extremity trauma. objectives identify and treat fractures and soft tissue injuries in a tactical...
TRANSCRIPT
Musculoskeletal Presentation
• Pain
• Swelling
• Discoloration
• Temperature change
• Numbness/tingling
• Loss of function
Musculoskeletal Evaluation
• History• Physical examination
– skin breaks– tenderness– swelling– discoloration– distal pulses– sensory exam– motor exam
Musculoskeletal Treatment
• Prevention• “RICE”• Analgesic
– Tylenol• Analgesic & Anti-inflammatory
– Aspirin– Ibuprofen (Motrin/Ranger Candy)– Naprosyn
Fractures
• Any break in the continuity of a bone
• May vary from a simple crack to a completely shattered bone
FX Femur
Ecchymosis
• Discoloration caused by bleeding in tissue
• Blood migrates toward skin and changes color with time
Dislocations
• Disruption of a joint such that the bone ends are no longer in contact
• Torn ligaments and capsule
Knee Joint
• Femur, Tibia, and Patella
• Largest hinge joint in body
• Held together by complex ligaments
• Susceptible to injury
Knee Injuries
• Ligaments and cartilage injuries are common
• Swelling, pain, limited ROM
• Frequent athletic injury
• Splint entire femur and tibia
Dislocation of the Knee
• Severe deformity
• Popliteal artery commonly injured
• If pulse is present, splint in deformed position
• If pulse is absent, attempt once to realign limb and splint where pulse is strongest (RGR (RGR MEDIC)MEDIC)
Ankle Injuries
• Usually result from twisting, indirect force
• Fracture, dislocations, sprains can occur
• Swelling and deformity• Note circulation• Immobilize with padding
and splint
Sprain
• Partial, temporary joint dislocation
• Ligaments torn or stretched
• May produce discoloration
Management of Closed Injuries
• R - Rest
• I - Ice
• C - Compression
• E - Elevation
• S - Splint (SAM Splints and cravats or ACE wraps)
• R/O fracture