FACTIONISM “Factionism” is neither contagious nor spontaneous. In the modern

world of speed and speedy downfall of human, social, ethical values

insecurity and pessimism is the seed out of which this “factionism” took its

life breath. Terrifying the surroundings and bringing them under the control

is “factionism”. Irrational anger, placidity in thought, complacence in nature

warns “I” to be away only to be safe by oneself. Many may tell the world

has become smaller and is now a global village.

However, the distance between human souls is beyond measure.

“Factionism” is not a worldwide phenomenon when compared to that of

India in general and Andhra Pradesh in particular. Many historical,

geographical and even political factors have interwoven this social disease

Factionism. Now it is deep rooted and strongly erected in a way throwing

challenges to the modern democrats. Is it because of the immeasurable

freedom that is given to the people? Is it because of the loose-composition

of legal law?

Poverty is the hindrance of economy of any country beyond doubt.

However, the peculiarity lies in India. Here poverty is the intensive power

on which the anti-social elements capitalize on. Poor illiterate people are the

physical strength of a factionist. These people want to meet their fingers to

mouth and obviously fall a prey to their caretakers. Those caretakers too

have to rely on the innocent people whose minds are hypnotized and filled

with rage and violence. Their mindsets are tuned and mended to meet the

requirements of their remotes-the leaders-the factionists.

It is not quite astonishing these people live only to carry on the orders

of their remotes at the cost of their own lives including their families.

Factionism is neither an asset nor a liability yet it is transferred like a legacy

from one generation to another. It is not a power but slavery. Slavery in

sense slavery to a social hysteria called factionism. They believe not, in “live

and let live”, they follow “to live only not to let their target live”. Mortal

people make the factionism immortal by making themselves fuel and their

lives propel.

RAYALASEEMA Rayalaseema consists of four districts & it is the geographical centre

located on the southern part of Andhra Pradesh. Though Andhra Pradesh is

formed based on the language, the dialectal variations split the state further

into Telangana, Coastal Andhra & Rayalaseema. Terrorism is an

international phenomenon. Naxalism, Radicalism, Communal riots &

violence have become inseparable from the public life & have been throwing

a challenge to the government.

Though it is difficult whether violence polluted politics or vice versa.

The rivalry in politics results in Groupism, faction leading to murders &

loot. There must be an end for this unrest. A day should come to see faction

only in the books of history.

Once, Srikrishnadevaraya ruled this Rayalaseema. People sold many

precious stones pouring those heaps on the roadside. Therefore, this

Rayalaseema is called “The land of Diamonds and precious stones” History

tells people lived in peace and prosperity. Great people took birth in this soil.

They not only preached but also practiced virtuous lives.

They knew the value of life and worth of living. It is clearly seen in

the works of those writers. Such a great land Rayalaseema is a land of

violence now. Human values are crushed down and buried deep.

Generosity, compassion, tolerance, the life giving value based lives are blur

and almost away from regular life. However, people are living.

Yes, they are living amidst these faction groups making their minds

blunt and inert. The minds never think the happenings around. Because,

they are afraid though not to condemn even to think of the faction. Is it

democracy? Is there protection to common person? Is there any machinery

working to curb this? Unless change comes in the minds of people, neither

the law nor the teachings can change the faction thrill.

Indians are poor but not India. This is the apple of the business eye.

Multination companies from the Far East stepped into India in the name of

trade. Then India was under the rule of many Indian kings. The natural ego

disparities and supremacy paved a way to common rivalry amongst them.

This phenomenon became an advantageous weapon to the non-Indian

traders. They followed “divide and rule”. Religion, culture and language

added fuel to fire called internal wars and the fragmented India in course of

time slipped into the hands of British.

Indian culture is the unbreakable bond which has been keeping Indian

kingdoms, people united even under odds. Unity in diversity is the unique

characteristic of India.

Political scenario in free India after 80s worsens the condition of

morality, ethics and values. It has become the political struggle for

existence. Birds of same feather flock together. Enemy’s enemy is a friend.

Thus, an unbreakable strong wall stood between two groups. Many small

groups merged into either of the major ones.

They run a parallel government in various local areas. In order to

sustain their crushing threatening power, they indulged in violence. The

growing needs of the growing gangs grabbed handful of ways to make

money. This include settlements, land mafia, smuggling. Ultimately, the

lower cadre of the gang has to do all these things to satisfy their chieftain.

Chief looks after the needs of their subordinate’s families.

Thus, the bond has become stronger and stronger day by day and has

reached the state of indivisible. They loot houses, robbed and murdered the

opponent mercilessly.

This violence has its roots in the past. Historical evidences prove that

in the reign of Sri Krishnadevaraya, the authority of the village chieftain

existed. They are the feudal leaders with power and authority appointed by

the king. Their duty was to collect revenue from the people belonging to a

cluster of villages and to remit to the treasury of the king.

There was an unbridgeable gap between the common and the king.

That became advantageous to the chieftains. They started to torture the

people for revenues. Thus, these chieftains became the local rulers. They

used their power to suppress the people. People tried to be in the good

books of these chieftains and nodded their heads in agreement of all nasty

decisions of the local rulers.

They were known as “palegallu” in Rayalaseema, which means those

who rule. They even maintained groups to accompany them while they were

on collection of revenue either to the treasury or for themselves. As there

was a wide gap between the king and the people, the actual suffering of the

people did not reach the king.

Therefore, they were afraid of the local rulers. Now and then, these

local rulers used to fight among themselves for the expansion of their

authority, income and revenue.

There were nearly hundred chieftains in Bellary, Kurnool,

Ananthapuram, Cuddapah, Chittoor and Prakasam Districts. All of them

maintained Groups and even artillery. Therefore, they were in need of

money to spend on these things. The only source left for them was the

village folk. These chieftains competed with one another to fall in the good

looks of the king. Therefore, they worked as liaison officers between the

king and other local leaders.

They even managed to extend their co-operation to the king during

times of war. Slowly, the kings disappeared with the emergence of the

British. Then, few of these chieftains became the subordinates to the British

to safeguard their incomes and power. Few fell a prey to their presentations

and few on their eulogy. British gave them some remuneration and kept

them under their control.

Few of these local rulers left their footprints on the sands of future.

They fought on behalf of their people with the British. Few sacrificed their

lives. The patriotic fervor shielded them from threatening and bribing. Those

names and their lives are indelible on the pages of Indian Freedom Struggle.

Forts under the rule of few local rulers.

1. Ananthapuram 2. Rayadurgam

3. Ballari 4. Kamalapadu

5. Nasanakota 6. Kokkanti

7. Gurramkonda 8. Jammalamadugu

9. Tadipatri 10.Udiripikonda

11.Pathikonda 12.Kosigi

LOCAL RULER – UYYALAVAADA Suitability of climatic conditions, abundant natural resources,

attracted many nations. Various nations from the Far East felt it profitable

to do trade with India. Thus, many religions started to come to India. They

mingled with the natives forming families. This intermingling increased the

quality of tolerance among Indians. Slowly India became a nation of multi

religion and multi culture. The number of languages in India too added to a

unique quality where no other nation possesses. All adapted to the Indian

culture with slight and negligible variation.

However, the British who entered India for trade, wanted to occupy

this nation. It was because of the wealth that India had had. Obviously, they

never thought that India was their motherland. The disparities among the

kings in India welcomed them with a red carpet. This made their plan

easier. Then, few of the local leaders under the kings of Kurnool, Cuddapah,

Ananthapuram, and Ballari became troublemakers by not paying the

collected amount. They started a parallel government in the local areas

under their control.

Keeping these problems in mind the Nawab of Nizam leased these

territories to the British. Many of the local rulers were against the will and

pleasure of the people. Few surrendered themselves to the British and

started their lives with the enjoyment of the honorarium provided by the

British. Still among the local rulers, there were different castes, which stood

on their way for a union. Few could not accept the supremacy of the British

over them. British arrested and put them in the jail of Gutti fort.

There is one ever-remembered personality by name Narasimha Reddy

of Nossam area. Jayaramireddy was the local ruler and was the head for 60

villages (Nossam). These villages extended from Jammalamadugu of

Cuddapah district to Koilkuntla of Kurnool. His ancestors had been in the

position since Vijayanagara kings. The ruling of the villages was hereditary

to his family and his turn came. He was a faithful leader and a ruler of

praise. He did not like the British ruling India.

He rebelled against them and they caught him. Nossam went under the

rule of British. His close relative by name Narasimha Reddy lived the

Nossam fort. He received the compensation from the British. Though he was

born in Esanagudi, he was brought up in Uyyalawada. Very few of the local

rulers fought with the British. Narasimhareddy was one amongst them. He

sacrificed his life for the sake of his people.

In 1846, a new Tahasildar by name Raghavachari was sent to Nossam

area. Then, Narasimhareddy was receiving the amount from the British. He

used to take it from the Tahsildar. As usual, he sent his faithful subordinate

by name Obaiah to collect the amount from the Tahasildar. The new

Tahsildar was unaware of the local honour and power of Narsimhareddy.

He called the local leader a beggar and Obaiah a beggar to another beggar.

These words of carelessness and negligence reached Narasimhareddy.

He lost his temperament and sent a letter informing that he would

remove the head of that Tahsildar within 12 hours and his treasury would be

looted. In addition, he threw a challenge to save his life. Narasimhareddy

took the help of Gosai Venkanna of Aakumalla village near Koilkuntla, and

Obaiah and a lightening attack and looted the treasury on 10 July 1846.

He removed the head of Raghavachari and got the head of Thomas,

the treasurer shaved and moved in the streets of the village. This filled

courage in the hearts of villagers. Thus, the fear of British has been

deteriorated in the public.

Narasimhareddy and his army were alert knowing the mentality of the

British. As suspected, Watson the warmonger attacked the Reddy’s fort.

Though the fort was partly damaged, he could not face the Reddy’s army. In

the combat, he lost one of his hands and ran away with defeat. Gosai

Venkanna advised Reddy to vacate the fort and move into under ground.

Reddy and his followers sheltered in Vanadurgam near Ahobila Narasimha

Swamy Shrine in Nallamala Forest.

Peter was a crooked forest Ranger. He was in Rudravaram near

Durgam. He killed a teenage girl the daughter of Jangam mallaiah a native

of Rudravaram. He was a follower of Reddy. Reddy promised him that he

would punish the Ranger. Peter’s head was sliced. This became the hot

cake like news in the local villages. Those villagers also became the

followers of Reddy. Agitation took momentum. Under the leadership of

British Army Captain Norton, Captain Russel of Kurnool, Kakrain the

collector, Joseph the Military commanding officer, Daniel the agent to the

governor announced Rs. 10,000 on the head of Reddy.

Sreenivasareddy, Tahasildar and Narsireddy the son of Rosireddy of

Duvvur conspired to capture Reddy. People sniffed it and they killed them

in the broad daylight. Day by day, the strength of Reddy was increasing and

the amount of threat to the British was equally increasing. Reddy’s network

included few army jawans in British army. It was believed that they used

feed the important information of the British to Reddy. Reddy instigated and

inspired the jagirdars, jamindars, and even nawabs. They too started to think

of the nation and patriotism was being injected in them.

Every dog has a day. Reddy’s brother by name Pedda Mallareddy

who boiling with vengeance against Reddy gave the information of his

brother to the British. As the network of Reddy was so strong, he came to

know about Mallareddy’s brutal plan. Simultaneously British attacked

Durgam and destroyed it. Reddy and few of his army moved to

Erramalakonda for shelter. Kakrain arrested Reddy’s wife and children and

took them to Lal Bunglow.

He threw a challenge to Reddy to relieve his wife and children if he

was so courageous. Reddy received the challenge and reacted in time. He

relieved his wife and children. They were injured. His injured wife wished

the agitation should be a successful one and passed away. Her death

ceremony was done in the secret place of his shelter. He realized that the

time has come to be in public to accelerate the movement. British army

attacked Reddy and his men and massacred all. Only Obaiah was able to

escape with life. Narasimhareddy was hanged to death. This is one of the

inspiring stories of patriotism.

GANG CULTURE Gang culture took its first breath from the local leadership. Those

were the days of “Village Munsiff, Reddy, and Karanam”. These people

enjoyed the power of authority. They continued the suppression in order to

keep the villagers under their grip. When N.T.R. was the chief minister, this

culture ended. However, the violence in the blood has been transfused.

Villagers were grouped. The group leader headed it. Villagers were forced

to be in one or the other group for their requirements and complaints.

The necessity of the people became advantageous to the leaders. It

has become ridiculous inseparable bond of the necessity and opportunity.

False prestige, competitiveness, increased the thirst of the expansion of the

individual groups. It became the struggle for existence for all the groups.

Village folk too enjoyed sharing the activities of the group and security.

GANG LEADERS

A tight bond prevailed between the members of the group. They used

to call each other with some relationship, which fastened their group further.

The group and its members shared all festivals, and auspicious and

inauspicious occasions. This created random sacrifice in the mind of

members. They were ready to die for the sake of their leader. Thus, those

leaders were able to impress their members.

They too were ready to do anything for their members. Therefore, no

individual was neutral. This was nothing but the unexposed fear of life and

living changed into a link in the chain of faction group. The leaders knew the

strength of the chain lies in its weakest link. Therefore, they were taking

precautious measures to keep them in tact by making him strong mentally.

Leaders treated their members better than that of their families.

PARTY

Those groups were called “Parties”. They were not political parties

but, faction parties (groups). In the tense villages or on the occurrence of

violence police pickets were staked. They were punitive stations. The

expenditure of station and their dearness allowances were collected from the

faction leaders of that locality or area. They might have thought that the

additional burden of money would change their mindsets. When they

register the cases, they used to refer them to farther courts.

The faction leaders used to bear the total expenditure of the cases.

They used to go to courts on foot, on bullock carts etc. Even the group

members shared the expenditure incurred in the courts and traveling. There

were leaders of faction who sacrificed their families, their properties, for the

sake of their prestige. This character we find hereditary. People had high

honour to the word given.

