export potential of vegetable crops in india

Export Potential of Vegetable crops in India

Speaker:Navneet Singh

F-15-05-M

Agriculture Scenario

• Agriculture is the largest provider of livelihood in rural

India

• It contributes 17 per cent to India’s GDP and employed 49

per cent of the total workforce in 2014

• It is still dependent primarily on the monsoons

• The growth in agricultural production has been stagnant for

the past several years

3

Indian Agriculture ScenarioSTRENGTHS• Rich Bio-diversity• Arable land• Climate• Strong and well dispersed research and extension system

OPPORTUNITIES• Crop yield• Exports• Agro-based Industry• Horticulture• Untapped potential in the N.E.

WEAKNESS• Fragmentation of land• Low Technology Inputs• Unsustainable Water Management• Poor Infrastructure• Low value addition

THREATS• Unsustainable Resource Use• Unsustainable Regional Development• Imports

HorticultureHorticulture is the science, art, technology and business

involved in intensive plant cultivation for human use. It is practiced from the individual level in a garden up to the activities of a multinational corporation. It is very diverse in its activities, incorporating plants for food (fruits, vegetables, mushrooms, culinary herbs) and non-food crops flowers, trees and shrubs, turf-grass, grapes, medicinal herbs.

Olericulture (Vegetable culture): This branch deals with the study of vegetable crops. Vegetables are nutritive food of plant origin which are normally cooked before consumption or eaten raw as salad. e.g. Cabbage, Tomato, Fenugreek.

Horticulture area in India

Vegetables41%

Fruit26%

Plantation15%

Spices14%

Aromatic3%

Flowers1%

Indian Horticulture Database-2015, NHB

Horticulture Production in India

Vegetables60%

Fruit31%

Plantation6%

Spices2%

Flowers0.9% Aromatic

0.1%


Importance of vegetable• Rich and comparatively cheaper source of vitamins.

• Good sources of carbohydrates (leguminous vegetables, sweet potato, potato,

onion, garlic and methi) proteins (peas, beams, leafy vegetables and garlic)

vitamin A (carrot, tomato, drumstick, leafy vegetables), Vitamin B (peas,

garlic and tomato), Vitamin C (green chillies, drumstick leaves, Cole crops,

leafy vegetables and leaves of radish) minerals (leafy vegetables, drumstick

pods )

• Help to solve food problem as yield of vegetable crops is 4 to 10 times more

than cereals

• Involve intensive cultural operations starting from sowing to marketing, it provides more and regular employment opportunities in rural areas.

• Posses high medicinal value for curing certain diseases. For instance, onion and garlic are found to possess antibacterial property

Global importance – VegetablesAccording to the production of different vegetables, India attain following ranks

• Vegetables – 2nd, 169.478 mil MT (China, 473.06 mil MT)

• Okra – 1st, 5.708 mil MT

• Brinjal – 2nd, 12.588 (China,24.50 mil MT)

• Cabbage – 2nd, 8.585(China, 25.16 mil MT )

• Cauliflower– 2nd, 7.926 mil MT (China, 7.55 mil MT)

• Onion– 2nd, 18.927 mil MT (China, 20.50)

• Potato– 2nd, 48.009 mil MT (China, 74.80 mil MT)

• Tomato– 2nd, 16.385 mil MT (China, 41.87 mil MT)


Top 5 vegetables producing countries

FAOSTAT data 2015.

51.30%

10.60%

3.01% 2.49% 2.08%

China 583,321,399 m/t

India 121,015,200 m/t

United States 34,279,961 m/t

Turkey 28,280,809 m/t

Iran 23,651,582 m/t

http://faostat.fao.org/

Major vegetable market• Tomato is largest single product that account

11% of total volume

Vegetable wise Production :top 5 countriesVegetable. First Second Third Fourth Fifth

Lettuce China United States India Spain Italy

Dry Bean Myanmar India Brazil China Mexico

Onion (dry) China India United States Egypt Iran

Cabbage and other brassicas China India Russia Japan South Korea

Green bean China Indonesia India Turkey Thailand

Chickpea India Australia Pakistan Turkey Myanmar

Pulses (total) India Pakistan Canada Myanmar Australia

Cauliflowers and Broccoli China India Italy Mexico France

Eggplant China India Iran Egypt Turkey

Potato China India Russia Ukraine United States

Cucumber China Turkey Iran Russia United States

Tomato China India United States Turkey Egypt

Ginger India China Nepal Nigeria Thailand

Pumpkin, squash and gourd China India Russia Iran United States

Rapeseed Canada China India France Germany

Safflower India United States Mexico Ethiopia Kazakhstan

Sweet potato China Uganda Nigeria Indonesia Tanzania

Sesame Myanmar India China Sudan Tanzania

Okra India Nigeria Iraq Ivory Coast PakistanFAOSTAT,2013

Area,Production and Productivity of vegetables in India

Year Area (in ‘000 Ha)

