Department of Aerospace Engineering

The University of Kansas

1530 W 15th Street

2120 Learned Hall

Lawrence, KS 66045

Dr. ZJ Wang

EDITOR

Leslee Smithhisler

PRODUCTION

Fall 2013 KUAE News

Phone: 785-864-4267

Fax: 785-864-3597

FACULTY HONORS DR. JAN ROSKAM

Faculty members gathered to recognize Dr. Jan Roskams addition to the Aerospace Engineering Honor Roll

On April 1, 2013 faculty surprised Dr. Jan Roskam, Professor Emeritus with his selection to the De-partments Honor Roll. His selection is in recognition of his outstanding contribution to the Depart-ments Aircraft Design Excellence Dr. Roskam has been teaching The History of Aircraft Design in the Spring for the past few years. Dr. Roskam is the emeritus Ackers Distinguished Professor of Aerospace Engineering at the Univer-sity of Kansas. His university honors include the 2003 Chancellors Club Career Teaching Award and he is a five-time winner of Aerospace Engineering Educator of the Year selected by graduating sen-iors. In October 2007, Roskam received the prestigious AIAA Aircraft Design Award for Lifetime Achievement in airplane design, airplane design education, configuration design and flight dynamics education. The author of 15 textbooks, Roskam has had industrial experience with three major air-craft companies and has been actively involved in the design and development of more than 50 air-craft. He is a Fellow of AIAA and the Society of Automotive Engineers. Roskam received an M.S. in aeronautical engineering from the Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands, and a Ph.D. in aeronautics and astronautics from the University of Washington. His induction to the AE Honor Roll will occur at the Departments 70th Reunion on May 2-3, 2014.

In This Issue

Chairs Welcome P.1

New Buildings P.2

Awards P.3-6

Awards Banquet P.7

Dept News P.8

Faculty Profiles P.9-18

Flight Research P.19

Student News P.20-24

Alumni News P.25

Advisory Board P.26

Publications P.27-31

Symposium P. 32

Donors P.33

Events P.34

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ZJ Wang takes charge

New Digs

Mark Ewing steps down

AE faculty finally have a new kitchen and a sink

It is an honor and privilege to serve at one of the worlds top aircraft and engine design education pro-grams. In this newsletter, I am very excited to share with you some of the great things that are happen-ing at KU Aerospace Engineering (KUAE). I am happy to report that our students continued the legacy of winning national and international air-craft and engine design competitions in 2012 and 2013. For example, students with ties to KU swept the 2012 AIAA Individual Aircraft Design Competition, First, Second and Third Place. Teams of KU students also claimed first and third place awards in 2012 AIAA, ASME, International Gas Turbine Institute (IGTI) Undergraduate Team Engine Design Competition. In 2013, KUAE won the 2nd prize in AIAA' s Undergraduate Team Space Transport Design Competition, and another KUAE team will

finish in the top 3 in the AIAA, ASME, IGTI Undergraduate Engine Design Competition. I am delighted to report that KUAE is growing rapidly on many fronts, including the number of students, faculty and staff, as well as in research and teaching space, thanks to the State of Kansas University Engineering Expansion Act of 2011. In the Fall of 2012, our freshman class numbered 79, which is the highest in the last fifteen years. In addition, Dr. Dongkyu Choi joined KUAE in January of 2012 as Assistant Professor, and I became the first external Chair in August 2012. In the Fall of 2013, we welcome another new faculty member, Dr. Haiyang Chao, as Assistant Professor, bringing the total num-ber of faculty to 11, an historic high. We also added a staff member, Ms. Leslee Smithhisler, as Administrative Associate, in the Fall of 2012, and we just added another staff member, Mr. George Blake, in the avionics area to assist in the research and teaching missions. Furthermore, we are in the process of hiring another faculty member in the Fall of 2014, growing our faculty by an unprecedented 50% within a three-year span. In 2012, a research building named M2SEC was dedicated. KUAE is prominently featured in that building, which includes the new research facilities for composite materials and structures, structural acoustics, and cognition and robotics including an electromagnetic anechoic chamber. In 2015, a new research and teaching building (LEEP2) will be dedicated, essentially doubling available teaching space. KUAE will have its new design lab in LEEP2 with nearly twice as many seats. A new Instrumentation Lab and Mechanics of Materials Lab will replace small and less education-friendly spaces in Learned Hall. Our faculty members continue to do outstanding research and make an impact in a wide spectrum of areas in aerospace engineering, including unmanned aerial systems (UAS) for remote sensing of ice-sheets, high-order methods in computa-tional fluid dynamics, vortex dynamics and flow control, composite and adaptive structures, bio-fuels, robotics and cogni-tive control, structural acoustics and precision orbit determination. Our faculty members received major research grants from several federal agencies. With the support of the National Science Foundation and NASA, Dr. Richard Hale is lead-ing a team of researchers to develop enhanced radar capable of capturing higher-resolution images of polar ice sheets, in a more thorough and efficient manner. Also, with support from DARPA, Dr. Dongkyu Choi is leading an international team to undertake the Virtual Robotics Challenge in a competition to design a humanoid robot capable of performing a broad range of human tasks in an emergency situation. Several other grants from NASA, the Air Force Office of Scientific Re-search, and the Office of Naval Research enable our faculty to tackle a variety of challenges in computational fluid dynam-ics, weather modeling and multichannel sense-and-avoid radar for small UASs. In addition to the excellence in research, our faculty members are dedicated to ensuring that our students receive the very best education in the classroom, in the laboratories, and in providing opportunities for our students to engage in many hands-on activities associated with state-of-the-art research projects. Finally, I want to express our heart-felt appreciation to our alumni and friends for your strong support of KUAE and our endeavors. We welcome you back to campus and hope to see you soon. With very best wishes for the coming year. Rock Chalk!

Z.J. Wang Spahr Professor and Chair of Aerospace Engineering

Page 2

MESSAGE FROM THE CHAIR

Page 1

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING EXPANDS WITH TWO NEW BUILDINGS

M2SEC The Measurement, Materials and Sustainable Environment Center is the School of Engineering's newest addition. Dedi-

cated in fall 2012, this 47,000 net square-foot building provides a unique opportunity for several engineering and cam-

puswide research groups to work together on projects and to develop commercial applications based on project results.

The $24 million research building is funded through a $12.3 million award from the Department of Commerces National Institute of Standards and Technology Construction Grant Program with matching funds from The School of Engineering,

KU and donations through KU Endowment.

Among the key features of the new building is a large, anechoic chamber, big enough for testing small aircraft

and radar antennas designed for KUs Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS), there is also a frac-ture and fatigue lab with a large strong wall suitable for testing aircraft structures.

The roof and walls of the facility also are designed as discovery areas. A greenhouse on the rooftop will be used to grow

algae for possible conversion to biofuels and a series of wind turbines will be set up to test how their configuration affects

the efficiency of the blades. More than 60 interchangeable panels are in place on the sides of the building that are de-

signed to test the effectiveness of different materials to heat and cool the building.

The Composite Materials Laboratory is used to and construct aircraft structure and radar enclosures for airborne envi-

ronmental remote sensing. The primary funded research supports ground-penetrating radar systems that can assist CReSIS

researchers in the quest to create accurate 3-D maps of ice sheets all the way to the bedrock.

The lab features a 7x7x20 composites oven that can be used to cure materials ranging from small coupons to entire air-frame structures or vehicle components. Past projects include small and large unmanned aircraft, radar arrays and fairings,

wind turbine blades, telescopes and fuel containment devices. The lab also includes refrigerated storage space for pre-

impregnated materials that have yet to be cured.

LEEP2 The Learned Engineering Expansion Phase 2 project will consist largely of classrooms and student support space with

additional student laboratory and project design areas. This roughly 101,000-square-foot facility will accommodate

growth in the student body while also addressing the hands-on project experience essential to educate and retain KUs

highly successful student body.

Site Plan

Page 4 Page 3

Aerospace Engineering Graduates Win Multiple Honors in Competitions

Aerospace engineering students from the University of Kansas School of Engineering continue a long tradition of Jay-

hawk success in international design competitions.

In late August, students with ties to KU swept the 2012

Individual Aircraft Design Competition of the American

Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics. Teams of KU

students also claimed first and third place in the AIAA,

ASME, International Gas Turbine Institute (IGTI) Un-

dergraduate Engine Design Competition.

The high marks for these students extend KUs mark of excellence in AIAA aircraft design competitions. KU has

earned more first and second place awards than any

other academic institution in the world in the 44-year

history of the competition.

KU continues to be a global leader in terms of hands-on design experience for aerospace students. These awards

from AIAA are a validation of that reputation, said Z.J. Wang, Spahr Professor of Aerospace Engineering and

chair of the department.

First place in Individual Aircraft Design went to 2012 KU aerospace engineering graduate Samantha Schueler, of

Lawrence. Jorrit Vervoordeldonk, an exchange student jointly advised at KU and Delft Technical University in the

Netherlands, took second place, and KUs Alexander Lopez, Overland Park, won third place.

In the 2012 AIAA, ASME, International Gas Turbine In-

stitute (IGTI) Undergraduate Engine Design Competition,

Matthew Williams, Kansas City, Kan.; Aditya Ghate, In-

dia; Daniel Prather, Houston, and William VanSkike,

Omaha, Neb. on a team known as Jayhawk-Jet 120 won first place. The team known as J2SER, composed of

Justin Howard, Hays; JinSeong Kim, South Korea; Sarah

Elizabeth McCandless, Fairway, and Ryan Schirmer,

Berryton, earned third place. All are 2012 KU aerospace

engineering graduates. Second place went to a team from

Istanbul Technical University.