They lived as if their lives are meant to serve their leader. It may be

because of their poverty, illiteracy, craze for luxurious living etc. They were

brave, courageous, and even happily plunged into life sacrifice to their

group. They targeted the main opponents only. They were careful in their

riots. Other innocent people should not be hurt was their motto.

The amazing fact in their inhuman deeds was their human values

hidden in them. They stuck on to certain principles in their riots and violent

activities. Ethics and principles were strictly followed. May be the inherent

quality of Indians in their pre-dated wars was being reflected. Women on

both groups were kept aside from attacks. There was no evidence for their

rude behavior towards the women and children. Faction was in its

submissive facet of the hard core.

ELECTIONS

Political contestants never visit individual houses requesting for votes.

They visited the leader of one group and were able to assess the actual

number of votes they could get. The members proved their trust towards

their leaders by casting their votes to the person who the leader told. During

the polling if, any agent was not there in some booth, even the opponent

contestant used to pass on the information to his opponent.

That was an astonishing quality of those leaders. Leaders too extended

their help and cooperation to the faction leaders who helped them in their

elections. It was bilateral and mutual.

Gradually few of these leaders changed their attitudes. They thought

why should not they enter into politics instead of rendering their helping

hand to others and make them rulers. Political scenario gradually changed.

Local leaders started to move earth and heaven to become rulers. There

were leaders who came out of faction tried to serve the people with their

power and authority.

In the contemporary political scene many number of faction leaders

are in disguise of rulers (M.L.As, M.Ps ). They used all the vice practices to

win and grab the ruling seat. Distribution of liquor, rigging, and nabbing,

blackmailing, bribing, money disbursement became the common

phenomenon in the general elections. They enjoy guards from government.

While enjoying all the benefits from the government they are amassing

wealth beyond account.

The amount spent during the elections should be earned, and earn for

the next elections. Expansion of his group is given the priority. Political

image and position, authority and command, made their wealth making easy.

Favoritism basing on caste, religion, and relationship played important role.

They never tried to educate their group or followers. It may be because ruler

should not allow another ruler to grow under him.

MAKING OF GUNS AND BOMBS

They used to make the local guns and bombs. Every group has one or

two blacksmiths who are trusty worthy. They would be in charge of making

the guns. Within their permitted knowledge, they prepared bombs with

mixtures of glass pieces and dust, potash, iron pieces that are quite

dangerous when they blast as they pierce through the bodies.

Gradually, they made their bombs more powerful by using capes and

detonators. These were done in the houses. Many lost their lives owing to

the negligence in making the bombs. Blasting took place when the ratios

were wrong. Many lost their limbs and became handicapped. At times roofs

were too blown off and damaged the lives and properties.

Generally, these things took place in the fields farther to the villages.

When something unwanted occurred, they used to clear the place without

any evidence of the activity.

In the recent days, the same thing occurred in a political leader’s

house. Many lost their lives in the incident. They cleaned the area as if

nothing happened there, before the police arrived. Even the villagers were

hesitant to complaint. Police were helpless.

In the year 1988 at a village near Tadipatri, one of the groups hides

the bombs in a house fearing to the police search. There was a boy by name

Raghavanaidu. His age was 4 years then. After 22 years, coming from the

prison that group came to the village. He wanted to renovate his house.

When the walls were being removed, the hidden bombs blasted and he lost

both of his hands. There are number of stories like this.

CONTEMPORARY FACTION CULTURE The faction past and present are beyond comparison. Now it is used to

meet the selfish ends, to grab the power and authority, to amass wealth.

Modern faction is under the protected cover of government security and as

well as private security. Now the number of security and image creating

throngs have became a symbol of status. These faction leaders live in their

whims and fancies and crave to lead lives like that of dictators.

These dictators are camouflaged under the mask of democracy.

These leaders are the liaison links between the voters and voted, executed

and elected unions and capitalists. These leaders enjoy the sovereignty. It is

no more in the hands of the government or in the hands of the voters. The

government has become a puppet in the hands of the leaders. It is a vicious

circle. They too are in need of funds. Therefore, they occupied mines, sand,

trees etc, and the natural resources. Amassing the wealth through various

vice means gave them strength to expand their groups.

Obviously, the faction tendency has been deep rooted stood erect and

branched out. Contracts are in the hands of faction leaders or in the hands of

their subordinates.

Faction slowly changed into a passion of life to a sect of people.

Above all many have taken this an earning for their subsistence security for

their existence. For many cinema faction has become the nucleus. The

ultimate pleasure to the viewer is from the torture, violence, loot and

murders in cinema.

Samarasimhareddy, Chennakesavareddy, Narasimhanayuidu,

Rayalaseema Ramannachowadary are the replicas of faction and violence.

The stories are not fictions but are facts and real lives.

The followers name their leaders with that of cruel animals and with

their sounds. This eulogy is like intoxication to the leaders. To prove

themselves unto the praise of their followers they behave not better than

those animals. Thus, the human values have been vanished and the leaders

opened a new era with that of primitive man.

Political parties always try to suppress the opponent and to establish

their upper hand. Ruling party and the opposition party behave like rivals.

As nothing in the world is permanent except change, these political parties

also change their stand and the results vice versa. Even the Police Officers

known for their honesty are kept aside.

Many are transferred to other places and to other branches as soon as

there is a change in the seat of a leader in politics. Wherever their strength

has to be retained, they use to post their faithful police officer in order to

manage the filing the cases against their opponents. Those police too are

loyal not to the government but to the leader or leaders or a political party.

They no more do their duty as public servants. Police stations have become

the protective centers for the ruling parties. At times, they are taking the job

of mediation arbitration and settlements too.

They with all their power and authority try to reduce the income

sources of the opponent to make him depend on the ruling party. The one

killed now was a killer in the past and the one kills now will be killed

tomorrow. This cycle has strong links, which can never be shattered or

broken.

PRIVATE ARMIES Few abandoned organizations are creating havoc and public

insecurity. These organizations always hide from the police and live away

from social life. Whenever police and these antisocial elements come face

to face, firing breaks up. Many lose their lives. These organizations are

stick on to certain principles and they never swerve from them. They have

no opportunity to come into open to propagate their ideologies into public.

However, the unbearable thing is that of the few who have been

maintaining their private security (private army as they bear weapons).

Naxalism, radicalism and Maoism always oppose the government and are of

in total thirst of bloodshed. Even these hard nuts are tamed by the political

leaders and are being used in their private security / army. When the

opponents are killed, these shadow organizations attribute the murder for

themselves. They are underground. Police fail or delay in finding them. In

the meantime, actual culprit escapes from the crime and eventually plans for

another crime.

BLASTING THROUGH MODERN TECHNOLOGY

Revolutionary change in the technology changed the bomb-blasting

scenario. Bomb making locally has become obsolete and out dated. They

used the advanced technology and development of science for their brutal

motives. They started to prepare powerful bombs and mines and used them

on their rivals. The expertise of these things has been brought from the

leaders of the abandoned groups.

Most of these bombs were used in Rayalaseema in general and

Ananthapur in particular. Almost every family tells with shameless pride the

loss of their people. The blast of land mines in Tadipatri and Dharmavaram

are the major examples, which shook the common person. In an incident,

remote keeper of the land mine has lost his own life because of his lack of

knowledge in blasting. T.V bomb, Car bomb created threatening alarm to

peaceful life and living. Words fall less to push forth the treachery, violence

and agony in these blasts.

BLASTS IN PUBLIC PLACES

Faction is spreading faster than its control and remedial measures.

Many innocent people became the victims. No one can expect the blasts.

This may occur at any place at any time. Now this is baseless aimless and

without a particular target. There are some blasts to disturb the main life of

people. Generally, they keep these things in an unseen place like parks or

playgrounds.

The police rides are futile and cannot trace out them. In Tadipatri an

incident took place. Few children were playing without knowing the

difference between a ball and bomb took a bomb and started to play.

Suddenly there a blast and children were no more. The condition of their

parents is beyond imagination. In Kadiri one targeted their rival in a bus

stand. However, the rival escaped and three innocent people fell dead.

In Maddela Cheruvu village children anxiously gathered to watch the

new T.V. It blasted and those children lost their lives. Near the filmnagar

few journalists died in a car blast when they were on their duty. This was a

car blast. A political and his bodyguards were mercilessly put to death in the

party office.

Prime Minister Mr. Manmohan Singh and UPA Chairperson Mrs.

Sonia Gandhi visited Bandlapalle village in Ananthapur district to introduce

few welfare activities including guarantee of work. When they left, people

were returning from the meeting. Rival groups threw bombs and killed

many. Nothing could change the mindsets of these faction leaders and its

members. They could not quench their thirst of bloodshed, arson and

violence with the welfare activities that the governments are propagating.

This faction culture has become an inseparable one from life and incurable

throughout ages.

SOURCES OF INCOME

Money is the hub around which every thing revolves round.

Moneymaking is also an important activity for these faction leaders.

Agriculture, business units are unable to meet the growing expenditures of

the faction activities. The alternative methods are given importance. Real

estate, contracts and mines are the suitable substitutes for their earning for

illegal activities of faction.

The strength of faction leaders depends on the money. Small scale

and large-scale projects are in the hands of these faction leaders. Roads,

tolls, cement factories, iron and steel plants, mines, tenders for civil supplies,

electricity production projects, irrigation canals and liquor auctions etc are

the most preferred ones for their easy earning.

Faction leaders indulge in various activities. They keep the

moneymaking machinery in the hands of trusted and unidentified names to

hide themselves and to conceal their activities. Even the I.T. department

fails to identify the culprits of black money. They threaten the bidders in

tenders and they quote different tenders.

As all the tenders are from the same group with different names,

contracts are confirmed with their names, which in turn flow into the hands

of the faction leaders. Such confirmed contracts are sold out, leased out, or

settled with some percentage to others. It is an ever-easy way of

moneymaking.

In the private sector, these things are quite easy for the faction leaders.

The owners, engineers and other government officers are in the clutches of

the faction leaders. Members of the faction group entertain these things.

These faction leaders provide cars of same colour to the political leaders in

convoys to strengthen their identity and to be in the good books of the

leaders. They provide luxurious guesthouses in posh areas like Banjarahills

to the Political leaders.

They appointed few caretakers to look after their guesthouses. They

are ready to spend lavishly during the elections. They pay to the gangs to

capture booths and rigging. This indirectly falls on the public.

SETTLEMENTS

Settlements and its income are placed high. They create the necessity

of settlement where there is no such need. This settlement business entered

into cities like Hyderabad, Vizag, Bangalore and Tirupati. Now it is deep

rooted and branched out. The members are in constant search of lands within

the city limits or on out skirts. When they come across such land

immediately, they land in to dig out the facts of the land.

Even the negligible errors that moved in will be magnified. With the

power and authority, they threaten the landowner either through local

authorities or through his rivals. Then settlement conference is arranged in

which these leaders demand certain percentage in the land value. Where

ever necessary Local Police is influenced to support the faction leaders.

Landowners approach this land mafia for settlements. It is because of future

protection and security for their land and buildings.

Thus, in this democratic set up Autocracy is placed on the thrown.

People are no better than slaves are. These faction members enter into rented

houses and create problems to the owner by not paying rents. Tenants

become owners and sell the houses even without the knowledge of the

owners.

If it is questioned, murders and loot follows. At times leaders enter

into the litigation and settle the matter by forcing the owner to sell to a low

price to the tenant his follower. Innumerable number of incidents constantly

occurs under the faction leaders.

CABLE NET

It is not paradoxical to say that there is no house without T.V. This

serves as a permanent source of income. Therefore, these faction leaders

grabbed these cable connections in mandal levels. Their members maintain

this connection net work. This raised the curtain for local war between

groups. Always the powerful has the upper hand.

The ruling part leaders are also members in the cable net connections.

In some places, they are the sleeping partners. Local net work tussle changed

into political war. It is evident that many cable operators and its partners

have become the constant visitors of police stations and courts.

LIQUOR BUSINESS

Arrack, toddy and liquor are another important branch of earning.

Many faction leaders focused their view towards this business. They

invested and expanded their business, income and group too. Larger the

group greater the advantage during the elections was the aim of the faction

groups. In the year, the then Chief Minister N.T.Ramarao imposed 1994

prohibition. Later on, arrack is prohibited totally.

The demand for cheap liquor expanded. In the government tenders for

liquor shops, few of the faction leaders and members formed into syndicates

and sell liquor more than the MRP. Government could not control this

phenomenon. They grow to a stage to command and dictate terms to the

government. Because, they are the blessed ones in the hands of political

leaders where police and excise departments can do nothing. There are few

peculiar amalgamations take place among these rival faction groups.

In Rayalaseema, both the rival faction groups join hands in forming

syndicates to sell liquor at higher prices. Thus, the liquor selling has gone

into the hands of monopolists. Here we find no ethics but only money

earning. In addition, we find the clear-cut difference between those groups

of olden and the contemporary groups of now a day. When the ruling and

opposition parties join in robbing the public, the public has wonderstruck.

Here we find the aim of these faction groups is revenge on its minor part and

money making and grabbing the political power is the major part.

Youth has become puppets in the modern scenario of faction. They

too started settlements of land and are becoming part of land mafia. They

come across many people and their circle has been increasing making them

more and more powerful. They are ready to kidnap children, threaten the

rich, for want of money.

They are misleading the youth too. Youth become a part of faction

groups. They are settling the small and moderate land issues. They are the

real strength of the faction and political leaders as well. They are in

kidnapping children, rich people for want money. They are indulged in

murders and loot. Murderers from other places and are settling under the

safe guard of these faction groups and political leaders.

Thus, the society is not only filled with filth and insecurity, but also

polluted from root to fruit beyond cleansing.

