ext ling world englishes
TRANSCRIPT
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World Englishes
Bridget GreenBased on
http://www.slideshare.net/aidenyeh/world-englishes
WTUC
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Alecture
Listen.
Ask questions.
Take notes.
Take a quiz using your notes.
Ready?
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English is a global language.
What does that mean?
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What are the top five languages?
Spanish
English
Mandarin
Hindi
Russian
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In order
1 Mandarin
2 English
3 Hindi
4 Spanish
5 Russian
The estimated ranking of languages when second language use is taken into
account. (Based on Ostler, 2005)
But Mandarin is
not considered a
global language.
Why not?
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Did you know?
English is spoken in countries on allfive continents.
www.mapsofworld.com
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Do you know?
Worldwide what percentage of people
speak English?
One outoffive!20%
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
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Did you know?
More than one and a half billion people arelearning English worldwide.
1,500,000,000Source: David Crystal Why English: The Historical Context
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Did you know?
More than _________% of the worldsscientists read in English.
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
66
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Did you know?
More than _________% of websites on theinternet are in English.
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
68
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Did you know?
More than _________% of the worlds mailis written in English.
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
75
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Did you know?
More than _________% of the worldselectronically stored information is written in
English.
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
80
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Did you know?
There are 350 million+ nativeEnglish speakers.
Source: English 2000 Factsand Figures by the British Council
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Did you know?
There are more than 1 billion non-native English speakers.
Source: David Crystal Why English: The Historical Context
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Compare:
non-native
English speakers
Source: David Crystal Why English: The Historical Context
native
English speakers
100 million+350 million x 31: 3
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Where did it start?
Native English speakers come from
many countries
Source: Kachru1992
UK
USA Canada
New Zealand
Australia
The Inner Circle
IrelandSouth Africa
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How many are there?
Distribution of Native English speakers by
country
Source: Wikipedia/David Crystal1997
Ireland
New Zealand
South Africa
etc
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And then what happened?
Source: Kachru1992
The OuterCircle
imperialism
apoliticalsystemin whichone country rulesalotofothercountries
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And then what happened?
Source: Kachru1992
The OuterCircle
colonialism
when apowerfulcountry rulesaweakerone,andestablishesitsown trade andsociety there
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And then what happened?
Source: Kachru1992
Bangladesh
GhanaIndia
KenyaMalaysia Pakistan
The Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
TanzaniaZambia
Nigeria
The OuterCircle
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The Outer Circle?
Source: Kachru1992
Bangladesh
GhanaIndia
KenyaMalaysia Pakistan
The Philippines
Singapore
Sri Lanka
TanzaniaZambia
Nigeria
Englishisusedinside the
country asan officiallanguage.
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And then what happened?
Source: Kachru1992
China
EgyptIndonesia
Israel
The Expanding Circle
Korea
Nepal
Saudia Arabia
Taiwan
RussiaZimbabwe
Nigeria
Japan
Englishisused by
professionalsin some contexts.
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The Expanding Circle?
Source: Kachru1992
China
EgyptIndonesia
IsraelKorea
Nepal
Saudia Arabia
Taiwan
RussiaZimbabwe
Nigeria
Japan
Englishisused by
professionalsin some contexts.
scientists
pilots
computer programmers
travel agents researchers
teachers
news media
etc.
Englishisrecognizedasan
importantinternational
language.
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English has been exported
English
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English
Native
American:
canoe,chipmunk,
skunk,
squash,
hurricane,avocado,
cocoa,
chili,
chocolate,
etc
Africa:chimpanzee,
trek,voodoo,
yam, etc
Middle East:alcohol,apricot,
zero,assassin,
giraffe,algebra,
etc
China:
ketchup,
chopsticks,bonsai,
yen,china,
tea,etc
Japan:
aikido,
banzai,bonsai,
futon,
haiku, judo,
kamikaze,
sake,
samurai,
tofu,sushi,
shogun,
tycoon,typhoon,
Zen,etc
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Different varieties of English
Source: Answers.com
Dialect = avariety ofalanguage distinguishedby pronunciation, grammar,andvocabulary
Why do
dialects
develop?
1. group
2. time
3. isolation
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Different varieties of English
Source: Answers.com
DialectsofEnglishhave
developedin allofthe countries
thatuse Englishdaily.
= innerandoutercircle countries
1. group
2. time
3. isolation
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Different varieties of English
Source: Answers.com
sounddifferent.
Carribean English: He come wit me datday.
NewZealand English: Ihevapine in my hid.
Indian English: Ihate topay the tex.
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Different varieties of English
use differentvocabulary.
Indian English: My headispaining.
African English: Youare looking very fat.
Australian English: Ifheswithin cooee,wellfindhim.
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Different varieties of English
use different grammar.
Indian English: Iam understanding aboutit.
Carribean English: Where_dat bai?
British English: Imfine. Ineednt goto_hospital.
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World EnglishesThis is why we say
World Englishes.
Its not one English.
Its many different Englishes.
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Language and dialect
Languages:
English, German, Japanese, etc.
Dialects:
South Asian English, British English, South
African English, American English, etc.
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Different varieties of English
Source: Wikipedia.com
Which Englishiscorrect?
British English because itwasfirst?
American Englishbecause ithasthe most
native speakers?
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All!
No dialect is more correct than any
other.
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Whats the difference?
Source: http://www.olestig.dk/scotland/weinreich.html
Whatsthe difference between a
language andadialect?
A language isa dialect
withan army anda navy.
A language is exactly the same asa dialect
but biggerandstronger.
HA!
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Why is this important?
English is a world language and has been for
hundreds of years. Each isolated group, over time, develops its own
dialect.
All dialects are correct.
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One dialect is not better thananother.
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Why learn about World Englishes?
Non-native speakers
1. getinternational jobs and
2. speak to othernon-native speakers from
other countries.
(= expanding circle)
use English to
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English
is a tool.
can be used in yourhomecountry.
can be used in other non-native
English-speaking countries.
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Remember:
non-native
English speakers
Source: David Crystal Why English: The Historical Context
native
English speakers 1: 3
It is highly likely
that most of your future contactin English
will be with other non-native speakers.
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World Englishes
A tool that you
can use for the
rest of your life!