The Individual Aircraft Design Competition challenged

students design an aircraft capable of surpassing the fast-

est times ever posted by air racers in the Reno, Nev., Na-

tional Championship Air Races, where many of the air-

craft are typically from the World War II era. Schuelers winning entry placed a highest priority on safety while utilizing a somewhat radical design.

My whole configuration was a big risk. The wing design was a W wing, which you dont see very often. It helps to decrease the weight for the landing gear and can make it easier to prevent the aircraft from stalling, Schueler said. I also used a tri-engine configuration. I had the weight to play around with (competition guidelines required the aircraft

to weigh at least 4,500 pounds), so I really wanted to implement a design to improve the aircrafts power and speed. Schuelers first-place finish earned her a $500 prize and the opportunity to present her design at the AIAA Aviation

AWARDS AND RECOGNITIONS

Technology, Integration, and Operations Conference, Sept. 17-19, in Indianapolis.

Students involved in the undergraduate engine design competition were tasked to draw up plans for an engine capable

of being used in an unmanned, half-scale military fighter jet (F-35/Joint Strike Fighter) for use within the next 20

years.

The judges said they appreciated that we met all the guidelines, but also had some selling points that exceeded the other competitors designs, Williams said. Our design had about 10 percent fuel savings and utilized some advanced technology that should be readily available within the next decade. Those two points differentiated our design and put

us over the top.

Williams and Schueler agree that KUs aerospace engineering curriculum and faculty are key to the tradition of suc-cess in design competitions. Professor Saeed Farokhi served as adviser for the engine design teams, and Associate Pro-

fessor Ron Barrett-Gonzalez was adviser for the students taking part in the Individual Aircraft Design Competition.

The faculty do a great job of building a foundation and providing support, Schueler said. They offer suggestions to get students thinking out of the box, get students to be creative, apply their knowledge and really come up with some

solid designs.

(https://engr.ku.edu/)

Breaking News: KUAE wins the First Prize in AIAA's 20122013 Graduate Team Aircraft Design Competition Congratulations to Amir Bachelani, Julian Bettoni, Stuart Hunsinger, Kirill Nadtochiy, Graham Ray, Trevor

Schlieper, Samantha Schueler and Davis Woodward, and faculty advisor Dr. Ron Barrett.

Faculty Awards

Ron Barrett was the Coach and Instructor for First, Second and Third Place Winning Competitors in the American

Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2012 International Undergraduate Aircraft Design Competition.

Mark Ewing was named a the Bellows Scholar recognizing overall achievements in teaching, research, and service

by the School of Engineering. Bellows Scholars receive a cash award for their commitment to students and programs

at the University.

Saeed Farokhi was selected by a faculty committee to received the 2012 John E. and Winifred E. Sharp Professor-

ship. This award lasts for three years and includes an annual personal award of $5,000 for instructional development.

Dr. Farokhi is known for keeping students energized, engaged, and excited to learn and explore the complex subject of

aerospace engineering. He is an expert in aircraft propulsion and his textbook on this subject is used worldwide. The

lessons in the book provide a foundation that has helped KU students win 15 international engine design competitions.

Dr. Farokhi was also awarded the Miller Scholarship Award that recognizes outstanding overall achievements during

the past year.

Richard Hale received the Miller Scholarship Award that recognizes outstanding overall achievements during the

past year. Dr. Hale is the Associate Director for technology with the Center of Remote Sensing of Ice sheets, and NSF

Science & Technology Center. He performed research in the airborne environmental sensing using manned and un-

manned aircraft.

Shawn Keshmiri was selected by the KU Engineering students as the 2013 Gould Award winner for the Outstanding

Undergraduate Educator of the KU School of Engineering, for his lasting impact on the students he teaches and for

showcasing astounding dedication as a mentor and educator. He was also an honoree, KU Center for Teaching Excel-

lence, selected by KU Aerospace Engineering graduate students, 2013.

Dr. Ron Barrett, Samantha Schueler, and Dr. ZJ Wang

Dr. Saeed Farokhi, Jingseong Kim, and Dr. ZJ Wang

The Request for Proposal (RFP) issued by AIAA and IGTI for 2012-2013 engine design competition called for:

An Improved Engine for a High Altitude Long

Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle

In this competition, four seniors from KU-Aerospace and Engineering Physics participated..

The team members were:

Adam D Silva (Team Leader) - AE

Shina Gupta - AE

Kanin Homsrivaranon - AE

Abhishek Chakrabarti - EPhsx-AE

The top three teams were selected by the judges for the team

presentation portion of the competition. The KU team was

among the top three teams that were invited to the IGTI

Turbo Expo Conference in San Antonio, Texas in June for

presentation. All four team members and their faculty

advisor (Saeed Farokhi) attended the conference. The KU

Team made an excellent presentation. The final result will be

announced by AIAA/IGTI in October 2013.

Page 5 Page 6

KUAE WINS 2ND PLACE IN AIAA FOUNDATION UNDERGRADUATE TEAM SPACE TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM COMPETITION

The 2012-2013 AIAA Foundation competition called for a transportation system to deliver a 10,000-20,000 lb pay-

load to the International Space Station with a reuseable launch vehicle and to propose how this system might be

economically viable.

The KU team, ultimately called the JayHoppers included AE seniors Jordan Ashley, Samona Estwick, Chris Melvin and Phi Nguyen as well as Engineering

Physics seniors in the Aerospace design track, Hanna Cosgrove, Ben Hofmeier

(team lead), Alex Polsley and Matt Vestal. The reason they called themselves

the JayHoppers was that they chose a vertical take-off/vertical landing launch

vehiclepossibly influenced by teleconferences with KUAE grads at SpaceX,

Marco Villa (former SpaceX Director of Operations), DE 08, Michael Al-tenhofen, BS 09, Steve Mance, BS 10 and Daniel Zehr, BS 10. [SpaceX has demonstrated the vertical takeoff/landing technology.]

Perhaps the most unique aspect of their design is the basing: launching from

Kodiac, Alaska and first stage recovery also on US soil, on a remote island near

Juneau, Alaska. This concept reduces risk since there is no overflight of inhab-

ited areas during either the ascent or descent phase. And, geography just hap-

pened to be favorable: the first stage, which doesnt attain orbit, just happens to return to earth in time to land in the U.S. Many combinations of airbreathing

engines and both liquid- and solid-fuel rockets were considered quite thor-

oughly, with the final design relying only a little on non-reuseable solid rockets.

The team will receive a $750 cash prize to be divided among the team members.

The team was mentored by AE 523, Spacecraft Design instructor, professor

Mark Ewing.

JOINT AIAA/IGTI UNDERGRADUATE TEAM ENGINE DESIGN COMPETITION 2012-2013

DASH-10k Engine Designed by the KU-AE Seniors

KUDesigned Engine on Global Hawk

Several Members of the winning team, the advisor and AE Chair.

From left to right: Z.J. Wang, Alex Polsley, Jordan Ashley, Samona Estwick, Chris Melvin and Mark Kanin Homsrivaranon, Adam DSilva, Shina Gupta, Dr. Saeed Farokhi, and Abhishek Chakrabarti at the 2013 IGTI Turbo Exp Conference where the Team Engine Design

Competition in San Antonio was held.

The Jayhopper at launch

19TH ANNUAL AWARDS BANQUET

Aerospace faculty, staff, students, and advisory board members joined together on April 26th, 2013 to celebrate

achievements through the year and to welcome new faces that joined the department. Emeritus faculty members also

joined the eventful night as well as University faculty and staff. Former department chair, Dr. Mark Ewing, started off

the night by welcoming the new chair, Dr. ZJ Wang. Dr. Wang spoke about the latest department news and announced

this years award winners.

Outstanding GTA: Alan Wei

Outstanding Junior: Daniel Kennedy

Outstanding Senior: Amir Bachelani

Vince Muirhead Award for Leadership: Dhaval-Mysore Krishna

Outstanding Undergraduate Researcher: Emily Thompson

Dr. Saeed Farokhi was awarded the Outstanding Aerospace Educator Award by the senior class.

John Hunter was recognized by the staff and received a $1000 cash reward for his hard work and dedication to the de-

partment. He has been the day to day foreman for the Composite Structures Lab and mentor to flocks of AE students

learning the intricacies of building laminated composite structures. He has taken multiple trips to NASA Dryden and

NASA Wallops supporting installation of antenna suites and aerodynamic fairings designed and fabricated for NASAs Operation Ice Bridge.

Dr. Farokhi and seniors at the Annual Awards Banquet

Page 8 Page 7

FACULTY AND STAFF NEWS

Haiyang Chao Joins AE Faculty

Haiyang Chao received a B.S. degree in Electrical Engineering in 2001, M.S. degree in Electrical

Engineering in 2005, both from Zhejiang University, and his Ph.D. degree in Electrical & Computer

Engineering from Utah State University in 2010.

Dr. Haiyang Chao's major research interests are in the areas of estimation, control, and dynamics of

unmanned vehicles with an emphasis on unmanned aerial vehicles. He has authored or coauthored

one book, two book chapters, and more than thirty peer-reviewed research papers. He is one of the

key developers of AggieAir, a low-cost small UAV platform for remote sensing applications that won 1st place in

the 2009 AUVSI Student UAS competition. His recent research focuses on vision-aided navigation, wind/gust esti-

mation, cooperative control, remote sensing, and flight avionics development.