Gangula narayanareddy Ex.MLA opponents 1-6-83

Anantapur

Umasankarreddy MLC opponents 25-12-84

Chittoor

Mahabaleswargupta MLA opponents 21-5-85 Kurnool

Sane Chennareddy MLA Naxalites 7-5-91

Anantapur

P.Sivareddy MLA opponents 7-8-93 Cuddapah

P.Venkatapathi Ex.Samithi

President

opponents 26-8-95

Ananthapur

Sehireddy Ex. MLA opponents 18-4-96 Kurnool

Y.S.Rajareddy YSR’s

father

opponents 23-5-98

Cuddapah

S.V.Ramanareddy +

another

Ex. MLA opponents 22-8-98

Ananthapur

Paritalaravindhra + MLA opponents 24-1-2005

Two more Ananthapur

Suryapratapreddy Ex. MLA opponents 18-4-2006

Ananthapur

Vaikuntam Sreemulu Ex.Samithi

President

opponents 18-11-2006

Kurnool

Kapatralavenkatappa

Naidu

Ex.

President

Mandal

opponents 17-5-2008

Kurnool

1. Landmines at Obulanayanapalle resulted in three lives in 1992 in

Ananthapur

2. T.V.Bomb took 5 lives at Maddelacheruvu on 24-10-93 in Ananthapur

3. Land mine took 8 lives at Chikkepalle in 1995 in Ananthapur

4. Landmine took 3 liv es on 1-7-97 at Vemulapadu in Ananthapur

5. Car bomb killed 26 people in Jublee hills in Hyderabad on 19-11-97.

FACTION AND ITS IMPACT

1. Once in a district in Rayalaseema one of the faction leaders was

traveling with his convoy on a metal road. There was an old lorry moving in

front of the convoy. The driver of the lorry could not hear the horn of the

convoy and was unaware of the cars coming behind him. When he observed

the convoy, he moved to his extreme left and gave way to the convoy. The

faction leader, who thought that he was second to none, burst in rage and

opened fire. The poor driver died on the spot in a pool of blood. Is this not

the result of faction?

2. Tadipatri is an MLA constituency located between Cuddapah and

Ananthapur districts. People believed there was a demon by name Tataki

lived in that area. She was known for her cruelty. That is why that area got

its name by the name of the demon. The army of Srikrishnadevaraya used to

put on tents in that area at the time of war. The dialect of that area is

different from that of Cuddapah and Ananthapur. Even the social culture in

that area was different. The people of that area were in the clutches of the

faction since a long time.

3. We don’t find tussle between castes. The main fight prevails between

two groups. Many in the groups have lost their properties to retain their

prestige. Now there are faction leaders who amassed wealth under the

faction cover. There is a political leader known for his simplicity and

nobility. He was elected continuously few decades ago, and wanders like an

ordinary citizen now. His name was Challa Subbarayudu. The skirmish

atmosphere of faction was not there before. J.C.Diwakar Reddy was elected

MLA and became a minister.

He rose to the level of a dictator of the district who got total control over

the district congress party. The rapid change in the political atmosphere

paved way for his growth vertically and horizontally. Transport, Arrack and

liquor business made him mint money. This is an added advantage for his

faction activities. The only opposition party is Telugu Desam. The non co-

operation ego and jealousy in Telugu Desam party turned advantageous to

Diwakar Reddy.

Difference of opinion widened the gap between YSR and Diwakar

Reddy. Ketireddi Suryapratapreddy was the president of Mandal Praja

Parishad. He was neutral between YSR and Diwakarreddy. He expressed his

support to YSR and deviated from Diwakarreddy. Thus, the district congress

split into two groups headed by Diwakarreddy and Ketireddy Brothers. Both

struggled hard to establish themselves more than the other in the villages did

and groups established did.

Diwakarreddy kept the police in his hands and influenced them to file

criminal cases against the group of Kethireddy. Lanka Venkateswarlu,

inspector of police helped Diwakarrreddy as his right hand. He tried to

weaken the group of Kethireddy by criminal cases. People were aware of the

facts. Kethireddi and Diwakarreddy’s stands became more and more

dangerous. Public is afraid of their mutual attacks.

Tadipathri was like a war field. One of the D.S.P has extended his

helping hand to the Minister and tried to corner Kethireddy and his group.

Knowing this Suryaprathapreddy attacked the Officer in the broad day light

in the middle of the street and killed him. This incident shook every one.

When these attacks are on, one of the groups tried to hide their weapons

and bombs. They thought public place like garden would be the right place

for that. Immediately they put their bombs and other explosives in a bush

near a fence. Small children were playing there. They saw balls like things

in the bush. They thought that they could play with them and took them and

started to play throwing them on one another. They blasted and few

schoolchildren had lost their lives.

This incident could not bring any change in the faction groups. Police

kept mum. This incident mirrors the result of the faction war.

MASSACRE

Guttakindapalle is a village in Ananthapur district. It is very close to

Pulivendula. A hamlet of villages is seen over there. It is near Kadiri.

Venkatramireddy of Guttakindapalle was a peasant. He entered into politics

in 1982. Since then, struggle started. Many murders took place until 1994.

Rivals of Venkatramireddy attacked him in Kadiri town near a lodge. In that,

chaos of bomb blasts Venkatramireddy escaped.

This attack took the lives of two innocent people. One was cloth

hawker and other was an employee in a ayurveda department by name Nese

krishnappa. Bombs did their duty irrespective of they are meant for.

Venkatramanappa Chetty was the first rival to Venkatramireddy. He

belongs to Kummarollapalle. He has a groundnut factory. As he was the

owner, he has to manage the same. Peasants from villages bring their

produce and supply them to Venkatramanappa Chetty. He too sleeps there

only in the factory. One night in 1994, Rival group with its hundreds of

members surrounded the factory.

They threw bombs and opened fire mercilessly. In that firing, more

than seven lost their lives. They were no way connected to faction rivalry.

Few have lost their limbs and badly affected. Venkatramanappa Chetty, the

target of the rivals died on the spot. This incident threw a challenge to the

government and mimicked the law and order by the police. On the other

hand, this incident gave enormous strength to Venkatramireddy in the

expansion of his group in the villages.

In the year 2006, Indukuru Narasimhareddy and Venkatramireddy

have lost their lives. Their own activities boomeranged. Faction kills every

one. It has no partiality. It is a great leveler. Faction has become immortal

from the face of public. What a pitiable thing it is!

Sri. Marri Chennareddy and Sri Nedurumalli Janardhanreddy were the

Chief Ministers during the period 1989-93. Sri. Y.S.Rajasekharreddy was

also an eminent congress leader. They were able to obtain licenses for the

rifles and pistols for their group very easily. The faction leaders used to

carry them publicly. Threatening the people on various issues was a

common thing in those days. A leader from Kurnool had had his vehicle

filled and denied to pay the bill.

He threatened the people concerned with the gun. It was the talk of

public in those days. The display of their guns and other weapons was there

on every occasion good or bad. People gradually started to lose their

patience and unrest started to prevail. Sniffing this, the then Chief Minister

Sri. Kotla Vijayabhaskarreddy cancelled the licenses and restricted the new

ones. Thus, he was successful in controlling the weapon carrying faction

leaders.

Once there was film shooting in the film-nagar near Hyderabad. That

belonged to a faction leader. His opponents planned to kill him. On the day

of shooting, many people were watching the film making activity. There

were many cars moving here and there. Faction in the form of a car bomb

blasted and took away 26 lives and left many crippled. Journalists moved

forward to gather the information. They too lost their lives in the blast.

The deceased never even dreamt the havoc. Here the victims are the

innocent people, but not the faction leaders or their members.

T.V. bomb incident took place in a village in Ananthapur district. T.V.

The owner sent his T.V. for repair. His opponents waiting for the

opportunity, managed to fix a bomb in the T.V. When the T.V. came many

thronged over it to watch. All of a sudden, blast occurred and five lives

including children have gone.

The died did not know that the entertainment would stop their breath

and would send them to permanent sleep. Here the deceased were innocent

and were not in faction group.

Kappatrala is a village in Devanakonda Mandal in Kurnool district.

Varam Kishtappa was a moneylender. He belonged to a socially backward

community. He used to collect interests from his clients. When they could

not pay the same, he used to file suits against them in court and trouble

them. Slowly he brought the village into hands and grew politically. He

became the Panchayat Sarpanch and continued for a long time. In course of

time, the Boya community gained its strength.

Venkatappanaidu was the leader of the community. He won in the

elections on Kishtappa. This widened the gap between them and gradually

public split into two groups. Venkatappanaidu defeated Kishtappa in

Devarakonda Panchayat also. Thus, Venkatappanaidu gained political

strength. Son-in-law of Kishtappa was the reddy in Kappatrala Panchayati

and Yogananda was the Karanam. Both started to support kishtappa

indirectly and tried to reduce the name of Venkatappanaidu.

Venkatappanaidu murdered the Karanam Yogannda the follower of Varam

Kishtappa and sent a warning to the opponents.

As Venkatappanaidu was in power, he was able to strengthen his

faction group well and Kishtappa’s strength started to deteriorate. Kishtappa

could no longer stay in Kappatrala village and moved to Laddagiri village.

Sankaramma was the elder daughter of Kishtappa. One day she led a

huge number of people from laddagiri and attacked Venkatappanaidu, her

father’s rival. However, he escaped and his brother bojjappanaidu was

killed. Fearing the revenge, Kishtappa’s group went to Kotakonda village to

hide themselves for some time. There Ganti ranganna was a faithful follower

of Sankaramma. Again, she tried to attack Venkatappanaidu. In that, Ganti

Ranganna and his four brothers lost their lives. Again, venkatappanaidu

escaped.

Srinivasulu the elder son of Kishtappa was away from that faction

environment, had his education up to graduation, and settled away. Second

son Munirangadu wanted to take revenge against Venkatappanaidu and was

waiting for the opportunity. Kappatrala and Kotakonda became rival

villages. The origin of this faction had its roots in two families and now it is

ready to flame both the villages. Sankaramma used to attack

venkatappanaidu frequently.

Every time she used to hide in villages. Once, when she was at

muddanur Sankaramma lost her life in the attack of her rival group of

Venkatappanaidu. Every attempt made by Munirangadu was a failure. He

could not take his revenge against his father opponent Venkatappanaidu.

Those failures became raising steps to venkatappanaidu and he grew to the

level of a district leader.

Telugu Desam part came into being. In 1983 elections, Tammireddy

won from pathikonda MLA constituency. Devanakonda mandal was split

and merged into two constituencies Pathikonda and Done respectively. This

changed all the political equations. In 1985, Mahabaleswargupta won on

Ramakrishnareddy. Venkatappanaidu supported and helped

Ramakrishnareddy and K.E. brothers extended their support to

Mahabaleswargupta.

It is believed that the group led by Ramakrishnareddy murdered

Mahabaleswaragupta. Practically Mr. Gupta had no faction links. Yet, he

had to sacrifice his life to faction. Enemy’s enemy is a friend. Father of

Mahabaleswar Gupta joined hands with Munirangadu the second son of

Varam Kishtappa. It was a successful sketch.

Unidentified persons murdered Ramakrishnareddy in the broad day

light in one of the main centres of Kurnool. Ramakrishnareddy was the

Samithi President at the time of his death. Venkatappanaidu was the vice

president. Venkatappanaidu became the Samithi president after the death of

Ramakrishnareddy. Mahabaleswar Gupta’s wife contested in the elections

and became an MLA. She was away from the faction atmosphere. Gupta’s

brother was killed as revenge. Gupta’s father killed Nallareddy and his wife

the followers of Ramakrishna reddy with the help of Munirangadu. These

faction murders are unending.

Lakshmireddi and his brothers are rivals of Venkatappanaidu. They

belong to Lakkasagaram village near kappatrala village. Erikala Kishtappa

of Kappatrala used to visit Lakkasagaram village frequently.

Venkatappanaidu suspected and sent him out of Kappatrala village. All

believed that he took the patronage of Kotla group and benefited.

At this stage, Erikala Kishtappa and Munirangadu joined hands and

planned to put an end to Venkatappanaidu. Bombing went on for two hours

in Kappatrala village. People of Kotakonda village supported

Venkatappanaidu and opposed the bombing. In this clash, nearly ten of the

Kotakonda villagers lost their lives.

Opponent group tells that Munirangadu was shot dead by the police in

an encounter near Tuggali. After the reign of Munirangadu, Padmakka

daughter of Kishtappa took the lead. Erikala Kishtappa joined Kotla group.

She tried to kill Venkatappanaidu by a land mine. It was a failure.

Rangappanaidu was a close relative of Venkatappanaidu. He was the right

hand to Venkatappanaidu. Difference of opinion regarding few money

matters creep in. It is believed that Venkatappanaidu killed Rangappanaidu

with the help of his brother’s son Bhaskar naidu.

Seetharamanjaneyulu took charge as S.P. to Kurnool district. He tried

his level best to curb the faction in the villages. In a counseling session, he

revealed that the police killed Erikala Krishtappa and other three in an

encounter. Maddiletinayudu was the son of the deceased Rangappnaidu

wanted to take revenge on his father’s murder. Padmakka pooled up the

gang with the members hurt by Venkatappanaidu.

It is believed that she sketched to murder Venkatappanaidu. In the

flash attack, Venkatappanaidu escaped and the villagers rebelled against the

Padmakka group. Villagers killed nearly six of the members of the group. It

is recorded in the police station.

This was great shocking news. Venkatappanaidu lost the seat of the

Chairman of Zillaparishad. Padmakka kept quiet for some time. During the

reign of Y.S.Rajasekharareddy all, the opponents of Venkatappanaidu

returned to Kappatrala village. Again, Padmakka grouped them. Everybody

aimed at the death of Venkatappanaidu. It is believed that Maddiletinaidu

murdered Venkatappanaidu on 17th May2008 in revenge of his brothers and

father. It is not the end.

After the era of Venkatappanaidu, his elder brother Papayyanaidu’s

son parappanaidu took the leadership of Venkatappanaidu’s faction group.

