eye edu-1=best uploaded s li-de-$hare=by=dr.navaid.of.eye$=2014..0nwards
DESCRIPTION
Eye-EducationTRANSCRIPT
ST. VALENTINE =
THE ROYAL RED ROMEO = AT FORUM = FOCUS ON
FORUM::CLIFTON::KARACHI::PAKISTAN::S.ASIA MEET MARRIOTT MAN.KHI
***************************************************************************************
*****ViTAL-SiGN$*****2-MiN..8-POiNT........EYE-EXAM.(USA ViA
NET)*****
1.VA=Visual Acuity & Color Vision = CV; 2.VF= Visual
Fields={Confrontation Test}; 3.Ocular Motility; 4.Pupil$;
5.Ext.Exam.of.Eye$; 6.External Eye Surface${Adnexae};
7. IOP{Intra-Ocular Pressure}........8.
Ophthalmoscopy{DDO>D.Oph.>BIO}********NaVaiD=NQ*
**********************************EYE -
EDUCATiON****************************
**************************************************************************
****
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*NEW=NaVaiD'$.eYe.WORLD********************
EYE CASE-TAKiNG:-
A-OCULAR HiSTORY+ {22 +} Presenting Complaints:-1.Blurred
Vision; 2.Hazy Vision; 3.Foggy Vision; 4.Cloudy Vision; 5.Distorted
Vision; 6.Double-Vision{diplopia}; 7.REDNESS; 8.Discomfort;
9.FB Sensation; 10.Irritation; 11.Itching; 12.Pain{Eye-Ache};
13.Aversion to Light{Photophobia}; 14.Discharge{Watery or
Mucoid}; 15.Watering; 16.Flashes of Light {Photopsia};
17.Floaters{Muscae Volitantes}; 18.Faded Colours{Color WashOut};
19.Curtain; 20.Night-Blindness{Nyctalopia}; 21.Tunnel Vision
{Tubular Vision}; 22.Sudden
Blindness={Amaurosis}=Transient=>Amaurosis Fugax & in Red-
Eye={ACG} & in White-Eye =
{Ac.CRAO}!............................................................................................
...........................................
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OCULAR EXAMiNATiON:-
I-SUBJECTIVE:
ViSiON= a- ViSUAL ACUiTY= VA=DV=DISTANT VISION ^ ^
NV=NEAR VISION
b- COLOUR VISION=CV= RED; GREEN; BLUE
c- VISUAL FiELDS= VF = CENTRAL & PERIPHERAL
& Misc.Terms= Spatial Acuity + Vernier Acuity + Contrast
Sensitivity...
*******
****PURKiNJE iMAGE$= 1 > 2 > 3 >4= Images 1 & 4 are seen e naked
eyes using pen-torch with Convex Ant.Surface of Cornea as 1st image
& 4th image from concave post.surface of post. lens capsule! Moving
torch R to L:First image moves with & Fourth image{Final Image}
moves against as due to 'parallax method'! Third image may be seen
in Immature Cataract swaying with light moves in the Pupil that is
pharmacologically dilated!**
****SiGNS of APHAKIA After ICCE from Outside to Inside are:-
1.LiMBAL WOUND MARK=STiTCHED or HEALED^SEALED+ 2.
DEEP CENTRAL A/C DEPTH+ 3. TREMULOUS IRiS = "
IRiD0D0NESIS+ 4.PI= Peripheral iRiDECTOMY{12 O'Cl0ck!}+
5."JET-BLACK PUPiL"+ 6.ABSENT 3rd^4th PURKiNJE iMAGE$!.....
II-OBJECTIVE:
* FAC E :: **NECK:: **LYMPH NODES= PreAuricular &
SubMandibular Lymphadenopathy
****CLR=Corneal Light Reflex=Hirschberg's test; *****Cover Tests
{CT}=.Cover-Test >. Cover-Uncover Test>. Alternating Cover Test;
******Combination b/w CLR & CT; *******EOM movements= 6
Cardinal+2+1 Straight+Convergence= Total=10! ********O/I=
Oblique Illumination=.Pen-Light::P/L+Ophthalmic Loupe::+Purkinje-
Sanson Images + Eclipse Test+Iris Shadow+PLR+Slit-Lamp Bio-
Microscope= SLE; ::*********Distant Direct
Ophthalmoscopy=DDO.....!