New Staff Members

Leslee Smithhisler joined the department in October as the new Administrative Associate. She

graduated from the University of Kansas in May 2012 with a Bachelor's degree in Communications

Studies. She is responsible for the everyday office activities, assisting the chair and other faculty,

supporting undergraduate and graduate students, and maintaining the department website, social

network, and the department newsletter

George Blake joined the department in August as the new Avionics Technician.

George has over 35 years of experience in the commercial, industrial, government and military

aerospace and defense business sectors. He has two Patent applications pending, authored one fic-

tional novel and has previously been Instructor / Lecturer at the annual International Telemetry

Conference here in the USA. He will be assisting in development of Avionic subsystems at the Gar-

rison Flight Research Center at the Lawrence Center and also in deployments for CReSIS projects

to Antarctica and Greenland at the Garrison Flight Research Center.

Promotion

Craig McLaughlin was promoted to associate professor with tenure effective August 18th, 2013. Dr.

McLaughlin joined the department in 2007 as an assistant professor. Before joining KUAE he was an

assistant professor of space studies and adjunct assistant professor of electrical engineering at the Uni-

versity of North Dakota. He received his BS in Aeronautical Engineering from Wichita State Univer-

sity in 1992, MS in Aerospace Engineering Sciences from University of Colorado Boulder in 1994,

and PhD in Aerospace Engineering Sciences from University of Colorado Boulder in 1998.

Alan Wei and Dr. Wang Darwin May and Dr. Wang Amir Bachelani and Dr.

Wang

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: HAIYANG CHAO

Dr. Chaos research interests lie in general in the intersection of estimation, control, and dynam-ics of aerospace vehicles with a focus on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). His long term goals

are to develop novel algorithms or new systems to increase the autonomy, safety, and reliability

of manned and unmanned aircraft system. More specifically, Dr. Chaos research has been fo-cused on research problems such as vision-aided guidance, navigation, and control; cooperative

sensing and control using multiple aerospace vehicles; and small/micro UAV system design.

Cooperative sensing and control concerned controlling the states (e.g., position, velocity, or in-

puts) of each individual vehicle so that the team performance can be enhanced. The Cooperative

strategy has been widely used by birds, fish and beasts. It is well known that migratory birds fly in formation to boost

flight efficiency and range. Moreover, hawks form "kettles" for thermal searching and riding during migration

through efficient information sharing, leaving the kettle after gaining altitude to search for the next thermal while oth-

ers join below. Recently, the large employment of manned/unmanned aerospace vehicles pose new opportunities and

challenges to control scientists and engineers due to the extended sensing range as well as the increased problem com-

plexity. Dr. Chao is currently working on a project funded by NASA entitled gusts sensing and suppression control with aircraft formation flight shown in Figure 1. The objective of this project is to suppress the gust response of the trailing aircraft using the wind information measured by the leading aircraft. Other potential applications of coopera-

tive control include cooperative thermal wind sensing using small UAVs for endurance extension, cooperative chemi-

cal leak monitoring using UAVs, etc.

Another focus of Dr. Chaos research is to increase aircraft intelligence by introducing vision information to the tradi-tional guidance and navigation problem. Currently, most UAVs rely on GPS/Inertial Navigation System (INS) for

navigation. However, such solutions cannot work in GPS-degraded or GPS-denied environments including planetary

exploration, canyons/mountain terrain navigation, bridge inspection, or indoor navigation. Optical-flow-aided inetial

navigation has great potential for this problem, motivated by birds and insects such as honeybees. Optical flow is the

projection of the three-dimensional motion to the two-dimensional image plane, which can also be viewed as instanta-

neous image velocities. Dr. Chao plans to develop a Wide-field Optical-flow/Laser range Finder/Inertial Navigation

System, which integrates vision, inertial and range information together to get the system states required for naviga-

tion as well as terrain shape information. Other application scenar-

ios include fault detection and identification (FDI) of GPS failure,

real-time obstacle avoidance for UAVs, and hovering control of

VTOL UAVs. Moreover, the aerial images collected by UAVs can

be further georeferenced and used for feature based navigation

such as vision-based autonomous landing.

Research in Dr. Chois Cognitive Control Systems Laboratory revolves around an intelligent cogni-tive architecture called ICARUS. As a co-developer of the system, he continues to work on the ar-

chitectural development as an important research direction for him and maintains his connections to

the cognitive science community. At the same time, however, Dr. Choi also makes significant ef-

forts to use the architecture as an infrastructure for intelligent decision-making in a variety of do-

mains including some aerospace-related platforms as shown below. He has plans to expand to addi-

tional domains like Mars rovers in the near future.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Dr. Chois group has acquired two off-the-shelf quadcopter systems from 3DRobotics (pictured) and developed a software suite to control the aircraft over xBee wireless. This software is based on an open-source platform called Arduino. This platform will enable

server-based ICARUS system to receive sensory data and send control signals over wireless. Once the group completes a series of

tests to confirm that the aircrafts basic controls are stabilized, more sophisticated sensors like laser range finders will be added. Stu-dents in his group are also developing a tiltrotor platform, which they will integrate with a similar control system.

Humanoid Robots

Dr. Choi has purchased three humanoid robots from one of his recent grants. The robots two NAOs from Aldebaran Robotics (pictured) and a DARwin-OP from ROBOTIS will be used as platform for research in human-robot interac-tion, as well as intelligent robot control. These robots provide an excellent development environment with the manufac-

turer-provided Software Development Kits. As a starting point, Dr. Chois group will link these robots to a server equipped with the ICARUS architecture for high-level decision-making. The group will then develop ways to integrate

the control architecture onboard these robots for a fully autonomous robotic platform.

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: DONGKYU CHOI

Figure 1. Formation Flight of two UAVs

Figure 2. Optical flow collected by UAV flight

Page 9 Page 10

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: MARK EWING

My research focus for over 30 years has been

the vibration response of structures to both

mechanical and acoustic excitation. In par-

ticular, I am drawn to the nexus of analysis

predictions and real-world measurements. As

such, I have measured vibration response

with laser holography, laser vibrometry, ac-

celerometers and strain gages as well as pie-

zoceramic and piezopolymer sensors. My

analytical studies have ranged from funda-

mental beam and plate theory to finite element modeling. Past

research has included the analytical and experimental validation

of the response of a tactical missile to airflow dynamics, the

blast response of a fuselage and the response of a commuter

aircraft fuselage to propeller as well as turbulent boundary

noise on passenger aircraft in general.

My current focus is the structural acoustics of aircraft

fuselages and in particular, the role of structural damping

treatments on the noise transmitted to the passenger

cabin. The figures at left show the vibrational energy

(velocity squared) for thin, aluminum panelstypical of

aircraft in service being excited by a mechanical force.

The left-most panel has less damping than the other, and

according to theory, has many more high energy, noise

radiating response features. Using these scanning

laser vibrometer measurements I have used multiple

damping estimation techniques common in practice. The

most significant finding has been a solid understanding

of the strengths and limitations of competing damping

estimation methods. Comparing traditional damping

estimation techniques, I have found that some industry

standard techniques are actually systematically poor esti-

mators and a less-used technique, the Random Decrement Technique, is much more robust. I am now investigating

panels excited by external pressure fluctuations, such as due to turbulent boundary noise or propeller noise. This re-

search will be conducted in a new transmission loss reverberation lab in the new M2SEC building. [See story on page

2]. I enjoy research probably because I have been assisted by some very talented graduate students, most recently

Wanbo Liu, PhD 08 and Himanshu Dande, PhD 12.

Another interest of late

As a member of the Flight Research Lab supporting the flight activities of the NSF Center for Remote Sensing of Ice

Sheets (CReSIS), I somehow found myself leading the avionics development for several Unmanned Aerial Systems

(UASs). With only my two Electrical Engineering courses as an undergraduate at the Air Force Academy, Ive

learned a lot and continue to learn about power distribution, communication systems and on-board health monitoring

from AE Electronics Technician Wes Ellison. In 2011, I had the good fortune to lead a flight test team to Antarctica.

I would like to highlight the ongoing research projects of my 3 PhD students: Leslie Smith, Amool

Raina and Dhaval Mysore Krishna.

Leslie Smith (PhD)

Leslie is a Self Graduate Fellow and is actively pursuing high-speed mixing research, with applica-

tions to scramjet combustors. To perform fundamental flow physics research, Leslie has designed

new test section modules in connection to our supersonic wind tunnel. The fabricated

sections are show below.

The shear layer that is created at the backward facing step will be excited by a phased-pulsed injector that is inte-

grated into the step. Leslie has designed a versatile injector that modulates the injection frequency as well as spatial

impingement location on the mixing layer (injector face plate is shown). The nominal convective Mach number will

be 0.5, which lies at the boundary of 2-D and 3-D dominated instability waves.

Amool Raina (PhD)

Amools research centers on advanced flow management concepts in transonic fans. His work is inspired by the aspirated fan concept proposed/developed by Professor Kerrebrock at

MITs Gas Turbine Laboratory. The main concept is in radial flow management through Boundary Layer-Fence, Porous Cavity coupled with profile reshaping that mitigates radial

flow in the boundary layer and create favorable local redistribution of pressure gradient for

shock-boundary layer interaction. NASA Rotor 67 (an advanced transonic fan) is used as the

baseline for implementation/evaluation of the above concepts. CFD tools will be used to

simulate and study these concepts. A representative mesh for Rotor 67 generated using TC-

Grid code is show in Fig 1.

