USES:Its used to conceal varied service lines- structural features , open pipes and wiring, and air conditioning ducts.It gives more options to use special lighting systems such as cove lighting, wall washers, floating effects and so on.False ceiling can be used to give thermal insulation for a given space.Besides, it also creates an effective sonic system especially in auditoriums, cinema halls or recording studios.

• TYPES OF SUSPENDED CEILINGS

• EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID • CONCEALED GRID • SEMI-CONCEALED GRID• CONCEALED GRID FOR• METAL CLIP-IN TILES • METAL STRIP • OPEN CELL CEILINGS • BESPOKE METAL CEILINGS • METAL FURRING SYSTEMS • GRID • PERIMETER TRIMS • HANGERS

• Very basic and economic cost of False Ceiling comes out to Rs. 150 – Rs 200 per sq. ft (square feet) . If you add some creative designs and material quality cost goes up. Designs that gel well with rest of the room.

Plaster of Paris ( POP ) is being used since long long time. Since last few years, Gypsum boards are used a lot. Previously simple wood was used, now good quality Ply is commonly used.

• The suspended ceiling was originally developed to conceal the underside of the floor above and to offer acoustic balance and control in a room.

• The acoustic performance of suspended ceilings has improved dramatically over the years, with enhanced sound absorption and attenuation. This is sometimes achieved by adding insulation known as sound attenuation bats (sabs), more commonly referred to as "sound bats", above the panels to help deaden sounds and keep adjacent rooms quieter.

A COMMERCIAL BUILDING WITHOUT A PLENUM AIRSPACE.

A COMMERCIAL BUILDING WITH A PLENUM AIRSPACE.

FALSE CEILING

PVC FALSE CEILING SECTIONS

• A system where the grid is visible and into which panels are laid. The grid is finished in colours to harmonise or contrast with the panels.

• Panels are manufactured from a variety of materials including mineral/rock fibre, glass fibre, plasterboard, calcium silicate, glass reinforced gypsum, perlite, wood, steel and aluminium. Panels are available in a variety of sizes to suit the modular features of the grid system. The more common being 1200 x 600, 600 x 600 and 500 x 500mm.

• Grid systems are, generally, an inverted ‘T’ design, with a table (exposed face) width of 15 or 24mm. They are rolled from galvanised steel strip with a finished facing of painted steel or aluminium. Grid systems may also have an exposed face that is rolled to a profile or have a profiled aluminium section applied.

EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID

EXPOSED OR LAY-IN GRID

• Extruded aluminium exposed grid systems are also available.

• The various components clip together to form square or rectangular modules to receive infill panels.

• Panels have, most commonly, square or simple rebated edges, but some propriety products may have other edge details. A considerable number of face patterns and colours are available.

• Many panels are designed for wide usage and have good general performance. Panels are also available with enhanced features, offering increased sound absorption, sound attenuation, heat insulation, resistance to humidity, etc.

• Exposed grid suspended ceiling systems can contribute to passive fire protection.

• The system is rapid to install and can provide a high degree of access to the ceiling void.

• Concealed Grid (For Tiles Other Than Steel/Aluminium)

• A system where, after the tiles are installed, the grid is not visible. • The system most commonly comprises galvanised steel ‘Z’ sections fixed

with clips to a primary network of galvanised channel sections. • Systems using inverted ‘T’ sections (similar to those described under

‘Exposed or lay-in grid’) may also be appropriate for specific manufacturer’s tiles.

• Tiles are manufactured from a variety of material, including mineral/rock wool, glass fibre, perlite cast plaster and wood.

• Edges may be kerbed (slotted), back-cut or tongued & grooved to receive the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section.

• The butting edges of the tiles may be square or bevelled to create a ‘V’ joint feature.

• Common sizes of tiles are 300 x 300 and 600 x 600.• Concealed grid systems require an extremely high standard of

workmanship to achieve a satisfactory installation.

TYPICAL CONCEALED GRID

• SEMI-CONCEALED GRID :• A system where the grid is visible in one direction only. • The exposed grid sections would generally be a 24mm ‘T’, as

described under ‘Exposed or lay-in grid’. The concealed components may be similar ‘T’ section, ‘Z’ section (usually 32mm deep) or a special deep ‘cranked Z’.

• As the grid components do not interlock spacer bars must be used to prevent the exposed tee sections ‘spreading’ allowing panels to fall.

• This system is designed to support ‘planks’ – tiles that are 300mm wide and 1200, 1500, 1800 and up to 2500mm long.

• The exposed sections support the shorter edges.• Planks are manufactured from a variety of material, including

mineral/rock wool, glass fibre, wood, steel and aluminium. • The short edges are square cut and the long edges may be kerbed

(slotted), back-cut or tongued and grooved to receive the ‘Z’ or ‘T’ section.

