Fall of Rome #48Fall of Rome #48

*Test and Notebook Check Tues. 10/17*Test and Notebook Check Tues. 10/17*Vocab Due 10/16*Vocab Due 10/16

Warm Up: Describe the daily Warm Up: Describe the daily activities in a Roman City.activities in a Roman City.

Friday, April 21, 2023Friday, April 21, 2023

Pax RomanaFrom 30 B.C. until A.D. 180 Rome enjoyed a period of peace and prosperity. This time period is referred to by historians as the Pax Romana, or Roman Peace.

This 200 year period of peace and stability allowed the Roman Empire to achieve new heights in technology, agriculture, science, and the arts. The Roman Empire was a very civilized place during this time, and life was generally comfortable, and good.

Decline and Fall of the Roman EmpireAfter 200 years of Pax Romana, Rome fell into a long slow period of decline. Instead of focusing on protecting their borders, Roman armies began fighting against one another. As a result, many outside invaders were able to enter Rome, and cause great destruction. These invaders included the Visigoths, the Huns, the Germans, the Persians, the Slavs, and the Avars.

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman EmpireReasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire

Economic Decay

Barbarian disruption of trade

No plunder

Drain of gold and silver (on luxuries and military)

Inflation caused by over coinage

Over farming of soil

Slavery and the loss of work ethic

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman EmpireReasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire

Political Decay

Indifference to politics and government

Inability to collect taxes

Military shenanigans (take over, assassination cycle)

No confidence

Tax collection

Taking over farmland

Reasons for the Decline of the Roman EmpireReasons for the Decline of the Roman Empire

Military Decay

Military pressure from a growing world

Split loyalty of Barbarian troops

Lack of patriotism of soldiers (fight for $)

Roman Decline. 180 – 476 C.E. (Highlights)Roman Decline. 180 – 476 C.E. (Highlights)Diocletian (284 –305)

Strong leader who temporarily stopped the decline.Split Empire in two – created two capitals

-western: Latin-speaking Rome-eastern: Greek-speaking (Byzantium)

Constantinople

Diocletian’s Palace

Constantine moves capital of Empire to Byzantium because:

1. Crossroads of trade2. Easy to defend3. Christian city4. Richer half of the Empire

Renamed the city Constantinople

Edict of Milan

Constantine did not actually become a Christian, although it is claimed that he was baptized on his deathbed.

He ended persecution of Christians in the empire with the Edict of Milan, which declared that the empire would be neutral regarding religion.

The Edict also restored confiscated property to churches and individual Christians.

Edict: A law issued by a monarch

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FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 476 CEEMPIRE 476 CE

Germanic InvasionsGermanic Invasions• Germanic tribes flee Huns, enter Roman lands, sack Germanic tribes flee Huns, enter Roman lands, sack

Rome A.D. 410 Rome A.D. 410 Attila the HunAttila the Hun• AttilaAttila—unites the Huns in A.D. 444; plunders 70 cities —unites the Huns in A.D. 444; plunders 70 cities

in Eastin East• Attacks Rome in 452; famine and disease prevents Attacks Rome in 452; famine and disease prevents

victory victory An Empire No MoreAn Empire No More• Last Roman emperor falls to Germans in 476; end of Last Roman emperor falls to Germans in 476; end of

Western Empire Western Empire • East thrives for another thousand years (Byzantine East thrives for another thousand years (Byzantine

Empire) Empire)

FALL OF THE WESTERN ROMAN EMPIRE 476 CE

EASTERN EMPIRE CONTINUES FOR ANOTHER 1000 YEARS

Who Would stop the Fall?

Group Save It Let It Go

Army

Government Leadership

Patrician in countryside

Average Roman Farmer

Romans of Foreign Origin

New Barbarian Immigrants

Romans in cities

Christians

LEGACY OF ROME

Conquest

Slavery

Brutality

Plunder

Military Skills•Professional soldiers

•Military Tactics

•Order and Organization

LawIndividual Rights

Due Process

Court System

Government

Republic

Citizenship

Pax Romana

Latin Language

ItalianFrenchSpanishPortuguese

Architecture

Concrete

Water management

Roads

Roman engineering roads

Romans paved thousands of miles of roads that helped the empire communicate and expand

the arch curved support structure can support more weight than the post and lintel

concrete a construction material consisting of gravel, sand,

water, and cement sturdy, lightweight, inexpensive

Roman engineering roads

Romans paved thousands of miles of roads that helped the empire communicate and expand

the arch curved support structure can support more weight than the post and lintel

concrete a construction material consisting of gravel, sand, water, and

cement sturdy, lightweight, inexpensive

aqueducts channels that carry water supplied Roman cities with large supplies of fresh

water allowing them to expand

The The ColosseumColosseum

The Pantheon