fall1, m.muzzamil and tahir ibrahim, international trade, final project

8/7/2019 Fall1, M.Muzzamil and Tahir Ibrahim, International Trade, Final Project

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Even if all the trees on earth were pens, and the oceans ink, with seven more oceans added to it,

the words of ALLAH would not be exhausted; for ALLAH infinite in Power and Wisdom.

(Quran)

All the praises for ALLAH Almighty, Who had blessed us with a unique opportunity to exhibit

our caliber in a prolific way

We would like to thank our Course Instructor Mr. Khalil Arbi who gave us opportunity to

complete this project. He was always there for best advice, and able to point us in the right

direction many times.

Furthermore, we thank to our parents who supported greatly during the project and forced to

continue even at times when things werent going so well.


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Executive Summary

In this project, our concern country is Canada; it is the second largest country of the world and

also has large provinces and three territories. We analyze and compare the GDP and GDP per

capita of 50 years of Pakistan and Canada. We have also mention the ranking of 50 years of both

countries with respect of their GDP and GDP per capita and we also tells the combination of

imports and exports of the concern country with respect to the year 2005 to 2008. In this report,

we also show the major imports and exports of both countries. Mostly the Canadas imports are

from USA and it spends huge funds on its imports. Canada Major imports are Vehicle, railways

and tramways where as Canada has large number of natural resources, including minerals and

other valuable metals and wood. Canada exports covers minerals and wood, and it generate

foreign exchange from them and Canada main exports are minerals, flues and oil. We also

mention the trade partners of Canada and Pakistan with respect to the year 2005 to 2008 and also

explain separately partners of import and exports on the yearly bases. And also shows the total

value of goods and services produced in a year in particular time period and an approximation ofthe value of goods produced per person in the country, equal to the country's GDP divided by the

total number of people in the country. We show the GDP and GDP per Capita of the concern

country with the help of graphs and explain through decade wise analysis.


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Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................5

2. CANADA MAJOR IMPORTS AND EXPORTS ........................................................................................6

2.1 CANADAS MAJOR IMPORTS .................................................................................................................................6

2.2 CANADAS MAJOR EXPORTS.................................................................................................................................7

3. IMPORT AND EXPORT ANALYSIS OF CANADA.................................................................................7

3.1 IMPORT AND EXPORT GROWTH RATE (PREVIOUS YEAR BASE) ............................................................................8

3.2 IMPORT AND EXPORT GROWTH RATE (2005YEAR AS BASE) ...............................................................................8

4. TRADE PATTERN OF CANADA (2005-2008) .......................................................................................... 9

4.1 COMBINATION OF IMPORTS ..................................................................................................................................9

4.2 COMBINATION OF EXPORTS ...............................................................................................................................10

5. TRADE PARTNERS OF CANADA..........................................................................................................11

5.1 CANADAS YEARLY EXPORTS WITH TRADE PARTNERS.....................................................................................................115.2 CANADAS YEARLY IMPORTS WITH TRADE PARTNERS .....................................................................................................12

6. PAKISTAN MAJOR IMPORTS AND EXPORTS ...................................................................................13

6.1 PAKISTANS MAJOR IMPORTS .............................................................................................................................13

6.2 PAKISTANS MAJOR EXPORTS.............................................................................................................................13

7. IMPORT AND EXPORT ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN............................................................................14

7.1 IMPORT AND EXPORT GROWTH RATE (PREVIOUS YEAR BASE) ..........................................................................14

7.2 IMPORT AND EXPORT GROWTH RATE (2005YEAR AS BASE) .............................................................................14

8. IMPORT AND EXPORT ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN AND CANADA ................................................. 15

8.1 ANALYSIS OF IMPORTS .......................................................................................................................................15

8.2 ANALYSIS OF EXPORTS ......................................................................................................................................15

9. TRADE PATTERN OF PAKISTAN (2005-2008) .....................................................................................16

9.1 COMBINATION OF IMPORTS ................................................................................................................................16

9.2 COMBINATION OF EXPORTS ...............................................................................................................................17

10. TRADE PARTNERS OF PAKISTAN .........................................................................................................18

10.1 TRADE PARTNERS IN IMPORTS .........................................................................................................................18

10.1.1 Trade with Import Partners......................................................................................................................18

10.2 TRADE PARTNERS IN EXPORTS.........................................................................................................................19

10.2.1 Trade with Export Partners .....................................................................................................................19

11. GDP AND GDP PER CAPITAL ANALYSIS OF CANADA AND PAKISTAN .........................................21

11.1 GDP AND GDP PER CAPITA OF CANADA AND ITS RANKING ............................................................................21

11.1.1 GDP and GDP per capita Analysis of Canada........................................................................................22

11.2 GDP AND GDP PER CAPITA OF PAKISTAN AND ITS RANKING ..........................................................................24

11.2.1 GDP and GDP per capita Analysis of Pakistan......................................................................................27


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12. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ............................................................................................ 29

13. REFERENCES .............................................................................................................................................30


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1. IntroductionCanada is the second largest country of the world, is a collection of ten fairly large provinces and

three territories. The total area of Canada is 9,984,670square kilometers. Initially Canada was a

colony of the United Kingdom but today it is a free nation.

