faculty of science teaching and examination scheme … · subject code bbit6pbt subject name plant...

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

Teaching and Examination scheme

&

Syllabus of

B.Sc. Biotechnology

Semester VI

Effective from July 2020

GANPAT UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF SCIENCE

REVISION OF TECHING & EXAMINATION SCHEME AND SYLLABUS Programme Bachelor of Science Branch/Spec. Biotechnology

Semester VI Academic Council Approved Syllabus (in which the revision is carried out)

Notification No

Date

Effective from Academic Year 2020-21 Effective for the batch Admitted in July 2018

Subject code Subject Name Revision in Full Syllabus (Yes/No)

Revision in Teaching Scheme(Yes/No)

Revision in Exam Scheme(Yes/No)

Revision in Content (Yes/No)

Percentage of changes if content revision

BBIT6PBT Plant Biotechnology

Yes Yes Yes Yes 100 %

BBIT6ABT Animal Biotechnology


BBIT6RDT

Recombinant DNA Technology


BBIT6GPT Genomics and Proteomics

New Course -- -- -- --

BELE6BIS Biostatistics Yes Yes Yes Yes 100 %

BELE6IPR Intellectual Property Rights


BELE6PDI Plant Diversity I New Course -- -- -- --

MOOCs courses from SWAYAM PORTAL


NEED OF REVISION:

New Syllabus implemented as per UGC guidelines.

*Any one subject can be offered from the following list of elective subjects

Sr. No. Subject Code Subject Name

1 BELE6BIS Biostatistics

2 BELE6IPR Intellectual Property Rights 3 BELE6PDI Plant Diversity I 4 MOOCs courses from SWAYAM PORTAL

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

TEACHING AND EXAMINATION SCHEME

Programme Bachelor of Science Branch/Spec. Biotechnology

Semester Vl

Effective from Academic Year 2020-21 Effective for the batch Admitted in July 2018

Sr. No.

Subject Code Subject Name

Teaching scheme Examination scheme (Marks)

Credit Hours (per week) Theory Practical

Lecture(DT) Practical(Lab.) Lecture(DT) Practical(Lab.) CE SEE Total CE SEE Total

L TU Total P TW Total

L TU

Total

P TW Total

1 BBIT6PBT Plant Biotechnology 3 -- 3 2 2 3 -- 3 3 1 4 40 60 100 40 60 100

2 BBIT6ABT Animal Biotechnology

3 -- 3 2 2 3 -- 3 3 1 4 40 60 100 40 60 100

3 BBIT6RDT Recombinant DNA Technology

3 -- 3 2 2 3 -- 3 3 1 4 40 60 100 40 60 100

4 BBIT6GPT Genomics and Proteomics

3 -- 3 2 2 3 -- 3 3 1 4 40 60 100 40 60 100

5 Elective* 2 -- 2 - - 2 -- 2 - -- -- 40 60 100 -- -- --

Total 14 -- 14 08 08 14 -- 14 12 04 16 200 300 500 160 240 400

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE


Semester Vl Version 2.0.0.0

Effective from Academic Year 2020-21 Effective for the batch Admitted in July-2018

Subject code BBIT6PBT Subject Name Plant Biotechnology


(Per week) Lecture(DT) Practical(Lab) Total CE SEE Total

L TU P TW

Credit 03 -- 2 05 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 03 -- 3 1 07 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Students will understand the importance and applications of plant tissue culture.

Graduates will understand the branch of science to study scientifically the plant life, its important parts, cells and the strategies to use them for human purpose.

This course will help in understanding production various plant metabolites and developing desired plant.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - Basic Concept of Plant Anatomy: Leaf, Root, Stem, Seed and significance of plant cell.Concept of totipotency, competency,determinism, explant, cellular characteristic, Cytodifferetiation, Vascular Differentiation, Organogenic differentiation.

- Introduction of plant Tissue Culture: History,Scope,Importance of plant tissue culture.

- Laboratory organization of tissue culture: Washing facility, General laboratory and media preparation area Transfer area culturing facilities, light units, Green houses Laboratory and personal safety.

- Preparation of sterile media, containers and small instruments, Steam sterilization,Dry sterilization, Filter sterilization, Ultra violet sterilization, Maintenance of aseptic conditions, Alcohol sterilization, Flame sterilization and Sterilization of explant and chemical sterilization.

- Culture Media: Nutritional requirements for plant tissue culture; Different types of Media viz. MS,B5,Nitsch and White media used in Plant tissue culture and concept of optimal media; Different hormones,growth regulators and its preparation, selection of media, Sterilization of the media.

