extremitas caudalis (hind limb)
DESCRIPTION
EXTREMITAS CAUDALIS (HIND LIMB). THE HIND LIMB HAVE FOUR SEGMENTS :. CINGULUM MEMBRI PELVINA (PELVIC GIRDLE). FEMURALIS (THIGH). CRURIS (LEG). PEDIS (PES). OSSA COXARUM. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
EXTREMITAS CAUDALIS
(HIND LIMB)
THE HIND LIMB HAVE FOUR SEGMENTS :
CINGULUM MEMBRI PELVINA
(PELVIC GIRDLE)
FEMURALIS (THIGH)
CRURIS (LEG)
PEDIS (PES)
OSSA COXARUM
THE OSSA COXARUM ARE COMPOSED OF THE OS COXAE
OF EACH SIDE, WHICH FORM A CARTILAGINOUS JOINT
ALONG THE MEDIAN LINE (PELVIC SYMPHYSIS).
THE PELVIC SYMPHYSIS, IN TURN, CONSISTS OF THE
PUBIC SYMPHISIS AND THE ISCHIATIC SYMPHYSIS.
THE COXAE CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF THREE PARTS,
* OS ILEUM
* OS ISCHIUM ACETABULUM
* OS PUBIS
PELVIS
ILEUMISCHIUM
PUBISACETABULUM
FOR.OBT.
il is
p
GAMBARAN UMUM PELVIS PADA BEBERAPA SPESIES
Ileum
Pubis Ischium
CAVUM PELVIS OS COXAE + OS SACRUM + OS Cy I – III VENTRAL = OS ISCHIUM + OS PUBIS DORSAL = OS SACRUM + OS Cy I – III LATERAL = OS ILEUM + OS ISCHIUM PELVIS INLET (APPERTURA PELVIS
CRANIALIS) PELVIS OUTLET (APPERTURA PELVIS
CAUDALIS)
OS ILEUM KUDATUBER SACRUM
TUBER COXAE
CRISTA ILIACA
CORPUS OSSIS ILEUM
ALAE OSSIS ILEUM
INSERTIO TENDON M. RECTUS FEMORIS
OS ILEUMINCISSURA
ISCHIADICA MAJOR
SPINA ISCHIADICA
INCISSURA ISCHIADICA MINOR
OS ISCHIUM SAPI(lateral view)
CORPUS
TABULA
INC. ISC. MINOR
TUBER ISCHIADICUM
SYMPHISIS PELVIS
OS ISCHIUM SAPI(medial view)
TUBER ISCHIADICUM
TABULA
RAMUS OSSIS ISCHII
ARCHUS ISCHIADICUS
OS PUBIS KUDA (DORSAL)
OS PUBIS KUDA (DORSAL)
FACIES PELVINA
OS PUBIS KUDA (DORSAL)
EMINENTIA ILIOPUBICUM
SULCUS A/V/N OBTURATORIUS
ACETABULUM
FACIES LUNATA
FOSSA ACETABULARIS
INCISSURA ACETABULARIS
FORAMEN OBTURATORIA
OS FEMURThigh bone, is the largest and most massive of the long
bones. It extends obliquely distally and craniad,
articulating with acetabulum proximally and the
tibia and patella distally.
