University Of Karachi

CHEMICAL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY

(Practical file)

Syed Saad AhmedB-0933040B.E 3rd Year

Chemical Engineering

Submitted To:Ma’am Khehkashan

CHEMICAL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY 2012

Experiment no. 3

OBJECT:

Extraction of oil from mustard seeds using n-hexane as solvent

APPARATUS AND REAGENTS:

Soxhlet extractor. Reflux condenser. Round bottom flask. Measuring cylinder. Heating mantle. n-hexane and mustard seeds.

PROCEDURE:

Take 100 g mustard seeds and crush them properly. Make a thimble of filter paper and put seeds in this thimble. Insert the thimble in the extractor in such a way that it remains below the tube’s opening. Take 300 ml n-hexane in round bottom flask. Attach extractor at the top of round bottom flask and fix it, now attach condenser on the top of extractor. Start heating until n-hexane boils, when n-hexane starts vigorously boiling, stop heating and after 1-2 minutes again start heating. This will be repeated throughout the practical.

When solution coming from seeds, fill completely the tube it automatically comes down to the round bottom flask, this is called 1 complete cycle. When 10 cycles are completed turn of the heating. This will be the end of the extraction process. Now take out the solution and note the volume.

RESULT:

Volume of solution is found to be: 226 ml

DISCUSSION:

Edible oils are made from respective oil seeds by extraction process and there are some national as well as regional brands. India is perhaps the largest producer and consumer of different types of edible oils.Mustard oil is preferred as a cooking medium. But it is excellent for massage during winters. Mustard oil is considered to be oil that has low saturated fat as compared to other cooking oils. It has antioxidant and cholesterol reducing properties. It is also loaded with essential vitamins. The oil contents depend upon quality of seeds. The average recovery of oil is considered to be 30%. Hence to produce 72 tonnes of

2 Prepared By: Syed Saad Ahmed |

CHEMICAL PROCESS TECHNOLOGY 2012

edible oil per year at 100% capacity utilisation, mustard seeds to the extent of 240 tonnes shall be required.

Benefits:

Helps to stay away from coronary heart diseases It can be used as an antibacterial oil Helps to reduce hair fall through improved blood circulation if it is massaged

on scalp Stimulates digestion, circulation and excretory system Helps preventing fungal growth Helps making immune system strong Useful for treating cough and cold Protects teeth from germs if rubbed on gums and make gums strong Helps stimulating sweat glands and helps lowering body temperature Organic mustard oil helps preventing cancer

3 Prepared By: Syed Saad Ahmed |