Varam Pdmakka and Maddiletinaidu were banished from the village as they

were facing allegations against them. Many times Venkatappanaidu escaped

death narrowly. When his death came, he took away the lives of his gunman

and eight others. Even after death as if he might need them. Gunman and the

driver, who were on duty unrelated to the faction, lost their lives. Faction

kills not only the members of the groups but also the innocents.

Final statistics reveal the deaths numbering more than 200. Three

decades faction left the place undeveloped, with many physically

handicapped and widows parentless children and child lost parents. Though

there is loss everywhere, faction is not lost.

Guntakal is one of the important railway junctions in Rayalaseema.

They conduct tender bidding for the repair work on the railway track in the

South Central Railway. One day it was packed with people as it was the day

of tender bidding. There was a leader of the scheduled castes by name

J.B.Suresh. He thought that contract work would give him enough earning

to lead his family. Faction groups sniffed his intent and threatened to

withdraw from the bidding. He decided not to.

Immediate reaction was the bomb blast. He lost his hand. He was a

labour leader. Faction has no mercy and no priority. It took away the life of

an innocent who wanted to settle in his life through bidding in railway

contract.

Another such incident took place in Muddanur in Cuddapah district.

One of the faction leaders entered into Mandala Prajaparishad Office. His

rivals blasted a bomb. The blast took away the life of Ankalamma the

maidservant of the office. In what way she was responsible. Why should she

lose her life? Is it not the result of faction grudges? A poor woman, living on

her meager salary never expected that she would never return home.

Cherukampalle is a small village near Kumarkalva in Cuddapah

district. The hamlet of five villages considers that May 31 was unforgettable.

The Grama Panchayat elections, created violence and left them divided. All

the villagers in Cherukampalle, Kkumarakalva and Addalamarri split into

two groups. Gangaiahnaidu, Sathyanarayana and Obulareddy lead one group

and the other was lead by Subbareddy.

Thus, two faction groups took the elections a prestigious one. Poling

booth was in Kumarakalva village. Other village voters had come to

Kumarakalva to exercise their franchise. Other villagers thought,

Kumarakalva villagers might create violence with weapons and bombs.

Villagers of Kumarakalva too thought that others might attack them with

bombs. A pinch of doubt in the minds of faction groups lead to a greater

damage and wider violence. War burst out.

Nine people lost their lives. It is not the leaders of faction groups who

lost the lives, but the innocent people. Nearly more than hundred were taken

hospital. The filed case came to hearing in 1973. The judgment dismissed

the case considering the accused opened fire for self-protection.

In the olden days kings used to wage wars to prove their mettle. Now

every faction group tries to curb human values, unity and integration to

satisfy their mean utilities. Getting into power, amassing wealth, are the

aims of the most political and faction leaders. More over the faction

resembles the primitive cult of struggle for existence.

Few of the people realize now the result of faction and are settling

down by creating a congenial atmosphere of mutual help and co-operation.

They swerve away from their path of violence and fastidious lives and on the

way of peace and prosperity.

YOUTH INDULGENCE

India is rich in human resource. Youth is the real strength of a nation.

Majority of the youth are in villages. They all depend on agriculture.

Rayalaseema in Andhra Pradesh depends on rain for the agriculture, as there

are no perennial rivers. The few rivers in Rayalaseema are rain fed and

seasonal. Ground water is meager. Canals and storage tanks are very less.

Most of the agricultural lands are become arid and left uncultivated.

There are no industries to provide employment to the youth.

Therefore, unemployment prevails. Ultimately, youth were attracted

towards fast earning. This includes settlement of lands, tender lobbying,

kidnaps, threatening, and murders of real estate people. Few societies of

social welfare, few true leaders, and few preachers, are constantly on their

work of social change.

This has been bringing a moderate change in the thought and attitude

of the youth. If the government determines to put a stop the faction culture,

it can be done. The need in the area is noble and honest leaders who can lead

the innocent people to the state of harmony and peaceful co-existence.

BALEFUL APPEALS

Murders and loot news is familiar to the readers of Cuddapah.

Viswanathareddy and Maheswarreddy of Chapadu mandal have lost their

lives in Nakkaladinne village. Culprits hacked them to death with axes and

swords. Police registered a case against eight accused.

Family quarrels, ego, difference of opinions in business, political

rivalry are changing into faction disputes and leading to murders, kidnaps,

and loot. This results in loss of life and property. This leads to careworn

families. Chinnadandluru village of Yarraguntla mandal was soaked with

blood on 2 October 2001. Faction groups hacked K.Nagalingareddy’s son to

death. He was 20 years old and got married few months before. Seeing his

son’s death Nagalingareddy fell ill with paralysis.

Until this day, he is dying everyday to live. On the same day, another

murder took place in the fields. They killed Choutupalle Chowdappa aged

45 years. His two sons were studying 10th and 7th. Hearing the shocking

news, they ran to the fields and saw their father lying dead in a pool of blood

in their fields. Now those two boys, who were studying when their father

was killed, are now coolies. They could not study, as they have no one to

help.

AUTHORITY ACQUISITION CARES NO

RELATIONSHIP

Chippagiri is a small village in Kurnool District. There are two rich

groups and a submissive poor group. They were living happily until 1955.

Later the scene of serenity of the village changed into faction and violence.

Virupakshareddy belonging to one of the groups started to raise high

politically and became a notable person in the district.

The other group could not digest the growth of Virupakshareddy.

Vaikuntam Nagappa and Chandrappa belong to another group. They

suspected that their future would be powerless and Virupakshareddy would

suppress them and maintain his upper hand. The actually struggle started

between Virupakshareddy and Anjinayya belonging to Beldona village.

Lataer it was fanned up to a huge flame called faction violence. Nagappa

and chandrappa finally decided to put an end to Virupakshareddy.

Chippagiri is small village in Ananthapur District eight kilometers

away from Guntakal. One day Virupakshareddy was on his way to the

station. Nagappa and Seenappa settee and few others of the opponent gang

sniffed the movement of Virupakshareddy. It is believed that this gang

murdered Virupakshareddy attacking his vehicle.

Though the murders are very common, Virupakshareddy a well-noted

person’s murder became stunning news. Police registered a case against

many accused. Court gave them hanging orders. When they approached high

court, high court too supported the judgment of the lower court.

Again, they went to Supreme Court, where few of them were

exempted and the President of India Babu Rajendraprasad exonerated the

main accused. One of the children of the accused is named Rajendraprasad

in memory of his mercy.

Vaikuntam Lakshmanna, brother of Nagappa became the immediate

target of Virupakshareddy’s group. Lakshmanna lost his life in the attack of

the opponents. The village split into two groups. In the MPTC elections wife

of the diseased Virupakshareddy won, his son Timmareddy won and became

the sarpanch.

After 1980, there was a split in the Vaikuntam brothers. Two more

groups sprouted one under Nagappa and the other under Chandrappa.

Beldona is an adjacent village. There was a communal rivalry between

Anjinayya and other community. Vaikuntam Chandrappa and his brothers

supported Anjinayya and Nagappa supported the Golla community, widened

the gap, and converted them into a burning problem of violence and hatred.

In the local election of the Co-operative society Anjinayya’s son

Prabhakar from TDP and Nagappa’s son Narayanaswamy from Congress

contested. Even before the commencement of elections, there was an attack

against Vaikuntam chandrappa’s son Venkateswarlu and Prabhakar when

they were on their way to Guntakal. Venkateswarlu died on the spot and

Prabhakar died after ten days. Ravi was the brother of Prabhakar. His dead

body was found on railway track. Villagers believed that another brother of

Prabhakar by name Ashok did it.

Ashok trickily he continued good contacts with TDP and Congress

and became strong vertically and horizontally. He earned a lot. Ashok’s

brother-in-law Sivaprasad, and babu became his partners in the business. It

flourished in the beginning. Later on the difference of opinions split them.

Sivaprasad and Babu started their own business separately. The competition

in the business changed into personal rivalry and slowly changed into

groups. The ultimate result is same.

Ashok was found dead on the way to Guntakal. Police registered a

case against the accusedon 22-05-2002. The accused were no other than

Mallikharjuna and Sivaprasad the sons of Sriramulu and their gang.

Govindamma was the sister of Vaikkuntam Sreemulu. She lost all

three of her sons in the faction clashes. Ashok was her brother’s son. As he

too was murdered, she was totally upset. Vaikuntam Sreemulu was the

former President of the Samithi. He worked as president to Central Co-

operative bank Kurnool. He was an MLA too. He maintained good

relationship with the minister Mareppa. He helped the minister a lot during

elections. Of course, this tie up lasted only for a short time.

Again the differences sprouted up between minister Mareppa and

Vaikkuntam Sreemulu. As a result, Sreemulu lost his grip among the

politics. Those leaders put Sreemulu aside. It was the time Sreemulu and his

wife were murdered. Police registered a case against Beldona Govindamma

and her followers. It was the peak and the vanishing point of faction

between those groups with the emergence of AWAY. The Chief and the

harbinger of AWAY is V.Prabhakarchowdary. He called both the groups

and pacified them, cooled them, and injected the sense of unity.

Both the groups agreed to withdraw the cases registered against each

other. Also, decided not to send any witness further. All the cases were

dismissed and freed the accused. The war between the power mongers

ended. People enjoyed a real dawn of peace. This made them feel they are

also human beings like others. They felt the responsibility of a true citizen.

They represented the motto Live and let live. Thus, a new history is written.

RESISTENCE

Kalagalla is a village in Kuderu Mandal in Ananthapur district. An

incident shook the central authorities and political leaders in Delhi. The

incident happened four decades ago i.e. in 1967. In a riding of police, it is

said that seven people lost their lives. It was not seven but, more than

twenty-five. Many of corpses were not found. Culprits threw the bodies

into Penakacharla dam tying large stones. They even burnt few bodies

throwing into bushes.

Few villages like Antharaganga, Ipperu, Nagiredypalle, Kalagalla in

Kuderu Mandal of Ananthapur District lived on toddy collection. They were

running toddy shops in the villages. They used to pay the excise duty to the

government for toddy extraction from wild date trees. The farmers and

peasants of the local area demanded their share in the profits in the toddy

sales. Venkatesapa the toddy businessperson had had some difference with

the local peasants.

This difference changed into rivalry. Venkatesappa was growing

stronger and stronger day by day. The peasants turned envious. It was

believed that these peasants used to break the pots of toddy hung on trees for

extraction. Both the parties had an arbitration meeting. But, it was futile. All

started home. Narayanareddy of kalagalla and few leaders of the surrounding

villages decided to put a stop to the growth of Venkatesappa. In addition,

they suspected that venkatesappa would attack them at any time.

Therefore, all the villagers started to guard their villages night and

day. Both the groups doubted each other and were ready to face the

consequences. One day Venkatesappa was on his way to Kadagalla via

Muddalapuram. Narayanareddy came to know the movement of

Venkatesappa and passed on a message to the other members.

They attacked with weapons. Many lost their lives and many more

fell injured. Knowing this, Venkatesappa along with his follower Adeppa

tried to escape from Muddalapuram on a private bus. The raged opponent

group had already reached the bus and attacked. Venkatesappa escaped from

death. Police erected a picket over there. Police arrested 62 members those

suspected who were in connection with the attack. Under this tense situation

Tarimela Nagireddy a Communist Leader visited Karimella village and

discussed with the police.

Till then police kept the accused without food for two days. They left

twenty and registered cases against the remaining forty-two. District court

charged them with punishment. But, Narayanareddy appealed to High Court

and got the case dismissed after many adjournments. Now those villages

came out of faction and are now leading a peaceful life. They understood the

outcome of faction. Their own lives taught them and warned them. Faction

is the main obstacle to development.

Every one in those villages still memorize those bitter days in which

their lives were crushed. Now they do not even dream of faction.

THIRST OF POWER LEADING TO EMULATION

Konagondla and Poliki are the neighbouring villages in Vajrakur

Mandal of Ananthapur District. Rayala Govindappa belonging to Poliki

village had two daughters. He gave them in marriage to the two sons of a

landlord of Konagondla. He too migrated to Konagondla along with his

daughters. He used to organize arbitration between two people or groups.

Other landlords made their eyes green on the importance of

Govindappa. Kamma Hanumanthappa of Konakondla village used to run oil

mill and was doing the business with groundnuts. He had few partners too.

In the business transactions, Govindappa and Hanumanthappa could not

continue peaceful due to few misunderstandings. Sivaramireddy was another

landlord of the same village. He became a close friend to Hanumanthappa.

Thus, Hanumanthappa and Sivaramireddy formed a group. In contrary

Govindappa was able to gather all the backward people into his group. He

extended his support to the toddy extractors.

All the landlords were against this act of Govindappa. The gap was

widened between the two groups of landlords and backwards. Govindappa

established himself stronger with the support of his group from the

surrounding villages also. Sivaramireddy and his group were on the way to

Gooty court on 5th May 1931. Near Guntakal rival group attacked with

swords and other weapons and killed 5 of the group. It was suspected that

those indulged in murdering the five were instigated and supported by

Govindappa.

It was also believed that Govindappa’s hand was the main one in the

murder of the lawyer Nagireddy.

It may be true as Nagireddy belonged to the landland sect. Every

murderer dies in a murder. In 1950, Rayala Govindappa’s death was

mystery. Few thought it was a suicide, and others thought it was a murder.

Rayala Vemanna the son of the deceased Govindappa entered into politics,

contested in the 1978 elections, and elected MLA. He became the minister

in the cabinet in the year 1982.

He never behaved like his ancestors and their rivals. Probably he

might have expected the results would recur. It was an appreciable change in

the locality.

EXEMPLARY HUMANITY SPROUTS IN FACTION

Narayanareddypalle is a small village in Tadipatri taluk in Ananthapur

district. Different sects of people lived there. The entire village was under

the command of two forward sects. Venkatasubbaiah and Chinna

Narayanareddy were alter egos. They were more relations. These maintained

a powerful group. Their opponent was Anantha Narayanaredy. He too

maintained another group.

