farid mahmood ts portfolio

Bath HousePorto, Portugal

Farid MahmoodU1111611

Technical Studies ReportUnit H

Level 3

A Report based on the technical issues of a bath house used by locals and public as well as dwelling with functional spaces to bring back the people of porto to ocupy the city once again.

Contents

Captured SpaceComponents Exploded AxoSpaces of InterestPorto, PortugalRibiera StripSite PicturesHistorical Site ContextSun OrientationExisting SectionAlameda das FontainhasSao Nicholao- Wash HouseAlver Siza PoolsDrainage towards River DouroBrief and Intended UsersIntended ProggramesNeighbourhood ActivtyArrebitaSite planMain Proggramatic PlansInhabited SectionAxometric of Structural ElementsSite ConstraintsBathsRoof TerraceLight Partition DesignFoundation Strategy

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Captured SpaceTurn End

Original Model Scale 1:10

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Roof CladdingRoof JoistsStructural BeamRoof CladdingRoof CladdingRoof CladdingRoof JoistsStructural BeamRoof JoistsWindow frame / BeamVertical frame designWindow Base FrameStructural BeamStructural BeamStructural BeamSide Roof CladdingSide supportive joist, kitchen to bath-roomJoists, kitchen to bathroomCeiling 4’x2’ fraClosit WallClothes WardrobeWooden Shelfing Drawer UnitBlock Side TableBlock Wall Shelfing UnitHigher Ground Level FloorLower Ground Level FloorBlock Seating AreaRoof Supportive beamSteps To Higher Level

Block Kitchen UnitBlock Side Table Block WallBlock Structural Wall

Components Exploded Axo

Drawing Scale- 1:100

Original Model Scale- 1:10

Dressing room window

Bathrm Natural Light to Psge WindowCast glass in passage

Turn End stands strong and upright today since the start of its build in 1964 for its structure made from block work and timber. The block work built onto concrete foundations following timber elements to structure and aesthetics.

The main element in turn end that came to my focus was the roof, It was shped in order to al-low rain to pass down it from roof to another. The roofs worked great with the abstract win-dows, especially at the bathroom as the struc-turaal elements kept there way gooing from once element to another and this was intrugding. A well working repetitive pattern used for the ab-stract windows in Turn End work really well ex-posing themeselves to rest on a roof as well as carring a roof over them.

A cast glass. This cast glass is one of my favourite pieces due to its process of planning and design creat-ing a vibrant atmosphere. It is located on the ceiling of the passage upper land-ing looking up. The skill here is that the light does not come directly from the cast glass itself; rather, it comes from the bathroom window. This window is in-stalled south facing allowing a contrast of light between the spaces with also a re-petitive vertical pattern.

Spaces of interestRoof Drawing Scale 1:50

Kitchen Roof Indoors

The Block work at turn end was influencial in how everyday day spaces can be cre-ated with permnant lego like blocks. This interested me as most of the furniture was physically linked to the structural elements of the building. Reminding me how structure is built to take up a dead and live loads, in this case it was doing actually doing that with everyday used spaces and furniture.

Kitchen Built with block work

Fire place, (block work)

Table with shelfing, (block work)

Sofas, (block work)

Fire place, (block work)

Roof Tops Outdoor

Out door Window, Bathroom


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Porto, Portugal

Considering my ideas of the turn end project, the next focus for me was to implement ideas from the project into the porto distric. Porto located in portugal as one of the main cities in the country known for its vine yards and houses for wine to be distributed all over europe. Today, porto is a tourist site that many people across the world visit for its history of wine. Despite porto attracting many tourists, it has many abandoned houses and alot of it’s own poeple moving out due to the city council capping house rents to ten euros a month and not meeting the needs for property owners meant that the people renting out were left with unfinished houses to live in. The cost of income was excepionally low as well. This was the challenge i had to consider in order to move on for considering a proposal suitable enough for the local community itself as first in order to stay and give hope to the people that porto will change with tourists as an advantage aswell.

fromLondon

to Portugal,Porto

Map scale - 1:5000

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Ribiera Strip

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Map scale - 1:5000

Francisco

VictoriaTaipas

S. Bento

SantaClara

Clerigos

Ribeira/Barredo

Avenida da

Ponte

Mouzinho/

Flores

S.E.