O C U L A R - E X A M:- RIGHT EYE = [RE] ^^ LEFT EYE =[LE]
1*ORBiT$=R^L...................................7*A/
C=Ant.Chamber=R^L
2*LACRiMAL$=R^L...........................8*IRiS=R^L
3*LiD$^LASHE$=R^L........................9*PUPiL$=PPP=RRR=R^L4*CONJUNCTiVA=R^L.......................10*NATURAL
LENS=C^C=R^L
5*EPiSCLERA^SCLERA=R^L.............11*ViTREOUS GEL=R^L
6*C O R N E A=R^L.............................12*FUNDUS
OCULI=R^L
---------------------------[OD++RBV=A+V++Ret.Quad$+
+Macula^Fovea*
*******{Special Point$}:-a*RETiNA= Parts=
Post.Pole=PP=Central Retina + PR= Peripheral Retina=4
Quadrants= ST+IN+SN+IT Vortex Quad$*****
*******UnderGrad$::=)*Macula lutea>.*Fovea centralis!
*******Post-Grad$::=))*Post.Pole=>*Peri-Fovea=>*Para-
Fovea=>*F0vea
=>F0VE0LA=Fovea.Centralis*=>FAZ=Foveal Avascular Zone=>Clivus=>Umbo!*********NEW=Navaid's.Eye.World*^*nWo=New.World.Order!********************************************************************************************Special-Snippet$::))=-*P/L Ex.**S/L Ex.***PUPiL$=RRR=PERRLA=PPP=Physiological+Physical ^^ Pharmacological ^^ Pathological Pupils={Neurological}.****Pupillary Reflexe$ = PLR=Pupillary Light Reflex= Variants= .Direct ^ ..Consensual ^...Swinging Flash-Light test..^^..+..^Pupillary Near Reflex='Near-Synkinesis'!Diff. b/w PHAKIA Vs. APHAKIA ..^^.. Diff. b/w APHAKIA after ICCE vs. ECCE .. ^^ECCE Vs. PHACO= [Phaco-Emulsification] & 1-2-3-4 Purkinje-Sanson images via PenTorch Exam! with "Glistening Reflex= Magnified Shining 3rd Purkinje image of the Ant.Convex surface of the +22D capsular-bag IOL {whether Rigid PMMA "IOL" or "Foldable"
Silicone or present-day 'Acrylic' IOL$ or latest BiFocal or Multi-Focal or injectable-gel or moldable "Accommodating" 'capsular-bag "IOL$"!**********Analyze My Own Original Unseen Hand-Drawn Labelled-Diagrams::"Pupillary-Path$"+with+"Visual-Pathways"!*Dr.NaVaiD the Eye- Specialist Teacher for Medical Students in Pursuit for Excellence!Dr.Navaid,FCPS***********For iNF0 cum Queries:Contact on<[email protected]*******************SMS=INT'L=00 92 344 220 1289 & NAT'L=0344 220 1289********BEST of LUCK :HERE & iN HEAVEN::NaVaiD::Navaid Qureshi::NQ**************************************************************************** Vogue of Viva-Voce="VIVA"=Optimum Expression of Knowledge***
My{NaVaiD}{BEST} PATTERN of TAKiNG ViVA-V0CE=TABLE-VIVA=EYE-OPENER:Dichotomous Branching Network=1-2-4-8=Type:-Questions & AnswersApplied Optics & Applied Organics:-{Concise Definitions}:-*OPTICS:-1*Emmetropia; 2*Ametropia; 3*Refractive Errors{Types^Tech.Def.}4*VisioN=Variants= Visual Acuity= VA =>variants=>DV=Distance Vision=6M= &
NV=Near Vision=33 cm.=; Snellens' Principle & Pin-Hole testings; 5*Treatments of Myopia, Hyperopia & Astigmatism=Variants; 6*Mech.of Accommodation & Applied{"Presbyopia"}!>>>>>*****>>>>><<<<<
*ORGANICS:-1*Facial [CN Vii]Paralysis=Bell's Palsy=Lagophthalmos+Bell's phenomenon; 2*Torticollis=Surgical {CN.XI}vs.Ocular [CN.iV}; 3*Lymphadenopathy = Pre-Auricular & Sub-Mandibular; {Acute Epidemic AdenoViral (Serotype-8) Conjunctivitis}!DiViDe iNT0 TWO EYE$ = RiGHT=OD & LEFT OS = BOTH=OU:- {Equal Symmetry of Observations into RE >>^or^>> LE as Follows:- A)ORBiT:- 1*Anatomy & Walls & Contents; 2*Exophthalmos; 3*Enophthalmos; 4*Anophthalmos; * 5*Comparison b/w Exophthalmos = bilateral ={Graves' disease} vs Proptosis={unilateral}=(IntraOrbital SOL!)=pushing lesions=R/L!
