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7/29/2019 Family Code Of The Philippines.doc

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The Family Code Of The Philippines

TITLE I

MARRIAGE

Chapter 1. Reqisites of Marria!e

Arti"le 1. Marria!e is a spe"ial "ontra"t of permanent nion #et$een a man and a $oman enteredinto in a""ordan"e $ith la$ for the esta#lishment of "on%!al and family life. It is the fondation

of the family and an in&iola#le so"ial instittion $hose natre' "onseqen"es' and in"idents are

!o&erned #y la$ and not s#%e"t to stiplation' e("ept that marria!e settlements may fi( the

property relations drin! the marria!e $ithin the limits pro&ided #y this Code. )*+a,

Art. +. -o marria!e shall #e &alid' nless these essential reqisites are present

)1, Le!al "apa"ity of the "ontra"tin! parties $ho mst #e a male and a female/ and

)+, Consent freely !i&en in the presen"e of the solemni0in! offi"er. )*a,

Art. . The formal reqisites of marria!e are)1, Athority of the solemni0in! offi"er/

)+, A &alid marria!e li"ense e("ept in the "ases pro&ided for in Chapter + of this Title/ and

), A marria!e "eremony $hi"h ta2es pla"e $ith the appearan"e of the "ontra"tin! parties #eforethe solemni0in! offi"er and their personal de"laration that they ta2e ea"h other as hs#and and

$ife in the presen"e of not less than t$o $itnesses of le!al a!e. )*a' **a,

Art. 3. The a#sen"e of any of the essential or formal reqisites shall render the marria!e &oid a#initio' e("ept as stated in Arti"le * )+,.

A defe"t in any of the essential reqisites shall not affe"t the &alidity of the marria!e #t theparty or parties responsi#le for the irre!larity shall #e "i&illy' "riminally and administrati&elylia#le. )n,

Art. *. Any male or female of the a!e of ei!hteen years or p$ards not nder any of theimpediments mentioned in Arti"les 4 and 5' may "ontra"t marria!e. )*3a,

Art. 6. -o pres"ri#ed form or reli!ios rite for the solemni0ation of the marria!e is reqired. It

shall #e ne"essary' ho$e&er' for the "ontra"tin! parties to appear personally #efore thesolemni0in! offi"er and de"lare in the presen"e of not less than t$o $itnesses of le!al a!e that

they ta2e ea"h other as hs#and and $ife. This de"laration shall #e "ontained in the marria!e

"ertifi"ate $hi"h shall #e si!ned #y the "ontra"tin! parties and their $itnesses and attested #y thesolemni0in! offi"er.

In "ase of a marria!e in arti"lo mortis' $hen the party at the point of death is na#le to si!n themarria!e "ertifi"ate' it shall #e sffi"ient for one of the $itnesses to the marria!e to $rite the

name of said party' $hi"h fa"t shall #e attested #y the solemni0in! offi"er. )**a,

Art. 4. Marria!e may #e solemni0ed #y


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)1, Any in"m#ent mem#er of the %di"iary $ithin the "ort7s %risdi"tion/

)+, Any priest' ra##i' imam' or minister of any "hr"h or reli!ios se"t dly athori0ed #y his

"hr"h or reli!ios se"t and re!istered $ith the "i&il re!istrar !eneral' a"tin! $ithin the limits ofthe $ritten athority !ranted #y his "hr"h or reli!ios se"t and pro&ided that at least one of the

"ontra"tin! parties #elon!s to the solemni0in! offi"er7s "hr"h or reli!ios se"t/

), Any ship "aptain or airplane "hief only in the "ase mentioned in Arti"le 1/)3, Any military "ommander of a nit to $hi"h a "haplain is assi!ned' in the a#sen"e of the

latter' drin! a military operation' li2e$ise only in the "ases mentioned in Arti"le +/

)*, Any "onsl8!eneral' "onsl or &i"e8"onsl in the "ase pro&ided in Arti"le 19. )*6a,

Arti"le. 5. The marria!e shall #e solemni0ed p#li"ly in the "ham#ers of the %d!e or in open

"ort' in the "hr"h' "hapel or temple' or in the offi"e the "onsl8!eneral' "onsl or &i"e8"onsl'

as the "ase may #e' and not else$here' e("ept in "ases of marria!es "ontra"ted on the point ofdeath or in remote pla"es in a""ordan"e $ith Arti"le +: of this Code' or $here #oth of the parties

reqest the solemni0in! offi"er in $ritin! in $hi"h "ase the marria!e may #e solemni0ed at a

hose or pla"e desi!nated #y them in a s$orn statement to that effe"t. )*4a,

Art. :. A marria!e li"ense shall #e issed #y the lo"al "i&il re!istrar of the "ity or mni"ipality

$here either "ontra"tin! party ha#itally resides' e("ept in marria!es $here no li"ense isreqired in a""ordan"e $ith Chapter + of this Title. )*5a,

Art. 19. Marria!es #et$een Filipino "iti0ens a#road may #e solemni0ed #y a "onsl8!eneral'"onsl or &i"e8"onsl of the Rep#li" of the Philippines. The issan"e of the marria!e li"ense

and the dties of the lo"al "i&il re!istrar and of the solemni0in! offi"er $ith re!ard to the

"ele#ration of marria!e shall #e performed #y said "onslar offi"ial. )4*a,

Art. 11. ;here a marria!e li"ense is reqired' ea"h of the "ontra"tin! parties shall file separately

a s$orn appli"ation for s"h li"ense $ith the proper lo"al "i&il re!istrar $hi"h shall spe"ify the

follo$in!)1, Fll name of the "ontra"tin! party/

)+, Pla"e of #irth/

), A!e and date of #irth/)3, Ci&il stats/

)*, If pre&iosly married' ho$' $hen and $here the pre&ios marria!e $as dissol&ed or

annlled/

)6, Present residen"e and "iti0enship/)4,


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parties or "opies of s"h do"ments dly attested #y the persons ha&in! "stody of the ori!inals.