There was a cold war between these groups. Both groups were waiting

for an opportunity to take the upper hand on the other. Once there was an

attack on a woman near a well. This incident added fuel to the already

blazing fire between two groups. Venkatasubbaiah was sentenced to death

by the court in the murder case of Peddasanjappa. Of course, the high court

dismissed the judgment.

These two groups were not woven based on castes. Fastidious

devotion of the followers made the groups stronger and stronger day by day.

They extended their authority in the neighboring villages. The members of

the group were lived like close relations. They never thought of humanism,

in establishing their barbarous grabbing of authority.

Once the daughter of Velur Narayanareddy was in a field. Other

group lifted her against her will and gave her in marriage to the one

belonging to their rival group. Police interfered and handed over the girl

again to her parents. As a result, the opponents from entering into the

drinking water well abducted her relation Venkatareddy. Venkatasubbaiah

was the village munsif. He complained this matter to the police. This

complaint raised the ego levels of the rival group.

The real war like attack started on 1st January 1963. They pelted

stones on one another. Both the groups used guns and rifles. Police

registered criminal cases against both groups. Vaikuntam Venkatasubbaiah

and Chinnanarayanareddy were on their way to Guntakal court, were

stopped and were murdered by the rival group led by T.Narayanareddy.

This incident became a challenge to the police. They registered

against 18 members and arrested. They came out on bail. The first accused

T.Narayanareddy was given a conditional bail. In those days, bus facility

was meager. To travel in the buses was dangerous too. He wanted to buy a

jeep for his safety and easy travel. He approached his brothers for the same.

But, in vain. After a long time, one day he entered into the village secretly.

He suspected his wife.

Later he found that his wife has close contacts with one of his own

followers. Therefore, he sent her to her native village. She returned from her

native village. Pleasures come single, and troubles come in bundle. He was

surrounded by indomitable problems like wife’s character, financial set

backs, criminal cases and the fall of his family. He burst out in a letter to his

relations and revealed various pressures he was facing.

His own brother could not arrange some money for his purchase of

jeep for his safety. He could not digest his wife’s character. All preferred

money and luxury. All ignored him. He was forlorn.

He wrote letters to all his opponents, his followers, and the police as

well requesting every one not to register cases against his rival group. He

shot his wife and shot himself dead after releasing his letters and

safeguarding other people. However, he lived in faction hood until his last

breath; he left the faction on his last breath. All felt sad, on his demise. The

letter with his own handwriting is also enclosed herewith.

INFINITE

- Singamaneni Narayana

Writer

My heart filled with immense joy, as I will be visiting my village after

a long time. These days I could not find any free time to visit my village.

More over there is no other important work for me to attend. My village,

narrow streets, various houses, rooms in my house, my swimming wells and

the village tank that appears always dry used to haunt my thoughts and fills

my free time in ruminating the cud of my life in my village.

The trees I climbed while playing, the only temple Potalappa on the

tank bund are never blurred in my mind. The attachment with the village left

an indelible impression. I had an opportunity to visit the village before 5

years on the marriage of my youngest brother. I went with my family and

stayed there for ten days. Though I never visit the village frequently, I used

to hear about various happenings in the village. My brothers and few

villagers come and visit me now and then. I too tried to visit the village few

times. I had to cancel my trip owing to some unavoidable workload.

My family is still undivided. My parents departed before ten years.

Yet, we all brothers are united. Two younger brothers look after the

agriculture in the village. One day, my brother wrote a lengthy letter to me.

He wished that partition would be better at the earliest. Though painful, I

too felt it was good to be parted while all are peaceful and sharing love and

affection under one roof.

I told them that I did not want any share in the fields. I also told them

to share my share among themselves. This thought might have pained my

brothers. They told me to come and take away my share. My conscious did

not agree, as I have well settled in life and leading a peaceful life without

any problems or hurdles. When my brother insisted me to come over there to

the village, on the fixed date I too went.

My intention was that I could spend four or five days in my loved

village happily. My village is nearly sixty kilometers away from

Ananthapur. It is quite a large village having more than five hundred houses.

Villagers belong various castes. All of them have been living on agriculture

since ages past. There is a vast government land around the village. This

was distributed among the poor and the landless. Now, every one works on

fields for their bread.

The landlords having fifty to sixty acres of land are also unable to

earn lakhs. Those settled in town on business are rich. All other villagers are

economically almost fall in a single category. In the peaceful abode of the

village, people were happy and peaceful until the recent past. Now a days

the unexpected and unwanted news of grudges and gang formations reached

my ears. My village used to have 90 percent polling in every election.

There was no bias. I was proud about this. Now the peaceful scenario

has been changed. Here and there, few incidents are happening. I consoled

myself that one or two incidents like this definitely happen in villages.

I got down the train in Ananthapur. I waited there for some time as it

was too early to board any bus. Once there were no buses to my village.

Now all buses except express go to my village. Once we used to walk four

kilometers from the main road to reach my village. The bus I boarded

started at half past seven and reached my village at about nine. With over

enthusiasm, I had a nap in the bus. A co-passenger broke my nap, reminding

me the arrival of my village.

He called me “uncle Narayana”. Then I was able to remember the

face and reciprocated with a smile. I found there was a lot of change in the

village appearance. The Nagulakatta used to be very busy in those days.

Small shops were closed. The small hotel over there was busy with people,

now it is almost deserted. Very few villagers were there on the street. It was

a shock to me to see such a calm, dead street over there. Few donkeys and

dogs were there going helter skelter.

Under the neem tree, I saw five or six policemen standing with rifles.

I suspected some wrong thing. Bus started to go back behind me. Then I

noticed that I and the other one were the only two people got down in that

big village. I thought of asking someone about my suspicion. There was no

one to ask. I dropped my anxiousness, with a thought that I could get the

information from my people at home. I speeded up the paces towards my

house.

I was able to see only women in front of their houses. Our house is

the first after entering into a broader street in the village. There is an old

neem tree in front of our house. People of the village used to sit under the

tree on parley. No one was there. That increased my anxiety, and I started

to doubt the serenity of our house. My heart started to shrink with fear. I

entered my house.

My elder sister in law received me and enquired about my family.

Listening to our talk second sister in law too came and joined her. Some how

I felt their talk and affection was under some force and pretension. I felt

their affection was not true. Children zoomed around me. I gave them

biscuits, sweets and flowers. Under the cold command of their mothers,

they left for play.

I could not resist my anxiety any more and asked them what happened

in the village and enquired about the cause of the presence of police in the

village, a strange situation to digest. She blasted the fact of bomb blast in

the previous night. I understood that the bombarding continued for three

hours. It was believed that more than forty country bombs were pelted and

blasted.

The entire village could not even wink throughout night. Almost with

a stunning shout, I exclaimed with shock whether the bombing was in the

village. They coolly replied that it was the second time. The same thing

happened before three months. I the staunch lover of the village asked them

whether there was any loss of life during the incidents. She told that Sivalu

the son of Bodeppa had had his right hand crushed.

Nearly five members were severely injured in the night. All the

injured were taken to hospital and by the grace of God no one had lost ones

life.

When the thirst of anxiety of knowing of suspense was quenched, I

asked about my brothers. They told that both of my brothers left the village

fearing the police. In addition, they told that the young villagers left the

village leaving old, children and women behind. Both of them repeated

overlapping one another as if they were well prepared to answer me.

In their lengthy narration, I understood one thing. Ramakrishnappa

and venkatareddy families moved apart with some differences. The gap

widened in the past three years. Now they are rivals. Setting fire to the straw

heaps, spoiling the pump sets and motors in the fields, hacking of orange

plants, have become very common these days to both the parties. Both the

groups were in Gooty jail for a month.

Things became worse after their return. The village split into two

groups. Fear prevails in the village. My brothers are related to

Ramakrishnappa. However, these have no connection with the riots and

bombing, they suspected police might take them into the custody for

enquiry. It is the second time these brothers switched off. The youngest was

a bit fast. He indulged in a tussle over water from the tank.

Therefore, he ran away to hide himself. I could not understand why

these differences crept into the peaceful village. My thoughts started to

freeze. I could not tolerate the happening and could not pull strings of

courage to withstand.

Those families were very close with each other. Their friendship and

love was exemplary. Both joined hands in bringing high school, protected

drinking water scheme, veterinary hospital, conveyance and roads.

Ramakrishnappa forced Venkatareddy to be the single window president for

two terms. Ramakrishnappa was the panchayat president.

He was forcibly requested by Venkatareddy to be the president.

Ramakrishnappa used to use the power of Venkatareddy in doing things.

Financially Venkatareddy was on the lower level. He incurred in heavy

expenditure in his children’s education, marriages of daughters. However,

he maintains the dignity, decorum and decency. Knowing this

Ramakrishnappa helped him in so many ways.

Venkatareddy’s son, a graduate in B.A., now resides in the village.

Ramakrishnappa’s children could not cross over high school studies. Elder

sons of Venkatareddy and Ramakrishnappa used to go together on motor

cycle for any work. They were close friends.

I witnessed their friendship many a time. Such a close families,

getting deviated and changing into rivals, is an unbelievable fact. Having

another cup of coffee I was about to step out for a stroll in the village. My

sister in law again warned me not to go to Venkatareddy’s house and to be

away from them. She also told that they were dangerous people.

I take coffee very often. Whenever I visited the village, I used to step

into every house. Everyone used to offer me coffee with a lot of affection. I

too enjoyed their affection and called them by relation names. It was

unforgettable through out my life. Then I doubted such deep-rooted

relationships were destroyed which I could not assimilate.

When these thoughts haunted my disturbed mind, I could not even a

step out from the neem tree. I sat there with a thud. My mind started to

shrink. Nagappa of the village was the grand father of the village. He was

above seventy. He used to talk to everybody funnily and even criticized the

young. Young too never took them to heart.

He might have seen me coming out of my house; he too approached

slowly with the help of his bamboo walking stick. He enquired whether my

family and I were safe. He also asked when I came. I got up, received him

with my hands, and put him comfortably on the sitting slab under the tree. I

too sat beside him. He opined that those live in towns are lucky as they are

away from faction and personal grudges. He expressed his grief regarding

the village happenings and heaved a sigh of relief.

I asked him how the change came to the village during the four or five

years. After a little pause, he started to tell. “We never heard the sound of

bombing in this village. It was there only in Cuddapah not elsewhere.

However, that bomb culture is well rooted in the villages now. Not only is

our village, but also the surrounding villages also under the hood of

bombarding, mutual attacks and violence.”

My mind started to analyze the facts behind every incident. We both

lighted cigarettes. Nagappa liked beedies. He never refused when one offers

him a cigarette. He started to tell.

“This village is not a village at all. Every boy is a leader now. No

one checks them. I suggested something to Gopalappa’s son who was not

even twenty. Immediately he started to warn me telling that he would kick

me if I would tell him further”. Nagappa’s ego was hurt. I noticed water in

his eyes. That may be because of his inability of age, or his elderliness is

blotted. I know Nagappa used to move friendly with everyone.

His heart is a blotless white paper. He possesses a child like

mentality. He does not know to harm or hurt others. Thus, he was a small

boy of seventy years. He threw the cigarette aside, lights his favourite beedi,

and started to tell the way the village was blemished with rivalry and

jealousy. Nagappa started to tell the changes those took place in the village

after the entry of Rajendrappa. Rajendrappa’s village is at about twenty

miles away from my village. Immediately I slipped into the past and

remembered the stature and a activities of Rajendrappa.

I know his father too. Entire district is aware of Rajendrappa and his

family. He came like a flash into politics. Entire constituency went into the

hands of Rajendrappa. He set up his own security. The group can be called

his army. His thought offence is the first of step of defense. Within no time

weapons like guns, bombs, liquor entered and overpowered the poor and

needy. They became puppets in the hands of Rajendrappa.

He rose to a position and grabbed all the political powers at all levels

by winning through rigging. Thus, his group became indomitable in the

area. He became a dictator and commander. Violence went on as word did

go. He maintained a large group followers and vehicles. His movement in

the villages filled fear in all. Now, we see his followers and relatives in

every village. His net work has grown stronger and stronger.

Though I was far away from the village, I heard of Rajendrappa’s

violence and how the villagers became victims under his vicious charm of

sneer and command. He is an exclamation mark to me. Just I cannot

understand how all these things have happened.

In the Panchayat elections before five years, Bheemreddy the son of

Venkatareddy told to Nagendra the son of Ramakrishnappa. Both came to

some understanding regarding the candidature of Bheemreddy. A day before

nominations, the psudo army of Rajendrappa came in two vehicles to meet

Bheemreddy.

They warned Bheemreddy not to file his nomination in the forth-

coming elections. Bheemreddy fearing to the warning sent by Rajendrappa

dropped his idea of nomination. The next day Nagendra won the elections

unanimously under the blessings of Rajendrappa. Since then, there are

quarrels, shouts and unrest started to prevail in the village. Bheemreddy also

started to rise in the politics.

His men maintained good contacts with high command at Hyderabad

level. Innocent people have well read the passions of the foolish and cruel

leaders. They started to talk to please their masters in order to have some

favour. Rajendrappa entered into politics to change the society. Because, it

was in the hands of few landlords of the village few years before.

With the cud of toxic, drink called political authority. Ethics have

gone to airs. Life is redefined in the village. They believed that political

murders, ego disparities, personal grudges, are the aim of life. The more the

violence is the more our power will be. “I too live” has gone. “I alone should

live” has become the motto of the leaders.

Few villages are like burial grounds now. The emotional perturbation

destroyed the human relationships. My thoughts started to linger over the

awkward conditions. I felt my heart is compressed. A pain, an unexpressed

agony made me stale. My sister in law told the lunch was ready. I had lost

my appetite. She called Nagappa too. He told that he had something

recently and gently rejected and started towards his house. I too

mechanically got up and walked in to honour, and respect the word of her.