The structure of the thigh bone, divided into 3 part :
1. Extremitas proximalis
2. Corpus ossis femoris
3. Extremitas distalis
EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL OSSIS FEMUR
CORPUS OSSIS FEMUR
EXTREMITAS DISTAL OSSIS FEMUR
CAPUT FEMUR
FOVEA CAPITIS
COLLUM FEMUR
PARS CAUDAL TROCHANTER MAJOR
PARS CRANIAL TROCHANTER MAJOR
FEMUR HORSE(CAUDAL VIEW)
TMjTMj
TTTMn
INCISSURA TROCHANTERICA
CI
FTFT
ONLY IN HORSE
CORPUS FEMUR
TROCHANTER TERTIUS
FOSSA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA (FOSSA PLANTARIS)
EXTREMITAS DISTAL OS FEMUR
CONDYLUSTROCHLEA
TUBERCULUM TROCHLEARIS MEDIALIS
TUBERCULUM TROCHLEARIS LATERALIS
CONDYLUS MEDIALIS
CONDYLUS LATERALIS
*
*
OS PATELLA (CRANIAL)BASIS
APEX
MARGO MEDIAL
MARGO LATERAL
OS PATELLA (CAUDAL)
PROC. CARTILAGINOUS
OS TIBIA et FIBULAEXT. PROX. TIBIA
CORPUS TIBIA
EXT. DISTAL TIBIA
OS FIBULA
EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL TIBIA
CONDYLUS LATERALISCONDYLUS
MEDIALIS
TUBEROSITAS TIBIALIS
EXTREMITAS PROXIMAL TIBIA
EMINENTIA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
T.I.LAT. T.I.MED.
CMCL
TT
STTSE
IP
CORPUS OS TIBIA
TUBEROSITAS TIBIALIS
TUBERCULUM TIBIALIS
CRISTA TIBIALISIMPRESIO A/V. TIBIALIS
SULCUS TENDON M. EXT. DIG. LATERALIS
SPATIUM INTEROSSEUS CRURIS
LINEA POPLITEA
INCISSURA POPLITEA
LIGAMENTUM CRUCIATUM CAUDALIS
EXTREMITAS DISTAL OS TIBIA (COCHLEA TIBIA)
MALLEOLUS LATERALIS
MALLEOLUS MEDIALIS
FUSI TIBIA & FIBULA
SULCUS ARTICULARIS
FOSSA SYNOVIALIS
OSSA TARSUSANIMAL ∑ TALUS CALCA
NEUSCENTRALE IV III II I
HORSE 6 + + + + + - FUSI -
COWRUMINA
NSIA
5 + + - FUSI - - FUSI - +
PIG 7 + + + + + + +
DOG 7 + + + + + + +
VARIASI OSSA TARSUS
OS CALCANEUSTUBER CALCIS
DORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEWLATERAL VIEW
DORSAL VIEW
SULCUS CALCANEI
FACIES ARTICULARIS TALARES
FOSSA SYNOVIALIS (SINUS TARSI)
LATERAL VIEW
PROCESSUS CORACOIDEU
S
TUBER CALCIS
PLANTAR VIEW
SULCUS TENDON M. FLEXOR DIGITI I HALLUCIS LONGUS
SUSTENTACULUM TALI
OS TALUSDORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEWLATERAL VIEW
DORSAL VIEW
TROCHLEA TALI
FACIES ARTICULARIS NAVICULARIS
PLANTAR VIEW
FACIES ARTICULARIS CALCANEI
FOSSA SYNOVIALIS (SINUS TARSI)
OS METATARSAL
DORSAL VIEW PLANTAR VIEW
COWHORSE
PERBEDAAN MC - MT
METACARPALMETATARSAL
PELVIC GIRDLE
OS SACRUM
OSSA CAUDALIS
OSSA COXAE
AXIALIS
OS FEMUR
OS TIBIA
OS FIBULA
OS PATELLA
OSSA TARSAL
OSSA METATARSAL
OSSA PHALANX
OSSA SESSAMOIDEA
PELVIS INLET
DORSAL = BASIS OSSIS SACRUM
LATERAL = LINEA ILIOPECTINEAL
VENTRAL = PECTEN OSSIS PUBIS
PELVIS INLET HAS TWO PRINCIPAL DIAMETERS ;
KONJUGATA ANATOMICA
(SACROPUBICUM) =
is measured from the sacral promontory to the cranial end of the symphysis.
TRANSVERSARIUM =
Is measured at the greatest width, i.e. just dorsal to the psoas tubercle.