These "ertifi"ates or "ertified "opies of the do"ments #y this Arti"le need not #e s$orn to and

shall #e e(empt from the do"mentary stamp ta(. The si!natre and offi"ial title of the personissin! the "ertifi"ate shall #e sffi"ient proof of its athenti"ity.

If either of the "ontra"tin! parties is na#le to prod"e his #irth or #aptismal "ertifi"ate or a"ertified "opy of either #e"ase of the destr"tion or loss of the ori!inal or if it is sho$n #y an

affida&it of s"h party or of any other person that s"h #irth or #aptismal "ertifi"ate has not yet

#een re"ei&ed tho!h the same has #een reqired of the person ha&in! "stody thereof at leastfifteen days prior to the date of the appli"ation' s"h party may frnish in lie thereof his "rrent

residen"e "ertifi"ate or an instrment dra$n p and s$orn to #efore the lo"al "i&il re!istrar

"on"erned or any p#li" offi"ial athori0ed to administer oaths. ="h instrment shall "ontain the

s$orn de"laration of t$o $itnesses of la$fl a!e' settin! forth the fll name' residen"e and"iti0enship of s"h "ontra"tin! party and of his or her parents' if 2no$n' and the pla"e and date

of #irth of s"h party. The nearest of 2in of the "ontra"tin! parties shall #e preferred as

$itnesses' or' in their defalt' persons of !ood reptation in the pro&in"e or the lo"ality.

The presentation of #irth or #aptismal "ertifi"ate shall not #e reqired if the parents of the

"ontra"tin! parties appear personally #efore the lo"al "i&il re!istrar "on"erned and s$ear to the"orre"tness of the la$fl a!e of said parties' as stated in the appli"ation' or $hen the lo"al "i&il

re!istrar shall' #y merely loo2in! at the appli"ants pon their personally appearin! #efore him'

#e "on&in"ed that either or #oth of them ha&e the reqired a!e. )69a,

Art. 1. In "ase either of the "ontra"tin! parties has #een pre&iosly married' the appli"ant shall

#e reqired to frnish' instead of the #irth or #aptismal "ertifi"ate reqired in the last pre"edin!

arti"le' the death "ertifi"ate of the de"eased spose or the %di"ial de"ree of the a#solte di&or"e'or the %di"ial de"ree of annlment or de"laration of nllity of his or her pre&ios marria!e.

In "ase the death "ertifi"ate "annot #e se"red' the party shall ma2e an affida&it settin! forth this"ir"mstan"e and his or her a"tal "i&il stats and the name and date of death of the de"eased

spose. )61a,

Art. 13. In "ase either or #oth of the "ontra"tin! parties' not ha&in! #een eman"ipated #y a

pre&ios marria!e' are #et$een the a!es of ei!hteen and t$enty8one' they shall' in addition to the

reqirements of the pre"edin! arti"les' e(hi#it to the lo"al "i&il re!istrar' the "onsent to their

marria!e of their father' mother' sr&i&in! parent or !ardian' or persons ha&in! le!al "har!e ofthem' in the order mentioned. ="h "onsent shall #e manifested in $ritin! #y the interested party'

$ho personally appears #efore the proper lo"al "i&il re!istrar' or in the form of an affida&it made

in the presen"e of t$o $itnesses and attested #efore any offi"ial athori0ed #y la$ to administeroaths. The personal manifestation shall #e re"orded in #oth appli"ations for marria!e li"ense' and

the affida&it' if one is e(e"ted instead' shall #e atta"hed to said appli"ations. )61a,

Art. 1*. Any "ontra"tin! party #et$een the a!e of t$enty8one and t$enty8fi&e shall #e o#li!ed to

as2 their parents or !ardian for ad&i"e pon the intended marria!e. If they do not o#tain s"h

ad&i"e' or if it #e nfa&ora#le' the marria!e li"ense shall not #e issed till after three months

follo$in! the "ompletion of the p#li"ation of the appli"ation therefor. A s$orn statement #y the


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"ontra"tin! parties to the effe"t that s"h ad&i"e has #een so!ht' to!ether $ith the $ritten ad&i"e

!i&en' if any' shall #e atta"hed to the appli"ation for marria!e li"ense. =hold the parents or

!ardian refse to !i&e any ad&i"e' this fa"t shall #e stated in the s$orn statement. )6+a,

Art. 16. In the "ases $here parental "onsent or parental ad&i"e is needed' the party or parties

"on"erned shall' in addition to the reqirements of the pre"edin! arti"les' atta"h a "ertifi"ateissed #y a priest' imam or minister athori0ed to solemni0e marria!e nder Arti"le 4 of this

Code or a marria!e "onselor dly a""redited #y the proper !o&ernment a!en"y to the effe"t that

the "ontra"tin! parties ha&e nder!one marria!e "onselin!. Failre to atta"h said "ertifi"ates ofmarria!e "onselin! shall sspend the issan"e of the marria!e li"ense for a period of three

months from the "ompletion of the p#li"ation of the appli"ation. Issan"e of the marria!e

li"ense $ithin the prohi#ited period shall s#%e"t the issin! offi"er to administrati&e san"tions

#t shall not affe"t the &alidity of the marria!e.