B)LACRIMAL$:-1*LAC.PASSAGE$; 2*TEARING ; 3*LACRIMATION; 4*EPIPHORA; 5*DACRYO-ADENITIS; 6*DACRYO-CYSTITIS; 7*Cong.NLD Occlusion8*REGURGiTATiON Test; 9*DRY EYES; 10*SCHiRMER'S Test; 11*WATERiNG EYE$12*JONES' Test; Tear BUT=Break-Up Time; 13*PR0BiNG; 14*DCT; 15* DCR{Toti's}!
C) LiD$^LASHE$:-1*Parts; 2*Positional Defects=Ptosis,etc & 3*Blepharitis= Squamous^Staphylococcal; 4*Lesions:like Chalazion=Meibomian Cyst; Stye; Hordeolum=Ext^Int. 5* "Rodent Ulcer"{BCC}; SCC{"Epithelial Pearls"}; SGC.
D) CONJUNCTIVA:-1*Portions=.Bulbar=Nasal^Temporal; ..Palpebral=Marginal +Tarsal+Orbital;...Forniceal=Sup^Inf. ....Limbal (Circumferential); .....Plica semilunaris{Vestigial}!::2*Acute CONJUNCTiViTi$= iNFECTIVE {iRRiTATiON} & ALLERGiC {iTCHiNG}!
E) EPiSCLeRA & S C L E R A:-1*Episcleritis; 2*Scleritis=Focal^Sectoral^Diffuse3*Scleromalacia perforans;4*Posterior Scleritis; 5*Tenonitis...
F) C O R N E A :-1*Structure; 2*Clarity; 3*Reflective; 4*Refractive{+43D}5*Deturgescence; 6*Keratitis; 7*HSK="Dendritic Ulcer!"; 8*Corneal Abrasion; 9*Corneal Ulcers; 10*Hypopyon Ulcer; 11*HZO; 12*Hutchinson's $ign^Triad! 13*RK ^ LASIK = PhotoAblation = Kerato-Refractive Surgery!
G) A/C= Depth=2.5 mm!; Clarity! Contents! {Ac.ANTERiOR UVEiTi$}!= Aq.Turbitdity=Aq.Flare!+ Aq.Cells! + Iris Bombe! + IridoDialysis! +irido-donesis!PI+P.iridectomy+Hyphaema+Hypopyon+Inverse Hypopyon!+Reverse Hypopyon!
H) PUPiL$=..=PPP= a-Physical=Anisocoria; Polycoria; Occlusio-Pupillae; Seclusio-Pupillae; Festooned Pupil! + D- or Boat-shaped Pupil! b-Pharmacological= Mydriasis{Tropicamide; CyclopentolateHomatropine; Atropine!}**&**Miosis{Pilocarpine & Eserine!}...
c- Pathological= {esp.Neurological}= Adie's syndrome; Argyll-
Robertson pupil; Hutchinson's pupil; RAPD; Amaurotic pupil; Pin..Pupils!..etc.etc.