K T
PELVIS OUTLET
DORSAL = OS VERT. Cy III
VENTRAL = ARCHUS ISCHIADICUS
In the fresh state, it is completed laterally by
the broad sacrotuberal ligament and the
semimembranosus muscle, thus enclosing the
perineum.
ALLAE OSSIS ILEUM Its gluteal surface faces dorsolaterally and caudally. The wide part
is crossed by the curved gluteal line, which extends from the
middle of the medial border toward the coxal tuber. This surface
gives attachment to the glutei medius et profundus.
The sacropelvina surface faces in the opposite direction.
The iliac surface is roughned for ligamentous attachment and bears
an irregular facet, the auricular surface, for articulation with the
sacrum.
TUBER SACRUMTHE STRUCTURE AT THE
CARNIVORA IS MORE
PROMINENCE, WHICH CALLED
SPINA ILIACA DORSALIS.
OCCASIONALLY, ITS STRUCTURE
HAVE TWO PROMINENCE
PECTEN OSSIS PUBIS
PECTEN OSSIS PUBIS
The cranial border of the pubis.
Laterally it bears the rough iliopubicum eminence.
Near the symphysis is a variable porminance,
the ventral pubicum tubercle.
EMINENTIA ILIOPUBICUM
LATERAL PECTEN OSSIS PUBICUMCONTINUED WITH
LINEA ILIOPECTINEAL
The acetabulum is a cotyloid cavity which lodges the head of the femur.
It faces ventrolaterally and consist of an articular and a non-articular part.
The articular part (facies lunata) is crescentic and is cut into internally by a rough non articular depression, the acetabular fossa.
The medial part of the rim is correspondingly cut into a foramen by the transverse acetabular ligament in the fresh state and transmite the accessory ligament and the ligament to the head of the femur.
THE SITE OF UNITED TWO BONES :
1. OS ISCHIUM
2. OS PUBIS
OS PUBIS HORSE (DORSAL)
CORPUS FEMUR
FACIES CRANIALIS, LATERALIS
ET MEDIALIS CLOSED BY
QUADRICEPS FEMORIS MUSCLE
FACIES CAUDALIS CLOSED BY
ADDUCTOR MUSCLE
TROCHANTER TERTIUS POSITION AT LATERAL&
ONLY AT THE FEMUR HORSENOT OTHER ANIMALS
MARGINAL RIDGE OF THE FOSSA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA IS CALLED
CRISTA SUPRACONDYLOIDEA LATERALIS&
THIS STRUCTURE DOES NOT FIND AT THE DOG AND PIG
FOSSA OF THE POPLITEAL MUSCLE
FOSSA EXTENSORIA,
THE SITE FOR ATTACH THE TENDON OF:
1. EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUM MUSCLE
2. PERONEUS TERTIUS MUSCLE
• The synonim is
cartilago patellaris• Cartilago patelllaris
of the carnivora find
at the lateral, called
cartilago patellaris
lateralis or
fibrocartilago
parapatellaris and the
medial , called
cartilago patellaris
medialis
EMINENTIA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
THE SYNONIME IS SPINA TIBIALIS ITS STRUCTURE CONSISTS OF TUBERCULUM INTERCONDYLOIDEA
LATERALIS ET MEDIALIS ITS NOT ARTICULATES AREA
THE MENISCUS ATTACHED AT THIS SITE THE CRANIAL & CAUDAL AREA OF THE
SPINA CALLED FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
CRANIALIS
FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
CENTRALIS
FOSSA INTERCONDYLOIDEA
CAUDALIS
CONDYLUS LATERALIS
BIGGER THAN CONDYLUS MEDIALIS, SQUARE,
SOMEWHAT SHADLE-SHAPED AT SURFACE
ITS HAS AN OVERHANGING LATERAL MARGIN,
CALLED MARGO INFRAGLENOIDALES, DISTAL TO
WHICH THERE IS A FACET FOR ARTICULATION WITH
THE HEAD OF FIBULA
AT THE SURFACE FIND A GROOVE FOR ATTACHED
THE TENDON OF POPLITEAL MUSCLE