Both of them started to tell so many pathetic things. The younger

started to sob telling that their husbands were innocents and it was the game

of the God. Elder was concerned about the yield of groundnut crop. Labour

is not available in the village. The crop was very meager. If it if not

attended, that little crop too will go. Those were the rain fed crops. There

was no water source for the crops. People are busy in their whims and

fancies of terror and violence.

Always they think about their opponent and rival. They never thought

of their own families and their growth. Thousands of acres of groundnut

crop are not procured by the villagers as they were out of the village. Who

will come and stand for their risk.

Who will safeguard their lives? What happens to the village?

Answerless questions delved away my interest in the village. Now I thought

what would happen to my brothers.When would they return? My mind filled

with various doubts and suspected the safety. I ate something. I closed my

eyes for a while. Owing to mental torture, I fell asleep.

Suddenly, the cries, shrieks, startled me up. There was no one in the

house. Those women were also not there. I rushed out in panic. I saw

Nagappa was sitting idly. I asked him what the matter was. He told that

someone was murdered and was thrown in the tamarind grove, which is a

mile away from the village. Few told there were two bodies. Villagers were

running to the grove to make sure that their people were not there.

The women in the house also ran to the grove with a suspicion of their

husbands. I too started to walk fast towards the grove. Nagappa also

followed me. When I came to the main bazaar street, I found people running

in panic. Many of them were crying, few are shouting, few are calling

others, few scolding, few are cursing. It was great buzz. In the chaos and

confusion, no one was able to tell the fact of the incident. The Sun is red on

the brink of the West.

Pace by pace doubt and suspicion crept in my mind. The fear of facts,

rather suspected facts squeezed away the strength from my legs. I came here

to divide the property among the brothers who were expected to be happy in

the peaceful village.

The village is fragmented in the name of faction, in the name of

authority, in the name of jealous, in the name of oneness. I could not

understand my state, whether it was sorrow, agony, pain, deceitfulness, and

above all confidence. My head bent in shame. My heart started to move at

the blood lump to the mouth of the cruel leaders.

MY WORD

Justice Dr.Ambati Lakshmana Rao Chief justice, High Court, Allahabad U.P. The thought and effort of Sri Vaikuntam Prabhakar chowdari in

writing the book “Factionism – Influence on society” is highly appreciable.

He restored his respectable place in the minds of the people. It is because of

his uncompromising welfare activities with the social consciousness and the

development of the town, Ananthapur as municipal Chairman. His life is

exemplary to all. “When we are born like human beings, we should live like

human beings” and his life path never swerve away from the policy of “live

and let live” which interpreted into AWAY. Through this organization he

wants to bring a revolution to fight with faction.

It is a historical need of the hour. He presented various facts of faction

which awakens the milk of human kindness in every human being.

Rayalaseema aptly called the land of wealth. Such land oozes blood, echoes

he screams of victims and became a land of grudges, murders and violence.

The writer successfully caught the right angle of the faction, and presented

in a vivid manner. He explained the process of paths of faction leaders

changing into political leaders with historical note.

The evolution of “Local Leaders” (Palegallu) into Political leaders is

described well with a special reference of Rayalaseema. He also told the

groupism in villages, the contacts of political leaders and faction leaders, in

a simple manner, so that the common man can also understand. People

should understand the result of faction and should be away from those

clutches. Political leaders propel violence to grab the power and contracts to

make money to establish them much and more. Writer suggests 25 points to

get rid of faction.

Above all, writer proved that bringing law and order under control is

not at all impossible if the officers concerned do not yield to the political

leaders or faction leaders. He almost displayed the workmanship of few

police officers of these districts astonishing and amazing.

The book is dedicated to those who lost their lives under the hood of

faction is praiseworthy. Everyone should extent their support to AWAY the

only society which is putting its effort to eliminate faction.

I wish and hope this effort of AWAY continues till the faction is

totally removed from the face of Rayalaseema.

My hearty congratulations to SRI VAIKUNTAM PRABHAKAR

CHOWDARY

- Sd. Justice. Dr. Ambati Lakshmana Rao.

FACTION – CONSEQUENCES

Dr.Roddam Prabhakar Rao, IPS Former Director of Police, Andhra Pradesh

Sri Vaikuntam Prabhakar Chowdari is one of noble men of

Ananthapur District. He acquired his place with his indomitable service in

the town administration. He is the backbone of many service organizations

and educational institutions.

The root cause for the backwardness of Rayalaseema is Faction

Politics. So, People lead their lives with pessimism in this area. Writer

studied these conditions well and wanted to change their path of faction

through this book. He explained every cause with historical reference. The

contemporary changes in politics, society and the way of faction becoming

the leader with their activities and the process of their establishment over the

groups and sects in the villages are described in detail.

The evolution of local leaders (Palegallu), into Groups and Faction in

various stages and how they became the political leaders, their sustenance of

power, bomb and ammunition culture, explosive devices, mines and remote

controlled devices by the faction groups in the recent past have been well

described by the writer. Even the pious people are also trapped into the

frame of caste.

Few of the followers of our political leaders named as naxalites and

slowly entering into politics and polluting the political arena. Cinemas are

coloring the violence as heroism. These leaders’ grabbed contracts, entered

into liquor business, and earned through land settlements, mines, and even

welfare activities and took the hold over the grants even.

Poverty has become the investment. Various funds granted by the

government to the area was changed and used in useless activities and made

the poor people always depend on these faction leaders. Thus, the poverty on

the other hand has become the raw material to the leaders.

Facts of the villages, various faction attacks and withdrawal of faction

and development through withdrawal of faction was clearly explained in his

point of view by the writer. He showed few examples how the faction can be

curbed down, through the lives of few police officers. The loss of property

and life and other effects and consequences rise on faction was clearly

described.

The subject of the book is a delicate issue. The writer took every care

in presenting the facts and incidents of faction. The writer is totally

impartial of parties and groups, and told how dangerous the faction is. The

youth should read this book and change their way of thought and it should

be towards the welfare of the society.

My hearty congratulations to VAIKUNTAM PRABHAKAR

CHOWDARY.

Sd. Roddam Prabhakar Rao IPS,

Former Director General of Police. A.P.

MY WISH

I am from a family with faction background. I am aware of the cause

and effect of faction in the local area. I am the witness of inhuman incidents.

Once there was ethics and perfection in faction. Though they appeared cruel,

we find justification in those actions. This resembles the army of a king in

olden days.

They were ready to sacrifice their lives for the sake of their king. In

the early faction days the followers were also ready to anything for the sake

of their leader or the word of the leader. It was the mutual trust between the

leader and his followers. Thus, the faction in those days had some regular

path of action.

Faction scenario has been changed in the recent past of three decades.

Now, it has become a fashion. It is not for livelihood. But, it has become a

weapon in the hands of leaders to amass wealth, and to grab power and

authority. This hidden side of faction polluted politics and became an

integral part of politics which is inseparable. The relationship between

faction and politics is bilateral with mutual interest and growth. Faithful

followers are victimized by the leaders. There are many incidents to prove

this.

The leaders of faction are the leaders of some political party. They are

expected to safeguard the interests of the people. But they consider their

power is to rob the people and cheat the nation. It is ridiculous to treat them

as the elected representatives in a democracy.

There are innumerable incidents which can witness the cruelty of

these leaders. Bomb blasts in public places, merciless tree felling,

settlements of land with the help of their private army (followers),

Kidnapping, encroachments, damage of public and private assets and

properties have become a curse on the life of the people.

Such stories of victims are many.

*dogs guard the village throughout night

*cattle consume grass and give us milk

*camel carries loads through deserts and even at death gives water

from its body.

*ox ploughs the fields and gives life to poor peasant.

*cock eats on dust and wakes up village in the mornings.

When these animals and birds are discharging their duties and meeting

their responsibilities for the sake of others. Who instigated them to do so?

What is the benefit they expect? Don’t they know this human being will eat

them too up? As a human being I feel amazed how these animals and birds

help the human being without selfishness.

It is believed that the life of a human being is the most sacred one on the

earth. Ancient scriptures speak volumes of it. Yet, the humanity is set

ablaze, and is leading lives of inhuman tendency. I witnessed the faction

taking the lead economically, politically and socially and subjected the

innocents the victims in the pyre of their selfishness. I have no exception

from the torture of faction. So, I want to put forth my experience in a book.

It is beyond favoritism, groupism and caste, I wanted to fight with the

wicked acts only but not with men or groups. Men’s actions may be wrong,

but not men. Let me fight with the wrong. Let me inspire and ignite the

village folk to join hands to fight back the faction to restore peace, unity and

integrity among people and between villages.

I tried to bring the treacherous things happening around us which are

hidden and concealed by the leaders to restore their power and authority. I

tried to awaken the inner souls of the villagers to rebel back the faction

tendencies and to take a right a path in the right direction in the right time.

”Born as human should live like human only” is the aim and “live and

let live” is the motto of AWAY.

Let me have a humble beginning towards the society we all dream.

Yours

Sd. V.Prabhakarchowdary

LIFE OF THE WRITER – AN INNER VIEW

Mr.Kota Purushotham

Tirupathi

Once in Ananthapur class 10 students took an endeavor and pelted

stones on the collector’s office. Police took them to station under public

nuisance. They entered the names and addresses of the students for their

record. One of the students answered “I am Vaikuntam Prabhakar

Chowdari”. The Officer concerned questioned the boy why the he had

come. His uncle was B.T.N.L.Chowdary a well-known personality. The

officer asked the boy to go home.

The boy went home and told everything happened. There was his

father’s friend at home. He told that it is not great to live one the name of the

family. Every dog too gets post if the full address with name, number and

street are written. But, the only name Prabhakar Chowdary, Ananthapur

should bring the post. It is possible only when he becomes great.

Those words inspired Prabhakar Chowdari, ignited his dormant mind,

and paved a path towards a sacred aim which was never used by others

before. This made him achieve his goal. Any letter with name Prabhakar

Chowdary, Ananthapur will reach him.

Prabhakar Chowdary was born in 1961 in Ananthapur. His

grandfather Venkatasubbaiah could not tolerate and withstand the faction

atmosphere in his native village Madugupalle and sent his son

Venkatasubbaiah (Both the names are same) to Ananthapur in the year 1950.

The rival group included his grandfather’s name in a murder case. The

deceased was one of the best friends of Venkatasubbaiah. Rivals attributed

the murder to his grandfather Venkatasubbaiah. Court sentenced him with

hanging.

But, High Court dismissed it. Prabhakar’s father is in Ananthapur

looking after the education of his children and family. His fraternal uncles

are in the village looking after the agriculture on one hand and faction on the

other.

Once Prabhakar Chowdari went to his village Madugupalle. Then,

Tharimela Nagireddy, leader of naxalite movement who was in underground

was discussing the incident with the people. Prabhakar Chowdari was only 6

then. He was listening to him with enthusiasm. Tharimela Nagireddy asked

the boy who he was.

The boy replied without fear that he was the grandson of

Venkatasubbaiah and wished him with both hands. Also told that he was

Prabhakar Chowdari. Tharimela Nagireddy was much impressed at the boy

and wished him that he would become a great person in future, and asked

him to study well. He patted the shoulder of the boy. Blessings of great

people will never go waste.

After the successful completion of his high school studies, he entered

into collegiate education. While in college he wanted to enter into contracts.

He approached the famous engineer Sivaramakrishnaiah for his registration

certificate. Seeing the enthusiasm and confidence in the boy, he gave the

registration certificate without asking his age. He started to work on

contracts while on studies. The earned amount was spent on politics and

became the president of youth congress wing of Ananthapur district at a

tender age of 22. Thus, he started his political career.

In 1988 he had to compete with Sudhir Kumar son of the then

minister Sivasankar and another leader Ponguleti Sudhakar Reddy in

elections. Sudhir kumar won in the elections. Bhuvaneswar Kalita was the

Secretary to All India MB Congress and also the President Assam Congress

Committee introduced Prabhakar Chowdary to Rajiv Gandhi. He said to

Rajiv Gandhi, that the party condition in the state is not favourable.

Moreover his services were ignored and gave the president ship of

youth congress to Sudhir Kumar only because of his father Sivasankar’s

ministerial status. His brave and open argument impressed Rajiv Gandhi.

He enquired his men about Prabhakar Chowdari and assured him that he

would make him a member in the congress working committee.

Unfortunately, Rajiv Gandhi was assassinated in a few days.

In 1985 Janardhan Pujari called Prabhakar Chowdary and told that he

was too young to be placed at a higher level and asked him to be the

Director for Anantha Grameena Bank. Seven years he served the bank with a

difference and got a good name for his efficiency.

In 1990 Hanumantha Rao the A.P.State Congress Committee

President took Prabhakar as secretary to the State Congress Committee. He

brought the anarchical activities of J.C.Diwakar Reddy to light and started

his movements in the right direction by pooling his own group of supporters.

The C.M. Kotla Vijayabhaskar Reddy forced J.C.Dewakar Reddy to quit the

ministry. In 1993 he went to N.T.Rama Rao on his call in a procession with

200 vehicles and joined into T.D.P. C.M.Vijayabhaskar Reddy sent

Rayapati Sambasivarao to convince Prabhakar Chowdari to withdraw his

decision of joining into T.D.P.

But, he did not change his decision. In 1994 elections, the seat was to

be given to CPI in coalition. N.T.R. told Prabhakar Chowdari that he would

send him to parliament and asked to work for the victory of CPI candidate

and Payyavula Kesav of Uravakonda. With his honest work and name he

was able to complete task of winning both the places.

Everywhere there is some opposition to good. Few those who do not

like Prabhakar Chowdari forced N.T.Rama Rao to convince Prabhakar

Chowdari to contest in Municipal Elections.

Initially Prabhakar Chowdary was not interested to contest in those

elections. But, N.T.Rama Rao pressured him to contest. He contested and

won with a large margin. His services as the Municipal Chairman were

indomitable and exemplary.