Dhaval Mysore Krishna (PhD)

Dhaval has just started his dissertation research in the area of compressor stall simulation

and in particular on the role of inlet turbulence on compressor instability. A one dimen-

sional model to simulate the nonlinear dynamic behavior of a gas turbine has been devel-

oped by Schobeiri at TAMU. Even though this model simulates the unsteady behavior of

the mean flow in one dimension, it fails to account for the effect of engine distortion and

turbulence scale. Greitzer at MIT has developed a non-linear model that predicts the onset

of surge based on a non-dimensional parameter, due to perturbation from steady operating

condition. This model also lacks the capability to account for the 3-D distortion pattern at

the compressor face. Thus, the objective of Dhavals research is to simulate the interaction between the mean vertical flow in the distortion pattern and the turbulence characterized by

the dynamic distortion.

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: SAEED FAROKHI

Fig. 1 Supersonic mixing research test section modules

Fig. 1 3-D mesh Rotor 67

Page 11 Page 12

Beech 1900D with flush-mounted

microphones (round, white features)

Vibrational energy in a lightly-damped (left) and highly-

damped panel (from laser vibrometry)

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: RICHARD D. HALE

Dr. Richard Hales research interests include the application of composite design, analysis, fabrication and field testing in support of interdisciplinary research addressing aerospace applications, transporta-

tion, energy and environmental remote sensing. His predominant research involves the development

of sensors and platforms for manned and unmanned cryospheric remote sensing, in support of the NSF

Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS) and NASAs Operation Ice Bridge (OIB). CReSIS is a Science and Technology Center established by the NSF in 2005, with the mission of developing

new technologies and computer models to measure and predict the response of sea level change to the

mass balance of ice sheets in Polar Regions. For scientists worldwide, CReSIS is a primary source of

data on polar ice sheet thickness and other properties. The development of sensors and platforms for

manned and unmanned cryospheric remote sensing enhances KUs role at the forefront of global climate change re-search.

Unmanned Platforms. Dr. Hale and CReSIS collaborators have developed a new unmanned aircraft system (UAS)

called Meridian that is designed to enable extensive remote sensing surveys over isolated areas of Greenland and Ant-

arctica. With a primary scientific payload of an ice-penetrating radar, the Meridian UAS will enable fine-scale mapping

of ice thickness, internal layers, bed topography, and basal conditions. Meridian is particularly well-suited for survey

areas that require long transit flights, close survey line spacing, and operation at low altitudes. The Meridian weighs

1,100 lbs, has a 26-foot wingspan, and a range of 950nm at the full 120 lbs payload capacity. Although the vehicle has

been designed to optimize ice penetrating radar performance, additional payloads and sensors have also driven design to

ensure ready adaptation to multi-mission science driven payloads.

Manned Platforms. In support of the NASA Operation ICEbridge campaign, Dr. Hale and CReSIS collaborators

equipped the NASA Dryden DC8 and the NASA Wallops P3 with extensive radar arrays comprising accumulation,

snow, KU-band, and multi-channel coherent radar depth sounder (Mcords) antennas. Each of these installations in-

volved high-fidelity, physics-based, interdisciplinary simulations for geometry, aerodynamic loads, aircraft perform-

ance, static and dynamic structural response, and radar performance. To date, these aircraft and these instruments have

flown more than 48 science flights, totaling more than 440 hours in Greenland and Antarctica, amassing in excess of

150,000 flight nm and enabling collection of over 235TB of unique data for ice bed topography and internal layering.

Planned Missions. The above systems have planned annual deployments from 2013-2015, generating unique data sets

required to understand and model rapidly changing outlet glaciers, and to determine the physics governing the motion of

glacial ice, and the effect of this motion on global sea-level. Additional sensor-platform development and integration

studies are underway for biomass monitoring in rainforests, sub-glacial hydrology, sea-ice and other airborne environ-

mental remote sensing campaigns. In each case, composite materials and manufacturing are an enabling technology to

the development.

Acknowledgments. This work was completed with funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF) under grant

ANT-0424589 and from the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under grant NNX10AT68G.

For more information, particularly on the relevance of the science mission, see:

NSF Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS): https://www.cresis.ku.edu/

NASA Operation Ice Bridge (OIB): http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/icebridge/index.html

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: SHAWN KESHMIRI

P3 Radar Integration Operation Ice Bridge: The Meridian UAS on takeoff in flight tests at Pegasus ice runway, McMurdo,

Page 13 Page 14

Dr. Keshmiris research interests include nonlinear parameter and system identification; nonlinear, robust, and adaptive control; flight test; and autopilot development. His current research focus is on

unmanned aircraft systems (UAS).

Dr. Keshmiri and his team successfully de-

signed and implemented real-time adaptive

artificial neural networks which capture and

characterize an aircrafts nonlinear and un-steady aerodynamic and propulsive forces fed by the aircraft

measured variables. To avoid any cross coupling, they also

unified the guidance and control loops into a single loop.

Integration of a unified loop allows computation of a single

solution for both guidance and robust nonlinear model pre-

dictive control (MPC). As a result, a guidance and control

solution is achieved for an extended flight envelope over a

broader range of operation, independent of a trim condition

or linear gain scheduling interpolation between several trim

conditions. For the first time in the open literature, robust-

ness capability is integrated in the nonlinear model predic-

tive control (NMPC). This is done through the development of

a mixed sensitivity approach to shape determinant closed loop

sensitivity functions. This novel configuration is achieved by a successful numerical enhancement of low frequency

tracking capability and disturbance attenuation and high frequency measurement noise and model uncertainty rejec-

tion. Without robustness, wind and other external disturbances have

significant effect on the aircraft performance and cause a large depar-

ture from the desired trajectory.

Unsteady and random environmental disturbances such as gust and

wind shear induce changes in the velocity field surrounding an aircraft.

Due to turbulent encounters, the aerodynamic model of unmanned ae-

rial systems (UAS) becomes highly nonlinear and unsteady which

makes conventional methods of parameter identification inadequate.

Using a model identification method called Fuzzy Logic Modeling

(FLM) the Wing-Rock motion was identified during manual-control of

a large UAS (for the first time in open literature).

Dr. Keshmiri and his

team are also devel-

oping an in-house

autopilot and control sys-

tem for research pertain-

ing to controls, estimation, guidance, sensors, etc. The KU AFS

has flown in prototype form for data gathering since 2010. The

model based design concept of the KU AFS allows Simulink

model to be automatically converted to code and run on the target

hardware without detailed knowledge of low level code.

Resilient to Wind and External Disturbances

Wing-Rock Phenomena in the Presence of

Cross-wind

KU Automatic Flight System (KU AFS)

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: CRAIG MCLAUGHLIN

Dr. Craig McLaughlins research interests include orbital mechanics, orbit determination, aeronomy, and estimation with particular focus on space surveillance issues. His current research focuses on

satellite drag, including variations in upper atmospheric density and modeling satellite drag coeffi-

cients. The long term research objectives in this area include better understanding the density fluctua-

tions in the supper atmosphere and improving orbit estimation and prediction for low Earth orbit

(LEO) satellites.

Dr. McLaughlins past experience includes positions at the Space Vehicles Directorate of the Air Force Research Laboratory and the Space Studies Department at the University of North Dakota. He

joined the faculty in the Department of Aerospace Engineering at the University of Kansas in 2007.

His past research has included space surveillance and orbit prediction, spacecraft formation flying in Earth orbit and

near Earth/Moon libration points, spacecraft dynamics implications for satellite remote sensing, and satellite oceanogra-

phy.

Uncertainties in satellite drag are the largest source of uncertainties in orbit determination and prediction for low Earth

orbit (LEO) satellites and resident space objects. This is a major problem for the Space Surveillance Network tasked

with maintaining a catalog of objects over 10 cm in size, which currently includes about 22,000 objects. Most of these

objects are in LEO and are affected by errors in satellite drag. Improving satellite drag modeling is a critical need for

space surveillance. The importance of this problem was emphasized by the 2009 collision of an operational Iridium

commercial communications satellite with a dead Russian communications satellite. This collision showed the difficulty

of tracking all the objects in LEO and the resulting debris from the collision resulted in roughly 1000 new trackable ob-

jects.

Dr. McLaughlins current research focuses on two key areas of improving satellite drag modeling: (1) improving atmos-pheric density measurements using precision orbit data from GPS and satellite laser ranging and (2) improving models

of satellite drag coefficients using Direct Simulation Monte Carlo techniques. Dr. McLaughlins research team has pio-neered the use of precision orbit data to estimate density.

Atmospheric neutral densities along the CHAMP, GRACE,

and TerraSAR-X satellite orbits on September 26-27, 2007.

Currently used empirical models (Jacchia 1971 and

NRLMSISE-00) both overestimate density for this time period

at all altitudes. Precision orbit derived densities (POE) better

match accelerometer derived densities for CHAMP and

GRACE providing increased confidence in the precision orbit

derived atmospheric densities for TerraSAR-X, which has no

accelerometer.

Detailed CHAMP geometry model used for Direct Simulation

Monte Carlo analysis to model drag coefficient for complex geo-

metrical satellites.

Professor Ray Taghavis research interests are in the areas of aerospace propulsion systems, bio-jet fuels, aircraft engine emissions, inlet icing, supersonic and hypersonic mixing enhancement tech-

niques, supersonic jet noise, and shear layer stability and control. The effects of nozzle exit geome-

try and boundary layer swirl on mixing enhancement of rectangular jets is shown In the following

figures:

The flapping oscillation mode (f 15 kHz, St 0.754) of jet at the center plane represented by axial velocity maps for the plane rectangular nozzle with boundary layer swirl are shown below. Phase difference from frame to frame is 90o.