1- Clerigos2- Taipas3- Victoria4- Aveni da Ponte5- S. Bento6- S.E.7- Santa Clara8- Mouzinho/Flores9- Francisco10- Ribeira/Barredo

Names of the 10 operaations:

Site:

The porto district is seperated with 10 opertaions by the local council. This was in order to seperate and understand what areas locals use and what ares will benefit the tourists.

Out of these areas i chose to work in the ribiera strip as it was closer towards the river. The river was important to me as i was looking into the way drainage was used in turn end and the flow of the direction of water. Here in Ribiera i found that most of the water was drained throughout the area by its streets as the topography hight decreased down towards the river making the water flow down towards the river easier.

Intenteding to design a bath house, this was another priority to why i chose to work in the ribiera strip. As this would allow more ideas for me to design withing the flow of water draining towrds the river throught the area.

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Site PicturesRoof, Rua da reboleira

Facade, Rua da reboleiraFacades, Rua do infante D. Henrique

Present space

SHop/ Restruant next door

River View, approxiamtly at Rua da reboleira

Historical site Context

NMap scale - 1:5000

Site:

Derelict: Porto ‘s history of derelict buildings has been around for some time.This was due to the fact that the city council had capped the rent that home owners were forced to take. This cap in rentage did not not allow the owners of the home to keep maintaining the houses as the rent was approxiametlly under 10 euros which was not sufficient to rent out otherwise, as renting was a loss to everyone themselves at that rate of income. they recieved. This led to home own-ers trying to sell and moving out of porto.

1939

1839

1813 1833

Sun Orientation

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Neighbourhood Activity

Restruant beside site Site Overview

Camara Municipal do Porto(Wash House)

Washing Clothes Area

Casa No.59 da Rua da Reboleira(Old People Homes)

View to old people homes

Grupo Desportino Infante D. Henrique(oldest Restruant on Ribeira strip)

SKREI, Architecs Office

Gomos de Saudade(restruant)

Open Square Pass by

Igreja de S. Nicolau(church)

Neighbourhood Overview

Scale- 1:500Site-

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Existing Section to Rio DuoroScale 1:200

Site

Exsisting Long Section

Section AA

Section AA

Site

Capturing Moments of Drainage


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Drainage towards River Douro

Influenced by the roof tops of turn end with water flowing down them after each other, Porto’s landscape itself reminded me of them. The landscape of porto allows water to drain on the streets towards the river. The rain water is guided by the topography lowering down towards the river as well as man made drains for the building roof tops to bring down the water onto the streets.

The streets also have gutters to guide the rainwater so that the city does not flood and to controll the flow of the water gushing down. The gutters lead the wa-ter collected underground its streets later exposing the water to enter the river by its ends.

Start End

Map Scale- 1:1000

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Water drainage circulation

section of basin works,, towards drainage

basins for everyday clothing washMain water carrier to most basins

an open public entrance for allWash basin for everyday clothesBottom drainage for basins at ground level

Washing houses are very common around the city of porto. In an every day house, people need to wash clothes, have a shower and bathe. Wash houses tend to answer the main washing needs that should be taken in an house or rather washing larger everyday uses such as blankets and carpets etc. Depending on the type of facilites that a certain wash house has to offer, it is understood that they were designated due to the lack of space in an indi-vidual house. In porto, wash houses are very com-mon and bring the local community together forming a friendly neighbourhood between each other. Today, the use of wash houses is still active within the community of porto and in other places where you will find small houses.

The Alameda das Fontainhas adjacent to the river Rio Douro is designed faciliate hand washing clothes and larger items used within a house. The wa-ter used is pumped up, filtered and used from the river then drained back into the river to repeat the process once again, in this instance the river be-comes a live tank. It is sheleterd to expose towards the river and block off views from the parralell street. The materials used are local materials such as granite in order to shape the washing basins and store the water with a concrete wall cutting off the river and allowing a galvanised steel roof to be formed with a steel frame structure.