=hold only one of the "ontra"tin! parties need parental "onsent or parental ad&i"e' the other

party mst #e present at the "onselin! referred to in the pre"edin! para!raph. )n,

Art. 14. The lo"al "i&il re!istrar shall prepare a noti"e $hi"h shall "ontain the fll names and

residen"es of the appli"ants for a marria!e li"ense and other data !i&en in the appli"ations. Thenoti"e shall #e posted for ten "onse"ti&e days on a #lletin #oard otside the offi"e of the lo"al

"i&il re!istrar lo"ated in a "onspi"os pla"e $ithin the #ildin! and a""essi#le to the !eneral

p#li". This noti"e shall reqest all persons ha&in! 2no$led!e of any impediment to themarria!e to ad&ise the lo"al "i&il re!istrar thereof. The marria!e li"ense shall #e issed after the

"ompletion of the period of p#li"ation. )6a,

Art. 15. In "ase of any impediment 2no$n to the lo"al "i&il re!istrar or #ro!ht to his attention'he shall note do$n the parti"lars thereof and his findin!s thereon in the appli"ation for marria!e

li"ense' #t shall nonetheless isse said li"ense after the "ompletion of the period of p#li"ation'

nless ordered other$ise #y a "ompetent "ort at his o$n instan"e or that of any interest party.-o filin! fee shall #e "har!ed for the petition nor a "orrespondin! #ond reqired for the

issan"es of the order. )63a,

Art. 1:. The lo"al "i&il re!istrar shall reqire the payment of the fees pres"ri#ed #y la$ or

re!lations #efore the issan"e of the marria!e li"ense. -o other sm shall #e "olle"ted in the

natre of a fee or ta( of any 2ind for the issan"e of said li"ense. It shall' ho$e&er' #e issed free

of "har!e to indi!ent parties' that is those $ho ha&e no &isi#le means of in"ome or $hose in"omeis insffi"ient for their s#sisten"e a fa"t esta#lished #y their affida&it' or #y their oath #efore the

lo"al "i&il re!istrar. )6*a,

Art. +9. The li"ense shall #e &alid in any part of the Philippines for a period of one hndred

t$enty days from the date of isse' and shall #e deemed atomati"ally "an"eled at the e(piration

of the said period if the "ontra"tin! parties ha&e not made se of it. The e(piry date shall #estamped in #old "hara"ters on the fa"e of e&ery li"ense issed. )6*a,


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Art. +1. ;hen either or #oth of the "ontra"tin! parties are "iti0ens of a forei!n "ontry' it shall #e

ne"essary for them #efore a marria!e li"ense "an #e o#tained' to s#mit a "ertifi"ate of le!al

"apa"ity to "ontra"t marria!e' issed #y their respe"ti&e diplomati" or "onslar offi"ials.

=tateless persons or ref!ees from other "ontries shall' in lie of the "ertifi"ate of le!al "apa"ity

herein reqired' s#mit an affida&it statin! the "ir"mstan"es sho$in! s"h "apa"ity to "ontra"tmarria!e. )66a,

Art. ++. The marria!e "ertifi"ate' in $hi"h the parties shall de"lare that they ta2e ea"h other ashs#and and $ife' shall also state

)1, The fll name' se( and a!e of ea"h "ontra"tin! party/

)+, Their "iti0enship' reli!ion and ha#ital residen"e/

), The date and pre"ise time of the "ele#ration of the marria!e/)3, That the proper marria!e li"ense has #een issed a""ordin! to la$' e("ept in marria!e

pro&ided for in Chapter + of this Title/

)*, That either or #oth of the "ontra"tin! parties ha&e se"red the parental "onsent in appropriate

"ases/)6, That either or #oth of the "ontra"tin! parties ha&e "omplied $ith the le!al reqirement

re!ardin! parental ad&i"e in appropriate "ases/ and)4, That the parties ha&e entered into marria!e settlement' if any' atta"hin! a "opy thereof. )64a,

Art. +. It shall #e the dty of the person solemni0in! the marria!e to frnish either of the"ontra"tin! parties the ori!inal of the marria!e "ertifi"ate referred to in Arti"le 6 and to send the

dpli"ate and tripli"ate "opies of the "ertifi"ate not later than fifteen days after the marria!e' to

the lo"al "i&il re!istrar of the pla"e $here the marria!e $as solemni0ed. Proper re"eipts shall #e

issed #y the lo"al "i&il re!istrar to the solemni0in! offi"er transmittin! "opies of the marria!e"ertifi"ate. The solemni0in! offi"er shall retain in his file the qadrpli"ate "opy of the marria!e

"ertifi"ate' the "opy of the marria!e "ertifi"ate' the ori!inal of the marria!e li"ense and' in proper

"ases' the affida&it of the "ontra"tin! party re!ardin! the solemni0ation of the marria!e in pla"eother than those mentioned in Arti"le 5. )65a,

Art. +3. It shall #e the dty of the lo"al "i&il re!istrar to prepare the do"ments reqired #y this

Title' and to administer oaths to all interested parties $ithot any "har!e in #oth "ases. Thedo"ments and affida&its filed in "onne"tion $ith appli"ations for marria!e li"enses shall #e

e(empt from do"mentary stamp ta(. )n,

Art. +*. The lo"al "i&il re!istrar "on"erned shall enter all appli"ations for marria!e li"enses filed$ith him in a re!istry #oo2 stri"tly in the order in $hi"h the same are re"ei&ed. >e shall re"ord in

said #oo2 the names of the appli"ants' the date on $hi"h the marria!e li"ense $as issed' and

s"h other data as may #e ne"essary. )n,

Art. +6. All marria!es solemni0ed otside the Philippines' in a""ordan"e $ith the la$s in for"e in

the "ontry $here they $ere solemni0ed' and &alid there as s"h' shall also #e &alid in this"ontry' e("ept those prohi#ited nder Arti"les * )1,' )3,' )*, and )6,' 64 and 5. )14a,

;here a marria!e #et$een a Filipino "iti0en and a forei!ner is &alidly "ele#rated and a di&or"e is

thereafter &alidly o#tained a#road #y the alien spose "apa"itatin! him or her to remarry' the


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Filipino spose shall ha&e "apa"ity to remarry nder Philippine la$. )As amended #y E(e"ti&e

