faculty of science - maharaja sayajirao … chemistry at padra... · or the central board of...

13
FACULTY OF SCIENCE PROSPECTUS AND ADMISSION GUIDELINES THREE YEAR GRADUATE PROGRAM IN SCIENCE (2017-20) BSc Chemistry High Payment Programme at M.K. Amin Arts & Science College and College of Commerce, Padra, District Vadodara. THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA VADODARA-390002, GUJARAT, INDIA

Upload: buitruc

Post on 30-Jul-2018

220 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

FACULTY OF SCIENCE PROSPECTUS AND ADMISSION GUIDELINES

THREE YEAR GRADUATE PROGRAM IN SCIENCE (2017-20)

BSc Chemistry High Payment Programme at

M.K. Amin Arts & Science College and College of

Commerce, Padra, District Vadodara.

THE MAHARAJA SAYAJIRAO UNIVERSITY OF BARODA

VADODARA-390002, GUJARAT, INDIA

Page 2: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

Chancellor

RAJMATA SHUBHANGINIDEVI GAEKWAD

Vice Chancellor

PROF. PARIMAL VYAS

Dean Principal

PROF. A. C. SHARMA DR.T.S PRABHU

Faculty of Science M.K. Amin Arts & Science

College and College of Commerce,

Padra.

Website: www.msubaroda.ac.in

MISSION STATEMENT

Vision and mission as perceived by

H. H. Majaraja Sayajirao Gaekwad-III

“The progress of a nation requires that its people

should be educated. Knowledge is a necessity of man.

It instills in him a desire to question and to investigate,

which leads him on the path of progress.Education, in

the broadest sense, must be spread everywhere.

Progress can only be achieved by the spread of

education. Cooperation is necessary to achieve

any worthy end and this readiness to

cooperate will not be found in people

if they are not educated.

Page 3: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

India’s internationally renowned The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda has blossomed from

the Baroda College which is one of the oldest centers of learning in western India. The Maharaja

Sayajirao University of Baroda is the only state university with a residential, unitary character having

English as sole medium of instruction. Faculty of Science is a constituent institution of The Maharaja

Sayajirao University of Baroda under its direct management and control. Faculty began as an integral part of

Baroda College which was founded by Late His Highness Sir Sayajirao Gaekwad of Baroda in the year

1881. He also started the Sayaji Jubilee Institute in 1933 and housed all science subjects under it.

Foundation stone of Sayaji Jubilee institute was laid by Sir Daniel Rufus Isaacs, then Viceroy and Governor

General of India in 1926. The efforts of establishing a Residential University at Baroda was initiated by

Maharaja Sayajirao in 1908, but it became a reality only during the rule of Late His Highness Pratapsinhrao

Gaekwad. The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda came into existence on 30th April 1949. Through the

constitution of the University all the science departments were reconstituted as Faculty of Science.The

Faculty of Science steadily made significant strides in various disciplines of science and attracted students

from all over India and from other countries. It soon developed into a cosmopolitan center of education. The

growth of the faculty thus amply complimented the pioneering efforts of the great visionary, Maharaja

Sayajirao, who had taken great pains to improve science education.

The faculty offers courses leading to BCA, B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degrees. B. Sc. (Hons.) is offered in

Botany, Chemistry, Geography, Geology, Mathematics, Physics, Statistics, Zoology, Bachelor of Computer

Applications and Bachelor of Environment Sciences and 5 year integrated MSc in Cell and Molecular biology

with exit policy after BSc.

B.Sc. (Honors) PROGRAMME

This is a graduate degree programme of three years (six semesters) duration and comprises of 144 credits.

Each year will be divided into two semesters.

Graduate Course at Shri M.K. Amin Arts & Science College and College of Commerce, Padra

BSc (Hons) Chemistry in High Payment Fee Categoryis offered at M.K. Amin Arts & Science

College and College of Commerce, Padra (Padra Campus), District Vadodara Under Faculty

of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara.

M.K. Amin Arts & Science College and College of Commerce, Padra was established in the year 1965. It was so far catering students from Arts and Commerce Faculty only. From academic year 2017-18 BSc (Hons) in Chemistry is being offered in High Payment Fee Category.

CREDIT SYSTEM

A student of B.Sc. (Hons.) Programme, under Choice Based Credit System, is required to choose three

types of courses viz., Core (Principal and Subsidiary) courses, Elective courses and Foundation courses.

Core (Principal) subject is the subject in which the student will be awarded B. Sc. (Hons.) degree after

successfully earning 144 credits. A theory course requiring instructions of 1 hour per week per semester is

considered as ONE CREDIT theory course. In case of practical course, ONE CREDIT requires 2 hours’

laboratory teaching per week per semester.