- Types of culture: Seed culture, Ovary,Ovule, Embryo and endosperm culture, Embryo Recue,Application of Endosperm culture, Callus culture, Organ culture, Anther & Pollen culture, Nucellus culture, Protoplast Culture.

12

2 - Protoplast Isolation and fusion, Methods of protoplast isolation, Protoplast development.

- Somatic hybridization, identification and selection of hybrid cells, Production of haploids Cybrids, Potential of somatic hybridization limitations; Somaclonal

12

variation Nomenclautre, methods. - Micropopagation: Axillary bud proliferation, Meristem and shoot tip culture,

organogenesis, embryogenesis, advantages and disadvantages of micropropagation.Methods of sub culturing and transfer of regenerated plants to the field.Selection and maintainance of cell lines, cryopreservation of germplasm.

3 - CELL SUSPENSION AND SECONDARY METABOLITES: Types of suspension cultures Batch culture, Continuous culture, Semi continuous culture, Growth measurements Synchronization of suspension culture, Technique for single cell culture—Bergmann cell plating technique.

- Production of secondary metabolites: Morphological and chemical differentiation Medium composition for secondary product formation Growth production patterns Environmental factors.

- Selection of cell lines producing high amounts of a useful metabolite Product analysis

11

4 - Stratagies for stress tolerance in plant, Development of stress resistance in plants: Biotic and Abiotic stress.

- RNAi and antisense RNA technology for extending shelf life of fruits and flowers (ACC synthase gene and polygalactoronase); delay of softening and ripening of flesh fruits.

10

Reference Books

1 P.S. VerPlant cell culture for the production of useful chemicals and secondary metabolites (Hairy root culture, Biotransformation, Elicitation) - pigments, flavanoids, alkaloids; mechanism and manipulation of shikimate pathwayma and V.K.Agrawal, 2016. ‘Cell biology, Genetics, Molecular Biology, Evolution and Ecology’ S.Chand.

2 Razdan M K: An Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture.

3 H.S.Chawla,Introduction to plant Biotechnology,CRC publishers,3rd edition (2009).

4 Introduction to Plant Tissue Culture, Bhojwani and Rozdan.

5 R. C. Dubey, Text Book of Biotechnology, S.Chand Publisher,3rd edition (2001).

6 Satyanarayana U., Biotechnology,Books and allied P.Limited publisher,1st edition (2013)

List of Practical

1 Preparation of simple growth nutrient (knop’s medium)full strength

2 Preparation of simple growth nutrient (knop’s medium) half strength.

3 Isolation of Protoplast.

4 Preparation of growth hormones in culture medium.

5 To demonstrate various steps of Micropropagation.

6 Preparation of complex nutrient medium (Murashige & Skoog’s medium)

7 Selection, sterilization and preparation an explant.

8 To demonstrate various steps of Micropropagation.

9 To perform anther culture.

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BBIT6ABT Subject Name Animal Biotechnology



L TU P TW

Credit 03 -- 2 05 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 03 -- 3 1 07 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Students will understand the designing of animal tissue culture laboratory and aseptic conditions involved and instrumentation important in cell culturing.

Graduates will get to know the importance and application of animal tissue culture

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - Basics of Animal Cell Culture:Terms and definitions; Historical Background of cell

culture;Advantages of Tissue Culture and Limitations, Types of Tissue Culture.

- Laboratory Design, Layout, and Equipments:Requirements of a Tissue Culture

Laboratory, Aseptic Area, Incubation and Culture, Class 100& Class 100 Biosafety

classification

- Preparation and Sterilization, Storage, Supplementary Laboratory Equipments,

Specialized EquipmentsCulture Vessel and Substrate: Substrate,Treated Surfaces,

Choice of Culture Vessel and Specialized Systems.

- Defined Media and Supplements: Development of Media,Physicochemical

Properties, Balanced Salt Solutions, Complete Media,Serum, Selection of Medium

and Serum, Other Supplements, Advantage and disadvantage of Serum and

serum free media, Selection of serum free media, Development and preparation

of serum free media.

- Sterilization and maintenance of cultures; Simulating natural conditions for

growth of animal cells; Significance of media components.

12

2 - Primary Cell Culture:Initiation of a Primary Cell Culture, Isolation of the Tissue, Types of Primary Culture: Anchorage dependence andAnchorage independence. Organ culture; Primary explant cultures.Secondary cultures and Establishedcell lines; commonly used cell lines: origin and characteristics; Growth kinetics and cells in culture; 3 – D culture, Subculture and propogation.