Order ++4,

Chapter +. Marria!es E(empted from Li"ense Reqirement

Art. +4. In "ase either or #oth of the "ontra"tin! parties are at the point of death' the marria!e

may #e solemni0ed $ithot ne"essity of a marria!e li"ense and shall remain &alid e&en if the

ailin! party s#seqently sr&i&es. )4+a,

Art. +5. If the residen"e of either party is so lo"ated that there is no means of transportation to

ena#le s"h party to appear personally #efore the lo"al "i&il re!istrar' the marria!e may #e

solemni0ed $ithot ne"essity of a marria!e li"ense. )4+a,

Art. +:. In the "ases pro&ided for in the t$o pre"edin! arti"les' the solemni0in! offi"er shall state

in an affida&it e(e"ted #efore the lo"al "i&il re!istrar or any other person le!ally athori0ed to

administer oaths that the marria!e $as performed in arti"lo mortis or that the residen"e of eitherparty' spe"ifyin! the #arrio or #aran!ay' is so lo"ated that there is no means of transportation to

ena#le s"h party to appear personally #efore the lo"al "i&il re!istrar and that the offi"er too2 thene"essary steps to as"ertain the a!es and relationship of the "ontra"tin! parties and the a#sen"e

of le!al impediment to the marria!e. )4+a,

Art. 9. The ori!inal of the affida&it reqired in the last pre"edin! arti"le' to!ether $ith the

le!i#le "opy of the marria!e "ontra"t' shall #e sent #y the person solemni0in! the marria!e to the

lo"al "i&il re!istrar of the mni"ipality $here it $as performed $ithin the period of thirty days

after the performan"e of the marria!e. )4*a,

Art. 1. A marria!e in arti"lo mortis #et$een passen!ers or "re$ mem#ers may also #e

solemni0ed #y a ship "aptain or #y an airplane pilot not only $hile the ship is at sea or the planeis in fli!ht' #t also drin! stopo&ers at ports of "all. )43a,

Art. +. A military "ommander of a nit' $ho is a "ommissioned offi"er' shall li2e$ise ha&eathority to solemni0e marria!es in arti"lo mortis #et$een persons $ithin the 0one of military

operation' $hether mem#ers of the armed for"es or "i&ilians. )43a,

Art. . Marria!es amon! Mslims or amon! mem#ers of the ethni" "ltral "ommnities may#e performed &alidly $ithot the ne"essity of marria!e li"ense' pro&ided they are solemni0ed in

a""ordan"e $ith their "stoms' rites or pra"ti"es. )45a,

Art. 3. -o li"ense shall #e ne"essary for the marria!e of a man and a $oman $ho ha&e li&ed

to!ether as hs#and and $ife for at least fi&e years and $ithot any le!al impediment to marry

ea"h other. The "ontra"tin! parties shall state the fore!oin! fa"ts in an affida&it #efore anyperson athori0ed #y la$ to administer oaths. The solemni0in! offi"er shall also state nder oath

that he as"ertained the qalifi"ations of the "ontra"tin! parties are fond no le!al impediment to

the marria!e. )46a,


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Chapter . ?oid and ?oida#le Marria!es

Art. *. The follo$in! marria!es shall #e &oid from the #e!innin!)1, Those "ontra"ted #y any party #elo$ ei!hteen years of a!e e&en $ith the "onsent of parents

or !ardians/

)+, Those solemni0ed #y any person not le!ally athori0ed to perform marria!es nless s"hmarria!es $ere "ontra"ted $ith either or #oth parties #elie&in! in !ood faith that the solemni0in!

offi"er had the le!al athority to do so/

), Those solemni0ed $ithot li"ense' e("ept those "o&ered the pre"edin! Chapter/)3, Those #i!amos or poly!amos marria!es not failin! nder Arti"le 31/

)*, Those "ontra"ted thro!h mista2e of one "ontra"tin! party as to the identity of the other/ and

)6, Those s#seqent marria!es that are &oid nder Arti"le *.

Art. 6. A marria!e "ontra"ted #y any party $ho' at the time of the "ele#ration' $as

psy"holo!i"ally in"apa"itated to "omply $ith the essential marital o#li!ations of marria!e' shall

li2e$ise #e &oid e&en if s"h in"apa"ity #e"omes manifest only after its solemni0ation. )As

amended #y E(e"ti&e Order ++4,Art. 4. Marria!es #et$een the follo$in! are in"estos and &oid from the #e!innin!' $hether

relationship #et$een the parties #e le!itimate or ille!itimate)1, @et$een as"endants and des"endants of any de!ree/ and

)+, @et$een #rothers and sisters' $hether of the fll or half #lood. )51a,

Art. 5. The follo$in! marria!es shall #e &oid from the #e!innin! for reasons of p#li" poli"y

)1, @et$een "ollateral #lood relati&es $hether le!itimate or ille!itimate' p to the forth "i&il

de!ree/

)+, @et$een step8parents and step8"hildren/), @et$een parents8in8la$ and "hildren8in8la$/

)3, @et$een the adoptin! parent and the adopted "hild/

)*, @et$een the sr&i&in! spose of the adoptin! parent and the adopted "hild/)6, @et$een the sr&i&in! spose of the adopted "hild and the adopter/

)4, @et$een an adopted "hild and a le!itimate "hild of the adopter/

)5, @et$een adopted "hildren of the same adopter/ and):, @et$een parties $here one' $ith the intention to marry the other' 2illed that other person7s

spose' or his or her o$n spose. )5+,

Art. :. The a"tion or defense for the de"laration of a#solte nllity of a marria!e shall notpres"ri#e. )As amended #y E(e"ti&e Order ++4and Rep#li" A"t -o. 5*/ The phrase

>o$e&er' in "ase of marria!e "ele#rated #efore the effe"ti&ity of this Code and fallin! nder

Arti"le 6' s"h a"tion or defense shall pres"ri#e in ten years after this Code shall ta2en effe"thas #een deleted #y Rep#li" A"t -o. 5* BAppro&ed Fe#rary +' 1::5,.

Art. 39. The a#solte nllity of a pre&ios marria!e may #e in&o2ed for prposes of remarria!eon the #asis solely of a final %d!ment de"larin! s"h pre&ios marria!e &oid. )n,

Art. 31. A marria!e "ontra"ted #y any person drin! s#sisten"e of a pre&ios marria!e shall #e

nll and &oid' nless #efore the "ele#ration of the s#seqent marria!e' the prior spose had


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#een a#sent for for "onse"ti&e years and the spose present has a $ell8fonded #elief that the

a#sent spose $as already dead. In "ase of disappearan"e $here there is dan!er of death nder

the "ir"mstan"es set forth in the pro&isions of Arti"le :1 of the Ci&il Code' an a#sen"e of onlyt$o years shall #e sffi"ient.