MISSION STATEMENT

Vision and mission as perceived by

H. H. Majaraja Sayajirao Gaekwad-III

“The progress of a nation requires that its people

should be educated. Knowledge is a necessity of man.

It instills in him a desire to question and to investigate,

which leads him on the path of progress.Education, in

the broadest sense, must be spread everywhere.

Progress can only be achieved by the spread of

education. Cooperation is necessary to achieve

any worthy end and this readiness to

cooperate will not be found in people

if they are not educated.

Page 4: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

CREDIT DISTRIBUTION

Semester Core courses Elective Foundation Total

Principal Subsidiary

I 8 8 4 4 24

II 8 8 4 4 24

III 8 8 4 4 24

IV 8 8 4 4 24

V 20 0 2 2 24

VI 24 0 0 0 24

Total 76 32 18 18 144

Grand Total 108 18 18 144

ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA

1. A candidate should have passed the qualifying examination with A (Mathematics), B (Biology) or AB

(Mathematics and Biology) group from the Gujarat Higher Secondary Examination Board (GHSEB)

or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under

Indian CBSE program) or the Council of Indian School Certificate Examination (ISC), National Institute

of Open Schooling (NIOS) or an equivalent board.

2. A candidate who has passed the qualifying examination after appearing in the supplementary

examination conducted by the GHSEB shall also be eligible for admission in the current academic year

based on availability of seats. Their admission will be scheduled separately after their results are

declared. Admission dates will be declared on the University website and in the newspapers.

3. The average of FOUR SEMESTER theory marks of three science subject only will be considered

for eligibility. In case of other states where ANNUAL SYSTEM still exists, 12th std. marks of

three science subject only will be considered for eligibility.

For students of AB group, if they are desirous to take admission to A group subjects, they should fill

up Mathematics, Chemistry and Physics theory marks in the application and those who are desirous to

take admission to B group subjects should fill up Biology, Chemistry and Physics theory marks in the

application. Marks of Computer subject as one of the three subjects is NOT accepted.

4. Minimum Eligibility marks for students of different categories (four semester average of three

science subjects theory):

Page 5: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

Region General SC/ ST# SEBC@ Physically

Handicapped**

Vadodara District 40% PASS 35% 37%

Other Districts of Gujarat 50% PASS 45% 47%

Other States and Union Territories 60% PASS ----- 57%

#, @, ** See details in Instructions to students

5. Government of Gujarat rules for the reservation quota will be observed in admission for SC/ ST/

SEBC/ Physically handicapped/ Defence person/Sports person etc.

6. Allocation of seats for the students from Vadodara district, other districts of Gujarat and from other states

of India will be as per the University rules.

7. In case of students with second or more attempts, 2% marks per attempt will bededucted from four

semester average of three science subjects theory marks. Thus, final marks after any such deductions

should be considered for eligibility.

8. Those students who have more than ONE year of gap should produce an affidavit by a notary stating

actual reasons of their gap and whether they were enrolled in any course programme in this or any

other university. The affidavit should be attached with the application at the time of ON the Spot

Admissions.

9. There will be NO requirement for minimum percentage of marks in the qualifying examination in case of

scheduled castes (SC) and scheduled tribes (ST) students. However, SC and ST students should

have passed the qualifying examination.

10. The Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) students of Gujarat state only will be

considered in this category. They must produce non creamy layer certificate from competent

authority of Government of Gujarat.

11. The SC and ST students of other than Gujarat state should produce a certificate, at the time of

admission, from competent authority of Government of Gujarat stating that the caste/ tribe is

recognized under SC/ ST category in Gujarat also.

12. Admission to BSc (Hons) in subjects like Botany, Chemistry, Geography, Geology, Mathematics,

Physics, Statistics & Zoology in Regular andin High Payment Fee Category and to Bachelor of

Computer Applications, Bachelor of Environmental Sciences and 5 Year Integrated Course in

Cell and Molecular Biology in High Payment Fee Category are offered at Faculty of Science,

Vadodara (Vadodara Campus) Please check separate prospectus of the course at

www.msubaroda.ac.in

13. Those students who wish to apply for Chemistry (High Payment - HP- Fee) at Padra

Campus and simultaneously for Chemistry (Regular -R- Fee) or other subjects at the

Vadodara Campus, should fill up two separate online applications; one for Padra

Campus and one for Vadodara Campus.