I) NATURAL LENS = Clear CRYSTALLiNE !^or^ Cloudy CATARACTOUS !! *LEN$ LAMELLAE; OPTiCAL SECTiON Via SLiT-LAMP BiO-MiCROSCOPE! ICCE=>ECCEPHACO=PhacoEmulsification; RiGiD IOL$^F0LDABLE^M0LDABLE IOLs!!
J)= RETINA= Embryology>Histology=Structure> Anatomical Landmarks= PP+ Peri-^Para-Fovea; Macula lutea; Fovea^Foveola{Fovea centralis}!Equator^Ora Serrata..
H= OPTiC NERVES & OPTiC CHiASMA & OPTiC TRACT$ ^PUPiLLARY PATHS & ViSUAL-PATHWAY$=>>={NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY}=See Diagram=PP^VP*NQ********************************NaVaiD**************************************
*************************eye-edu********************************CAUSES OF BLINDNESS=<60>=***NaVaiD'$***NEW=Navaid's.Eye.World=NQ
A) SUDDEN:- I. White Eye= 1. CRAO=CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERIAL OCCLUSION + 2. OPTIC NERVE AVULSION (with Sudden Severe Ocular trauma); 3. CRVO= CENTRAL RETINAL VENOUS OCCLUSION + 4. MACULAR RETINAL DETACHMENT...
II. Red Eye$ = 4. SEVERE PHYSICAL (MECHANICAL) OCULAR TRAUMA {BLUNT OR PENETRATNG}; 5. CHEMICAL 'LIME' BURNS ...
B) ACUTE:- I.Red Eye$= 7. ACUTE SEVERE CONGESTIVE GLAUCOMA; 8. ACUTE SEVERE ANTERIOR UVEITIS; 9. ACUTE KERATITIS; 10.CENTRAL CORNEAL ULCER; 11.SEVERE STRIATE KERATITIS; 12.CENTRAL CORNEAL ABSCESS; 13.TOTAL HYPHAEMA; 14. PENETRATING OCULAR
TRAUMA; 15.ACUTE ORBITAL CELLULITIS; 16. ENDOPHTHALMITIS; 17. PANOPHTHALMITIS; 18. CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS; 19. HYPER-ACUTE^ACUTE CORNEAL GRAFT REJECTION; 20. OPHTHALMIA NEONATORUM; 21. GROSS KERATOMALACIA ; 22. GROSS HYPOPYON; 23.SYMPATHETIC OPHTHALMITIS...
II. White Eye $ = 24. ACUTE PAPILLITIS; 25. ACUTE RETROBULBAR NEURITIS; 26. ACUTE NEURO-RETINITIS; 27. "TOBACCO-ALCOHOL AMBLYOPIA; 28. ACUTE SOLAR MACULAR 'BURN'; 29. ACUTE POSTERIOR SCLERITIS; 30. ACUTE AION= Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy; 31. ViTREOUS HAEMORRHAGE; 32. ONCHOCERCIASIS {'RIVER-BLINDNESS'}; 33. GROSS RETINAL DETACHMENT with GIANT RETINAL TEARS.
C) CHRONIC:- (WHITE EYE$):- 34. ARMD={DRY-TYPE) AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION; 35. ARMD={WET-TYPE) AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION;36. CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE CATARACT$ ; 37. CHRONIC PROGRESSIVE GLAUCOMA; 38. PROGRESSIVE TRACHOMA; 39. PROGRESSIVE TOTAL PTERYGIUM / PTERYGIA; 40. CENTRAL CORNEAL OPACITIES=[LEUKOMA$]; CENTRAL CHORIORETINAL DYSTROPHIES =( 41. BEST'S Disease; 42.STARGARDT'S Disease;43.LEBER'S AMAUROSIS , etc..) & CENTRAL RETINO-CHOROIDITIS Diseases =[{ 44.TOXOPLASMOSIS ; 45.TOXOCARIASIS; 46.CMV RETINITIS =Post-AIDS}]; 47. MALIGNANT HYPERTENSIVE RETINOPATHY; 48. PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY with ViTREOUS HAEMORRHAGE; 49. ADVANCED CICATRICIAL & 50.EXUDATIVE GROSS RETINAL DETACHMENT including During ECLAMPSIA At The End of Pregnancy!+ Ofcourse= Last but Not the Least = 51.'UN-CORRECTED GROSS HYPEROPIC OR MYOPIC MERIDIONAL REFRACTIVE ERRORS!; Misc> 52. RETROLENTAL FIBRO-PLASIA=RLF; 53. PPHPV = POSTERIOR PERSISTENT HYPER-PLASTIC PRIMARY VITREOUS, 53. MACULAR HOLE; 54. PROGRESSIVE RB= RETINOBLASTOMA; 55. END-STAGE:RP= RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA !!!
