family and the industrial revolution. misconceptions “machines destroyed the working class...
TRANSCRIPT
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Family and the Industrial Revolution
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Misconceptions• “Machines destroyed the working class
family.”– Home replaced by factory.– Father permitted to employ wife and children– Families relocated closer to factories
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Factory Wages
• Skilled men earned nice wages• Unskilled men, women, children- average
to poor wages
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English Factory Act of 1833
• No Children under 9.• 9 Hour Maximum Work Day• 2 Hours of Education• Adults/ Teens- Max. 12 hr.
work day
~~ 1847- Changed to a Max 10 hr work day
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Mines Act of 1842
• Prohibited underground work for all women as well as boys under 10 years old.
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Women in the Industrial Revolution
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Women in factories• Most were women of the lower classes• Many were unmarried• Had to deal with male supervisors
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Harsh Working Conditions• At homes or sweatshops• Lace making, glove making, garment
making, and needlework• Low wages, low skills• Frequently faced exploitation
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Problems arise
• Low wages forced many women into prostitution.
• Similar to situations to that of “A Factory Girl” was common.
• The primary reason for this: the transformation of an economy of skilled artisans to that of low skilled factory workers.
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Changes in marriage
• Cohabitation becomes more common.• Less arranged marriages.• Fewer family, community ties.• More available young men.• Illegitimate births increased w/ fewer men
willing to marry those fleeting love affairs
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More changes
• Husband was the sole provider.• Children, not women, sent to
work.• More children.
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Domestic duties
• Homemaking- an essential part of family life.
• Cooking, finances• Working class marriages
tended to imitate the family patterns of the upper classes.