Page 6: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

14. Those students who are admitted at Padra Campus will not be given transfer to Vadodara

Campus in same or other subject once their admission is confirmed. However, following the

admissions of Engineering, Medical and Other Professional Courses, during RESHUFFLING at

Faculty of Science, their application will be considered for change of admission from Padra

Campus to Vadodara Campus (Chemistry HP Fee to R Fee or Chemistry HP Fee to other subject

HP Fee or R fee).

15. Students who get admission at both the Campuses, has the choice to cancel one of

her /his admission.

ADMISSION PROCEDURE FOR

BSc (Hons) Chemistry in High Payment Programme 2017-20

Last date for submitting online application is 21-06-2017

Entrance Exam is NOT conducted; NO Merit List is prepared or displayed

Program for On the Spot Admission to FSBSC-I (Hons) 2017-20

Day and Date

Reporting Time

Percentage of Four Semester (or One Year) Average of Science Theory

Subjects Only

Category and place from passed HSC

Saturday 24-06-2017

2 pm 60% and Above SC/ST from V, G, OG

SEBC from V, G GEN from V, G, OG

3 pm

45% to 59.9% SC/ST from V, G, OG SEBC from V, G

GEN from V, G, OG

40% to 44.9% SC/ST from V, G, OG SEBC from V GEN from V

4 pm

Remaining Eligible SEBC Students (up to 35% marks)

SEBC from V

Remaining Eligible SC/ ST students (12th Std. Pass)

SC/ ST from V, G, OG

SC: Schedule Caste, ST: Schedule Tribe, SEBC: Socially and Economically Backward Class,

Page 7: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

GEN: General, V: Vadodara District, G: Other Districts of Gujarat and OG: Outside Gujarat.

If the student remains absent as per the schedule, his/her admission will then be

considered as per the seat availability at the time when they report for admission on

24-06-2017.

1. Students can initiate the form filling process however, should incorporate required marks

after the declaration of results and then only SUBMIT the form. Please visit the M S

university of Baroda website for details about last date of submitting the online forms and the

application form fees.

2. Counselling/ guidance will be available to the candidates before and on the day of

admission. The students and parents are encouraged to consult Heads/ teachers of

various departments beforehand for further details.

3. On the basis of their subject group in H.S.C. (i.e. A, B or AB) candidate has to select

three types of courses namely: a) Core (Principal and Subsidiary), b) Elective and c)

Foundation.

4. Core courses are selected in the form of Core (Principal Subject) and Core (Subsidiary).

Core (Principal) is the subject in which the B.Sc. (honors) degree will be awarded.

5. Core (Subsidiary) is an allied subject which student will learn for first four semesters. Each of

the Principal/Subsidiary subjects consists of a set of predefined courses.

6. Candidate is also required to select one Elective course of 4 credits and 2 Foundation

courses of 2 credits each per semester till fourth semester (refer Tables 1 and 2).

7. Allotment will be based on the availability of the seats in the respective subject/ course

purely on merit of the result of qualifying examination.

8. Candidate has to take new foundation courses from the pool in each Semester.

9. The admission to the course is PURELY TEMPORARY and subjected to various

scrutiny till the unique Permanent Registration Number (PRN) of the candidate is

generated.

10. If the information provided by the candidate is incorrect or if any unfair practice is followed or

the candidate is unable to submit any of the required certificates in the stipulated time period,

Page 8: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

his/ her admission is liable to cancellation.

SEAT DISTRIBUTION

Total 120 seats are offered in BSc (Hons) Chemistry at Padra Campus. This will

be divided into 60 seats for A Group students and 60 seats for B group

students.

SUBJECT SELECTION

A student will choose Core ( Principal & Subsidiary) subjects from possible combinations

listed below. Course selections should be in such a way that none of the subject of course is

repeated in whole selection.

Core Subjects Elective Subjects Foundation Subjects

Principal (any one Subject) 8 Credits

Subsidiary (any one Subject) 8 Credits

Any one subject 4 Credits

Any combination of two courses of 2 credits each, total 4 credits

Group A or AB subjects

Chemistry Mathematics Physics

Physics Mathematics Statistics

a. Disaster Management and Foundation in Management OR b. Radiation Physics and Physical Education

Group B or AB subjects

Chemistry Botany Zoology Physics

Botany Zoology Physics

Communication skill and Environmental Science

Biochemistry / Microbiology will be offered as elective courses to Chemistry core

(Prin.) subject students in 3rd and 4th semester only to limited students on the basis of

1st and 2nd semester core credit points.

FEE STRUCTURE (For Semester I and II)

Page 9: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

For Higher Payment Seats: Girls and Boys: 38980.00 per annum

Fee is subject to revision by the University time to time.