[ALL CAUSES ^ CONDITIONS CONCEiVED FROM THE 'THINK-TANK' of Dr.NaVaiD QuReSHi,
MBBS; FCPS (OPHTH.) of EYE$ = ORiGiNAL=UN-AIDED = iN A SiTTiNG AT THE PC-DESKTOP ON
MY SEARCH-SITE For 2012!*NQ* 56. PROGRESSIVE RB= RETINOBLASTOMA; 57. END-STAGE:RP= RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA!; 58.
'LEGAL-BLINDNESS'!; 59. 'COLOR-BLINDNESS'!; 60.'NIGHT-BLINDNESS'!'[ALL CAUSES ^ CONDITIONS CONCEIVED FROM THE 'THINK-TANK' of Dr.NaVaiD QuReSHi, MBBS; FCPS (OPHTH.) of EYE$ = ORIGINAL=UN-AIDED = IN A SITTING AT THE PC-DESKTOP ON MY SEARCH-SITE For 2012!**NQ*===^60^===CAUSES of
POSSIBLE 'BLINDNESS'!* DeDiCaTeD to Dearest Student$:The TEACHER* NQ * *********************************************************<[email protected]>**********************************************************
******************************************************************************************************************************Navaid Qureshi
4:54 AM Sep 1, 2012•
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UNDER-GRADUATE THIRD & FOURTH YEARS MBBS EXAMINATION GUIDE ON THE REQUEST OF
STUDENTS FOR PROMOTING THEIR SUCCESS IN THEIR EXAMS & CLINICAL LIFE-STYLES:-{CONDENSED}
EYE-TOPICS:-
OPTICAL= REFRACTIVE ERROR$ ={MYOPIA+HYPEROPIA=ASTIGMATISM}+ PRESBYOPIA
• ORGANIC PARTS:-………………………………..{A……>……Z}……………………………………….
A-ORBIT; > B-EYE-LIDS; > C-CONJUNCTIVA; > D-EPISCLERA^SCLERA; > E-SQUINT$; > F-CORNEA; > G-
ANTERIOR CHAMBER; > H-PUPILS; > I-IRIS {&UVEAL TRACT}; > J-LENS {&CATARACTs}; . > K-VITREO-
RETINA; > L-MACULAE; > M-OPTIC DISC$; > N-OPTIC NERVE$; O-OPTIC CHIASMA; > P-OPTIC TRACT$; > Q-
PUPILLARY PATHWAYS; >. R-LATERAL GENICULATE BODIES; > S-ANTERIOR UPPER PARIETAL OPTIC
RADIATION; > ;T-ANTERIOR INFERIOR TEMPORAL OPTIC RADIATION; > U-MIDDLE CONDENSED OPTIC
RADIATIONS;…>..V-POSTERIOR FANNING-OUT OPTIC RADIATION$ > W-OCCIPITAL VISUAL STRIATE
CORTEX > X-PARASTRIATE VISUAL CORTEX > Y-PERISTRIATE VISUAL CORTEX. > Z--OCCIPTAL POLE.
3rd YEAR MBBS STUDENTS = BASICS=ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY,PATHOLOGY, PHARMACOLOGY+MISC.
4th YEAR MBBS STUDENTS = CLINICALS = PRESENTATIONS & MANAGEMENT 0F CLINICAL SCENARIOS.
10 SLIDES TEST with TiMER & To J0T D0WN DiSCRETE DESCRiPTiVE P0INT$:DiAGN0SiS;RELEVANT Q’s…
TABLE-VIVA=MONTHLY=2 EXAMINER${INTERNAL] & F0R FINAL$=4 EXAMINER$ with 2 EXTERNAL$ ….