The ten provinces of the country are as follows

1. Alberta

2. British Columbia

3. Manitoba

4. New Brunswick

5. Newfoundland and Labrador

6. Nova Scotia

7. Ontario

8. Prince Edward Island

9. Quebec

10. Saskatchewan

The three territories are

1. North west Territories

2. Nunavut

3. Yukon

Canada is one of the richest countries of the world, and it is also one of the leading producers of

several minerals. The total population of the country is 32 878, 900, (2007 census), Major part ofthis population is concentrated around the Great Lakes and the Saint Lawrence River.

Incidentally Canada has the largest number of lakes in the world, hence an important

accumulation of the world's fresh water. Canada offers grand scenic beauty. Much of the land in

Canada is either under water or consists of rocky, marshy, mountainous, which is just not fit for

settling down. This is precisely why most of the inhabitants settle in areas that have better soils

and is easier to live in than the rough terrains.

Climate of Canada

The climate of Canada varies from temperate in the southern region to sub arctic and arctic in

northern region. In fact, Canada's climate is influenced by latitude and topography.

The north of Canada has harsh Arctic and sub-Arctic climates, which is why it is sparsely

inhabited. Most Canadians live in the southern part of the country.


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Location of Canada

Canada is bound on the north by the Arctic Ocean; by Baffin Bay and Davis Strait on the

northeast, which separate it from Greenland; by the Atlantic Ocean on the east; by the United

States on the south; by the Pacific Ocean and Alaska and on the west.

2. Canada Major Imports and ExportsMost of the land of Canada covered by Rocky Mountains and snow and water, so there is

difficult for farmers to produce agricultural products. Canadian also faces a big problem to install

new industry. So Canada depends on other countries to meet its needs.

2.1 Canadas major Imports

Followings are the major imports of Canada

1. Agricultural and fishing products

2. Fruits and vegetables

3. Other agricultural and fishing products

4. Energy products

5. Crude petroleum

6. Other energy products

7. Forestry products

8. Industrial goods and materials

9. Metals and metal ores10. Chemicals and plastics

11. Machinery and equipment

12. Industrial and agricultural machinery

13. Aircraft and other transportation equipment

14. Office machines and equipment

15. Other machinery and equipment

16. Automotive products

17. Passenger autos and chassis

18. Trucks and other motor vehicles

19. Motor vehicle parts

20. Apparel and footwear


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2.2 Canadas major Exports

Followings are the major Exports of Canada

1. Pharmaceutical preparations2. Aluminum

3. Other belting, boxes and glass

4. Fuel oil

5. Notions, art and writing supplies

6. Other petroleum products

7. Automotive parts

8. Natural gas

9. Passenger cars

10. Crude oil

11. Non-military spacecraft

12. Precious and semiprecious gem stones

13. Natural rubber

14. Cotton, wool and other natural fibers

15. Other military equipment

16. Numismatic coins (collectibles)

17. Video equipment

18. Tea, spices and preparations

19. Other non-agriculture foods

20. Truck and bus chassis

3. Import and Export Analysis of Canada

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

$ million

Imports 387,837.80 404,345.40 415,683.10 443,751.70 374,096.80

Exports 450,210.00 453,951.90 463,120.40 489,995.40 369,528.80

Balance 62,372.20 49,606.50 47,437.30 46,243.70 -4,568.00


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3.1 Import and Export Growth Rate (Previous Year base)The following table shows the percentage growth in the Imports and Exports (Previous

year base)

2006 2007 2008 2009

Growth Rate % (Previous year base)

Imports 0.042563 0.02804 0.067524 -0.15697

Exports 0.008311 0.020197 0.05803 -0.24585

3.2 Import and Export Growth Rate (2005 Year as base)The following table shows the percentage growth in the Imports and Exports (2005 year

base)

2006 2007 2008 2009

Growth Rate % (2005 base year)

Imports 0.0425632 0.071796 0.144168 -0.03543

Exports 0.008311 0.028676 0.088371 -0.17921

Import Analysis

In 2005 the imports of Canada was USD 387,837.80 millions and in 2006 the imports was USD404,345.40 millions that was increased by 4.25% as compared to 2005. In 2007 imports of

Canada was USD 415,683.10 that was increased by 2.8% as compare to 2006 and increased by

7.17% as compared to 2005. In 2008 the imports of Canada was USD 443,751.70 millions that

was increased by 6.75% as compared to 2007 and increased by 14.41% as compared to 2005. In

2009 the imports of Canada was USD 374,096.80 millions that was decreased by 15.69% as

compared to 2008 and decreased by 3.54% as compare to 2005.

