissions in the United States released
since the 1950’s
+Water storage
Water infiltrationFertility
Soil microbial lifeProductivity
Soil structure
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Where to get leverage?
• Economic recession, job loss?
• Public health challenges?
• Climate change and energy?
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Environment
Economy Community Health
Carbon sequestrationCarbon reduction
Soil buildingClean water
Restored biodiversity
Job creationEnterprise development
Community wealthEconomic linkages
Healthy individualsReduced health care cost
Social mixingEquitable access to food
Healthy Local Food
Systems
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Role of Urban Farming in Local Food Systems
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Why Urban Farming?
“By beautifying vacant lots and yards in nearly every section of the city, it has greatly increased realty values beside adding to the beauty of the city. But what is more important, it has made the health of the city better. It has got the people out of doors to cultivate <lower and vegetable gardens who before never ventured into a garden. They feel and live better.”
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Why Urban Farming?
“By beautifying vacant lots and yards in nearly every section of the city, it has greatly increased realty values beside adding to the beauty of the city. But what is more important, it has made the health of the city better. It has got the people out of doors to cultivate <lower and vegetable gardens who before never ventured into a garden. They feel and live better.”
-Cleveland Plain Dealer Articleon Home Gardening Association, 1907
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Back to the Future!• School garden program
developed as way to promote home gardening and use of vacant lots in Cleveland in 1904• Involved both youth and adult
education• Active until school deficits led
to its closure in 1977• Initiative replicated
throughout the world to adapt school garden concepts for their cities
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Work Relief Gardens
Gardens for unemployedworkers in
Cleveland in 1930’s
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Greenhouse Production
Northeast Ohio the “greenhouse capital” of America with more per capita production under glass than any other region in the
United States. Much production concentrated along Schaff Road in Old Brooklyn near Cleveland until late 1970’s
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Historic Role of Urban Farming
• Urban beautification (Home Gardening Association)
• Learning and community building (school gardens)
• Unemployment and economic relief (Work Relief Gardens)
• Economic production (greenhouses)
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Urban Farming Today• Vacant land re-utilization
• Food security/food access
• Employment
• Entrepreneurship
• Community building
• Learning and education
• Health
• Beautification
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Vacant Land Re-Use
Full Circle Fuels, Oberlin OH
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Food Access
Huron Road Hospital, East Cleveland, OH
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Employment
Stanard School, Cleveland, OH
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Entrepreneurship
EcoVillage Produce, Cleveland, OH
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Community Building
Berkeley Street Garden, Boston, MA
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Learning & Education
Lots of Green, Youngstown, OH
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Diet and Health
Vel’s Purple Oasis, Cleveland, OH
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Beautification
The “Yarden”, Columbus, OH
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Mental Health
Hitchcock Center for Women, Cleveland, OH
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Business Development
Tunnel Vision Hoops, Cleveland, OH
Close
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Stormwater Management
Alley Garden CoHousing, Vancouver, BC
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Waste Re-Use
Lucky’s Cafe Gardens, Cleveland, BC
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Art!
City Farm, Vancouver, BC
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Fun!
George Jones Farm, Oberlin, OH
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Urban Farming Today• Many historic strands to connect us to
historical trends in the past century
• Many modern and future trends connecting us to more long-term notions of “green and sustainable” cities in the post-cheap energy era
• 25% localization of food purchasing in NEO means 27,000 new green jobs, including many in cities
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden-
• Community garden-
• Urban market garden
• Learning garden
• Social service garden-
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden-
• Urban market garden
• Learning garden
• Social service garden-
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden- personal consumption, donations
• Urban market garden-
• Learning garden
• Social service garden-
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden- personal consumption, donations
• Urban market garden- commercial sales
• Learning garden-
• Social service garden-
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden- personal consumption, donations
• Urban market garden- commercial sales
• Learning garden- education, research, learning
• Social service garden-
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden- personal consumption, donations
• Urban market garden- commercial sales
• Learning garden- education, research, learning
• Social service garden- mental health, job training
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Trends in Urban Farming in Cleveland
• 1970-2005: Community gardens and city summer sprout program
• 2005-2009: Transition to market gardens growing food for income generation
• 2009-2010: Urban agriculture commons and more complex community partnerships
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Types of Urban Farms
• Home garden- personal consumption, sharing
• Community garden- personal consumption, donations
• Urban market garden- commercial sales
• Learning garden- education, research, learning
• Social service garden- mental health, job training
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Where does your vision fit in?
• Place your vision on a sheet for one of the types of gardens. Is your garden a home garden, a community garden, a market garden, learning garden, or social service garden?
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Case Studies• Intergeneration School Permaculture
Garden (Learning Garden)
• Strawbale Greenhouse at Vel’s Purple Oasis (Community Learning Garden with some marketing)
• Stanard School (Social service/employment)
• Ohio City Fresh Food Collaborative (mix of community, market, social service, and learning)
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Local Food Value Chain
CommunityProduction
Urban MarketGardens
Rural Farms
Aggregation
Distribution
Processing
Markets
Eaters!
InformalEconomy
MarketEconomy
Infrastructure Consumption
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Collaborative Networks
• How can you as a class organize a collaborative network to advance urban agriculture and local food systems in Akron?
• What is the primary asset that you bring to the table right know (land, knowledge, tools, markets, construction)?
• To learn more and stay in touch check out: www.NEOFoodWeb.org
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