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Exterior Wall Systems –
NFPA 285
Presented by:
David Hintz Senior Project Engineer
Exterior Wall Systems – Why Do We Test?
A broad range of components that are commonly used in exterior
wall construction happen to be very flammable. This can be
catastrophic when they are not protected properly.
• Insulations (foam plastics, batts and
blankets)
• Metal Composite and Aluminum
Composite Cladding (MCM/ACM)
• High Pressure Laminates (HPL)
• Water resistive and Air Barriers
(WRB)
Combustible Exterior
Insulation (Foam Plastic)
Combustible Air/Weather
Barrier over Exterior
Sheathing
Combusible Stud
Cavity Insulation
(Foam Plastic)
Exterior Wall Systems – Why Do We Test?
Torch Building Fire – Dubai
Exterior Wall Systems – Why Do We Test?
Torch Building Fire – Dubai
Exterior Wall Systems – Why Do We Test?
Monte Carlo Casino Fire – Las Vegas,
Exterior Wall Systems – Why Do We Test?
Water Club Tower Fire –
Atlantic City Mermoz Tower – France
Exterior Wall Systems
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“Fire Hazards of Exterior Wall Assemblies Containing Combustible Components”
- Fire Protection Research Foundation
NFPA 285 – FIRE PROPAGATION
ANSI/NFPA 285 – investigates the ability of a wall
assembly to:
1. Resist flame propagation over the exterior face of the
wall assembly,
2. Resist vertical flame propagation within the combustible
core or within other combustible components from one
story to the next,
3. Resist vertical flame propagation over the interior
surface of the wall assembly from one story to the next,
and
4. Resist lateral flame propagation from the compartment
of fire origin to adjacent compartments or spaces.
NFPA 285 – FIRE PROPAGATION
APPARATUS
• Two-story steel framed test
apparatus with rooms
opening to the front at each
floor.
• Each test room is app. 10 ft. x
10 ft. x 7 ft. high
• Two gas-fired burners
One inside the first story
room (burn room)
One underneath the header
of the first story window
opening
NFPA 285 – FIRE PROPAGATION
TEST PROCEDURE
• Burners are ignited to deliver same gas flows as determined
by calibration procedure. Adjustments are not made to those
gas flows, regardless of sample performance.
• 30 minute test duration.
• First 5 minutes – Interior first
floor room burner only.
• 5 – 30 mins – Interior first floor
room burner and exterior
window burner are in operation.
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 1 – Stud Construction Step 2 – Exterior Gypsum
and Joint Treatment
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 2 – Joint Treatment
Complete
Step 3 – Weather Barrier
Installation
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 3 – Weather Barrier
Install Complete
Step 4 – Exterior Insulation
and Brick Ties
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 5 – Stud Cavity
Insulation Install
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 6 – Brick
Veneer
Construction
NFPA 285 – EXAMPLE ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION
Step 7 – Test It!
NFPA 285 – Post Test Analysis
Step 8 – Post
Test Analysis
NFPA 285 – FIRE PROPAGATION
CONDITIONS OF ACCEPTANCE
• Temperatures at exterior of wall
must not exceed 1000 F at a
height of 10 ft. above the window
opening
• Exterior flames must not extend
vertically more than 10 ft. above
the window opening
• Exterior flames must not extend
horizontally more than 5 ft. from
the centerline of the window
opening
(red hatched area shows allowable
extents of flame propagation)
Agenda: Exterior Wall Systems – NFPA 285
• Why Do We Test Exterior Wall Assemblies?
• NFPA 285 – Testing and Requirements
• UL’s Certification Program for Exterior Wall
Assemblies & Components
Exterior Wall Systems & Components
20
UL launched two new certification categories also known as
Category Codes (CCN):
Exterior Wall Systems (FWFO)
- All Components within a system design
Exterior Wall System Components (FWFX)
- The System Design (EWS) incorporates all
components and description of components
Where can this be found? UL’s Online Directory and Building
Materials Directory
NFPA 285 – FWFX Components
UL MARK
Product identity: Exterior Wall System Component (FWFX)
The Certification Mark for these products includes the UL
symbol, the words "CERTIFIED" and "SAFETY," the
geographic identifier(s), file number, and the statement:
ANSI/NFPA 285
SYSTEM EWS0001
UL Online Certifications Directory
No charge to access
No passwords
Updated daily
Searchable
Keyword
Manufacturer
UL File Number
Standard used for evaluation
www.ul.com/database
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Exterior Wall Systems (FWFO)
Contact Us
David Hintz, Senior Project Engineer
PH: (847) 664-1285
E-mail: [email protected]
Dwayne Sloan, Principal Engineer
PH: (919) 549-1676
Email: [email protected]