Export Analysis

In 2005 the Exports of Canada was USD 450,210.00 millions and in 2006 the Exports was USD

453,951.90 millions that was increased by 0.83% as compared to 2005. In 2007 Exports of

Canada was USD 463,120.40 millions that was increased by 2.02% as compare to 2006 and

increased by 2.86% as compared to 2005. In 2008 the Exports of Canada was USD 489,995.40

millions that was increased by 5.80% as compared to 2007 and increased by 8.83% as compared

to 2005. In 2009 the Exports of Canada was USD 369,528.80 millions that was decreased by

24.58% as compared to 2008 and decreased by 17.92% as compare to 2005.


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4. Trade Pattern of Canada (2005-2008)The combination of imports and exports of the country is known as trade pattern of the country.

4.1 Combination of Imports

The following table shows the import products and year wise amounts

HSC IMPORT COMMODITIES 2005 2006 2007 2008 Average

87 Vehicles other than railway, tramway 54,302.138 59,846.189 64,254.280 59,584.185 59,496.698

84 Boilers, machinery; nuclear reactors, etc 51,113.580 55,824.666 59,033.431 60,267.649 56,559.832

85 Electrical, electronic equipment 31,319.116 34,769.016 37,347.694 39,554.905 35,747.683

27 Mineral fuels, oils, distillation products, etc 28,895.977 32,022.772 35,490.371 50,620.970 36,757.523

39 Plastics and articles thereof 11,284.895 12,242.825 12,639.432 13,291.922 12,364.769

90 Optical, photo, technical, medical, etcapparatus 9,390.620 10,038.690 10,315.733 10,953.841 10,174.721

30 Pharmaceutical products 7,439.022 9,123.082 10,090.223 10,660.598 9,328.231

72 Iron and steel 7,049.361 7,914.147 7,768.172 8,793.021 7,881.175

73 Articles of iron or steel 7,031.134 8,211.228 8,568.118 10,179.725 8,497.551

29 Organic chemicals 5,800.662 6,703.271 7,379.527 7,243.041 6,781.625

94Furniture, lighting, signs, prefabricatedbuildings 5,706.594 6,631.455 7,477.587 7,804.599 6,905.059

88 Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof 5,340.986 5,226.900 7,044.691 7,105.969 6,179.637

48Paper & paperboard, articles of pulp, paperand board 5,015.338 5,526.199 5,799.899 5,905.040 5,561.619

99 Commodities not elsewhere specified 4,692.723 5,389.693 6,605.447 7,428.246 6,029.027

40 Rubber and articles thereof 4,527.045 4,903.588 5,151.035 5,416.046 4,999.429

71 Pearls, precious stones, metals, coins, etc 3,689.610 5,287.129 6,364.503 8,541.195 5,970.609

95 Toys, games, sports requisites 3,268.838 3,590.368 4,417.959 4,743.183 4,005.087

76 Aluminum and articles thereof 3,148.750 3,786.852 3,898.529 3,867.249 3,675.345

38 Miscellaneous chemical products 2,972.093 3,265.297 3,472.767 3,753.415 3,365.893

44 Wood and articles of wood, wood charcoal 2,919.597 - - - 2,919.597

62Articles of apparel, accessories, not knit orcrochet 2,918.445 3,220.194 3,561.916 - 3,233.518


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Mostly Canadas imports are from USA and it spends huge funds on its imports. In the above

table the imports of top 20 commodities are given with their amounts. That clearly shows huge

outflow of foreign exchange. Canadas major import is Vehicle, Railways and tramways. On the

average (2005-2008) Canada spend $59496.698 million on the import of Vehicle, Railways and

tramways, then comes Boiler and machinery that use in nuclear reactor which amounts

$56559.832 million, and so on.

4.2 Combination of ExportsThe following table shows the Export products and year wise amounts

HSC EXPORT COMMODITIES 2005 2006 2007 2008 Average

27Mineral fuels, oils, distillationproducts, etc 72,796.023 77,479.954 87,264.379 125,876.002 90,854.090

87Vehicles other than railway,tramway 64,765.751 64,825.440 63,952.877 50,836.598 61,095.167

84Boilers, machinery; nuclearreactors, etc 27,875.507 29,917.838 33,635.930 34,638.400 31,516.919

85 Electrical, electronic equipment 16,976.734 18,544.345 18,986.471 17,983.754 18,122.826

44Wood and articles of wood, woodcharcoal 16,759.256 15,340.502 12,611.562 9,284.502 13,498.956

99Commodities not elsewherespecified 16,223.309 16,292.538 16,255.202 16,547.245 16,329.574

48Paper & paperboard, articles ofpulp, paper and board 12,688.207 12,631.285 12,053.580 12,420.843 12,448.479

39 Plastics and articles thereof 11,758.257 12,753.788 12,567.990 12,618.521 12,424.639

88Aircraft, spacecraft, and partsthereof 7,984.598 8,815.340 10,124.000 9,530.336 9,113.569

76 Aluminum and articles thereof 7,883.907 10,745.423 11,397.405 11,029.141 10,263.969

94Furniture, lighting, signs,prefabricated buildings 6,590.232 6,674.793 6,213.542 - 6,492.856