B. Sc. EVALUTION SCHEME

A. Theory: There will be mid-semester and end-semester examinations

1. All mid-semester exam of B. Sc. Courses will be conducted by respective departments.

However, they will be centrally coordinated by the faculty examination cell.

2. Mid-semester marks will have 30% weightage and will be carried forward in case of ATKT

while End-semester marks will have 70% weightage. The marks obtained in mid & end

semester examination will be taken into account for deciding the final grade of the course.

3. Examination papers will contain 40% objective questions and 60% subjective questions

B. All Practical courses will have continuous evaluation

GRADE POINT SYSTEM A system comprising of 7 grade points (4 to 10) is followed for evaluating students in every

course as shown below. Both mid-semester and end-semester exams are counted for final grade points.

Grade Points Description Percentage of Marks Division/Grade Range

10 Outstanding 90% - 99% First / O Above 9.01

9 Excellent 80% - 89% First / A 8.01 – 9.00

8 Very Good 70% - 79% First / B 7.01 – 8.00

7 Good 60% - 69% First / C 6.01 – 7.00

6 Fair 50% - 59% Second / D 5.01 – 6.00

5 Average 40% - 49% Pass / E 4.01 – 5.00

4 – 0 Dropped Below 40% F Below 4.00

Grade Point Average = ∑ (Credit X Grade Point) / Total Credits AWARD OF CLASS: Marks-sheets of semester I to V will not indicate a class. It will simply indicate a result as either Pass or Dropped.

CGPA Class

CGPA < 4 Dropped

4 > CGPA ≤ 5 Pass Class

5 > CGPA ≤ 6 2nd Class

6 > CGPA ≤ 7 1St Class

CGPA > 7 Distinction

Where Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) is computed as CGPA = ∑ (Semester credits X GPA) / Total Semester Credits Here the sum is taken over from Semester-I to Semester-VI

CRITERION FOR B. Sc. (HONORS) DEGREE AWARD

Page 10: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

For obtaining B. Sc. (honors) degree in any subject, a candidate has to earn 144 credits in all during the B. Sc. Programme consisting of six semesters.

INSTRUCTIONS TO THE APPLICANTS

Last date for submitting online application is 21-06-2017

1. No correspondence will be entertained in the matter of admission.

2. A copy of the online submitted and duly signed application form (available from

website http://www.msubaroda.ac.in or htpp://msub.digitaluniversity.ac.in) needs to be

produced at the time of the spot admission.

3. Self-attested copies of the following certificates should be attached with the application: i. H. S. C. (12th Science) or equivalent mark sheet ii. School Leaving Certificate/ Transfer Certificate (for the proof of birth date) iii. SC/ ST caste certificate/SEBC caste and non-creamy layer certificate /

physically handicap/ Defence person/ sports person certificate, as applicable. 4. The SC and ST students of other than Gujarat state should produce a certificate from competent

authority of Government of Gujarat stating that their caste/ tribe is recognisedunder SC/ ST

category in Gujarat state also.

5. The students of SEBC category are required to produce non creamy layer certificate from

competent authority of Government of Gujarat.

6. The physically handicapped student should produce a recent certificate of Civil Surgeonstating

the type of disability, extent (%) of disability and state (Progressive/ non progressive) of disability.

Only those students who have minimum 40% disability are eligible to be considered for the

relaxation in eligibility criteria.

7. The sports persons who have participated at State/ National/ International level should

authenticate their certificates from the Director, Physical Education Faculty, University Pavilion, The

Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara. They will be granted relaxation ineligibility

criteria only if their certificates are approved and validated.

Note: All original documents are to be produced while securing admission; the

originaldocuments will be RETURNED once provisional admission is granted. Later on student

will have to submit original certificates for enrolment of the candidate and generation of unique

PRN.

8. The admissions will be strictly based on the merit. Just fulfilling theeligibility criteria DOES NOT

Competent authority of Government of Gujarat for means:

For SC/ST students: ANY ONE of(a) The Collector, (b) The Prant Officer, (c) The Mamlatdar,

(d) The Mahalkari from Gujarat, (e) The Director of Social Welfare and

For SEBC students: ANY ONE of (a) The Collector, (b) The District Development Officer, (c) The Dy. Collector/ The Asstt Collector, (d) The Dy. District Development Officer, (e)The Mamlatdar, (f) The Taluka Development Officer, (g) The Mahalkari from Gujarat, (h) The Director of Social Welfare, (i) The District Social Welfare Officer.

Page 11: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

GUARANTEE admission.

9. The admission to the course is PURELY TEMPORARY and subjected to various scrutiny till

the unique Permanent Registration Number of the candidate is generated.