The figure represents one full cycle of flapping oscillation mode as viewed from nozzles small dimension.

The specific objectives of the bio-jet fuel research team are to: 1) Develop a testing facility capable of conducting

ASTM tests to monitor fuel quality and characterize feedstock and fuel properties; 2) Enhance our jet engine testing

capabilities to study bio-jet fuels which are capable of replacing petroleum-based jet fuels and determine the impact of

the feedstock on engine performance and emission profiles; 3) Perform fundamental research on transformative tech-

nologies to minimize the costs associated with bio-jet fuel production from algae. Emphasis is being placed on the

efficient and sustainable algal production, harvesting, lipid extraction, as well as combustion and emissions characteris-

tics of these fuels. The emissions results of the Jet A and JP-4 fuel combustion measured in a PT 6 turbo-propeller en-

gine exhaust plume are compared in the following figure.

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: RAY TAGHAVI

Page 15 Page 16

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: ZJ WANG

As scientists and engineers strive to solve grand challenges such as predicting global climate

change, or reducing noise generated by helicopters, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) serves as a

tool that will help them succeed. Professor Z. J. Wangs research is in CFD both in developing and improving it as a tool and in using it to study physical problems. In developing CFD, his research

has been focused on the development of high-resolution, and high-order methods for the Euler and

Navier-Stokes equations on unstructured grids, overset grid methods, adaptive grid methods for

multi-scale problems, geometric modeling and grid generation, and parallel computing. The never-

ending goal for CFD tool development is more accurate, faster, more robust, easier to use. Physical

problems tackled using the developed tool include vortex dominated flows, bio-inspired aerodynam-

ics, helicopter noise prediction, transitional and turbulent flows.

Research on adaptive high-order methods has been the core focus of Prof.

Wangs current research. After several decades of rapid development, CFD has become an indispensable design tool in many industries, especially in

aerospace engineering. For example, the major aerodynamic design work of

the Boeing 787 was performed using CFD. Most commercial CFD software

tools have low order accuracy, usually first or second order accurate, which

means the solution error decreases at the rate of h or h2 (h being the mesh

size). For many applications, higher-order accurate methods are required.

Examples include vortex-dominated flows, high-lift configurations,

aeroacoustic noise prediction, large eddy simulation (LES) and direct numeri-

cal simulation (DNS) of turbulent flow. Two sample predictions using high-

order methods are shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Over the past decade, there has been an intensive international research effort in

developing adaptive high-order methods into accurate aircraft design tools to fur-

ther reduce design cycle time. In order to assess the current status and identify pac-

ing items, Dr. Wang has co-organized two international workshops on high-order

CFD. Although these methods have demonstrated a lot of potential, several signifi-

cant challenges remain: high-order mesh generation, robust and efficient solution

algorithms, error estimates and solution based hp-adaptations and discontinuity-

capturing. Under the support of AFOSR, Dr. Wang and his group of postdoc and

graduate students are addressing all the above challenges. In addition, with support

from NASA, Dr. Wangs group is extending high-order methods to compute high Reynolds number turbulent flows, particularly highly separated flows with a hybrid Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes/

large eddy simulation approach. The developed tool will be capable of computing the unsteady turbulent flows under

high-lift and stall conditions. In another project funded by the Office of Naval Research, Dr. Wangs group is develop-ing the high-order methods to perform climate modeling and weather prediction.

I would like to highlight the ongoing research projects of my three graduate students: Zhenglun (Alan) Wei, Guoyi

Ke, and Yanfei Li.

Zhenglun (Alan) Wei, (PhD): Fishes, birds, and insects employ

their oscillating motion of tails, bodies or wings to produce propul-

sive and maneuvering forces. Conventional propellers created by

human beings have the same capability to generate forces but, not

that efficiently. Airfoils are used as models for fish bodies or bird

wings for this study. This research can provide mechanisms for

understanding unsteady aerodynamics flapping of airfoils in low

Reynolds number flow. Eventually, it will discover an approach to

create power robotic birds or fish.

Guoyi Ke, (PhD): The research is to develop an acoustic identification simulation system to identify and locate the

sources of threats in the battle field. Numerical techniques are developed to study sound propagation around objects

with complicated geometries in the long-range acoustic propagation.

Yanfei Li (M.S.): In this study, we investigate nano-wetting properties of the SPC/E water on solid magnesium oxide

with variations of surface roughness and electrostatic interactions using molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The ef-

fects of surface roughness and electrostatic potential significantly influence the contact angle of water droplets.

FACULTY RESEARCH PROFILE: CHARLIE ZHENG

Figure 1. Computation of Vortex-Dominated

Flow over a Flapping Wing

Page 17 Page 18 Figure 3. Simulation of flow control with surface bumps to increase the lift over drag ratio by more than 12%

Increase o

f hea

vin

g freq

uency

Figure 2. Large Eddy Simulation of

Transitional Flow over a Wing

Page 19 Page 20

FLIGHT RESEARCH LABORATORY

The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) announced The University of Kansas as one of

the teams selected to take part of the inaugural DOE Collegiate Wind Competition. 10

student teams were selected nationwide through a competitive process for this inaugural

competition.

The competition contests are designed to reach students from various engineering and

business programs to provide them with engaging, real-world project experience as they

prepare to enter the workforce. The selected programs garnered organizational support

from their institutions as well as private-sector and community support.

The competition is a forum for undergraduate college students of multiple disciplines to investigate innovative wind en-

ergy concepts; gain experience designing, building, and testing a wind turbine to perform according to a customized

market data-derived business plan; and increase their knowledge of wind industry barriers.

The National Renewable Energy Laboratory is facilitating the inaugural competition, which will take place in spring

2014. The theme of the inaugural competition is to design and construct a lightweight, transportable wind turbine that

can be used to power small electronic devices. A principal contest involves testing each team's prototype wind turbine in

a wind tunnel under specific conditions. Each team's business plan and turbine will also be evaluated against other pre-

weighted criteria. The third event of the competition will be an oral presentation relating to current wind market drivers

and issues. Teams will be judged on the members' understanding of the issues posed to them, their communication of

potential solutions, and their ability to promote constructive dialogue.

This competition is an opportunity for collegiate institutions to showcase student ingenuity and the programs that the

students represent. In addition to this national recognition, the turbine from the college or university with the best overall

score will be placed on temporary display at the DOE headquarters building in Washington, D.C.

STUDENT NEWS

The Flight Research Laboratory (FRL) has a long history of conducting flight research using crewed flight vehicles,

and the most recent instance focused on hyperspectral imaging over the Yellowstone caldera and the Kwanza Prairie.

But recently, the primary focus is on unmanned aerial systems (UASs) - sometimes called uncrewed air vehicles

(UAVs) or drones.

The FRL personnel include an A&P mechanic, Andy Pritchard, an electronics technician, Wes Ellison, and an avionics

technician with special skills in avionics hardware, George Blake. KUAE faculty in the FRL include Professors Ray

Taghavi and Saeed Farokhi (propulsion and fuels), Shawn Keshmiri (dynamics and control), Dongkyu Choi (artificial

intelligence and control), Haiyang Chao (vision sensors and avionics), Rick Hale (structures) and Mark Ewing,

(avionics and FRL Director).

The FRL conducts business at the Garrison Flight Research Center on the northwest side of the Lawrence Airport.

The Garrison Centers two hangars provide:

The UASs available for research include 2 Meridians, a

1100 lb aircraft with a 15 lb payload and a mean 1000 mile

range developed for KUs NSF Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS). The Meridian has flown in both

Antarctica and Greenland in support of ice-sounding radar

exploration of the polar regions. In addition, the FRL has a

stable of smaller systems, including 40% and 33% scale model YAK 54s with payload capacities of 15 and 7lb.

These smaller UASs have, over the past 5 years, been used

as surrogate aircraft for the Meridian, offering far more inexpensive opportunities to test system upgrades and to pro-

vide training for Meridian missions. The YAK 54s have also

been used to flight test the KU Automatic Flight System (AFS), developed by Dr. Keshmiri.

The basic AFS autopilot is a waypoint-following unit built around novel nonlinear control laws, some elements of

which are automatically discovered in flight. The investment strategy of the FRL has included advocating for recruit-

ment of faculty to establish a critical mass in UAS development. Dr. Choi is conducting research on rule-based con-trol laws using artificial intelligence to add a cognitive flight director to the AFS. Dr. Chao is investigating the de-livery of vision information to the flight director to allow see-sense-avoid capability. With these new capabilities, the

FRL becomes more likely to succeed.

The FRL strategic plans call for establishment of partnerships with government and industry research teams needing

UAS platforms. One current trend is the exploration of multiple, computing UASs for remote sensing

2000 sq ft high bay for aircraft

Cessna 172

Cessna 182RG

Meridian UAS

40% & 33% scale YAK 54

UASs

Mal Harned propulsion Test Lab

Milt Sills Flight Test Briefing Room

AST 4000 fixed base simulator

Flight instrument calibration lab

Avionics development lab

GA aircraft structural load frame

2500 sq ft fabrication space

The FRL aircraft, 33% YAK 54s at left, the Meridian in the

background, the man-totable HawkEye, front left and a 40%

YAK 54 front right.