71Pearls, precious stones, metals,coins, etc 6,019.380 7,885.292 9,263.413 12,396.442 8,891.132

47Pulp of wood, fibrous cellulosicmaterial, waste etc 5,364.948 5,864.995 6,824.411 6,798.754 6,213.277

73 Articles of iron or steel 5,143.165 5,587.092 6,081.543 6,416.166 5,806.992

72 Iron and steel 4,815.892 5,494.395 6,113.760 8,481.882 6,226.48229 Organic chemicals 4,233.340 4,636.721 5,268.607 - 4,712.889

90Optical, photo, technical, medical,etc apparatus 4,231.326 4,841.944 5,031.862 5,598.682 4,925.954

75 Nickel and articles thereof 3,524.401 5,315.430 9,935.606 6,746.564 6,380.500

28Inorganic chemicals, precious metalcompound, isotopes 3,434.442 - 5,981.157 - 4,707.800


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30 Pharmaceutical products 3,410.999 4,642.857 6,112.367 6,065.528 5,057.938

Canada has large number of natural recourse, including minerals and other valuable metals and

wood. Canada exports covers minerals and wood, and it generate foreign exchange from them. In

the above table Canadas exports and their values are given, that shows the main exports areminerals, flues and oil, on the average of 2005-2008 Canada generate almost $90,854.090

million from its export. Then vehicle that is on average $61095.167 million.

5. Trade Partners of CanadaThe followings are the trade partners of Canada in imports and exports

1. United State of America

2. Japan

3. United Kingdom4. China

5. Mexico

6. Germany

5.1 Canadas Yearly Exports with Trade Partners

2005 2006 2007 2008

Exports with Country Million US $

United States of America 302,195.42 316,556.52 331,602.00 353,782.68

United Kingdom 6,823.02 8,937.96 11,938.64 12,290.62

Japan 7,578.12 8,306.13 8,603.15 10,469.97

China 5,961.75 6,879.50 8,873.33 9,885.98

Mexico 2,781.82 3,858.03 4,628.25 5,516.32

0.00

50,000.00

100,000.00

150,000.00

200,000.00

250,000.00

300,000.00

350,000.00

400,000.00

United States of AmericaUnited Kingdom Japan China Mexico

MillionUS$

Countries

Yearly Exports with countries

2005

2006

2007

2008


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The above table and graph show the top 5 Exports partners of Canada. On the x-axis the Export

partners are shown and on the y-axis the value of exports in million USD are shown, and the

graph shows exports with Partners 2005 to 2008, the graph shows that the highest trade is with

USA that is USD353,782.68 million in 2008, and minimum with Mexico that is USD 5516.32

million.

5.2 Canadas Yearly Imports with Trade Partners

2005 2006 2007 2008

Imports with Country Million US $

United States of America 177,635.58 192,177.942 206,450.58 214,083.08

China 24,369.39 30,443.24 35,804.09 40,148.14

Japan 12,220.17 13,521.36 14,447.52 14,399.876

Mexico 12,049.96 14,131.49 16,050.16 16,858.437

United Kingdom 8,602.29 - - -

Germany - 9,849.49 10,778.38 11,973.79

The above table and graph show the top 5 Imports partners of Canada. On the x-axis the Import

partners are shown and on the y-axis the value of Imports in million USD are shown, and the

graph shows Imports with Partners 2005 to 2008, the graph shows that the highest Imports isfrom USA that is USD214038.08 million in 2008, and minimum with Germany that is USD

11,973.79 million.

0.00

50,000.00

100,000.00

150,000.00

200,000.00

250,000.00

United States

of America

China Japan Mexico United

Kingdom

Germany

MillionUS$

Countries

Yearly Imports with countries

2005

2006

2007

2008


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6. Pakistan Major Imports and Exports

6.1 Pakistans major ImportsFollowings are the major imports of Pakistan

1. Civilian aircraft (complete)

2. Generators & accessories

3. Cotton

4. Computer accessories

5. Chemical fertilizers

6. Telecommunications equipment

7. Tanks, artillery, missiles, rockets, guns & ammunition

8. Civil aircraft (parts)

9. Military parts

10. Engines & turbines for military aircraft11. Tanks, artillery, missiles, rockets, guns & ammunition

12. Engines & turbines for military aircraft

13. Civilian aircraft (complete)

14. Sports apparel & gear

15. Cotton fiber cloth

6.2 Pakistans major ExportsFollowings are the major Exports of Pakistan

1. Cotton apparel & household furnishings2. Cotton cloth & fabrics (threads, cordage)3. Other textiles apparel & household furnishings4. Textile floor coverings including rugs5. Non-textile apparel & household furnishings6. Sporting & camping apparel, footwear & gear7. Other scientific, medical & hospital equipment8. Toys, bicycles and other sporting goods9. Synthetic cloth & fabrics (threads, cordage)10. Cookware, cutlery, house & garden wares including tools11. Industrial organic chemicals