10. If the information provided by the candidate is incorrect or if any unfair practice is followed or

the candidate is unable to submit any of the required certificates in the stipulated time period,

his/ her admission is liable to cancellation.

11. For subjects like Botany, Environment Science, Geography, Geology and Zoology FIELD

VISITS are COMPULSORY. The field visit duration in Sem V/ Sem VI is generally 5-10 days.

12. Chemistry in High Payment Fee Category is offered at M.K. Amin Arts & Science College

and College of Commerce, Padra (Padra Campus), District Vadodara under Faculty of

Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara.

13. Those students who desire to take the admission to Chemistry in High Payment Fee Category

should fill up separate online application for this.

14. For any other BSc course offered at Faculty of Science (Vadodara Campus) student has to fill

up only one online application form.

15. Those students who wish to apply for Chemistry (High Payment - HP- Fee) at Padra Campus

and simultaneously for Chemistry (Regular -R- Fee) or other subjects at the Vadodara

Campus, should fill up two separate online applications; one for Padra Campus and other for

Vadodara Campus.

16. Those students who are admitted at Padra Campus will not be given transfer to Vadodara

Campus in same or other subject during the study duration once their admission is

confirmed. However, following the admissions of Engineering, Medical and Other Professional

Courses, during RESHUFFLING at Faculty of Science, their application will be considered for

change of admission from Padra Campus to Vadodara Campus (Chemistry HP Fee to R Fee or

Chemistry HP Fee to other subject HP Fee or R fee).

17. Students who get admission at both the Campuses, has the choice to cancel one of her/his

admission.

18. For admissions at M.K. Amin Arts & Science College and College of Commerce, Padra

please check the prospectus at www.msubaroda.ac.in

CHEMISTRY COURSE STRUCTURE FOR FIRST YEAR B. Sc.

FSBSC-I Core-I Chemistry-I – (3 Cr) Chemistry-II – (2 Cr) Practical – (3 Cr)

SSBSC-I Core-I Chemistry-III – (3 Cr) Chemistry-IV – (2 Cr) Practical – (3 Cr)

Page 12: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

Maintenance of Stipulated Attendance of Students

(Ordinance 183)

The following shall be the minimum attendance necessary:

In a semester an overall attendance of at least 75% of the number of

lectures delivered and tutorials, seminars etc. arranged in all subjects,

provided the total attendance in each of the subjects offered is at least 60%.

AND

In a semester an overall attendance of at least 80% of the days allotted for

practical classes and laboratory work in each subject.

Note: The information contained in this prospectus is for general guideline only

and is subject to change from time to time by the University Prof. A. C. Sharma

Dean, Faculty of Science,The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara – 390002, Gujarat, India

Ph: 0265 2795329 (office) Website: www.msubaroda.ac.in , E-mail: [email protected]

GENERAL RULES GOVERNING THE CONDUCT OF STUDENTS IN THE UNIVERSITY

1. A student must do nothing either inside or outside the University that will interfere with

its orderly working and discipline.

2. This comprehensive rule covers most cases that are likely to arise. It forbids:

a. Impolite or unseemly behaviour in classroom or University premises during working

hours of the

College and the Faculty.

b. Attempt to persuade other students to abstain themselves from regular classes.

c. Damage to or defacement of University furniture, fittings and property.

d. Disobedience of notifications or instructions issued by the Principals/Deans/Heads

of the Departments and Members of the staff duly authorized.

3. As per UGC regulation, stipulated attendance (Ordinance 183) is required for permitting

students to appear for final examination. If unavoidably absent on account of health,

urgent private affairs or other reasons, they must be prepared to state the exact reason

for absence.

4. Students are expected to behave with courtesy towards the members of the staff, their

fellow students and all visitors to the Institution.

5. Sexual harassment will lead to severe punishments like suspension, rustication from the

University / College/ Institution. Disciplinary action is as prescribed under The M. S.

University of Baroda rules.

6. Ragging is prohibited on MSU Campus, ragging is a criminal offence and is liable to

severe punishment, including suspension, rustication and imprisonment.

Page 13: FACULTY OF SCIENCE - Maharaja Sayajirao … Chemistry at Padra... · or the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) (from India or from other country covered under Indian CBSE

“The full-blown lotus growing out of the lake symbolises the emergence of

the mind and its triumph over matter. The flame rising from the center of

the lotus is the flame of the human knowledge, spreading light and

learning for the coming generations. The motto inscribed below the lotus

defines the purpose and existence of life which is love of beauty,

goodness and intellectual curiosity.”