Students Selected to Compete in Inaugural DOE Collegiate Wind Competition

ABET Accreditation

In September 2012, the Department underwent its six-year ABET (Accreditation Board for Engineering and Tech-

nology) evaluation and has been granted another six years of accreditation. The ABET program evaluator was

Dr. Tom Thompson, Branch Chief of Dynamics, Aeromechanics Division at the U.S. Army Aviation Engineering

Directorate. The ABET observer was Dr. Pasquale Cinnella, Professor and Head of Aerospace Engineering at Mis-

sissippi State University.

The ABET team was very impressed with our aircraft and engine design education, the numerous design competi-

tion wins, and the many hands-on experiences our students acquire during their study at KU. They also made a few

constructive suggestions for improvement in our ongoing assessment processes, pre-requisite checking and had in-

formative and lively discussions with students, faculty, staff, and members of the Departments Advisory Board. Overall, the team indicated no weaknesses, or deficiencies in the undergraduate program.

Special kudos went to Dr. Mark Ewing for spearheading the evaluation process.

The impending entrance of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) into national airspace has sparked a large amount of

interest into the problem of collision and obstacle avoidance in autonomous aircraft operations. Domestic use of

UAS could include operations in urban settings where fixed obstacles (e.g. buildings, radio antennae, trees, etc.)

pose safety concerns. The notion of autonomous UAS sharing runways and airways with manned commercial or

general aviation aircraft also illuminates a need for robust collision avoidance systems (i.e. see-detect-avoid) and advancement in air traffic management procedures. Graduate students and post-doctoral fellows working with the

KUAE Flight Systems Team, headed by Dr. Shawn Keshmiri, are working on advanced guidance and control algo-

rithms for fixed-wing UAS with the capability to autonomously generate collision and obstacle free trajectories

while executing tight tracking in real-time.

Page 21 Page 22

REAL-TIME COLLISION AND OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE IN UNMANNED AERIAL SYSTEMS

GRADUATE STUDENTS TAKE PODIUM AND CHAIR AT 2013 AIAA GNC CONFERENCE

Masters students TJ Stastny and Ryan Lykins, with the KUAE Flight Systems Team, presented their paper Nonlinear Parameter Estimation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Wind Shear Using Artificial Neural Networks at the recent AIAA GNC Conference in Boston, MA. TJ Stastny was also invited to act as Chair for the Applied

Prediction and Estimation Session in which their paper was presented. In the work, the students developed new

rapid methods of parameter estimation from real flight test data using artificial neural networks (ANNs), where the

ANNs are trained to mimic proven high fidelity methods. The ANN were trained, validated, and tested for a range

of flight conditions and piloting modes in mere hours compared to high fidelity methods which may sometimes

take weeks to months to converge.

STUDENTS TRAVEL TO BOSTON TO PRESENT AT AIAA CONFERENCE

What eventually became an opportunity to travel to Boston began in the fall of 2012 in Dr. Keshmiris AE 550 Dynam-ics of Flight course. The paper submission originated as a semester project with team members James Sellers, Luis

Berges, Yinglong Xu, Julian McCafferty, Lei Shi, and Emily Thompson. The project objective was to develop a set of

stability and control derivatives using Advanced Aircraft Analysis (AAA) for the 40% scale Yak 54. With these deriva-

tives, it became possible to evaluate how a theoretical model of an aircraft in AAA compares to results from an actual

flight. Additionally, a post analysis study was conducted on the possibility of modeling a control surface as several

smaller sections versus one large lifting body.

At the conclusion of the semester, James, Julian and Emily agreed to put additional work into their analysis and submit

the results to AIAA. Additional flight conditions were

tested and the AAA model was improved before submis-

sion to AIAA.

Their presentation in Boston was an opportunity to explain

the work they had done, the processes they used, and the

results they found. They explained their analysis process,

which began with the very basic measuring of mass and

geometric properties of the Yak 54-40%.

With this geometric data, AAA produced a set of deriva-

tives. Some of the most important stability and control de-

rivatives verify that the aircraft is indeed stable and if it

were to deviate from steady state flight, would return to steady flight. With the help of graduate student, Ryan Lykins,

graphical comparisons of the results were developed. An example of just one of these charts, lateral directional, is

shown below. Flight test results are in red and AAA results in blue.

It was determined that these results verify that AAA is

capable of producing results for model aircraft flight

with some degree of accuracy.

In addition to the verification of AAA, an additional

study was done to model a split control surface versus

one complete surface. The motivation was to assess

which portion of the aileron AAA determined to be

most effective and compare this to the expected effective region. The current aileron was modeled as three different

smaller surfaces and produced results that reflected what

was expected.

AAA results (left), actual aircraft (right)

Lateral Directional - Validation of Rudder

Update from the Sigma Gamma Tau

As the former KU Chapter President of Sigma Gamma Tau National Aerospace Honor Society, it is my pleasure to

welcome our newest initiates from the 2012 - 2013 academic school year: Undergraduate Students Elizabeth O'Neil,

Joshua Pritchard, Lauren Schumacher, Alex Sizemore, and Darwin May; Graduate Students Katrina Legursky,

Ryan Lykins, and Amool Raina. These individuals have been recognized for being a credit to their profession

through scholarship, integrity, and outstanding achievement.

Sigma Gamma Tau is a national honor society for Aerospace Engineering seeking to identify and recognize

achievement and excellence in the field of Aerospace Engineering. Sigma Gamma Tau's collegiate chapters elect

annually to membership those students, alumni, and professionals who, by conscientious attention to their studies or

professional duties, uphold this high standard for the betterment of their profession. At the University of Kansas

Chapter, we promote fellowship, mentorship, and act as a representation of the exceptional and reputable KU Aero-

space student body.

Furthermore, I am pleased to congratulate Alex Sizemore for being elected by our members to fill the role as our

new Chapter president. We look forward to another active and successful academic year.

-Julian McCafferty

2012- 2013 GRADUATES

Graduate Students

Undergraduate Students

Page 23 Page 24

Emily Arnold (PhD)

Advised by Dr. Richard Hale

Julien Esposito (PhD)

Advised by Dr. Shawn Keshmiri

Travis Locke (MS)

Advised by Dr. Craig McLaughlin

Ryan Barnhart (MS)

Advised by Dr. Ronald Barrett

Gonzalo Garcia (PhD)

Advised by Dr. Shawn Keshmiri

Piyush Mukesh Mehta (PhD)

Advised by Dr. Craig McLaughlin

Richard Bramlette (MS)

Advised by Ronald Barrett

Dustin Grorud (MS)

Advised by Dr. Richard Hale

Dhaval Mysore Krishna (MS)

Advised by Dr. Craig McLaughlin

Himanshu Amol Dande (PhD)

Advised by Dr. Mark Ewing

Sarah Kulhanek (MS)

Advised by Dr. Ray Taghavi

Jordan Ashley Samona Estwick Ryan Huang Travis Pechman John Sebes

Amir Bachelani Andre Fischbach Christopher Jasperse Daniel Prather William VanSkike

Julian Bettoni Aditya Ghate Bella Kim Graham Ray Matthew Weiderspon

Nick Brunkhorst Shina Gupta Alexander Lopez Sean Reskey Matthew Williams

Kaitlyn Borden Brock Harden Sarah McCandless Brandie Rhodes David Woodward

Jacob Borth Christopher Herling Christopher Melvin Justin Sadowski Grant Worden

Nicholas Brunkhorst Joshua Holland Coryn Mickelson Ryan Schirmer

Tyler Conrad Kanin Homsrivaranon Kirill Nadtochiy David Schroer

Adam DSilva Justin Howard Phi Alan Nguyen Samantha Schueler

Seniors and Dr. Wang at 2013 Annual Awards Banquet

Undergraduate Student Papers Accepted by AIAA Conference

One team from the AE 550 Dynamics of Flight course (2012) and one team from AE 430 Aerospace Instrumenta-

tion Laboratory (2013) who submitted papers to the AIAA Science and Technology Forum and Exposition Confer-

ence 2014 have been accepted in regular sessions. Further details about the conference will be posted at

www.ae.engr.ku.edu

Title: Investigation of an Autonomous Landing Sensor for Unmanned Aerial Systems

Authors: Julian McCafferty, Davis Woodward, Graham Ray, Amir Bachelani, and Bella Kim

Mentor: Dr. Shawn Keshmiri

Title: Dynamic Analysis of the Meridian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Authors: Nathan Smith, Luiz Toledo, Daniel Kennedy, and Alex Sizemore

Mentor: Dr. Shawn Keshmiri

Congratulations!

Page 25 Page 26

ALUMNI NEWS: TEST PILOT PUSHES CITATION TO RECORD SPEED, SAFELY

After proving the near-Mach speed and safety of the latest

Citation X (shown above), Aaron Tobias will now focus on

Cessnas largest-cabin aircraft, the Latitude, scheduled to fly in 2014.

The flight path that took Aaron Tobias from his private pilots license, earned while he was in high school in Lyons, to the

command seat for the first test flights of Cessnas high-speed Citation X, pointed directly through KUs aerospace engineering programnot, as Tobias first envisioned, the U.S. Air Force Academy.

Swayed by scholarships and the opportunity to attend college

with his girlfriendnow his wife of 13 years, Kimberly Semmel Tobias, 02Tobias, 01, 05, realized that the military was not his only option for a high-speed career in aviation.

When an area of interest sends you in one direction, you shoot for the top, he says, and all the doors open below that. Then you can pick which one you want.

Following his second year at KU, Tobias landed an internship

in advanced design with Cessna in Wichita, but after a summer spent crunching numbers, he realized on his second-to

-last day that he had yet to even see a real airplane

At that point, Tobias says, I knew there was something wrong. The next summer, Tobias requested an internship in flight test engineering, and there he discovered a unique benefit:

a Cessna flight club offering rentals of nearly new airplanes for the cost of fuel.