12. Bakery & confectionary products13. Miscellaneous items (e.g. tobacco, waxes, non-food oils)14. Other automotive parts & accessories15. Fruits & preparations (e.g. frozen juices)


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7. Import and Export Analysis of Pakistan

2005 2006 2007 2008

$ million

Imports20,598 28,581 30,540 42,326

Exports14,391 16,469 17,011 20,279

Balance -6,207 -12,112 -13,529 -22,047

7.1 Import and Export Growth Rate (Previous Year base)The following table shows the percentage growth in the Imports and Exports (Previous

year base)

2006 2007 2008

Growth % (Previous year base)Imports 0.387562 0.068542 0.38591Exports 0.144396 0.03291 0.192083

7.2 Import and Export Growth Rate (2005 Year as base)The following table shows the percentage growth in the Imports and Exports (2005 year as

base)

Import Analysis

In 2005 the imports of Pakistan was USD 20,598 million and in 2006 the imports was USD

28,581 million that was increased by 38.75% as compared to 2005. In 2007 imports of Pakistan

were USD 30,540 million that was increased by 6.85% as compare to 2006 and increased by

48.26% as compared to 2005. In 2008 the imports of Pakistan was USD 42,326 million that wasincreased by 38.59% as compared to 2007 and increased by 105.58% as compared to 2005.

Export Analysis

In 2005 the Exports of Pakistan was USD 14,391 million and in 2006 the Exports was USD

16,469 million that was increased by 14.43% as compared to 2005. In 2007 Exports of Pakistan

was USD 17,011 million that was increased by 3.29% as compare to 2006 and increased by

2006 2007 2008

Growth % (2005 year as base)Imports 0.3875619 0.4826682 105.48

Exports 0.1443958 0.1820582 49.11


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18.20% as compared to 2005. In 2008 the Exports of Pakistan was USD 20,279 million that was

increased by 19.21% as compared to 2007 and increased by 49.11% as compared to 2005.

8. Import and Export analysis of Pakistan and Canada

8.1 Analysis of ImportsIn 2005 Pakistan Exports as far less than the Canadian Exports that are only

(14391/450210)*100 i.e. 3.19%

In 2006 Pakistan Exports as far less than the Canadian Exports that are only

(16469/453951)*100 i.e. 3.63%


(17011/463120)*100 i.e. 3.67%


(20279/489995)*100 i.e. 4.14%

8.2 Analysis of ExportsIn 2005 Pakistan Imports as far less than the Canadian Imports that are only

(20598/387837)*100 i.e. 5.31%

In 2006 Pakistan Imports as far less than the Canadian Imports that are only

(28581/404345)*100 i.e. 7.07%


(30540/415683)*100 i.e. 7.35%


(42326/374096)*100 i.e. 11.31%


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9. Trade Pattern of Pakistan (2005-2008)

9.1 Combination of ImportsThe following table shows the import products and yearly amounts

HSCode IMPORT COMMODITIES

2008 2007 2006 2005 AveragesMillion US $

27 Minerals, fuels, oil, distillation product14,054.23 8,350.33 7,680.30 5,299.36 8,846.05

85 Electrical, electronic equipment3,760.75 2,953.91 3,085.70 2,523.48 3,080.96

15 Animals, Vegetables, fats and oils1,879.78 1,301.19 878.79 863.89 1,230.91

29 Organic chemicals1,761.34 1,569.28 1,177.94 1,266.33 1,443.72

10 Cereals

1,690.32 110.95 132.12 161.37 523.69

72 Iron and steel1,629.43 1,543.03 1,392.85 1,444.88 1,502.55

52 Cotton1,208.57 917.84 428.92 517.54 768.22

31 Fertilizers729.08 747.98 451.98 655.74 646.19

28Inorganic chemicals, precious metalcompound isotopes

687.84 257.87 238.24 270.84 363.70

48Paper and paper board, articles of pulpand paper board

439.19 400.99 360.98 296.89 374.51

30 Pharmaceuticals products 432.21 373.37 244.38 223.49 318.36

12 Oil seed, oleic, fruits, seed, fruits379.71 501.43 403.80 345.46 407.60

88 Air craft, space craft, and parts thereof325.60 645.08 626.20 85.23 420.52

9 Coffee, tea, mate and spices318.00 256.10 277.93 279.38 282.85

32Tanning dying extracts, tennis drivepigments etc

309.37 263.91 233.48 205.36 253.03

7Edible vegetable and certain roots andtubers

304.94 288.11 289.77 202.93 271.44

34Soaps lubricants, waxes, candles,modeling pastes

194.76 148.14 119.64 111.37 143.47

26 Ores, slag and ash188.96 101.23 85.86 97.53 118.40

76 Aluminum and articles thereof184.69 245.19 208.47 1,790.64 607.25

89 Ships, boats and other floating structures183.18 573.29 72.00 113.50 235.49


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Mostly Canadas imports are from Saudi Arabia and USA and it spends huge funds on its

imports. In the above table the imports of top 20 commodities are given with their amounts. That

clearly shows huge outflow of foreign exchange. Pakistans major import is oil and electronic

commodities. Pakistan import oil from Saudi Arabia and Electric Equipment from USA. On the

average (2005-2008) Pakistan spend USD 8846.05 million on the import of Oil and USD

3080.96 million on import of Electric Equipment and so on.