Alameda das Fontainhas - Wash House Porto

Scale 1-1000Alameda das Fontainhas adjacent to river

Scale: 1:10000Alameda das Fontainhas distant to site

Washing houses are very common around the city of porto. In an every day house, people need to wash clothes, have a shower and bathe. Wash houses tend to answer the main washing needs that should be taken in an house or rather washing larger everyday uses such as blankets and carpets etc. Depending on the type of facilites that a certain wash house has to offer, it is understood that they were designated due to the lack of space in an individual house. In porto, wash houses are very common and bring the local community together forming a friendly neighbourhood between each other. To-day, the use of wash houses is still active within the community of porto and in other places where you will find small houses.

The Sao Nicholao is also built besides the Rio Duoro, however it is embedded below the ground forming an occupied open space above it. This Wash house uses modern technology of washing machines to wash clothes with dryers to dry them aswell. The use of hand washing basins is still alive within this modern wash house, holding the respect of locals coming together to wash their belongings and clothes. Sao Nicholao is also used as a public toilet area for both males and females, it introduces showers for the locals to wash themselves in and lockers to keep belongings safe. Reinforced con-crete is amainly used for this wash house alll around with a brick entrance seperating the reception office from all the wet rooms. The basins in this wash house are also formed with conctrete along with the roof holding the open space together.

During the visit, i took notice of a few water aspects that work really well and aspects that i could learn from in order to propose for my bath house.

Sao Nicholao - Wash HousePaulo Providencia 1993 - Porto

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Scale 1:1000

water draining down at street level into wash house

Wash basins to wash everyday clothes

Street Water drainage at entrance

Rain from street level Concrete wall dampenned and damaged by the rain water from street level

Street Level entrance

Hand wash basins and drainage Lightwell frm street sqr.

Basins walking/drain area

Entrance lobby Passage to basins facility passage

Alver Siza Pools, Porto

The visit to siza’s pools in porto inspired me work further on to propose a local bath house. The challenges i thought about where storing water for the baths and sequencing the spaces leading from one to another, e.g enterance, changing room, and pools then back to changing rooms.

Sizas swimmmimg pools , the pictures to left from an open park area and the picture on the right from the swimming pool on the sea

Brief and Intended Users

A bath house that alllows the site to become more lively again and alllow the peopele of porto to move back into the district. The neighhbourhood currently is attracting tourists for its history of wine houses. This bath house on the other hand will allow the locals to use it in order to faciliatate having a relaxig bath for both genders as most houses in porto are very small and lack in havimg bath spaces big enough for self comfort within a family home. These bath facilties will be available to everyone. The bath house exists of residential abandoned homes which have become derelict. The use of residential spaces in order to bring the people of porto back to stay will also be inbedded in the new design above the bath house.The chosen site will be divided into three parts to use the space. A bath house on the lower ground floors alongside a public pedestrian pathway that will enable the use for the both public and private users to cross between parralell streets. the higher levels will ocupied by the use of recid-ency for the people of porto to dwell in.

Why? Porto is known for its wine making and therfore very industrial as its use, howver its image and landscape is a collage from a distance. The abandoned houses came afetr its port was moved to matsinious, more towards the sea. This project aims to inhabit portos district areas and allow a better lifestyle for the people who would return.

Intended Users: Local community,, local old peoples homes, Couples residency and Travellers, Local washhouse users.

Entrance / Reception

Water fall exposed at recpetion then fallling into pools

Changing Rooms and facilities

solid wall for privacy, then revealing open space structure

Pools to swim

Steam room

Stairs to reveal initial programme

Steam rising to outside also exposed to rest room

Rest room from Reception

Intended Programmes

Inspired by the turn end model, a collage showing different types of spacial programmms I could achieve in proposing a Bath House

Outline of space in Section

Alluminuim profiles for stud walls

Left: studying site, Right: Arrebita site

Windows showing details between sites

Arrebita ‘s Developing site ElevationSIte at starting construction phase

Sectional model proposed changes

Building materials

Roof Development at rear

Roof Development at Front

Supporting roof structure Roof beam settlement Roof beam settlement Roof beam alluminuim rafters

Party WallRoof Structure span


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Scale 1:175Site

Arrebita

Arrebita

Arrebita siteChosen site

Arrebita is a social entrepreneurship project with the mission to fight the abandonment of inner Porto.