I became aware that Cessna had a bit of a unique situation, where a majority of the test pilots were what we refer to now as homegrown, Tobias says. They were training on their own in the company flying club, and then with their technical engineering expertise, they were given opportunities. Tobias joined Cessnas flight-test engineering department in 2002, and over the next three years earned his flight in-structors certificate and a KU graduate degree with an emphasis in flight test. Now an engineering test pilot, Tobias was designated the command pilot for the new Citation X, designed to push the original models top speed from Mach .9292 percent the speed of soundto Mach .935, making it the worlds fastest non-military aircraft.

In order to earn the safety certification, Tobias had to push his Citation X basically right up against 1.0 to prove the aircrafts worthiness in an overspeed emergency, such as a dive. Tobias and his colleagues shared highlights of their near-Mach testing at the Society of Experimental Test Pilots an-nual meeting, for which they won the groups prestigious Ray Tenhoff Award as the symposiums outstanding techni-cal paper.

Weve come up with some new techniques for dive testing, and Im pleased to say that Cessna senior management sees the safety benefit to the industry as a whole.

Its always a challenge to carve the proprietary data out, but you can still communicate an effective message, which is focused almost entirely on safety.

-Chris Lazzarino. Kansas Alumni Association

KUAE WISH LIST

The KUAE Advisory Board continues to play a major role in helping the Department advance its mission. The

Board met twice in the past academic year in Lawrence to discuss various issues of importance. The first meeting

took place on October 20, 2012, and the second meeting was held on April 27, 2013. In addition, many Board mem-

bers visited campus to present a special topic at the colloquium. The students, faculty and staff of KUAE are very

grateful to all the Advisory Board members for many years of great service. Shown below is a photo taken at the

second advisory meeting in April, 2013.

From left to right all rows: Rick Hale, Charlie Zheng, Marv Nuss, Vicki Johnson, Marco Villa, Ray Taghavi, Leland Johnson, Dan Inman,

Kyle Wetzel, Saeed Farokhi, Dave Downing, Willem Anemaat, Mark Ewing, Z.J. Wang, Perry Rea, Wes Ryan, Dick Kovich

Endowed Undergraduate Scholarship Fund ($1-2M)

To attract top students from Kansas and other States

To set up named scholarship

Endowed Graduate Fellowship Fund ($1M)

To attract and retain top graduate students

To compete effectively against other research universities

Endowed Professorships ($1-2M)

To attract and retain first-class faculty

To provide a naming opportunity for a key donor

Design, Build Fly Endowment Fund ($100-200K)

To generate $5-10K/year to support travel and miscellaneous expenses for DBF groups

Facilities Endowment Fund ($1M)

To upgrade both the subsonic and supersonic wind tunnels

To provide an opportunity for a key donor to name the subsonic and supersonic wind tunnels

Unrestricted KUAE Endowment Fund (>$1M)

To support KUAE in pursuing strategic investment in any area

To provide an opportunity for a key donor to name the Department

THANK YOU, ADVISORY BOARD

Page 27 Page 28

PUBLICATIONS (2012-2013)

Barrett, R., and Barnhart, R., "Solid State Adaptive Rotor using Post-Buckled Precompressed, Bending-Twist

Coupled Piezoelectric Actuator Elements," Journal of Smart Materials Research, Vol. 2012, No. 1/832939.

Brennison, M., Barrett, R. and Kerth, L., "Multistrand, Fast Reaction Shape Memory Alloy System for Uninhab-

ited Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Flight Control," Journal of Smart Materials Research, Vol. 2012, No. 6/238314.

Cravens, S., and Barrett, R., "Infra-through Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Acoustic Vector Sensor Particle Rejection

System," Journal of Smart Materials Research, Vol. 2012 No. 1/356190.

Kaan, B., Aldemar, F., Bennett, C., Matamoros, A., Barrett, R. and Rolfe, S., "Fatigue Enhancement of Welded

Details in Steel Bridges Using CFRP Overlay Elements," American Society of Civil Engineers Journal of Compos-

ites for Construction, Vol. 16, No. 2, April 2012.

Giannopoulos, G., Groen, M., Vos, R., and Barrett, R., "Dynamic Performance of Post-Buckled Precompressed

Piezoelectric Actuator Elements," International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics, Vol. 12, No. 5 (2012),

1250042.

Aldemar, F., Matamoros, A. B., Bennett, C., Barrett, R. and Rolfe, S., "Use of CFRP Overlays to Strengthen

Welded Connections under Fatigue Loading," American Society of Civil Engineering, Journal of Bridge Engineer-

ing, Vol. 17, No. 3, May 2012.

Cordill, B.D., Seguin, S.A., Ewing, M.S., On Reverberation Theory and Carbon-Fiber Composite Aircraft, ac-cepted for publication in Proceedings, 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Conference,

Graz, Austria, 13-16 May 2012.

Aziz, M.A., Cordill, B.D., Seguin, S.A., Ewing, M.S., Mamaril, B., Phillips, J. and Pendse, V., Shielding Effec-tiveness of Composite Aircraft: A Reverberation Chamber and Virtual Measurement Study, accepted for publica-tion in Proceedings, 2012 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Conference, Graz, Austria, 13-16

May 2012.

Ewing, M.S. and Dande, H.A., Characterizing Plate Damping Loss Factor Estimation Errors, Proceedings, 53rd AIAA Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference, Honolulu, Hawaii, 23-26 April 2012.

Dande, H.A. and Ewing, M.S., On the Effect of Mechanical Excitation Position on Panel Loss Factor Estimation with the Power Input Method, Proceedings, Internoise 2012/ASME NCAD, 19-22 August 2012, New York City, NY (paper IN12-1188).

Han, S.Y., Taghavi, R., and Farokhi, S.., Numerical Simulation of Supersonic Jet Instability Modes of Plane and Notched Rectangular Nozzles, Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, Part C, Vol. 226, pp. 105-122, January 2012.

Jin. W, Taghavi, R., and Farokhi, S., Flow Distortion in an S-Duct Inlet with Simulated Icing Effect and Heat Transfer, The Aeronautical Journal, Vol. 116, No. 1117, pp. 251-270, March 2012.

Raina, A., Lee, K., Wetzel, K.W., and Farokhi, S., Effect of Typical Manufacturing Defects on the Performance of Small Stall-Regulated Wind Turbines(with Raina, A., Lee, K. and Wetzel, K.W.), presented at 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 9-12 Jan 2012, Nashville, Tennessee. Paper number: AIAA-2012-1156.

Han, S.Y., Taghavi, R. and Farokhi, S., Passive Control of Supersonic Rectangular jets Through Boundary Layer Swirl, International Journal of Turbo and Jet Engines Vol. 30, No. 2, pp. 199-216, June 2013.

K. J. Byers, A. R. Harish, S. A. Seguin, C. Leuschen, F. Rodriguez-Morales, J. Paden, E. Arnold, and R. Hale, "A

Modified Wideband Dipole Antenna for an Airborne VHF Ice Penetrating Radar," IEEE Transactions on Instru-

mentation and Measurement, vol. 61, pp. 1435-1444, May 2012.

Lan, C.E., S. Keshmiri, S., and Hale, R.D., Fuzzy Logic Modeling of a Rolling Unmanned Vehicle in Antarctic Wind Shear. Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, volume 35, number 5, (2012).

C. T. Allen, Hale, R.D., C. J. Leuschen, J. D. Paden, B. G. Panzer, E. Arnold, W. A. Blake, F. Rodriguez-Morales,

J. D. Ledford, and S. A. Seguin, "Antarctic Ice Depth-sounding Radar Instrumentation for the NASA DC-8," IEEE

Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, vol. 27, pp. 4-20, 03/2012 2012.

P. Gogineni, D. Braaten, F. Rodriguez-Morales, J. Li, C. Leuschen, J. Paden, Hale, R., E. Arnold, B. Panzer, D. Go-

mez-Garcia, R. Crowe, A. Patel, and J. B. Yan, "Multi-Frequency Airborne Radar Measurements of Outlet Glaciers

and Ice Streams," American Geophysical Union, 2012. 3-7 December, 2012. San Francisco, CA.

Gogineni. S., J Paden., Hale, R., C. Leuschen, D. Braaten, F. Rodriguez-Morales, S. Yan and J. Li. Ultra Wide-band Radars for Imaging of Ice-Bed Topography and Fine-Resolution Mapping of Internal Layers from the surface to

Bed. International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences First open Science Conference, 1-5 October, 2012. Presquile de Giens, Cote dAzur, France.

Emily J. Arnold, Jie-Bang Yan, Jilu Li, Hale, R., Fernando Rodriguez-Morales, and Prasad Gogineni. Identification and Compensation of Aircraft Integration Effects in Wing-Mounted Phased Array for Ice Sheet Sounding. Antenna Applications Symposium, 18-20 September, 2012. Amherst, MA.

R. F. Rincon, T. Fatoyinbo, K. J. Ranson, G. Sun, M. Deshpande, M. Perrine, C. F. Du Toit, Q. Bonds, V. Marrero,

Hale, R., A. Bhat, and P. James. Development of the ECOSAR P-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar. Proceedings of the IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 22-27 July, 2012, Munich, Germany.