9.2 Combination of ExportsThe following table shows the Export products and year wise amounts

HSC EXPORT COMMODITIES2008 2007 2006 2005 Average

Million US $52 Cotton 3,595.582 3,439.442 3,601.029 3,428.940 3,516.248

63 Other made textile articles, sets, worn clothingetc

3,145.493 3,178.754 3,242.517 3,070.734 3,159.375

61 Articles of apparel, accessories, knit or crochet 1,888.424 1,824.458 1,902.202 1,655.085 1,817.542

27 Minerals, fruits, oils distillation products 1,229.772 994.421 841.228 674.679 935.025

42 Articles of leather, animal cut, harness, travelgoods

766.822 691.589 680.344 692.672 707.857

25 salt, subpar, earth stone, plaster, lime and cement 601.007 251.672 127.389 112.644 273.178

41 Raw hides and skins and leather 383.118 3,910.877 317.719 306.698 1,229.603

84 Boilers, machinery, nuclear reactors etc 317.126 155.673 112.927 110.427 174.038

39 Plastics and Articles thereof 296.434 186.499 213.333 274.041 242.577

90 Optical, photo technical, medical apparatus 279.934 240.995 170.600 185.509 219.260

17 Sugar and sugar confectionary 239.437 61.050 96.929 102.275 124.923

22 Beverages, spirits and vinegar 230.957 155.638 117.358 73.766 144.430

95 Toys, games and sports requisites 226.173 210.700 304.727 287.173 257.193

3 Fish, aquamarine invertebrates 217.553 161.042 167.707 146.652 173.239

57 Carpets and other floor coverings 188.151 222.154 246.129 287.543 235.994

64 Footwear and gaiters and the like parts thereon 133.173 113.200 135.205 154.486 134.016

87 Vehicles other than railway tramway 99.447 49.493 84.546 36.914 67.600

60 Manmade staple fibers 284.804 385.951 234.478 75.985 245.305

73 Articles of iron or steel 119.594 90.730 74.351 99.638 96.078


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Mostly Pakistans major Exports to USA and Germany and Pakistan earn foreign reserve for the

exports of cotton. In the above table the exports of top 20 commodities are given with their

amounts. That clearly shows inflow of foreign exchange form the exports of textile sector.

Pakistans major export is textile clothing and minerals and fruits. Pakistan export textile to USA

and Germany. On the average (2005-2008) Pakistan earn USD 3516.248 million from the export

of textile and USD 935.025 million from fruits.

10. Trade Partners of PakistanThe followings are the trade partners of Pakistan

10.1 Trade Partners in Imports1. United States2. Japan

3. Kuwait

4. Saudi Arabia

5. United Arab Emirates

6. China

10.1.1 Trade with Import Partners

2008 2007 2006 2005

Import Partner Million $

Saudi Arabia 5.955 4.012 3.033 2.651

China 4.738 4.164 2.915 2.349

United Arab Emirates 3.778 2.767 3.408 2.481

Kuwait 3.444 1.853 1.881 -

United State Of America 2.062 2.608 1.886 1.531

Japan - - - 1.633

26 Ores, slag and ash 168.221 96.869 31.789 31.051 81.983


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10.2 Trade Partners in Exports1. United States2. Germany

3. United Kingdom

4. United Arab Emirates

5. Afghanistan

10.2.1 Trade with Export Partners

2008 2007 2006 2005

Export Partner Million $

United State Of America 3.654 3.853 4.343 3.979

United Arab Emirates 2.010 2.115 1.242 1.257

Afghanistan 1.448 0.838 0.991 1.065

United Kingdom 1.000 0.967 0.936 0.907

Germany 0.880 0.726 0.698 0.724

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Saudi Arabia China United Arab Emirates KuwaitUnited State Of America Japan

MillionUS$

Countries

Yearly Imports with countries

2008

2007

2006

2005


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0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

3.5

4

4.5

5

United State Of

America

United Arab

Emirates

Afghanistan United Kingdom Germany

MillionUS$

Countries

Yearly Exports with countries

2008

2007

2006

2005


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11. GDP and GDP per capital Analysis of Canada and Pakistan

GDP

The total value of goods and services produced in a year in particular time period (usually oneyear).

GDP=Goods + Services

GDP per Capita

An approximation of the value of goods produced per person in the country, equal to the

country's GDP divided by the total number of people in the country.