For the prpose of "ontra"tin! the s#seqent marria!e nder the pre"edin! para!raph the sposepresent mst institte a smmary pro"eedin! as pro&ided in this Code for the de"laration of

presmpti&e death of the a#sentee' $ithot pre%di"e to the effe"t of reappearan"e of the a#sent

spose. )5a,

Art. 3+. The s#seqent marria!e referred to in the pre"edin! Arti"le shall #e atomati"ally

terminated #y the re"ordin! of the affida&it of reappearan"e of the a#sent spose' nless there is

a %d!ment annllin! the pre&ios marria!e or de"larin! it &oid a# initio.

A s$orn statement of the fa"t and "ir"mstan"es of reappearan"e shall #e re"orded in the "i&il

re!istry of the residen"e of the parties to the s#seqent marria!e at the instan"e of any interested

person' $ith de noti"e to the sposes of the s#seqent marria!e and $ithot pre%di"e to thefa"t of reappearan"e #ein! %di"ially determined in "ase s"h fa"t is dispted. )n,

Art. 3. The termination of the s#seqent marria!e referred to in the pre"edin! Arti"le shall

prod"e the follo$in! effe"ts

)1, The "hildren of the s#seqent marria!e "on"ei&ed prior to its termination shall #e"onsidered le!itimate/

)+, The a#solte "ommnity of property or the "on%!al partnership' as the "ase may #e' shall #e

dissol&ed and liqidated' #t if either spose "ontra"ted said marria!e in #ad faith' his or her

share of the net profits of the "ommnity property or "on%!al partnership property shall #eforfeited in fa&or of the "ommon "hildren or' if there are none' the "hildren of the !ilty spose

#y a pre&ios marria!e or in defalt of "hildren' the inno"ent spose/

),


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)+, That either party $as of nsond mind' nless s"h party after "omin! to reason' freely

"oha#ited $ith the other as hs#and and $ife/

), That the "onsent of either party $as o#tained #y frad' nless s"h party after$ards' $ith fll2no$led!e of the fa"ts "onstittin! the frad' freely "oha#ited $ith the other as hs#and and

$ife/

)3, That the "onsent of either party $as o#tained #y for"e' intimidation or nde inflen"e'nless the same ha&in! disappeared or "eased' s"h party thereafter freely "oha#ited $ith the

other as hs#and and $ife/

)*, That either party $as physi"ally in"apa#le of "onsmmatin! the marria!e $ith the other' ands"h in"apa"ity "ontines and appears to #e in"ra#le/ or

)6, That either party $as affli"ted $ith a se(ally8transmissi#le disease fond to #e serios and

appears to #e in"ra#le. )5*a,

Art. 36. Any of the follo$in! "ir"mstan"es shall "onstitte frad referred to in -m#er of the

pre"edin! Arti"le

)1, -on8dis"losre of a pre&ios "on&i"tion #y final %d!ment of the other party of a "rime

in&ol&in! moral trpitde/)+, Con"ealment #y the $ife of the fa"t that at the time of the marria!e' she $as pre!nant #y a

man other than her hs#and/), Con"ealment of se(ally transmissi#le disease' re!ardless of its natre' e(istin! at the time of

the marria!e/ or

)3, Con"ealment of dr! addi"tion' ha#ital al"oholism or homose(ality or les#ianism e(istin!at the time of the marria!e.

-o other misrepresentation or de"eit as to "hara"ter' health' ran2' fortne or "hastity shall

"onstitte s"h frad as $ill !i&e !ronds for a"tion for the annlment of marria!e. )56a,

Art. 34. The a"tion for annlment of marria!e mst #e filed #y the follo$in! persons and $ithin

the periods indi"ated herein)1, For "ases mentioned in nm#er 1 of Arti"le 3* #y the party $hose parent or !ardian did

not !i&e his or her "onsent' $ithin fi&e years after attainin! the a!e of t$enty8one' or #y the

parent or !ardian or person ha&in! le!al "har!e of the minor' at any time #efore s"h party hasrea"hed the a!e of t$enty8one/

)+, For "ases mentioned in nm#er + of Arti"le 3*' #y the same spose' $ho had no 2no$led!e

of the other7s insanity/ or #y any relati&e or !ardian or person ha&in! le!al "har!e of the insane'

at any time #efore the death of either party' or #y the insane spose drin! a l"id inter&al orafter re!ainin! sanity/

), For "ases mentioned in nm#er of Arti"le 3*' #y the in%red party' $ithin fi&e years after

the dis"o&ery of the frad/)3, For "ases mentioned in nm#er 3 of Arti"le 3*' #y the in%red party' $ithin fi&e years from

the time the for"e' intimidation or nde inflen"e disappeared or "eased/

)*, For "ases mentioned in nm#er * and 6 of Arti"le 3*' #y the in%red party' $ithin fi&e yearsafter the marria!e. )54a,

Art. 35. In all "ases of annlment or de"laration of a#solte nllity of marria!e' the Cort shall

order the prose"tin! attorney or fis"al assi!ned to it to appear on #ehalf of the =tate to ta2e steps


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to pre&ent "ollsion #et$een the parties and to ta2e "are that e&iden"e is not fa#ri"ated or

sppressed.

In the "ases referred to in the pre"edin! para!raph' no %d!ment shall #e #ased pon a stiplationof fa"ts or "onfession of %d!ment. )55a,

Art. 3:.


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Art. *. Either of the former sposes may marry a!ain after "omplian"e $ith the reqirements of

the immediately pre"edin! Arti"le/ other$ise' the s#seqent marria!e shall #e nll and &oid.

Art. *3. Children "on"ei&ed or #orn #efore the %d!ment of annlment or a#solte nllity of the

marria!e nder Arti"le 6 has #e"ome final and e(e"tory shall #e "onsidered le!itimate.