P.V.Narasimha Rao the Prime Minister asked Rosaiah and others, to

see and learn from the young man of other party who was able to get the

name from the people in the municipality. He praised Prabhakar Chowdary

as the model of a Municipal Chairman. T.D.P. was split into two.

Chandrababu Naidu asked him to join Prabhakar into his group. He did not.

He was with Lakshmiparvathi and contested in the elections and got one

lakh votes and had lost in the elections.

Prabhakar Chowdary tells that he is not satisfied with the large

majority in the municipal elections as they were out of rigging and booth

capturing. But, the M.L.A. elections gave him the satisfaction though lost in

elections, as it was pure and without rigging or booth capturing.

When he was boy, he used to play with a group of boys every day.

The town RSS men told him that they teach him martial arts with staff and

asked him to come with his group. He went continuously to RSS. One day

he took a muslim boy too. RSS people warned that he should not bring

them. Since then he never stepped into RSS field or fold.

There was a Communist leader by name Venkatareddy. He used to

lead a simple life. He never offered a tea to others. He built a new house.

He used to tell his wife that he would give the house to the municipal

chairman after his death. After his death his wife came to Prabhakar

Chowdary and told the wish of her deceased husband. Prabhakar Chowdary

converted the house into a maternity home.

He is a man of consciousness. He lived at the word of his

consciousness. His cherished dream is to cleanse the politics from its core

and purify the politicians.

While fighting for his goal, J.C.Diwakar Reddy’s enmity had thrown

him into irreparable loss politically. But, it gave him enough satisfaction. If

all the politicians are away from faction and lead a pure life, the cherished

dream of Prabhakar Chowdari would become true.

He conducted anti-faction meetings in Karnataka and in Andhra

Pradesh. He made the intellectuals the speakers of the meetings. This was

extended to every district. Thus, he brought awareness of public regarding

faction.

There were vacancies of 110 teacher posts in the Municipality to

which government did not give permission to appoint. But, there is a

provision to transfer teachers from Zilla parishad to Municipality. These

vacancies were kept alike in order to cash them. He conducted a meeting

with Councilors and Commissioner and convinced them with the need of

teachers, and transferred 85 lady teachers without a penny as bribe.

Regarding SC backlog posts, he did not send the committee out by

arranging them food and other facilities and in 48 hours 28 appointment

orders were issued.

All these teachers were in first class in their B.Ed. D.E.O.,

Commissioner and Councilors were not willing in the beginning. But, they

too expressed their satisfaction and congratulated Prabhakar Chowdary later.

Every year there is felicitation ceremony for the employees known for

their service. He invited great people like Vaavilala Gopalakrishnaiah, Anna

Hazare, and Jayaprakashnarayan-Loksatha- to honour the employees. This is

not limited to few departments.

This includes all departments. An attender named Narasimhulu

brought the name of Saradamma a clerk who was known for her honesty and

never expected any bribe in the municipality. He valued the word of the

attender and honoured Saradamma too.

MY EXPERIENCE

- K.Sadasiva Rao I.P.S

One day I was in my office. An old man entered into my office on

permission. While entering he wished politely and told that his name was

Seshanna. I offered a seat to him. He was not free enough to sit in front of

me. He started to look into my eyes without a blink. He eyes are deep hiding

many cruel experiences behind them.

His body was lean and looked weak. Bones are visible over the body.

His cheekbones are up. Unattended beard tells about his concern these days.

It was a man named Seshanna. I was startled for a while and numbed my

senses at the sight of the visitor.

“What do you want”? I asked.

“Sir, I came to see you. It is a casual visit,” he said

“Do you have any other work other than seeing me”? I asked

“Sir, you employed my son before ten years. Sekhar is my friend more than

my relationship. Now he is in Central Government. He is in Bangalore now.

I could not seem him since a long time,” he said.

I recollected the past and exclaimed, “How is your son”?

“He has been in Cuddapah, and got promotion too,” he said

“Oh! That is good. It seems he is working well,” I said.

“You suggested him to continue his studies even after his employment, he

did it and completed his graduation,” he said.

I felt very happy and said “Excellent”. He will come up well.

The old face bloomed with happiness for a while. He requested for my

blessings and help.

I assured him and asked whether he wanted anything. He requested

me to transfer he son. Then I asked him about promotion date and asked for

the reason for the request for the transfer. Immediately I contacted the

concerned and found out the position. I noted that his son was promoted and

transferred.

“What are you doing now Seshanna” I asked.

He said that he was in jail. A cold current passed through my body. I

asked why. He coolly said that he murdered a person. Looking into my face,

he continued. They killed my brother before nine years. I understood that

the murder was in reply to the murder of his brother. Tension and suspense

reached to its peak. I ordered tea for both to get relieved from it. I asked him

tell about the murder and the consequences that led it. Water spilled through

his eyes, as a mark of victory through vengeance. He said his story.

“I don’t know how and when it began. When I was a small boy, I heard that

the opponent group murdered my grandfather. My father was a small boy

when his father was murdered. My father got married and got children and

later killed the murderer of my grandfather. As a result, the son of the

murdered murdered my father.

My brother killed the one who murdered my father. They in turn

hacked my brother to death on the fields. They made the body into pieces.

He had no children. I became the heir of the family and shouldered the

responsibility of the family.”

“So, you murdered him?” I asked.

“Not one sir, we killed two members” a cool and straight reply.

My senses began to seize. How long the sequels of murder culture

continue? When and where and by whom it was started became an unsolved

mystery. How deep and long it goes into the unending future is rocked me.

Seshanna told that right revenge was the aim of his life. His elder brother

got married the relative through love.

They were an ideal couple. When his brother was murdered, his sister

in law was not ready to receive the widow ship. She used to wear jewels and

flowers (which a widow should not use). She swore that she would become

a widow after the murder of the one who murdered her husband. That, in

addition, the murder should be as cruel as that of her husband.

As she had no children, she looked after Seshanna and his family as her

children. Seshanna considers her as his mother. She lived considering her

revenge as breath. When I met her revenge, she removed her married

woman’s stature and purely turned a widow. She cried for my brother’s

death on that day. Because, her heart was filled with anger and revenge all

those days.

“Did she ask you to kill the opponent?” I asked.“No, she never asked me to

do that. However, her eyes and looks directed us. She was an ideal woman.

All liked her talking on various issues. Even my children liked her more

than my wife does - their mother.

She was the pillar of our family. She was the life and breathe of our

family loved by all and respected by all.”

I thought it is a mysterious world. I find no resemblance between the

facts learnt and the facts seen. I failed to distinguish between love and

hatred. My mind oscillated between hatred of love and love of hatred. The

act of Seshanna might be a crime in the view of law.

Nevertheless, in fact, can it be considered a crime? If God is a human

being, He should decide. I came out from the dormant mind. I asked him

what his livelihood was. His answer shocked me. He was farmer. They have

thirty acres of land out of which twenty acres are dry and remaining ten

acres are wet. He had his SSLC education and could not continue further. In

those days, it was a good mark of education level.

Variety of crops, timely crops depending availability of water,

judicious crop changes helped them earn money. They never enjoyed the

money earned. They led a simple life as poor people. The money earned

was spent on lawyers, followers, faction expenses, weapon costs etc. Is it

believable. Yet, it is true. Their lives mirror the impact of faction and its

consequences.

Poverty is neither a crime nor an evil. Poverty is not a curse of God.

It is bought, nourished and grown as if to be in poverty only. Feeding the

police during the faction disturbances, meeting the expenditure of the

political leaders in their elections to obtain their support at time of crisis,

follow the local Presidents, surpanchas etc. was the main headed expenditure

in their accounts.

All of them are the part and parcel of faction and are unable to

recognize in what they were surrounded. Faction is the nucleus around

which the spokes called poverty, unrest, violence, power longing revolve.

Faction, a social disease created by man is more powerful than any other

natural calamity.

I remembered few incidents from my life. When I was studying, I

went to my friend’s village along with another friend. We three were close

friends. We went to his village in Cuddapah district. They are rich and well

of. We spent two days in the village.

They treated us very well. Their house was closed from all sides.

Sunlight comes through the glass from the roof. As there was no electricity,

they were using kerosene lamps. They used to keep their cattle inside the

house only. Out of curiosity, I asked my friend why not the cattle kept

outside. He said that they would be poisoned, if they were kept out. When I

asked whom, he replied that their enemies who would be waiting for any

opportunity they could get.

In that age, I thought my friend was joking with me. We returned to

our studies. I could not forget the words he said in the village. Forcibly I

asked Seshanna what else. Again, he asked about the transfer of his son. I

coolly replied that there were few problems in the required transfer that too

to his native place.

After getting promotion, rules do not accept to work in the same

place. More over it is not good too. More his son has to learn the work well.

Then only his transfer can be thought of. Seshanna’s son has to come close

to the village and should take the revenge against his murderer. What a

foresight! What an expectation! I was shocked and warned him that his life

had been already spoiled, why he should try to spoil his son’s life.

Seshanna showed a black and white photograph of his son, daughter

in law and grandson. They were a pretty family. The child was fine

looking. Seshanna told that the rival group would murder him. So, his son

should take revenge against it. The same story would repeat to his son and

grandson too.

He saw a young man taking revenge towards his father’s murder, in

his grandson. “My God!” I decided these people would not change. All their

senses are stuffed with revenge, bloodshed, violence and death. They do not

know the meaning of life. They live only to take away lives under the shroud

of revenge, grudge and vengeance. I lost my temperament and shouted to

quit the place immediately. My steno rushed at my high tone.

Seshanna stood up and said, my grandson should also discharge his

duty if anything happens to his father and left the office with tears of

revenge and realty.

CHANGE WITHIN STOPS GRUDGES.

- P.Venkatanarayana

Cherlopalle known as Ramalingayapalle is a small village in putlur

Mandal of Tadipatri taluk in Ananthapur district. Rich and poor, forward and

backward classes and many sects of society lived in harmony. They

cooperate with each other during times of adversity and shared every joyous

moment. Nothing in the world is permanent except change.

Land mortgage bank elections brought the difference of opinions

among the villagers and divided the village into groups. Mainly two groups

led by Pakeerappa and Aswathanaramayya strengthened gradually.

Chinnavenkatapathi son of Aswathanaramayya became the sarpanch of the

village. A murder attempt against the one belonging to the groups of

Pakeerappa was suspected and attributed to the group of

Aswathanaramayya. This added fuel to the fire called faction. The fangs of

enmity were sharpened.

Chinnavenkatapathi grew vertically and horizontally with the help of

J.C.Diwakarreddy of Tadipathri. He became the Samithi president. When

J.C.Diwakar reddy was the minister in the state Cabinet, the importance of

Chinnavenkatapathi increased. Even the people thought that he was the right

hand of the minister. This is on one face of the expansion.

The other is the equal increase of rivals. He helped J.C.Diwakar

reddy in strengthening his group in villages. Political equations changed and

as a result, Chinnavenkatapathi lost his life in the hands of his own

followers. Raged followers instigated Venkatanarayana the elder son of the

deceased Chinnavenkatapathi to attack the rival group and damage their

properties. Venkatanarayana could not leave out his temperament, and

peacefully convinced and cooled them.

He completed the rituals of his father. Villagers considered

Venkatanarayana a timid one and not a suitable heir of his father. However,

his complacence saved the village from the loss of life and property on the

death of his father. He saw many horrifying incidents from his childhood.

That was the reason he kept quiet.

That was the end of faction in the village. Venkatanarayana too was

very vexed upon the violent atmosphere around. He wanted to lead a

peaceful life amongst peaceful villagers. Therefore, he renovated a temple

and invited all irrespective of own or rival group and honoured them all.

Thus, he got a place in the hearts of the villagers and the peace started to

prevail in the village.

He started his own business in other states, settled well financially,

and kept the village peaceful. Now there are no faction groups in the

village. He is the harbinger of their happy life.

EDUCATION, THE PANACEA OF FACTION

-Topudurthi Adinarayana

Topudurthi is a small village in Anantapur district. Majority of the villagers

are Boyas one of the backward communities. Majority of properties and

lands are in the hands of the forward communities. These rich people kept

the village in their hands.

They did not allow the boyas to unite together. They applied the

divide and rule policy as that of the British. Now and then, there were few

riots to sustain fear in the villagers and be suppressed forever.

A small incident churned into huge violence in the year 1974. The

crop and yield of Peddanna were destroyed. He belonged to boya

community. It was a great damage. That roused his men. His sons, sons-in-

law attacked the suspected Ramachandrareddy and Narayanareddy on 22-

10-1974 in Ananthapur while the two were travelling in an auto.

In the tussle, Ramachandrareddy lost his life and Narayanareddy had

a narrow escape with light injuries. As a result, the property of Peddanna

was damaged to a greater extent. Besides that damage, Peddanna’s brother

Uddandappa was murdered in Ananthapur in 1975. The dead body was

found half burned in a bush on the outskirts of Ananthapur.

My elder brother was murdered immediately after 5 months of his

marriage under the leadership of Rambhupal Reddy. He also ordered that the

entire family should quit the village immediately. Then I was only 10 years

old. Those murders under faction made many homeless and even left the

village. Later I heard that there was an attack on Sivareddy in which he

escaped life with greater injuries.

However, in another attack in an RTC bus put an end to his life. Few

got the life imprisonment in 1974 and 1978 incidents. The murder of Bosi

Gurappa revenged Pulagam Potanna and killed in 1982. I was in the

incident. As I was a minor then, court exempted me from the cases. My

brother who was imprisoned in the case was released in 1986.

I with my group of seven including Peddanna and his sons attacked

Peddarajanna and Venkatramudu. Peddarajanna died on the spot and the

Criminal Case was registered against 21. After 4 years, all the 21 were

awarded life imprisonment. Our appeal to the higher courts did not

materialize. So we were under the bars for nine years from 1991.

