extending abm approaches to national and continental scalesmiscanthus and short rotation coppicing...
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ExtendingABMapproachestonationalandcontinentalscales
MarkRounsevell
InstituteofGeography&theLivedEnvironmentSchoolofGeosciencesUniversityofEdinburgh
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Theuptakeofenergycrops(miscanthus andShortRotationCoppicing)
Howquicklyareclimatemitigationpoliciesadopted?
Alexander,P.,Moran,D.,Rounsevell,M.D.A.&Smith,P.(2013).Modellingtheperennialenergycropmarket:theroleofspatialdiffusion.JournaloftheRoyalSocietyInterface,10,20130656doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0656
Nationalscalemodelling:Agent-BasedModels(ABM)
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Simulationoftheuptakeofthebioenergycropsmiscanthus andshortrotationcoppicing
Alexanderetal.(2013).JournaloftheRoyalSocietyInterface,10,20130656
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EnergycropareaintheUK(1000ha)
OilseedrapeareainEnglandandW
ales(1000ha)
Yearssincebaseline
ObservedOilseedRape
Modelledperennialenergycrops
Timelagsinadaptation- historicoilseedrapedataforEnglandandWales,againstabaselineyearof1966,andmeanmodelledperennialenergycropareas,usingabaselineyearof2010
Alexander,P.,Moran,D.,Rounsevell,M.D.A.&Smith,P.(2013).Modellingtheperennialenergycropmarket:theroleofspatialdiffusion.JournaloftheRoyalSocietyInterface,10,20130656doi:10.1098/rsif.2013.0656
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Arneth,A.,Rounsevell,M.D.A.&Brown,C.(2014).Globalmodelsofhumandecision-makingforland-basedmitigationandadaptationassessment.NatureClimateChange,4,550–557
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Arneth,A.,Rounsevell,M.D.A.&Brown,C.(2014).Globalmodelsofhumandecision-makingforland-basedmitigationandadaptationassessment.NatureClimateChange,4,550–557
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ModellingAdaptation toGlobalChangeintheSwedishforestrysector
CRAFTY-SwedenModel
Society
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ModellingAdaptation toGlobalChangeintheSwedishforestrysector
CRAFTY-SwedenModel1km2 resolution
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ForestOwnerFunctionalTypes
(Blancoetal.2015)
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MappingandmodellingLandOwnerTypes
PineSpruceBorealBroadleafNemoralBroadleafPine– SprucePine– BorealBroadleaf(≥30%)Pine– BorealBroadleaf(<30%)Spruce– BorealBroadleaf(≥30%)Spruce– BorealBroadleaf(<30%)
ArtificialSurfaceAgricultureProtectedAreaNon-productiveForestSemi-naturalVegetationOpenSpaceWetlandWaterBodyUnmanaged
UnavailableFarmer(Commer/Non-commer +Cereal/Meat)
UnavailableUnavailableUnmanagedUnavailableUnmanagedUnavailableUnmanaged
Productionist PineProductionist SpruceProductionist Pine– SpruceProductionist BorealBr.Multi-objectivePine– SpruceMulti-objectivePine– BorealBr.Multi-objectiveSpruce– BorealBr.Multi-objectiveBorealBr.RecreationalistPine– SpruceRecreationalistBorealBr.RecreationalistNemoralBr.ConservationistBorealBr.ConservationistNemoralBr.PassivePine– BorealBr.PassiveSpruce– BorealBr.PassiveBorealBr.PassiveNemoralBr.
Land Use
Land Owner Types
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CompetitivenessofForestOwnerTypes
Num
bero
fAgents
Year
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Regionalland-usechanges(2010-2100)
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EcosystemServiceProvision(2010-2100)
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CopingAbilityofForestOwnerTypes
Coping Ability:
degree to which an
owner type can be at
least as competitive
under a global change
future (defined by the
scenarios) as under
present conditions
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SwedishForestryInstitutions
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ConceptualmodelofgenericinstitutionsintheSwedishforestrysector
InstitutionalTypes
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InstitutionalActionConceptualModel
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LandplannerpreferenceweightsforscenariosScenario Description ServiceSupply-DemandDifferences
Timber Biodiversity Recreation
TIMBERPROFUSION
Available forest land is managed primarily fortimber production while other services aretreated as secondary. Timber supply is very highto the point of substantially going beyond thedemand. The supply of biodiversity associatedwith production-oriented forests is low. Undersuch circumstances some recreation isprovided, but it does notmeet demand.
0.6 -0.5 -0.1
ENVIRONMENTALEDEN
A large proportion of the forest land is managedwith nature conservation as a primary objective.Supply of timber does not meet demand, whilebiodiversity is oversupplied. Recreation, beingpartly associated with levels of biodiversity, isalso supplied slightly beyond the demand.
-0.2 0.5 0.1
PERFECTEQUILIBRIUM
Forest land management seeks multi-functionality. Production levels of all threeservices are equal, but they do not meet thedemand.
-0.3 -0.3 -0.3
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Example:supplydemanddifference(SDD)
Institutions asemergentstructures?
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The CRAFTY model: continental scale applications
A1scenario
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Waysforward?
• Buildingthenextgenerationofhumandimensionsmodelsthatarebasedon:– Bettertheory– Morecompleteprocessrepresentation,e.g.individualdecisionmaking,adaptivelearning,agentevolution,institutionalemergence,…
– Multi-scalardynamics– Buildingfromthebottom-up,ratherthanthetopdown
• Doweneedtypologies,ormodelsof8billionagents?
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Modelsinalandusechangeinter-comparisonstudy
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Uncertainties in global scale land use models
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Global coefficient of variation and variance components
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Landusechangeinahypothetical regionwithglobalandregionalised demand
Arneth,A.,Rounsevell,M.D.A.&Brown,C.(2014).Globalmodelsofhumandecision-makingforland-basedmitigationandadaptationassessment.NatureClimateChange,4,550–557
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Economicmodeltype(CGEvsPE)forcropland
Source:PeterAlexander,UniversityofEdinburgh