Children "on"ei&ed or #orn of the s#seqent marria!e nder Arti"le * shall li2e$ise #ele!itimate.

TITLE II

LEGAL =EPARATIO-

Art. **. A petition for le!al separation may #e filed on any of the follo$in! !ronds)1, Repeated physi"al &iolen"e or !rossly a#si&e "ond"t dire"ted a!ainst the petitioner' a

"ommon "hild' or a "hild of the petitioner/

)+, Physi"al &iolen"e or moral pressre to "ompel the petitioner to "han!e reli!ios or politi"al

affiliation/), Attempt of respondent to "orrpt or ind"e the petitioner' a "ommon "hild' or a "hild of the

petitioner' to en!a!e in prostittion' or "onni&an"e in s"h "orrption or ind"ement/)3, Final %d!ment senten"in! the respondent to imprisonment of more than si( years' e&en if

pardoned/

)*,


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Art. *:. -o le!al separation may #e de"reed nless the Cort has ta2en steps to$ard the

re"on"iliation of the sposes and is flly satisfied' despite s"h efforts' that re"on"iliation ishi!hly impro#a#le. )n,

Art. 69. -o de"ree of le!al separation shall #e #ased pon a stiplation of fa"ts or a "onfession of%d!ment.

In any "ase' the Cort shall order the prose"tin! attorney or fis"al assi!ned to it to ta2e steps topre&ent "ollsion #et$een the parties and to ta2e "are that the e&iden"e is not fa#ri"ated or

sppressed. )191a,

Art. 61. After the filin! of the petition for le!al separation' the sposes shall #e entitled to li&eseparately from ea"h other.

The "ort' in the a#sen"e of a $ritten a!reement #et$een the sposes' shall desi!nate either of

them or a third person to administer the a#solte "ommnity or "on%!al partnership property.The administrator appointed #y the "ort shall ha&e the same po$ers and dties as those of a

!ardian nder the Rles of Cort. )193a,

Art. 6+.


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The a"tion to re&o2e the donation nder this Arti"le mst #e #ro!ht $ithin fi&e years from the

time the de"ree of le!al separation #e"ome final. )194a,

Art. 6*. If the sposes shold re"on"ile' a "orrespondin! %oint manifestation nder oath dly

si!ned #y them shall #e filed $ith the "ort in the same pro"eedin! for le!al separation. )n,

Art. 66. The re"on"iliation referred to in the pre"edin! Arti"les shall ha&e the follo$in!

"onseqen"es

)1, The le!al separation pro"eedin!s' if still pendin!' shall there#y #e terminated at $hate&ersta!e/ and

)+, The final de"ree of le!al separation shall #e set aside' #t the separation of property and any

forfeitre of the share of the !ilty spose already effe"ted shall s#sist' nless the sposes a!ree

to re&i&e their former property re!ime.

The "ort7s order "ontainin! the fore!oin! shall #e re"orded in the proper "i&il re!istries. )195a,

Art. 64. The a!reement to re&i&e the former property re!ime referred to in the pre"edin! Arti"leshall #e e(e"ted nder oath and shall spe"ify

)1, The properties to #e "ontri#ted ane$ to the restored re!ime/)+, Those to #e retained as separated properties of ea"h spose/ and

), The names of all their 2no$n "reditors' their addresses and the amonts o$in! to ea"h.

The a!reement of re&i&al and the motion for its appro&al shall #e filed $ith the "ort in the same

pro"eedin! for le!al separation' $ith "opies of #oth frnished to the "reditors named therein.

After de hearin!' the "ort shall' in its order' ta2e measre to prote"t the interest of "reditors

and s"h order shall #e re"orded in the proper re!istries of properties.The re"ordin! of the orderin! in the re!istries of property shall not pre%di"e any "reditor not

listed or not notified' nless the de#tor8spose has sffi"ient separate properties to satisfy the

"reditor7s "laim. )1:*a' 195a,

TITLE ?I

PATER-IT A-< FILIATIO-

Chapter 1. Le!itimate Children

Art. 16. The filiation of "hildren may #e #y natre or #y adoption. -atral filiation may #e

le!itimate or ille!itimate. )n,

Art. 163. Children "on"ei&ed or #orn drin! the marria!e of the parents are le!itimate.

Children "on"ei&ed as a reslt of artifi"ial insemination of the $ife $ith the sperm of thehs#and or that of a donor or #oth are li2e$ise le!itimate "hildren of the hs#and and his $ife'

pro&ided' that #oth of them athori0ed or ratified s"h insemination in a $ritten instrment

e(e"ted and si!ned #y them #efore the #irth of the "hild. The instrment shall #e re"orded in the

"i&il re!istry to!ether $ith the #irth "ertifi"ate of the "hild. )**a' +*5a,


14/23

Art. 16*. Children "on"ei&ed and #orn otside a &alid marria!e are ille!itimate' nless other$ise

pro&ided in this Code. )n,

Art. 166. Le!itima"y of a "hild may #e imp!ned only on the follo$in! !ronds

)1, That it $as physi"ally impossi#le for the hs#and to ha&e se(al inter"orse $ith his $ife$ithin the first 1+9 days of the 99 days $hi"h immediately pre"eded the #irth of the "hild

#e"ase of

)a, the physi"al in"apa"ity of the hs#and to ha&e se(al inter"orse $ith his $ife/)#, the fa"t that the hs#and and $ife $ere li&in! separately in s"h a $ay that se(al inter"orse

$as not possi#le/ or

)", serios illness of the hs#and' $hi"h a#soltely pre&ented se(al inter"orse/

)+, That it is pro&ed that for #iolo!i"al or other s"ientifi" reasons' the "hild "old not ha&e #eenthat of the hs#and' e("ept in the instan"e pro&ided in the se"ond para!raph of Arti"le 163/ or