• Planks manufactured from steel or aluminium will, generally, not require the longitudinal (concealed) components.

• The butting edges of the planks are usually bevelled to create a ‘V’ joint feature, but may be square – metal versions may have a separating foam gasket.

• Semi-concealed systems can offer access to the void above the ceiling, but, if required on a regular basis, care should be exercised in the selection of plank material.

INSTALLATION SEQUENCE

• Marking and drilling in primary ceiling.• fix the perimeter angle section to the walls at the

desired levels.• Suspend the intermediate c channel from the ceiling

at the desired height with soffit cleat.( soffit cleat spacing=1200mm, intermediate channel spacing=450/600mm)

• Suspend the main frame ceiling section from the intermediate section with connecting clips at 600mm c/c.

• Screw the panel onto the frame work.• the electric cables and service ducts ore laid as per

design before panels are screwed.• For final finishing panel can be painted or polished.

• Suspended ceiling is a secondary ceiling which is hung below the main ceiling. • Also referred as a drop ceiling, T-bar ceiling, false ceiling• Used for concealing the underside of the floor above • Used to offer acoustic balance and control in a room & improve insulation. • Consists of a grid work of metal channels in the shape of an upside-down "T“• Grid work are suspended on wires from the overhead structure • Grids modular size = 600x600mm• Each cell is filled with lightweight "tiles" or "panels" which simply drop into the grid. •Tiles can be selected with a variety of materialsInstallation Of Suspended Ceiling:•Install splayed wires at 3.6m on center in four directions.•Provide adjustable compression struts, at center of splayed wires, and attach to the structure above.•Provide ceiling tile clips.•Provide 25mm minimum separation between the ceiling system and the enclosing walls•This separation is called seismic separation

Installation Note:•Standard grid module systems should not be more than 1.5 m in any direction.•Hanger attachment devices is capable of carrying either 200 pounds or 3 times the ceiling design load•Members perpendicular to the wall at the unattached sides of the grid shall be tied together with the help of stabilizing bar (stabilized) to prevent their spreading.

(3.6m)

(3.6m)

(1.2 or 1.5m)

(1.8m)

(2.4m)

General Installation Requirements

(2.4m)

(2.4m)

(2.4m)

(2’=0.6m)

(3/4’=0.2m)

Typical Ceiling Grid Layout

Screw

Screw

Screw

Stabilizer bar

0.6m

2.4m

(3/4’=0.2m)

Screw

2.4m

0.6m

GridGrid

Unattached End of Grid

Attached End of Grid

Hanger Wires & Stabilizer Bar

(0.6m)

(2.4m)

(2.4m)

(2.4m)

(4’= 1.2m)(2’= 0.6m)

• Lighting fixtures, egress lighting, speakers, air terminals or mechanical services weighing up to 56 pounds can be supported by suspended ceiling• Sprinkler heads or other similar ceiling penetrations shall be provided with at least 2.54 cm of clearance in all directions surrounding the sprinkler head or extension.

Sprinkler Penetration

Fixture Support

Expansion joint

Installation Of Timber Suspended Ceiling:• Grid system is formed with the help of wooden joists.• Modular grid size 400x600mm• Grid system is supported by hanger wire & wooden screws• Each cell is filled with lightweight “wooden panels" which simply drop into the grid. 

Description of the material1 Cement Board Indoor2 Insulation material coat3 Batten and lath framework 400/600 mm4 Maxi Screw7 Joint Filler –14 fire protection plate GKF, 12.5 mm21 Direct hanger27 Dividing strips28 Filling29 Expansion joint (15-20mm gap)

Suspended ceiling with wooden framework

Direct fastening under solid ceilings

Connection to solid walls

Direct fastening under wooden ceilings

Installation Of Steel Suspended Ceiling:• Steel structure of suspended ceiling is composed of grids•Grid system is supported by hanger wire•Each cell is filled with lightweight “panels" which simply drops into the grid. Abbreviation:1. Primary profile 2. Secondary profile3. Fixing hooks4. Connector5. Hanger 6. Hanger wires

APPLICATION :I. Primary & Secondary profile : 60x27mm Application : Used as Grid.II. Connector: 27x61.5x100 mm Application: To connect two profilesIII.Fixer: 50x58x0.8 mm Application: Fixes secondary profile to primary

profileIV. Hangers / Hanger wires (dia 6mm): 90x58x1.5mm Application: Fixes primary profile to ceiling

Installation Of Aluminum Suspended Ceiling:• Aluminum structure of suspended ceiling is composed of grids•Grid system is supported by hanger wire & cleats•Each cell is filled with lightweight “panels" which simply drops into the grid. 