- Cell Line Characterization: based on Morphology, Chromosome Analysis, DNA, RNA and Protein Content, cell surface markers, CellSeparation,

12

Characterizationand Differentiation. - Transformation of animal cell, Immortalization, Aberrant Growth Control, Cell

counting, Plating Efficiency, Labeling Index, Generation Time of established cell line; Recent issues on research in cell lines.

- Cryopreservation : Need of Cryopreservation, Principle of Cryopreservation, Transporting Cells, Design and control of freezing stocks and cell bank. Sources of Contamination,Types of Microbial Contamination, Monitoring for Contamination, Disposal of Contaminated Culture.

3 - Biology of cultured cell: Culture Environment, Cell Adhesion, Cell Proliferation, Differentiation, Cell Signaling, Energy Metabolism and Origin of Cultured Cells.

- Cell Quantification, Cytotoxicity: Measurement of Cytotoxicity: cell Viability; Cell Proliferation Assays; Cytotoxicity Assays; Microtitration and Clonogenic Survival; Drug Interaction; Apoptosis and its determination; Necrosis; Difference between apoptosis and necrosis.

- Cell culture of Specialized cell:Epithelial cell, Mesenchymal Cells,Neuroectodermal Cells, Hematopoietic Cells, Insulin, growth hormone, interferon, tissue plasminogen activator, factor VIII, Processing of chosen protein; Growth of cells in suspension and bioreactors for large scale culture of cells

11

4 - Applications of Cell Culture: - Stem cell culture, and its applications, Transplantation of cultured cells; somatic

gene therapy. - Transgenic animals: Sheep use and applications. - Production and applications of monoclonal antibodies. - Production of vaccines using animal cell culture. - Tissue engineering: Elementary idea of tissue engineering viz. Artificial skin.

10

Reference Books

1 R.IanFreshney,Culture of Animal Cells

2 M.Butler,Animal cell culture

3 John R. W. Masters, Animal Cell Culture, 3rd addition

4 L A Babinnk And J P Phillips Pregamon Press Oxford ,Animal Biotechnology(1989)

5. R.C.Dubey;Biotechnology

List of Practical

1 Sterilization techniques: Glass ware sterilization

2 Sterilization techniques: Media sterilization

3 Sterilization techniques: Laboratory sterilization

4 Demonstration of Karyotype.

5 Cellquantification.

6 Sources of contamination and decontamination measures.

7 Preparation of Hanks Balanced salt solution.

8 Preparation of Minimal Essential Growth medium.

9 Isolation of lymphocytes for culturing.

10 Assay for cell viability.

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BBIT6 RDT Subject Name Recombinant DNA Technology



L TU P TW

Credit 03 -- 2 05 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 03 -- 3 1 07 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Graduates will know the basic, process and construction recombined DNA molecules and its applications.

Graduates will get to know the importance and application of recombinant DNA in the production of vaccines and protein therapies.

Graduates will help in the understanding of gene expression, advantage of natural genetic variation, modifying genes and transferring genes to new hosts.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - Introduction to genetic engineering: Milestones in genetic engineering and biotechnology.

- Various tools of genetic engineering: Restriction modification systems: Types I, II and III. Mode of action, nomenclature, applications of Type II restriction enzymes in genetic engineering DNA modifying enzymes and their applications: DNA polymerases. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferases, kinases and phosphatases, and DNA ligases: Cohesive and blunt end ligation; Linkers; Adaptors, Homopolymeric tailing.

- Labeling of DNA: Nick translation, Random priming, Radioactive and non-radioactive probes.

- Hybridization techniques: Northern, Southern and Colony hybridization, Fluorescence in situ hybridization; Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; DNA-Protein Interaction.

15

2 - Cloning Vectors: Definition and Properties Plasmid vectors: pBR and pUC series, Bacteriophage lambda and M13 based vectors, Cosmids, BACs, YACs , Use of linkers and adaptors.

- Expression vectors: E.coli lac and T7 promoter-based vectors, yeast YIp, YEp and YCp vectors, Baculovirus based vectors, mammalian SV40-based expression vectors. Plant based vectors, Ti and Ri as vectors, Shuttle vectors

10

3 - Construction and Screening of Genomic and cDNA libraries:Insertion of Foreign DNA into Host Cells; Transformation.

- Construction of libraries; Isolation of mRNA and total RNA; cDNA and genomic libraries; cDNA and genomic cloning.

- Expression cloning; Jumping and hopping libraries; Southwestern and western cloning; Protein-protein interactive cloning and Yeast two hybrid system; Phage display; Principles in maximizing gene expression.