), That in "ase of "hildren "on"ei&ed thro!h artifi"ial insemination' the $ritten athori0ation or

ratifi"ation of either parent $as o#tained thro!h mista2e' frad' &iolen"e' intimidation' or nde

inflen"e. )+**a,

Art. 164. The "hild shall #e "onsidered le!itimate altho!h the mother may ha&e de"lared a!ainstits le!itima"y or may ha&e #een senten"ed as an adlteress. )+*6a,

Art. 165. If the marria!e is terminated and the mother "ontra"ted another marria!e $ithin three

hndred days after s"h termination of the former marria!e' these rles shall !o&ern in thea#sen"e of proof to the "ontrary

)1, A "hild #orn #efore one hndred ei!hty days after the solemni0ation of the s#seqent

marria!e is "onsidered to ha&e #een "on"ei&ed drin! the former marria!e' pro&ided it #e #orn

$ithin three hndred days after the termination of the former marria!e/)+, A "hild #orn after one hndred ei!hty days follo$in! the "ele#ration of the s#seqent

marria!e is "onsidered to ha&e #een "on"ei&ed drin! s"h marria!e' e&en tho!h it #e #orn

$ithin the three hndred days after the termination of the former marria!e. )+*:a,

Art. 16:. The le!itima"y or ille!itima"y of a "hild #orn after three hndred days follo$in! the

termination of the marria!e shall #e pro&ed #y $hoe&er alle!es s"h le!itima"y or ille!itima"y.)+61a,

Art. 149. The a"tion to imp!n the le!itima"y of the "hild shall #e #ro!ht $ithin one year from

the 2no$led!e of the #irth or its re"ordin! in the "i&il re!ister' if the hs#and or' in a proper "ase'

any of his heirs' shold reside in the "ity or mni"ipality $here the #irth too2 pla"e or $asre"orded.

If the hs#and or' in his defalt' all of his heirs do not reside at the pla"e of #irth as defined in thefirst para!raph or $here it $as re"orded' the period shall #e t$o years if they shold reside in the

Philippines/ and three years if a#road. If the #irth of the "hild has #een "on"ealed from or $as

n2no$n to the hs#and or his heirs' the period shall #e "onted from the dis"o&ery or2no$led!e of the #irth of the "hild or of the fa"t of re!istration of said #irth' $hi"he&er is earlier.

)+6a,


15/23

Art. 141. The heirs of the hs#and may imp!n the filiation of the "hild $ithin the period

pres"ri#ed in the pre"edin! arti"le only in the follo$in! "ases

)1, If the hs#and shold died #efore the e(piration of the period fi(ed for #rin!in! his a"tion/)+, If he shold die after the filin! of the "omplaint $ithot ha&in! desisted therefrom/ or

), If the "hild $as #orn after the death of the hs#and. )+6+a,

Chapter +. Proof of Filiation

Art. 14+. The filiation of le!itimate "hildren is esta#lished #y any of the follo$in!)1, The re"ord of #irth appearin! in the "i&il re!ister or a final %d!ment/ or

)+, An admission of le!itimate filiation in a p#li" do"ment or a pri&ate hand$ritten instrment

and si!ned #y the parent "on"erned.

In the a#sen"e of the fore!oin! e&iden"e' the le!itimate filiation shall #e

pro&ed #y

)1, The open and "ontinos possession of the stats of a le!itimate "hild/ or

)+, Any other means allo$ed #y the Rles of Cort and spe"ial la$s. )+6*a' +66a' +64a,

Art. 14. The a"tion to "laim le!itima"y may #e #ro!ht #y the "hild drin! his or her lifetimeand shall #e transmitted to the heirs shold the "hild die drin! minority or in a state of insanity.

In these "ases' the heirs shall ha&e a period of fi&e years $ithin $hi"h to institte the a"tion.

Art. 143. Le!itimate "hildren shall ha&e the ri!ht)1, To #ear the srnames of the father and the mother' in "onformity $ith the pro&isions of the

Ci&il Code on =rnames/

)+, To re"ei&e spport from their parents' their as"endants' and in proper "ases' their #rothers and

sisters' in "onformity $ith the pro&isions of this Code on =pport/ and), To #e entitled to the le!itimate and other s""essional ri!hts !ranted to them #y the Ci&il

Code. )+63a,

Chapter . Ille!itimate Children

Art. 14*. Ille!itimate "hildren may esta#lish their ille!itimate filiation in the same $ay and onthe same e&iden"e as le!itimate "hildren.

The a"tion mst #e #ro!ht $ithin the same period spe"ified in Arti"le 14' e("ept $hen the

a"tion is #ased on the se"ond para!raph of Arti"le 14+' in $hi"h "ase the a"tion may #e #ro!htdrin! the lifetime of the alle!ed parent. )+5:a,

Art. 146. Ille!itimate "hildren shall se the srname and shall #e nder the parental athority oftheir mother' and shall #e entitled to spport in "onformity $ith this Code. The le!itime of ea"h

ille!itimate "hild shall "onsist of one8half of the le!itime of a le!itimate "hild. E("ept for this

modifi"ation' all other pro&isions in the Ci&il Code !o&ernin! s""essional ri!hts shall remain infor"e. )+54a,

Chapter 3. Le!itimated Children


16/23

Art. 144. Only "hildren "on"ei&ed and #orn otside of $edlo"2 of parents $ho' at the time of the

"on"eption of the former' $ere not disqalified #y any impediment to marry ea"h other may #e

le!itimated. )+6:a,

Art. 145. Le!itimation shall ta2e pla"e #y a s#seqent &alid marria!e #et$een parents. The

annlment of a &oida#le marria!e shall not affe"t the le!itimation. )+49a,

Art. 14:. Le!itimated "hildren shall en%oy the same ri!hts as le!itimate "hildren. )+4+a,

Art. 159. The effe"ts of le!itimation shall retroa"t to the time of the "hild7s #irth. )+4a,

Art. 151. The le!itimation of "hildren $ho died #efore the "ele#ration of the marria!e shall