EVERY EXAM.IS BOUND TO BE DiFFERENT OFCOURSE & NEEDS FULL REVIEW^REVISION^KNOWLEDGE:
THIS EXPLAINS ONE FACET OF FORMAT BUT UN-OFFICIAL. TO CONSULT WITH INTERNAL EXAMINER$..
SOME COMMON QUESTIONS ON THESE IMPORTANT TOPICS COULD BE ASKED IN VARIOUS WAY$:-
1. EXOPHTHALMOS VS. PROPTOSIS; 2. PTOSIS; 3. CHALAZION; 4.STYE; 5.BLEPHARITIS; 6. ACUTE
INFECTIVE & 7.ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS ; 8. D/D of RED EYE$; 9.CHRONIC CONJUNCTIVITIS
{TRACHOMA}; 10.DiFF b/w EPISCLERITIS & SCLERITIS; 11. SQUINTS= TYPES & MANIFESTATIONS &
MANAGEMENTs; 12. CORNEAL CLINICAL TESTS; 13. CORNEAL ABRASION; 14.CORNEAL FB. 15. CORNEAL
ULCER; 16. CORNEAL OPACITY; 17. KERATO-REFRACTIVE SURGERY; 18.AQUEOUS & ACUTE ANTERIOR
UVEITIS{Ac.IRIDO-CYCLITIS}; 19.GLAUCOMA; 20.ACUTE CONGESTIVE GLAUCOMA; 21. CHRONIC SIMPLE
GLAUCOMA{POAG}; 22.GLAUCOMATOUS VISUAL FIELD DEFECT$; 23. MODALITIES of THERAPIES for
GLAUCOMA; 24. PUPiL$= PHYSICAL & PHARMACOLOGICAL VARIATIONS; 25. LENS:-PARAMETER$; 26.
FOCUSSING & ACCOMMODATION; 27.CATARACT$= TYPES; 28. MANAGEMENTS; 29.CATARACT
EXTRACTIONS; 30. PHACO with FOLDABLE IOL IMPLANT$; 31.. VITREOUS HAEMORRHAGE;
32.ENDOPHTHALMITIS; 33.NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY= OVERALL CONCEPT & IMPORTANCE; .34. RETINA =
TOPOGRAPHY ; 35. RETINA: STRUCTURE; 36.RETINAL CLINICAL FUNCTION TESTS TO DEPICT DISEASES;
37.DIABETIC EYE DISEASE {DIABETIC RETINOPATHY{DR},etc.}; 38. HYPERTENSIVE RETINOPATHY {HR}; 39.
INTRICATE CONCEPT of ViTRE0-RETiNAL SURGERY; 40.MACULA: PARAMETER$; 41.MACULA:DiSEASES; ..
42.OPTIC DISC${NERVE-HEADs}: -PARAMETERS; 43.PAPILLITIS^OPTiC NEURITiS; 44.PAPILLOEDEMA;
45.PUPILLARY PATHWAY ; 46.PLR; 47.NEAR SYNKINESIS; 48.VISUAL PATHWAYS; 49 VARIOUS VISUAL
FIELD DEFECTS; …..50.MiSCELLANEOU$ CLiNiCAL FACET$ of OPHTHALMOLOGY :-
REFRACTIVE^PHARMA..*************************Q**********************************************
Navaid Qureshi
11:27 AM Aug 18, 2012•
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THANKS TO GLOBAL "GOOGLE" & "YOUTUBE" & FOR ALL THEIR TECHNICAL AID$ FOR THESE
FLAMBOYANT TIAD OF SUPER-SITE$ 0f MiNE:Dr.NaVaiD.* Many Thanks for the Pre-Approved MP3 Songs as
given the Option to use along My clip or clips as allowed . Great!
<sites.google.com/site/MagnificentManNavaid>::<www.youtube.com/user/
MrNevadaNevada1>::<www.youtube.com/MrNevadaNevada>.
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>[email protected]<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
************************************NaVaiD.*NQ***************************************