P. Gogineni, D. Braaten, F. Rodriguez-Morales, J. Li, C. Leuschen, J. Paden, Hale, R., E. Arnold, B. Panzer, D. Go-

mez-Garcia, R. Crowe, A. Patel, and J. B. Yan, "Multi-Frequency Airborne Radar Measurements of Outlet Glaciers

and Ice Streams," XXXII Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research Science Week, 17-19 July, 2012, Portland, OR.

S. Gogineni, C. Leuschen, J. Paden, F. Rodriguez-Morales, J. Li, Hale, R.D., Braaten, E. Arnold, B. Panzer, D. Go-

mez, R. Crowe, A. Patel, and S. Yan Radar Instrumentation for Polar Research. Proceedings of the BGS/RAS/IGS/TGS New Advances in Geophysics Meeting, 9-10 February, 2012, London, England.

Garcia, G., Keshmiri, S., Online Artificial Neural Network Model Based Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller for the Meridian UAS, Accepted for Publication, Wiley International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, RNC-12-0338.R1, 2013.

Lan. E., Keshmiri, S., Hale, R., Aerodynamic Analysis of a Large UAS in Horizontal Wind Shear, AIAA Journal of Guidance, Control, and Dynamics, AIAA55541 Volume 35, Number 5, 2012.

Garcia, G., Keshmiri, S., Adaptive and Resilient Flight Control System for a Small Unmanned Aerial System, Ac-cepted for publication in the International Journal of Aerospace Engineering, 2013.

Garcia, G., and Keshmiri, S., "Online ANN for Aerodynamic Forces and Nonlinear Estimation used in a NMPC

Formulation, AIAA GNC Conference, AIAA-2012-4984.

Garcia, G., and Keshmiri, S., "Integrated Kalman Filter for a Flight Control System with Redundant Measure-

ments, Infotech@Aerospace 2012, AIAA 2012-2499.

Bowman, A., Keshmiri, S., An Empirical Method for Estimating Moments of Inertia of Light Unmanned Air Vehi-cles Infotech@Aerospace 2012, AIAA 2012-2598.

Stastny, T.J., Lykins., R., and Keshmiri, S., Nonlinear Parameter Estimation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Wind Sheear Using Artificial Neural Networks, AIAA GNC, 2013-4768

Mehta, P. M., McLaughlin, C.A., T. F. Lechtenberg, and S. Mance, Energy-Accommodation Coefficient and Drag Coefficient Modeling for Stella and Starlette, 63rd International Astronautical Conference, Naples, Italy,

October 1-5, 2012.

McLaughlin, C. A., A. Hiatt, D. Mysore Krishna, T. Lechtenberg, E. Fattig, and P. M. Mehta, Precision Orbit Derived Atmospheric Density: Development and Performance, Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, Maui, HI, September 12-14, 2012.

McLaughlin, C. A., T. Locke, and D. Mysore Krishna, Effects of High Frequency Density Variations on Orbit Propagation, Space Flight Mechanics 2012, Vol. 143 of Advances in the Astronautical Sciences, 2012, AAS 12-176, pp. 1061-1068.

J. Johnson, A. Karwas, E. Peltier, and Taghavi, R., Measuring Emissions from A General Aviation Engine Burn-

ing Alternative Jet Fuels, (Poster presented at the Transportation Research Board (TRB) 91st Annual Meeting, Washington, D.C. January 22-26, 2012.

Y. Zhou and Wang, Z.J., Effects of Surface Roughness on Separated and Transitional Flows over a Wing, AIAA Journal 50 (3), 593-609, (2012).

R. Kannan, and Wang, Z.J., Improving the high order spectral volume formulation using a diffusion regulator", Communications in Computational Physics 12, No. 1, 247-260 (2012).

R. Kannan and Wang, Z.J., "A High Order Spectral Volume solution to the Burgers equation using the Hopf-Cole Transformation." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 69, No. 4, 781801, (2012).

M. Yu, Wang, Z.J. and H. Hu, Airfoil Thickness Effects on the Thrust Generation of Plunging Airfoils, J. of Aircraft 49 (5) 1434-1439, (2012).

M.L. Yu, Wang, Z.J., On the Connection Between the Correction and Weighting Functions in the Correction Pro-cedure via Reconstruction Method, J Sci Comput 54, 227244 (2013).

H. Gao, Wang, Z.J., and H.T. Huynh, Differential Formulation of Discontinuous Galerkin and Related Methods for the Navier-Stokes Equations, Communications in Computational Physics 13, No. 4, 1013-1044 (2013).

Y. Li and Wang, Z.J., An Optimized Correction Procedure via Reconstruction Formulation for Broadband Wave Computation, Communications in Computational Physics, Vol. 13, No. 5, pp. 1265-1291 (2013).

H. Gao and Wang, Z.J., A Conservative Correction Procedure via Reconstruction Formulation with the Chain-Rule Divergence Evaluation, J. Computational Physics 232, 713 (2013).

Wang, Z.J., K.J. Fidkowski, R. Abgrall, F. Bassi, D. Caraeni, A. Cary, H. Deconinck, R. Hartmann, K. Hillewaert,

H.T. Huynh, N. Kroll, G. May, P-O. Persson, B. van Leer, and M. Visbal. High-Order CFD Methods: Current Status and Perspective, International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 72, 811-845, (2013).

Hoffmann, M., Munz, C.-D., and Wang, Z. J., Efficient Implementation of the CPR Formulation for the Navier-Stokes Equations on GPUs, in Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Computational Fluid Dynamics, ICCFD7-2603.

Yu, M., Wang, Z. J., and Hu, H., High-Fidelity Flapping-Wing Aerodynamics Simulations with a Dynamic Un-structured Grid Based Spectral Difference Method, in Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Compu-tational Fluid Dynamics, ICCFD7-4104.

M. Yu, Wang, Z.J., Hui Hu, The Effects of Wing Planforms on the Aerodynamic Performance of Thin Finite-Span Flapping Wings, AIAA-2012-757.

L. Shi, Wang, Z.J., S. Fu, L. Zhang, A PNPM-CPR Method for Navier-Stokes Equations, AIAA-2012-460.

M. Yu, Wang, Z.J., H. Hu, Experimental and Numerical Investigations on the Asymmetric Wake Vortex Struc-tures of an Oscillating Airfoil, AIAA-2012-299.

Zheng, Z. C., and Wei, Z., 2012, "Study of Mechanisms and Factors That Influence the Formation of Vortical

Wake of a Heaving Airfoil," Physics of Fluids, Vol. 24, 103601-1--103601-12.

Zheng, Z. C., and Zhang, N., 2012, "Verifying Consistency of Boundary Conditions with Integral Characteristics of

Mass Conservation for Particulates in Flow," Mechanics Research Communications, Vol. 40, pp. 46-51.

Sun, X., Eckels, S., and Zheng, Z. C., 2012, "An Improved Thermal Model of the Human Body," HVAC&R Re-

search, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 323-338.

Ebrahimi, K., Zheng, Z. C., Hosni, M., 2012, Computation al Study of the Effects of Particle Size and Density, Particle Injection and Pressure on Turbulent Dispersion of Micon-Sized Particles in a generic Aircraft Cabin, ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, Paper number IMECE2012-88504,

Nov. 9-15, 2012, Houston, TX.

Zheng, Z. C., Wei, Z., Bennett, J., Yang, X., 2012, Simulation and Comparison of Particle Injection in an Indoor Environment Using the Species Transport and Discrete Phase Models, ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting, Paper number FESM2012-72014, July 8-12, 2012, Puerto Rico.

Wei, Z., and Zheng, Z. C., 2012, Parallel Implementation and performance of an Immersed Boundary Method with Distributed Memory, ASME 2012 Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting, Paper number FESM2012-72318, July 8-12, 2012, Puerto Rico.

Zheng, Z. C., Wei, Z., 2012, Energy Harvesting of a Moving Airfoil in a Vortical Wake, 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibits, Paper number AIAA 2012-1083, January 9-12, 2012, Nashville, TN.

Zheng, Z. C., Ke, G., 2012, Simulation of Sound Propagation over Baerriers of Arbitrary Shapes, 50th AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibits, Paper number AIAA 2012-0011, January 9-12, 2012, Nashville, TN.

Emrahimi, K, Zheng, Z.C., and Hosni, M., 2013, A Computational Study of Turbulent Airflow and Tracer Gas Diffusion in a Generic Aircraft Cabin, ASME Journal of Fluids Engineering, Vol. 135, 11105-1-11105-15.

Yang, X., Zheng, Z.C., Winecki, S., and Eckles, S., 2013, Model Simulation and Experiments of Flow and Mass Transport through a Nano-Material Gas Filter, Applied Mathematical Modelling, Vol. 337,pp 9052-9062.

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RESEARCH GRANTS (2012-2013)

NASA Ames, Ron Barrett (PI), Pressure Adaptive Wing Surface, $40,000, 7/8/2011-7/7/2013

Kansas Department of Transportation, Ron Barrett (Co-PI), Enhancement of Welded Steel Girders Susceptible to Distortion-Induced Fatigue, $152,504, 6/1/12-8/31/13.

Transport Research Institute, Ron Barrett Co-PI), Enhancement of Welded Steel Girders Susceptible to Distor-tion-Induced Fatigue, $72,500, 6/1/12-8/31/13.

Institute for the Study of Learning and Expertise /Office of Naval Research, Dongkyu Choi (PI), Autonomous Discovery of Object Properties: Robots That Create Simple Machines, $225,000, 2/1/2012-12/31/14.

DARPA, Dongkyu Choi (PI) Robotics Challenge: Cognitive Robot for Genera