families
DESCRIPTION
presentation of an overview on what families meanTRANSCRIPT
11
1) Learn about the structure, organization and functioning of families
2) Learn about the unique stresses associated with families of varying composition
22
A. Anthropology views the family as the source
and carrier of cultureB. Social Psychology
sees families as small groups with tasks to successfully master
33
C. Developmental psychology studies the environment within
which children are raised and grow into themselves
44
D. Clinical Psychology and Psychiatry As the environment within
which normal or abnormal behavior begins, takes hold and becomes the patterns enacted by children
55
E.As the base for all members to experience connection and belonging
while each experiences simultaneously the push toward autonomy and independence
66
F. As the environment within which children learn to know, experience and
modulate their emotions through relationships with attachment
figures
77
G. As a system where the whole is greater than the sum of the parts and where each individual affects and is affected by every other individual
88
An experience of connection with history
Stories of ancestors which offer meaning and value to lives
A sense of identity through identification with family members
99
A safe haven in which to relax and experience acceptance and regard
A set of relationships within which one experiences care and guidance and the opportunity to care for and guide others
1010
Physical intimacy among some members is sanctioned
And is also forbidden among other members
1111
Gathering enough resources to ensure survival
Procreation and looking after immature children
Promoting maturation and successful aging and loss
Providing enough empathetic connection to encourage attention to the above tasks
1212
Functional collaboration Gender expectations Power Responsibility Warmth Positive support Cultural background and difference
1313
Basic Building Blocks of Family Life› Coherence› Organization› Communication› Values and Beliefs
1414
A sense of uniqueness and identity of the family
A sense of membership, inclusion and belonging
A sense of personal space and voice A recognition of developmental status
and skills Accommodation to individual
differences1515
A secure base for emotional expression and regulation
A recognition of the shared effort to pursue family activities such as providing safety, nurturance and socialization
The shared capacity to resolve conflict To reflect on family strengths, capacities
and areas of difficulty To reflect upon the family as members see
it.1616
Recognition of stress or change Labeling of the challenge Developing a shared approach to the
problem
1717
Utilizing the family as a focal point for developing and evaluating stress management strategies
The role of family coherence in these family actions
1818
The role of belonging Family attachment as an affect monitor
and mediator of emotional expression The role of family myths The role of family competence in building
individual self-esteem The role of ritual and celebration
1919
The possibility of multiple definitions of the family
Too rigidly defined family views failing to accept individual difference
2020
The role of individual temperamental factors and non shared environment
Family behavior amplifying affective responses, leading to isolation and scapegoating
2121
Negotiation of Interpersonal Distance Negotiation of roles and tasks
assignment Emotional tone – positive comments
vs. criticism
2222
Negotiation of cultural integration Negotiation of connection to extended
family Negotiation of location and career
intensity Negotiation of sexual behavior and
leisure activities
2323
I. NurturanceII. StructureIII. AffiliationIV. Attachment
2424
A.Access to resourcesB. Capacity to use them for the childC. Own needs being met
2525
D.) Reinforcement for providing for the child
Support from important adults Clear response from the child-
satiation, comfort, satisfaction, quieting
Infant’s social responsiveness connects the child with caretakers
2626
E.) Empathic capacity to infer infant’s needs
Appreciation of intentionality of infant
Reflectiveness on the parents’ part leading to an appreciation of reciprocal selfhood
2727
F. Absence of compelling consistent concerns (addiction, severe
poverty, depression, spouse abuse, severe marital disruption)
2828
A.Capacity to appreciate developmental abilities
B. Avoidance of polarized adult interactions
2929
C. Acceptance of responsibility for child
D. Willingness to distance from the child enough to set a limit
3030
E.Capacity to define the child’s world so that competence develops
F. Utilizing the child’s responsiveness to limits to reinforce future adherence
3131
G. Providing a sense that limits occur through knowledge of the child
and the capacity to appreciate his/her skills and needs
3232
A.The capacity to know the childB. Creating a coherent picture of the
child
3333
C. Willingness to accept and appreciate the child as he/she is
D. Appreciation of the child’s affective responses as legitimate
3434
E.Willingness to respond to the child’s affective expression with knowledge and neither dismissiveness, anxiety nor
disorganization
3535
A.Capacity for affect expression and modulation
B. Sense that relationships provide knowing, definition, safety and ultimately self-expression and self-awareness
3636
C. Recognition that stress can be dealt with socially and affectively
D. Synchrony exists between connection, calming, safety and competence
3737
Single-parent family Divorcing
family/post-divorce family
Blended family Grandparent-or kin-
headed family Foster care family
3838
Adoptive familyAdoptive family Gay and Gay and
lesbian parentslesbian parents Unmarried Unmarried
couple as couple as parentsparents
Bicultural Bicultural familyfamily
Economic concerns Need for social support Relationship of children with
noncustodial parent Balance among home, child rearing,
and work Relationship with and support from
extended family
3939
Balance between nurturance and limit setting for children throughout development
Maintaining a positive relationship with children and between siblings
Time pressures Need for fulfilling personal and social
life