GDP per capita = GDP/Population

11.1 GDP and GDP per Capita of Canada and its Ranking

The following table shows the GDP and GDP per Capita of Canada and also its year wise

ranking

GDP and GDP per Capita and Ranking Of Canada

YearsGDP per capita

RankingGDP per

Capita(USD)GDP

RankingGDP (Million

US D)1960 3 2,262.86 6 40525.67

1961 4 2,200.46 7 40204.68

1962 6 2,224.07 7 41398.83

1963 6 2,322.30 8 44040.15

1964 6 2,494.57 8 48207.53

1965 5 2,701.73 8 53164.7

1966 5 2,969.11 7 59524.66

1967 4 3,129.23 7 63873.93

1968 4 3,363.93 7 69781.35

1969 4 3,652.81 7 76811.34

1970 4 3,991.35 7 85111.5

1971 4 4,440.32 8 96113.09

1972 6 4,977.61 8 109475.7

1973 9 5,685.99 8 127192.31974 11 6,819.32 7 155303.7

1975 12 7,250.15 7 168268.8

1976 10 8,506.97 7 200066.9

1977 14 8,610.64 7 204898.9

1978 19 8,802.73 7 211582.4

1979 19 9,696.79 7 235408.9

1980 21 10,786.62 7 265275.4


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1981 14 11,915.81 7 296703.7

1982 14 12,056.07 7 303837.2

1983 9 12,923.99 7 328993

1984 8 13,318.94 7 342323.4

1985 8 13,517.15 7 350662

1986 12 13,866.81 7 3633661987 16 15,642.84 7 415317.5

1988 11 18,240.12 7 490568

1989 11 19,989.12 7 547282.1

1990 14 20,661.07 7 574191.8

1991 16 20,902.09 7 588847

1992 17 19,996.47 8 570291.2

1993 16 19,237.36 7 554678.7

1994 19 19,093.77 8 555856

1995 19 19,816.10 10 581681.7

1996 23 20,368.00 10 604357.2

1997 22 20,929.03 9 627602.091998 21 20,064.51 9 606909.4

1999 20 21,351.89 8 651215.6

2000 16 23,219.54 8 714458.3

2001 17 22,683.65 8 705051

2002 21 23,095.23 8 724312.7

2003 21 27,021.22 9 854681.3

2004 19 30,534.13 10 976756.3

2005 18 34,484.35 9 1113810

2006 13 38,439.78 8 1251463

2007 43,356.00 1430000

2008 45,070.00 1501000

11.1.1 GDP and GDP per capita Analysis of Canada

Decades Average GDP Per Capita Average GDP (Millions)

1st (1960-69) $ 2,732.11 $ 53,753.28

2nd (1970-79) $ 6,878.19 $ 159,342.22

3rd (1980-89) $ 14,225.75 $ 370,432.83

4th (1990-99) $ 20,242.03 $ 591,563.07

5th (2000-2008) $ 31,989.32 $ 130,170.29


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GDP and GDP per Capita Analysis of Canada

In the 1st

decade (1960-69) the average GDP per Capita is USD 2732.11 where as average GDP

is USD 53,753.28 US million. In the next decade (1970-79) the average GDP per Capita is USD

6878.19 where as average GDP is $159,342.22 US million that was almost increased by 150%

from pervious decade. In 3rd decade (1980-89) the average GDP per Capita is $14225.75 where

as average GDP is $370432.70 US million that is almost double from previous decade. In the

fourth decade (1990-99) the average GDP per Capita is $20,242.03 where as average GDP is $591,563.07 US million that was almost 90% from previous year. From the averages above it

shows that there is rapid growth in the Canadian economy whereas the population of the country

almost stabled so the GDP per capita in those decades was increased.

In the last decade (2000-2008) the average GDP per Capita is $31989.32 where as average GDP

is $130,179.29 US million that show the decline in the GDP, it is due to financial crisis in the

World.

0

100000

200000

300000

400000

500000

600000

700000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6Avg.GDP&Avg.GDPperCapitaofPakis

tan

Relationship of Avg.GDP & Avg. GDP per Capita of Canada

Average

GDP pe

Capital

Average

GDP


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11.2 GDP and GDP per Capita of Pakistan and its RankingThe following table shows the GDP and GDP per Capita of Pakistan and also its year wise

ranking

GDP and GDP per Capita and Ranking Of Pakistan

YearsGDP per capita

RankingGDP per capital US

$GDP

RankingGDP(Million US $)