10

4 - Site specific mutagenesis and Protein engineering : PCR Based Site directed mutagenesis,Random mutagenesis, Use of Phage display technique to facilitate the selection of mutant peptide,Gene Shuffling ,Production of chimeric protein.

- Plant transformation techniques(Biological gene transfer): Mechanism of DNA transfer – Agrobacterium mediated gene transfer, Ti and Ri plasmids as vectors, role of virulence genes; design of expression vectors; 35S promoter, genetic markers, reporter genes; viral vectors.

- Introduction of DNA into mammaliancells (Physical gene transfer); Transfection techniques:Direct gene transfer methods-particle bombardment, electroporation and microinjection.

10

Reference Books

1 S.B. Primrose, R.M. Twyman and R.W.Old; Principles of Gene Manipulation. 6th Edition, S.B.University Press, 2001.

2 J. Sambrook and D.W. Russel; Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Vols 1-3, CSHL, 2001.

3 Brown TA, Genomes, 3rd ed. Garland Science 2006

4 Clark DP and Pazdernik NJ. (2009). Biotechnology: Applying the Genetic Revolution. Elsevier Academic Press, USA

5 Glick, B.R., Pasternak, J.J. (2003). Molecular Biotechnology- Principles and Applications of recombinant DNA. ASM Press, Washington

6 Willey JM, Sherwood LM, and Woolverton CJ. (2008) Prescott, Harley and Klein’s Microbiology. 7th edition. McGraw Hill Higher Education.

List of Practical

1 Isolation of DNA from plant cell.

2 Digestion of DNA using restriction enzymes and analysis by agarose gel electrophoresis.

3 Preparation of competent cells for transformation.

4 Demonstration of Bacterial Transformation and calculation of transformation efficiency.

5 Demonstration of Southern blotting.

6 Demonstration of Northern Blotting.

7 Isolation of RNA.

8 Estimation of RNA.

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BBIT6 GPT Subject Name Genomics and Proteomics



L TU P TW

Credit 03 -- 2 05 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 03 -- 3 1 07 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Graduates will have knowledge of genomes, how it encodes proteins and hence the function of proteomes.

Graduates will help in the understanding of genomics and proteomics principles, technologies and applications.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - Introduction to genomic: Structural organization of genome in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes; Organelle DNA-mitochondrial, chloroplast.

- Mapping of genome:Tools for genome analysis-RFLP, DNA fingerprinting, RAPD, PCR, Linkage and Pedigree analysis-physical and genetic mapping.

10

2 - Sequencing Genome: DNA sequencing-principles and translation to large scale projects; Recognition of coding and non-coding sequences and gene annotation, DNA sequencing methods :Maxam & Gilbert method, Pyrosequencing.

- Genome Sequencing: Shotgun methods, Computer tools for sequencing projects: Genome sequence assembly software.

10

3 - Proteomics I: Introduction to protein structure, Chemical properties of proteins. Physical interactions that determine the property of proteins. Short-range interactions, electrostatic forces, Vander waalinteractions, hydrogen bonds, Hydrophobic interactions.

- Determination of sizes (Sedimentation analysis, gel filtration, SDS-PAGE); Native PAGE, Determination of covalent structures – Edman degradation.

15

4 - Proteomics II:Introduction to Proteomics, Analysis of proteomes. 2D-PAGE. Sample preparation, solubilization, reduction, resolution.

- Reproducibility of 2D-PAGE. Mass spectrometry based methods for protein identification. De novo sequencing using mass spectrometric data.

10

Reference Books

1 S.B. Primrose, R.M. Twyman and R.W.Old; Principles of Gene Manipulation. 6th Edition, S.B.University ,Press, 2001.

2 J. Sambrook and D.W. Russel; Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Vols 1-3, CSHL, 2001.

3 Brown TA, Genomes, 3rd ed. Garland Science 2006

4 Clark DP and Pazdernik NJ. (2009). Biotechnology: Applying the Genetic Revolution. Elsevier Academic Press, USA

List of Practical

1 Use of SNP databases at NCBI and other sites.

2 Use of OMIM database.

3 Detection of Open Reading Frames using ORF Finder.

4 Proteomics 2D PAGE database.

5 To Perform SDS-PAGE.

6 Demonstration of Western blotting.

7 Protein structure determination using RASMOL software.

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BELE6BIS Subject Name Biostatistics



L TU P TW

Credit 02 -- -- 02 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 02 -- - - 02 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Graduates will learn to use mathematical statistics to study and work towards improving human health.