It is located next door to my chosen site, this gave me the advantage to see how construction works were taking place for that area, and which materials were suitable for the environment surrounding it.


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Site Plan

Rua da Reboleira

Rua do in

fante. D

Henrique

New Pathway -

Existing Pathway -

The benefit of having a street on each end of the site benefited me to join the streets by a private/ public pathway. The pathway flows along the typography of the city leading down towards the river allowing easier access between the streets and adjoining the walking route.

The path itself is designed to be stepped up onto at ease with 3-4 walking steps before reaching the next step.

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Main Programatic Plans


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First Floor, 1, ResidentialScale- 1:100

Floor, 0.5, water tank systemsScale- 1:100

Ground Floor, 0, Pathway to programScale- 1:100


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Basement Floor, -1, BathsScale- 1:100

Inhabited section

Scale 1:50

Inhabited SectionScale- 1:50 at A1

Axonometric of Structural Elements

Throughout the building, vertical i beams will be supporting the structure where applica-pable, especially where most of the concrete will be placed.

The longitude of my site allowed me to span acrross with steel beams and padstones to transfer the weight down. the steel bems are mainly used to hold up conctrete floors

and the prefabricated staircases. Wooden Beams are then used on the residencial parts of the building creating a lighter structure where needed


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Structural Elements

The longitude of my site allowed me to span acrross with steel beams and padstones to transfer the weight down.the steel bems are mainly used to hold up conctrete floors and the prefabricated staircases.

Wooden Beams are then used on the residencial parts of the building creating a lighter structure where needed

Scale 1:75

Scale- 1:75 at A1

Site Constraints

Scale 1-100

Site Constraints: narrow back street site restricted to light exposure

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Access for Builind Materials into site

Pathway precast to be delivered

Scale- 1:750

The main constraint that the site holds is a tight street on one end, (see context map), therefore transporting materials on that south side may be a little difficult despite the open green space that is located to the north of the site that will help with easier circulation. If there are heavy ma-chinery that the building contractor may use will have to be brought from the north end to the south according to circumstances.

Another Constraint was to keep intact the facades and not to change them, so according to the surrounding neighbourhood i changed the roof join together within the building


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Baths


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The Bath house consists of two small baths at either end on the lower ground floor. The occupied space creates an more open and spacius ex-perience while bathing eventhough the site may be small.

Bath 1

Bath 2

Bath 1

Bath 2

Roof Terrace

The roof terrace is designed to overlook to the river duro on the south of the site as well the opposite side of the river.

Another key feature is that you can look dwon onto the pathway on site from the top giving an open surrounding of space.

Here the railing element is also used from the influence of turn end project to keep the continuety flowing throughout the bath house.

The lower ground floor roof is also located high above here in order to create a light well deep down, the element of glass with timber joists is used to allow light to ray upon the roof all the way down to the bath house.


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1:20 Section


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Detail Scale- 1:10


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Light Partition design

The wall elements of glass and wood inspired from the turn end pro-ject will be covereing most of my proposal in order to create partition walls allowing light to enter spaces from one another as the light constraints will be solved by these partitions.

15mm stained glass

2’x4’ partiton element

2’ x 4’ Timber Frame3’ wood screw

Precast Concrete

254 x 102 x 28 I beam supported by a padstone on each end sized at 140 x 215 x 102, spanning ac-

cross 4metres


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Foundation strategyScale 1:50


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The foundations for my bath house will be underpinned from the existing stone foundations and filled with concrete to allow the dead loads and live loads to carry the new weight. All around the site, the foundation will go 3m deep into the ground as my building height is very large according the a small area of space.

Left: Southern foundation section, scale 1:50

Right Northen foundation section, scale 1:50