1960 91 81.00 30 3707.133

1961 91 86.00 29 4054.684

1962 95 87.00 29 4233.184

1963 94 91.00 30 4540.624

1964 93 100.00 29 5130.515

1965 96 112.00 29 5884.7112

1966 96 120.00 28 6466.611

1967 95 133.00 26 7403.822

1968 96 142.00 28 8090.088

1969 95 147.00 29 8632.927

1970 10 165.00 28 10027.09

1971 100 170.00 29 10602.06

1972 111 144.00 34 9309.109

1973 126 95.00 51 6324.884


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1974 123 127.00 50 8773.01

1975 122 160.00 45 11340

1976 117 182.00 42 13338.49

1977 120 200.00 41 15126.06

1978 118 229.00 41 17820.1

1979 120 245.00 45 19707.98

1980 129 286.00 44 23689.7

1981 125 330.00 42 28100.61

1982 121 351.00 39 30726

1983 125 319.00 40 28691.89

1984 123 338.00 38 31151.82

1985 126 329.00 39 31144.92

1986 130 328.00 39 31899.07

1987 139 334.00 44 33351.53

1988 135 375.00 42 38472.74

1989 131 382.00 43 40171.02

1990 152 371.00 45 40010.42

1991 145 410.00 40 45451.96


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1992 141 428.00 42 48635.24

1993 138 442.00 42 51478.36

1994 137 435.00 46 51894.8

1995 138 495.00 44 60636.07

1996 142 505.00 45 63320.17

1997 142 486.00 45 62433.34

1998 143 473.00 44 62191.96

1999 141 467.00 44 62973.85

2000 141 536.00 44 73320.82

2001 143 511.00 42 71498.69

2002 148 499.00 47 71479.36

2003 158 561.00 45 28343.22

2004 141 644.00 46 97994.78

2005 137 704.00 44 111298.9

2006 129 801.00 41 128830.2

2007 881.00 143203

2008 991.00 164539


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11.2.1 GDP and GDP per

Decades Av

1st (1960-69) $

2nd (1970-79) $

3rd (1980-89) $

4th (1990-99) $

5th (2000-2008) $

1st Decade (1960-69)

In late 1950s and early 1960s G

realization to focus on agricult

industrial and agriculture sector

in per capita income. The era ofinflow, slow down in the industr

of certain controls as foreign exc

apita Analysis of Pakistan

erage GDP Per Capita Average GP

109.90 $

171.70 $

337.20 $

451.20 $

680.89 $

overnment priorities shifted, i.e. pro-industrial

ure sector emerged. The result was rapid gr

nd consequently significant increase in GDP a

post war 1965 was features by marked decreasial growth and increase in defense expenditure

hange constraints.

27

(million)

5,814.43

12,236.88

31,739.93

54,902.62

98,945.33

bias diluted and

wth in both the

well as increase

in foreign loadsnd re-imposition


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2nd Decade (1970-79)

The decade 1970s was considered as the politically disturbed era, the consequent separation of

the Former East Pakistan. They were faced with the challenges of rehabilitation of war shattered

economy, high rate of inflation and stagnant agriculture and industrial sector.

3rd Decade (1980-89)

The period of 1980s was more focused towards denationalization and the role of public sector

was reduced. In context two agreements were made on Extended Fund Facility (EFF) with IMF

and Structural adjustment Loan (SAL) with World Bank. So the GDP of that decade was

reasonable.

4th Decade (1990-99)

In 1990 Pakistans GDP goes maximum to 7.57 and minimum of 1.70. The reason behind was,

there was the industrial sector of Pakistan has been faced with excess capacity, particularly due

to heavy investment in Thermal Power Projects, Oil and Gas, Cement, Sugar, Automobiles and

electronic durables.

5th Decade (2000-2008)

The Structural Reforms Program was started in 1990s and it continues in 2000s. And there is

inflow of huge foreign aid and grants and investment due to alliance in War against terrorism, so

due to that factors the GDP goes up to 8.96 in 2004-05 and minimum to 1.21.


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12. Conclusion and RecommendationIn this report, we see that the relationship between international trade and economic growth is

directly proportional to each other. Canada is more efficient in trading and exporting of goods to

the other country as compared to the Pakistan, so thats why the ranking of Canada is better as

compared to the Pakistan. Pakistan must have to increase their trade, when the trade is increasesthen the economic growth will also increase. When trading of Pakistan will increase then ranking

of Pakistan with respect to their GDP also increases.


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13. References

http://www.google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-

wdi&met=ny_gdp_mktp_cd&idim=country:CAN&dl=en&hl=en&q=gdp+of+canada (GDP)

http://www.journalofcommerce.com/article/id40864 (Article)

http://www.theodora.com/wfbcurrent/canada/canada_economy.html

http://www.bls.gov/bls/proghome.htm (Important)

http://www.nationmaster.com/red/country/ca-canada/eco-economy&all=1 (All Stats)

http://www.nationmaster.com/statistics/stats (Top 100 stat of canada)

http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/eco_gdp-economy-gdp&date=1968 (GDP)

http://statpak.gov.pk/depts/index.html (Important)

http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/l01/ind01/l3_1130_2880-eng.htm?hili_gblec05

http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/l01/cst01/gblec05-eng.htm (imports data)

http://www.suite101.com/content/top-pakistani-exports-imports-a30995

http://www.swiftoman.com/hscodelist.htm (Hs codes)

http://www.rauf.com/Facts_figures.html (Pakistan Trade partners)

http://www.google.com/publicdata?ds=wb-

wdi&met=sp_pop_totl&idim=country:PAK&dl=en&hl=en&q=population+of+pakistan+statistic

s (Population of Pakistan)

Statistics Canada, CANSIM, table (for fee) 228-0003

www.nationmaster.com (ranking of Pak and Canada)

www.internationaltradecenter.com

http://www.economywatch.com

fall1, m.muzzamil and tahir ibrahim, international trade, final project

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