I could not enjoy the affection of my brothers and family during my

boyhood. Few were murdered; few were in the jail left my life without a

pinch of love. Though I was not indulged in the incidents, I was also sent to

jail.

Of course, the life in the jail has changed my attitude. I concentrated on

education. I did my graduation through Ambedkar Open University. I had

my M.A., degree too. Change of jails, paroles, and marriage took place in

my life. I love democracy. I encouraged my wife to contest in the local body

elections.

We won in the elections and extended our services to all the needy.

Thus, I was able to swerve from the fangs of faction to a peaceful life.

Illiteracy, unemployment, poverty lead the youth to unknown horizons of

violence. So, I appeal to all to be literates and help to build the nation.

MISUNDERSTANDING COSTS LIVES.

Gandlavaripalle is a village in Ananthapur district. Mutual ego, and

misunderstandings, wrong communications left the village under the hood of

faction. The village is fragmented into divisions of groups and their

individual benefits. Even the innocent have also lost their lives in the village.

I am the victim and witness of the various incidents, which led the village

deserted. Gandla is one of the leading sections of the village.

There are backward communities almost equal in number in the

village. Suspicion made the people mad and senseless. This suspicion

spread to every threshold and unrest crept into the peaceful minds and

shattered their lives. Gandla group murdered Darur obulesu, suspecting

some illegal contact with their group. They too revenged and took away the

life of Narappa belonging to Gandla group.

Both the parties were sentenced life imprisonment. They appealed to

the higher court and got their cases dismissed. There was a short break to the

faction and left the village peaceful. Medapuram Sriramulu was in close

contact with kanumukkala Chennareddy the then M.L.A. Once again, the

hood of faction was wide opened to create violence to prove their existence

and authority. As a result, houses were looted, injured the rivals and even lit

the properties of the rivals.

In 1987, Gandal Vengamjuni was murdered. They suspected the kamma

community and damaged their properties. As a result, kamma community

attacked the gandla group and lit fire to the village. Fourteen were sentenced

life imprisonment in the riots of 1987 in the judgment dated 17-3-1992. High

court relieved Six of the imprisoned treating them innocent. The remaining

eight could not get any exemption even in the Supreme Court. In the reign

of Telugu Desam Party, I was released.

After coming from the jail, I was able to understand what I have lost in my

life. I lost my assets, name, respect, everything. I have lost the affection of

my wife and children. I am totally forlorn. Now I live in Dharmavaram and

settled in colouring the threads. I do printing too on clothes. In addition, I am

in real estate business and I belong to Sales community. The change in me

made me the head of our community in the district.

SUGGESTIONS FOR THE RESTORATION OF PEACE

• Names and photos of the social evils should be exhibited in public

places. (This brings awareness among the public regarding social evil

makers)

• Transporting people for the strength proving meetings by the faction

leaders and the leaders with criminal record.

• Faction leaders or their representatives should be abandoned in public

auction of tenders.

• Restrictions should be imposed and maintained on the raw materials

used in bombs and mines.

• Forcible collections of money and goods in the name of local festivals

and gatherings.

• Vehicle checking should be frequent under the supervision of a senior

police officer.

• Confidentiality should be maintained. Information of the messengers

should not be at the disposal of faction leaders.

• Bail stoppage till the final judgment bill should be brought into force.

• Damaging of public property should be treated seriously. Tree felling

comes under this.

• Arbitration in the police stations should be stopped.

• Gunmen should be transferred at least once in two months.

• Transfers, promotions should be according to law.

• Local body elections should be beyond political parties.

• Illicit liquor, belt shops etc. should be under control.

• Special courts are necessary in the faction hit villages or places.

• Live and let live should be the practice in schools.

• Besides these, internal change in the attitudes of people is necessary.

SPECTRUM OF INTROSPECTION

Fate theory of India is a panacea to majority of people. Human being is

not betrayed by other living beings, a little extent by other human beings and

many by themselves. It is due to their inferiority or being in the state of

introvert. Everyone is quiet aware of the things happening around to his

fellow beings. Yet they keep quiet.

This complacency builds barriers in the society and provokes them to

form into groups not to cooperate with others but to take guard from others.

All knew that the strength of a group is always higher than that of an

individual. They forget the fact that every group is made up of individuals.

Then, what is the driving force behind all these groups? The non-

confidential answer is money and power. These factors bring change in the

thought and attitude of human beings. When thoughts change, one loses

sanity and becomes a slave to the money and power centers. This is a

transcendental effect of fear out of ignorance. We have our upper hand over

the animal kingdom. Within the human beings there are many kingdoms

created and ruled by the rulers.

Have we ever thought of our vote, power of vote, the only weapon in the

hands of people? These weapons will never be obsolete and out dated. Are

we making use of this? If so, till what extent? Now-a-days we bargain on our

pride and individuality especially while exercising our franchise. Vote is on

auction.

Whoever values the vote on high in terms of money will be the leader. So

it is a blatant fact that the power and authority in democracy is bought at

myriad prices. Under this scenario, do we have ethical right to demand

public safety and welfare? Every one of us dreams of good governance.

As long as we dream for a better phase of life, so long we should be

dreaming during day and night which leaves us a nightmare of our ambition.

To make them true, we should be awake.

We should realize our strength individually first and collectively next.

Thousand mile journey starts with a tiny step. Instead of craving for peace,

are we stepping forward for the real change in this atmosphere of threat and

violence? We need our weapon-the vote-used judiciously. Let us enjoy the

peace and brotherhood not by grabbing power, but by sharing. We believe in

God and leaders as well.

There are incidents where the people prostrate on the feet of others who

also have head limbs and heart. Why this discrimination prevails among us?

The answer is we don’t know what we have lost. All living beings need life

to live on. But we are prepared to die to give life to others.

Every human being possesses individual entity, ego, and an unmatched

individuality which keeps everyone distinct from every other. This is kept

near the feet of others to meet our physical needs. We all know that we are

no better than reared animals, caged birds and shackled prisoners in the

hands of power groomers and mongers.

The quality of leadership is universally common. The leader should be a

greater human being with values and understanding. Those who contest in

the elections are seen once in five years. They bring their promises and

manifestos to captivate the voters and make them believe that good

governance would come. That never comes. Voter looks forward with wide

opened eyes, and closes his eyes with undying wish. We are not bothered

about the candidate.

The criminal background, laundering of money, settlements etc. are

considered the real strength of the candidate. Personality is ignored. We

never think of our own future while exercising our franchise.

Insensibly, thoughtlessly, aimlessly, we vote. We vote means we are

scribing out own fate throwing our lives into the hands of the elected. We

human beings give away the power to one who rules us, without judgment.

Can we accept with wide stretched shoulders that we are enjoying freedom?

Absolutely no! We are leading our lives no better than that of slaves.

But our external appearance is camouflaged. Are we living? Or, Are we

pretending? Do our bloomed happiness on the face have its roots in the core

of our hearts? No! Are we happy? The answer is blurring. Hypocrisy!

Hypocrisy! Hypocrisy!..... Everywhere hypocrisy.

We lived all these days under the shroud of Hypocrisy. Let us come out

from the dark dungeon of ignorance and negligence. It is the time. If we

don’t now, never we can in future.

The elected are leaders and are public servants. Are they serving the

public? No! In turn we, who gave the reigns into his hands, serve them

forever. We think before we buy our clothes. We discuss with many before

a marriage. We watch the food before we eat.

We judge the water before we drink. Then, how can we caste our vote

foolishly without a thought. Are we so weak mentally to be under the

influence of the political charm? Of course our lives have gone oscillating

between truth and hypocrisy.

Let us not fix the fate line of our next generation by leaving this rotten

methods and beliefs as a legacy. Now we have to think of our children-next

generation-. Neither prayers nor counsels will change the vicious scenario of

the game of lives-politics. Let us take one bold step towards perfection. This

tiny step now will become a big leap in future where our upcoming citizens

live proud with head held high.

“One can cheat all one time, and one all the times but not all, all the

times”. If we know what we are from the core of our hearts, we can bring

the expected change with ease.

1. Let us judge the worth of the candidate, not in terms of money,

wealth, race etc., but in terms of his availability, human values,

education.

2. Let us consider cashing vote is the greatest sin.

3. Let us not put our pride on the feet of power mongers who appear

seasonally.

4. Let us prefer the local candidate to an outsider as he or she is familiar

to us.

5. Let us use our “right of vote” the neediest responsibility.

6. Let us not split the unity and integrity of our locality to satisfy the

oncoming candidates.

7. We should remember well that we are voting to elect a person, not a

party.

8. Parties may be great, but need not be its candidates.

9. Let us consider voting is a holy act, without rigging & false voting.

10. Let us not involve our children those studying in schools in elections

and in election campaigning.

There are great people whose names are not found in the books of our

history. Their names stood on the test of time. We are enjoying the result

of their struggle. If we go and search for such personalities rendered

yeoman service, we find in every village. We have to honour our local

leaders (true leaders) at par with the national leaders.

DEDICATED TO …………..

1. Nagaraju, a small cloth merchant and Krishtappa an employee who

lost their lives in the bomb blast in Kadiri by one group on its rival

group (1992)

2. those the innocents who lost their lives in T.V. bomb blast(1993)

3. those journalists and others who lost their lives in a car bomb blast

while on their duty

4. Kullayappa, a police official who died while on duty in

Penugonda, (2005)

5. Ramudu, the gunman and Chennakesavulu the driver of a faction

leader who lost their lives(2008)

6. Ankalamma an attender who became a victim under faction

clashes in Muddanur, (2010)

7. the innocent children who lost their lives in tender age when

treated the bombs as balls which were found in a bush hidden by

the faction leaders near their playground in Tadipatri (1992) and

many who left the world leaving their death as witness to faction

TWENTY FIVE PRINCIPLES FOR PEACE

(AWAY suggested to government)

1. Names of professional killers should be displayed in the police stations

like that of rowdy-sheeters. (Use: Besides bringing change in them, law

abiding with fear is restored. People will be aware of it.)

2. Moving of people by the leaders with criminal background to organize

their private functions should be abandoned. (Use: This saves all and

protects public and private property from the bombing and other attacks

from their rivals).

3. People with criminal record should be restricted to wander near the

places of government auction and tenders for contracts. (Use:

Threatening of parties, reduction of government income can be stopped).

4. Restrictions should be imposed on the raw material used in making of

local bombs. Special search should be initiated to find weapons beyond

the permission of the government. (Use: Bombs and other weapons will

be away from the public use).

5. Forced collections of funds for festivals, floods, famine etc. should be

abandoned (Use: This restricts youth deviating from the main path.

Creates honour to the law in the minds of the people).

6. Frequent surprise check of vehicles headed by a senior Police Official,

mobile check-posts and to stop the convoy of leaders with criminal

record. (Illicit transfer of weapons, movements of criminals, Private

armies can be abandoned).

7. Complaints department should keep the complainant’s particulars

confidential. It should be under the control of an officer not below the

rank of D.G.P. Regular phone facility to record and respond should be

arranged. (Use: Making it easy to the people to complain)

8. Law to restrict bail to the accused in the murder cases should be

initiated (Use: Threatening of witnesses can be stopped. Fear and respect

of law can be restored).

9. Those under punishment by law, can be given bail, parole if their rival

group agrees. (Use: innocents will have some relief).

10. Law to punish those indulged in felling the trees, those damage public

and private properties should be initiated. (Use: safe-guarding of public

and private assets and green trees as well).

11. Every gunman should be transferred once in two months. Again he

should work under a police officer instead of sending him to another

leader. (Use: Message leaking from one leader to another can be stopped.

So, the difference of opinions or grudges between the leaders will not

take place).

12. Arbitration in police stations should be abandoned. (Use: The undue

influence of political leaders can be stopped. Favoritism cannot take

place. So police can concentrate on other cases with extra time and

interest).

13. There must be a strict law as per the opinion of Supreme Court, to see

every employee from the station level to higher order to work two years

in one place and should be transferred. (Use: Officers work with

honesty).

14. The interference of the political leaders in the transfer of police

officials should be stopped. They should be transferred to other districts.

(Use: Stops increased rapport and keeps them away from partiality).

15. In the elections of local self-governments should be done without

parties. (Use: If elections are based on parties, many atrocities take place

in the name of ruling party. When the party name is not there the scope

for grudges and violence is less).

16. Special control should be imposed on the liquor transport and on belt-

shops. The drunkards should be tackled seriously. Those who misbehave

during nights should not be spared. (Use: restricts rivals from

provocation)

17. Anyone who is a criminal in three murder cases should not be

allowed to be on authority or power. (Use: Leaders may be in one or two

cases under inescapable conditions. Such innocents should have

exception and those who indulge in murders continuously should be

penalized with disqualification).

18. Permitted vehicles of MLAs and MPs should possess the sticker

mentioning the permission by the authorities and should be constant

check. (Use: people with criminal record are restricted to use the

vehicles).

19. Those who threaten the title holders of land under the name of

settlements or arbitration should be checked and punished severely. (Use:

to restrict those living in rented houses and threatening the owners, and

occupying the land forcibly etc.)

20. If no act of crime is recorded in a period of ten years, such names can

be removed from rowdy-sheet list in stations. (Use: The change in them

should be recognized by all. If not they again indulge in their past

activities of violence).

21. Cinemas instigating faction should be abandoned. (Use: Faction is

treated as fashion by the viewers. Stops feeding wrong opinion or view

on other places)

22. Village court should be conducted in the presence of officers to clear

petty cases of civil concerned. (Use: to restrict small issues changing into

big ones. Arbitration brings people together).

23. Special courts should be arranged in the faction hit areas to avoid

delay. (Use: to reduce delay)

24. Bringing awareness among the public regarding crime activity in

villages with the inclusion of voluntary organizations. (Use: to bring

awareness among all sects of society).

25. “Live and let live” should be included in the curriculum of schools.

Factionism and its impact on society should be included in the school

syllabus. (Use: Thoughts against violence should be initiated in the

tender minds at school level).

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