Length : 3.6 m

Length : 1.2mLength : 3.05

m

Polyvinyl chloride (P.V.C.) tiles 

• Are commonly used floor & suspended ceiling finish• They are small in size , usually 150mm, 225mm and 305mm• The tiles are made of a composite of PVC and fiber•  Available in different colors, sizes, designs and patterns• Are used in residences, offices, and commercial areas• The main advantages of PVC tiles are:a.  Are easy to install & maintenance free b.  Offer excellent insulationc.  Are water proof and fire retardant.d. Long lasting

Gypsum Board 

• Is a panel made of gypsum plaster• It is pressed between two thick sheets of paper. • It is used to make interior walls and ceilings.  • The main advantages of gypsum board are:a)Ease of installationb)Fire resistancec) Sound insulationd)Durability , Economy & Versatility

Acoustic Board • Is a special kind of board made of sound absorbing materials. • Its job is to provide sound insulation.• Ceiling is porous. • When sound passes through an acoustic board, the intensity of sound is decreased. • The loss of sound energy is balanced by producing heat energy. • Used in auditoriums, halls, seminar rooms, libraries etc

Special Consideration of fire insulation:

1. Tiles can provide the additional resistance.2. A fire-resistance rating typically means the

duration for which a passive fire protection system can withstand a standard fire resistance test

3. Fire resistance ratings for ceiling panels vary with respect to different material.

4. Fire resistance ratings are based on the materials used and preparation of each panel.

5. Regulations call for the control of fire, smoke and gases in ceiling voids.

6. Cavity barriers should be installed at the specified intervals.

7. Cavity barriers are primarily intended to delay the passage of fire.

8. Indicative tests have shown that stone wool, reinforced with a 25mm wire mesh, acts as a high efficiency filter to prevent the passage of smoke particles.

9. Cavity barriers must satisfy the requirements of current Building Regulations

10.Where services penetrate a barrier its effectiveness must be maintained by effective and approved sealing.

11.All fire sprinklers piping and layout to be approved by the fire department

12.Fire sprinklers head should have 0.6 m oversize ring or adaptor through the ceiling to allow for at least 0.31 m of movement in all directions

13.For fire resistive main runners, all expansion relief cutout should be within 1m of a vertical support wire

Fire Sprinkler Head

DETACHED CEILING- It’s a part ceiling with or without covering the primary

ceiling. this ceiling is mainly used to play with the levels of the false ceiling to provide lighting.

This system is creatively used, especially at the exhibition galleries and show rooms using very unusual materials like fabrics and other similar materials.

POINTS TO BE NOTED- Avoid textured or porous materials at the non- air

conditioned spaces to avoid accumulation of dust in long run and for better maintenance.

The ceiling material should be selected, in such a way that it can be painted.

The space between the false ceiling and the primary ceiling shall be completely sealed off for better maintenance

GYPSUM BOARD CEILING

Gypboard attached(direct to framing):

• Secured directly to framing members or to solid furring.

• Most widely used in residential and light commercial

• construction.• Two layers may be required for an improved fire

resistance to sound transmission.• Directly affected by deflection and/or

expansion/contraction in supporting framing.

Gypboard attached(direct to framing)

Primary & secondary supports

• 4. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SUPPORTS:

• Primary suspension system may also include a

• Secondary system of furring channels used to align

• The primary system and/or to provide resilient mounting

• of the membrane.• It is a high cost assembly and not widely

used.• Resilient furring channels generally used

with wood framing.

Concealed metal framework

Concealed wooden framework

Basic grid for gyp board false ceiling made of channel and holdfast

Fixture detail at step(level difference at false ceiling)

detail view

support used to lift the wirings

Typical cross section

Perimeter detail

Method of fixing sections

3d view of joinery details

Fixture of channels at cornerfixing details

WALL TO WALL FALSE CEILING - It is commonly used. this is a straight forward ceiling with plane, curve, domed or angular shaped forms connecting all the walls.

MATERIALS mostly used in this category are pop, gypsum board, thermocol, extruded aluminium, ply wood wooden panneling and ceiling tiles.

PLASTER OF PARIS FALSE CEILING

GYPSUM BOARDS HAVING DIFFERENT TEXTURES

CENTRE ROSES

WALL PANELS CAPITALS

PROCESS OF PREPARATION OF P.O.P SHEET

MODULAR CEILING –

It comes in fix sizes of panels thus accommodating the lighting system with the same, multiple or fractions of the modules.

Acoustic tile is the best example in this category.

advantage is it offers flexibility in terms of change in lighting system, service ducts and pipes that run below the primary ceiling without damaging the false ceiling.

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