This course will help the students to carry out the study based on three basic principles of experimental statistics like randomization, replication and errors in designing research experiments.

Graduates will understand about the development and applications of statistical methods to design biological experiments, collection and analyses of data and interpretation of results.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - History, Scope, Organization of Statistics in Biological research, Types of Data, Collection of data: Primary & Secondary data, Classification,Organization and Presentation of Statistical data.

- Measures of central tendency and Dispersion. Measures of Skewness and Kurtosis.

15

2 - Methods of sampling, confidence level, critical region, Testing of hypothesis and standard error, large sample test and small sample test.

- Problems on test of significance, t-test, chi-square test for goodness of fit and analysis of variance (ANOVA).

15

Reference Books

1 Biostatistics :Veerbala Rastogi

2 Danial W (2004) Biostatistics : A foundation for Analysis in Health Sciences, John Wiley and Sons Inc.

3 Biostatistics analysis: Forrth Jerrold H zar

4 Research Methodology: C.R.kothari

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BELE6IPR Subject Name Intellectual Property Rights



L TU P TW

Credit 02 -- -- 02 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 02 -- - - 02 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Graduates will help in the understanding of patents, examples of patents granted to new as inventions, trademarks, copyright, different types of intellectual property rights.

Graduates will know how to protect creations of innovative inventions,literary and novel products to benefit their work.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - Introduction to Intellectual Property: Introduction to Indian Patent Law. Types of IP: Patents, Trademarks, Copyright & Related Rights, Industrial Design, Traditional Knowledge, Geographical Indications, Protection of New GMOs; International framework for the protection of IP.

- IP as a factor in R&D; IPs of relevance to Biotechnology and few Case Studies. - Introduction to GATT, WTO, WIPO and TRIPS and its related intellectual property

provisions.

15

2 - Basic of Patents: Types of patents; Indian Patent Act 1970; Recent Amendments; Filing of a patent application; Precautions before patenting-disclosure/non-disclosure; WIPO Treaties; Budapest Treaty; PCT and Implications; Role of a Country Patent Office; Procedure for filing a PCT application.

- Patent application- forms and guidelines, fee structure, time frames; Types of patent applications: provisionaland complete specifications

15

Suggested for reading important Link

1 www.w3.org/IPR

2 www.ipr.co.uk/IP_conventions/patent_cooperation_treaty

3 www.patentoffice.nic.in

4 www.iprlawindia.org/31k-Cached - Similar page

http://www.w3.org/IPR

http://www.patentoffice.nic.in/

GANPAT UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF SCIENCE




Subject code BELE6PDI Subject Name Plant Diversity



L TU P TW

Credit 02 -- -- 02 Theory 40 60 100

Hours 02 -- - - 02 Practical 40 60 100

Learning Outcome:

Graduates will get to know about the economic importance of flowering plants.

Graduateswill help in the understanding about the species richness and how it will contribute to increase biodiversity and conservation.

Theory syllabus

Unit Content Hrs

1 - General character, classification and economic importance. Life history of algae belonging to various family: Chlorophyceae Xanthophyceae, Phaeophyceae,Rhodophyceae.

- General characters, classification & economic importance,Life history of Fungi, Classification, general structure, and economic importance of Lichens.

- Plant diseases: Causal organism, symptoms and control of following plant diseases: Rust & Smut of Wheat, White rust of Crucifers, Late blight of Potato,Red rot of Sugarcane, Citrus Canker,Viral disease of tobacco.

15

2 - General characters, classification & economic importance of Bryophytes, Life histories of following Bryophytes: Marchantia, Funaria.

- General characters, classification & economic importance of Pteridophytes, Life histories of following Pteridophyte: Marsilea, Affinities with bryophytes & gymnosperms, study of fossil Pteridophytes – Rhynia.

- General characters, classification & economic importance of Gymnosperms, Life histories of following gymnosperms :Cycas &Gnetum.

- Geological time scale, theories of fossil formation, types of fossils, fossil gymnosperms.

15

Reference Books

1 Sambamurty 2008 A Textbook of Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Paleobotany. IK International Publishers.

2 Bhatnager, S.P. and Moitra, A. 1996 Gymnosperms. New Age International (P) Ltd. Publishers, New Delhi.

3 Agrios, G.N. 1997 Plant Pathology, 4th edition, Academic Press, U.K.

4 Bold, H.C. & Wayne, M.J. 1996 (2nd Ed.) Introduction to Algae.

faculty of science teaching and examination scheme … · subject code bbit6pbt subject name plant...

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