#enefit their des"endants. )+43,

Art. 15+. Le!itimation may #e imp!ned only #y those $ho are pre%di"ed in their ri!hts' $ithin

fi&e years from the time their "ase of a"tion a""res. )+4*a,

TITLE ?II

A


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Aliens not in"lded in the fore!oin! e("eptions may adopt Filipino "hildren in a""ordan"e $ith

the rles on inter8"ontry adoptions as may #e pro&ided #y la$. )+5a' EO :1 and P< 69,

Art. 15*. >s#and and $ife mst %ointly adopt' e("ept in the follo$in! "ases

)1, ;hen one spose see2s to adopt his o$n ille!itimate "hild/ or

)+, ;hen one spose see2s to adopt the le!itimate "hild of the other. )+:a' EO :1 and P< 69,

Art. 156. In "ase hs#and and $ife %ointly adopt or one spose adopts the le!itimate "hild of the

other' %oint parental athority shall #e e(er"ised #y the sposes in a""ordan"e $ith this Code.)+:a' EO and P< 69,

Art. 154. The follo$in! may not #e adopted

)1, A person of le!al a!e' nless he or she is a "hild #y natre of the adopter or his or her spose'or' prior to the adoption' said person has #een "onsistently "onsidered and treated #y the adopter

as his or her o$n "hild drin! minority.

)+, An alien $ith $hose !o&ernment the Rep#li" of the Philippines has no diplomati" relations/

and), A person $ho has already #een adopted nless s"h adoption has #een pre&iosly re&o2ed or

res"inded. )9a' EO :1 and P< 69,

Art. 155. The $ritten "onsent of the follo$in! to the adoption shall #e ne"essary

)1, The person to #e adopted' if ten years of a!e or o&er')+, The parents #y natre of the "hild' the le!al !ardian' or the proper !o&ernment

instrmentality/

), The le!itimate and adopted "hildren' ten years of a!e or o&er' of the adoptin! parent or

parents/)3, The ille!itimate "hildren' ten years of a!e or o&er' of the adoptin! parent' if li&in! $ith said

parent and the latter7s spose' if any/ and

)*, The spose' if any' of the person adoptin! or to #e adopted. )1a' EO :1 and P< 69,

Art. 15:. Adoption shall ha&e the follo$in! effe"ts

)1, For "i&il prposes' the adopted shall #e deemed to #e a le!itimate "hild of the adopters and#oth shall a"qire the re"ipro"al ri!hts and o#li!ations arisin! from the relationship of parent and

"hild' in"ldin! the ri!ht of the adopted to se the srname of the adopters/

)+, The parental athority of the parents #y natre o&er the adopted shall terminate and #e &ested

in the adopters' e("ept that if the adopter is the spose of the parent #y natre of the adopted'parental athority o&er the adopted shall #e e(er"ised %ointly #y #oth sposes/ and

), The adopted shall remain an intestate heir of his parents and other #lood relati&es. ):)1,a'

),a' P< 69,

Art. 1:9. Le!al or intestate s""ession to the estate of the adopted shall #e !o&erned #y the

follo$in! rles)1, Le!itimate and ille!itimate "hildren and des"endants and the sr&i&in! spose of the adopted

shall inherit from the adopted' in a""ordan"e $ith the ordinary rles of le!al or intestate

s""ession/


18/23

)+, ;hen the parents' le!itimate or ille!itimate' or the le!itimate as"endants of the adopted

"on"r $ith the adopter' they shall di&ide the entire estate' one8half to #e inherited #y the parents

or as"endants and the other half' #y the adopters/), ;hen the sr&i&in! spose or the ille!itimate "hildren of the adopted "on"r $ith the

adopters' they shall di&ide the entire estate in eqal shares' one8half to #e inherited #y the spose

or the ille!itimate "hildren of the adopted and the other half' #y the adopters.)3, ;hen the adopters "on"r $ith the ille!itimate "hildren and the sr&i&in! spose of the

adopted' they shall di&ide the entire estate in eqal shares' one8third to #e inherited #y the

ille!itimate "hildren' one8third #y the sr&i&in! spose' and one8third #y the adopters/)*, ;hen only the adopters sr&i&e' they shall inherit the entire estate/ and

)6, ;hen only "ollateral #lood relati&es of the adopted sr&i&e' then the ordinary rles of le!al

or intestate s""ession shall apply. ):)3,a' P< 69,

Art. 1:1. If the adopted is a minor or other$ise in"apa"itated' the adoption may #e %di"ially

res"inded pon petition of any person athori0ed #y the "ort or proper !o&ernment instrmental

a"tin! on his #ehalf' on the same !ronds pres"ri#ed for loss or sspension of parental athority.

If the adopted is at least ei!hteen years of a!e' he may petition for %di"ial res"ission of theadoption on the same !ronds pres"ri#ed for disinheritin! an as"endant. )39a' P< 69,

Art. 1:+. The adopters may petition the "ort for the %di"ial res"ission of the adoption in any of

the follo$in! "ases

)1, If the adopted has "ommitted any a"t "onstittin! !rond for disinheritin! a des"endant/ or)+, ;hen the adopted has a#andoned the home of the adopters drin! minority for at least one

year' or' #y some other a"ts' has definitely repdiated the adoption. )31a' P< 69,

Art. 1:. If the adopted minor has not rea"hed the a!e of ma%ority at the time of the %di"ialres"ission of the adoption' the "ort in the same pro"eedin! shall reinstate the parental athority

of the parents #y natre' nless the latter are disqalified or in"apa"itated' in $hi"h "ase the "ort

shall appoint a !ardian o&er the person and property of the minor. If the adopted person isphysi"ally or mentally handi"apped' the "ort shall appoint in the same pro"eedin! a !ardian

o&er his person or property or #oth.

di"ial res"ission of the adoption shall e(tin!ish all re"ipro"al ri!hts and o#li!ations #et$een

the adopters and the adopted arisin! from the relationship of parent and "hild. The adopted shall

li2e$ise lose the ri!ht to se the srnames of the adopters and shall resme his srname prior to

the adoption.

The "ort shall a""ordin!ly order the amendment of the re"ords in the proper re!istries. )3+a' P

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