4040
Recognizing strengths and accomplishments
Accepting and grieving losses Collaboration with noncustodial parent Added burden of health or mental
health concerns of parent and children
4141
Negotiations with school, child care providers, and community supports
Dealing with cultural and community attitudes
4242
Introducing the children to a new adult Parental decision to remarry Determine step-parenting roles and
responsibilities Facilitating relationship between
stepparents and children
4343
Facilitating relationship between stepchildren
Developing methods of dealing with ex-spouse(s)
Potential for moving and relocating Engaging stepparent in health and
mental health treatment for the children
4444
Dealing with adaptation to the new family, including resolving differences and conflicts in the new marriage
Developing relationships with new extended family
4545
Preparing for birth of children in the new marriage
Realizing the potential for dissolution of the new marriage and the impact of this on the children
4646
Appreciating the stress associated with relocating the child
Dealing with grandparent (kin) reactions to natural parent’s inability to raise the child
Assisting the child with the emotional reaction to loss or inconsistency of natural parent and previous poor treatment or care
4747
Allowing room for involvement of natural parent as appropriate
Dealing with economic concerns, including finances for child rearing
Dealing with custody ambiguities Grandparent health or mental health
concerns
4848
Dealing with inconsistencies between natural parent and grandparent or kin child-rearing practices
Integrating the children with other household members
4949
Dealing with social service, education, and health and mental health systems effectively
Encouraging time and respite for all family members
5050
Ensuring foster care family availability, certification, training, and adequacy of living situation
Establishing collaborative relationship among foster family, social service agency, mental health professionals, and the children (as appropriate)
5151
Ensuring adequate economic resources for family life
Dealing with the child’s reaction to parental loss and relocation
Providing information to the children about reasons for and duration of foster care
5252
Assisting the children with mental health problems, including responses to previous trauma or loss
Assisting the children with reestablishing relationship with natural parents if that occurs or with inconsistencies of natural parent’s involvement
5353
Dealing with the uncertainty of placement duration and permanency planning
Assisting the children with any moves among foster families
5454
Developing positive attachment with and emotional support for the children through developmental transitions
Establishing effective limit-setting responses for potentially traumatized children
5555
Building attachment and emotional support for children in adoptive family
Developing methods of assisting children with their emotional responses to change, parental loss, and possible previous traumatization
5656
Dealing with cultural or temperamental differences between parents and children
Dealing with parental emotional response to reasons for adopting children
Developing effective parenting skills with often challenging children
5757
Appreciating and responding to child’s experience of not “belonging” to the adoptive family throughout development
Responding to naturally occurring adoptive parent-child conflicts and disagreements
5858
Developing methods of recognizing the value of adoptive parents’ decision to raise nonbiologic children
Identifying and using ratifying and supportive assistance from mental health, educational, and social systems, when necessary
5959
Assisting children with the decision to learn more about their birth culture or meet their natural parents
6060
Reaching agreement and commitment to raise children together
Recognizing strengths, successes, and capacities of homosexual parents
6161
Dealing with the degree to which each parental partner is open about his or her lifestyle with extended family, neighbors, and community; the education system; health and mental health resources; and the other biologic parent
6262
Developing a way to explain parental lifestyle to children
Assisting children with an explanation of their family for peers, teachers, coaches, and others
6363
Responding to discriminatory or misunderstanding comments by family, community members, ex-partners, school personnel, health or mental health providers, or children’s peers
6464
Dealing with the children’s questions and preferences throughout development
Dealing with naturally occurring parent-child conflicts, recognizing how they may be altered by parental lifestyle
6565
Assisting children with their own lifestyle and relationship choices
Dealing with stresses within the parents’ relationship
6666
Maintaining commitment to the relationship and to parenting
Determining parental roles in providing support to the children and setting limits
Recognizing and responding to areas of tenuousness, ambivalence, and insecurity in the parents’ relationship
6767
Facilitating children’s relationship with both parents
Recognizing children’s responses to changes in the relationship either toward greater permanence or toward separation
6868
Assisting the children’s response to separation should that occur and considering possibility of child’s continued involvement with separated partner if mutually acceptable
Acknowledging and responding to difficulties associated with others’ reaction to unmarried status
6969
Establishing family culture Appreciating individual parental
cultural differences, traditions, and expectations
Recognizing children’s need for self-definition and exploration of both parents’ cultures
7070
Appreciating and responding to extended family concerns, questions, and responses
Establishing a dialogue that recognized the strengths, possibilities, and uncertainties of this bicultural synthesis for this family
7171
Assisting the children with responses to questions and potentially insensitive comments from peers and adults in their lives
Developing family traditions that respect both cultural heritages
7272