Production (in ‘000 Mt)

Productivity(in Mt/Ha)

2001-02 6156 88622 14.42002-03 6092 84815 13.92003-04 6082 88334 14.52004-05 6744 101246 152005-06 7213 111399 15.42006-07 7581 114993 15.22007-08 7848 128449 16.4

2008-09 7981 129077 16.22009-10 7985 133738 16.72010-11 8495 146555 17.32011-12 8989 156325 17.42012-13 9205 162187 17.62013-14 9396 162897 17.3CAGR % 3.98 6.09 2.03


Leading Vegetables Producing States in Terms of Production (2013-14)

WEST BENGAL

11,4%KARNATAKA

4,6%

BIHAR9.3%

TAMILNADU5.3!1i

ODISHAS.891

Leading Vegetables Producing States in Terms of Area (2013-14)

\VEST BENGAL14.791

81HAR8.6%

TAMILNADU3.1% MAHARASHTRA

7.7%ODISHA7.2%

W. Bengal is leading state in area and production of vegetables with 14.1% & 14.79% respectively.


Tomato 11.5%ONION 11.9%

POTATO 25.5%

OTHERS 20%SWEET PATATO 0.7%

PEAS 2.4% OKRA 3.9%

CAULIFLOWER 5.3%CABBAGE 5.5%

TOPIOCA 5.0%

BRINJAL 8.3%

Production Share of Major Vegetable Crops In India (2013-14)

Indian Horticulture Database-2015

EXPORT• This term export is derived from the conceptual

meaning as to ship the goods and services out of the port of a country.

• The seller of such goods and services is referred to as an "exporter"

IMPORT• The term import is derived from the conceptual

meaning as to bring in the goods and services into the port of a country.

• The buyer of such goods and services is referred to an "importer

Importance of exports to the economy• Exports play an important role in the Indian

economy, influencing the level of economic growth, employment and the balance of payments.

• In the post-war period, lower transport costs, globalisation, economies of scale and reduced tariff barriers have all helped exports become a bigger share of national income.

Importance of Exports

EmploymentCurrent account deficit

Economic growth

What determines the level of exports?

•Competitiveness

•Quality and value added of exports

•Exchange rate

•Long run productivity

•Economic growth in other countries

MAJOR EXPORTING VEGETABLES

Onion

• India is the second largest onion growing country in the world.

• Indian onions are famous for their pungency and are available round the year.

• There is a lot of demand of Indian Onion in the world, the country has exported 12,01,245.29 MT of fresh onion to the world for the worth of Rs. 2,747.41 crores during the year 2015-16.

• Major Export Destinations (2015-16) : Bangladesh, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, United Arab Emirates, and Nepal.

ALL INDIA AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF ONION

Year area (in '000 Ha)

% of total Veg.area

Production(in '000 Mt)

% of total Veg. Production

Productivity (in Mt/Ha)

2001-02 495.8 8.1 5252.1 5.6 10.6

2002-03 424.7 7 4209.5 5 9.9

2003-04 553.8 8.8 6267.6 6.7 11.3

2004-05 613.8 9.1 7760.6 7.7 12.6

2005-06 703.6 9.8 9432.5 8.5 13.4

2006-07 768 10.1 10847 9.4 14.1

2007-08 821 10.5 13900 10.8 16.9

2008-09 834 10.4 13565 10.5 16.3

2009-10 756.2 9.5 12158.8 9.1 16.1

2010-11 1064 12.5 15118 10.3 14.2

2011-12 1087.2 12.1 17511.1 11.2 16.1

2012-13 1051.5 11.4 16813 10.4 16

2013-14 1203.6 12.8 19401.7 11.9 16.1CAGR % 8.25 12.60 4.03


LEADING ONION PRODUCING STATES (2013-14)


LEADING ONION PRODUCING STATES (2013-14)

S.No. State Area ('000'HA.) Production('000'MT.)

Productivity(Production/Ha.)

1 Maharashtra 260.00 4660.00 17.92

2 Madhya Pradesh 111.73 2691.00 24.09

3 Karnataka 159.60 2395.90 15.01

4 Andhra Pradesh 86.67 1560.06 18.00

5 Bihar 53.02 1107.84 20.90

6 Gujarat 28.85 704.38 24.42

7 Haryana 27.80 604.47 21.74

8 Rajasthan 139.05 476.21 3.43

9 Uttar Pradesh 26.63 474.01 17.80

10 Tamil Nadu 37.70 429.72 11.40

11 Orissa 34.92 419.09 12.00

12 Other States* 85.58 1290.32 15.07

Total 1051.55 16813.00 15.99


Quality indices of exported onion

Specifications

Parameters Value

Color Light and dark red color

Size 30mm and 70mm

Packing

Packed in 5 Kg, 10 Kg, 20 kg, or 25 Kg

mesh bag as per customer

requirement

Grading and Standardization

AGMARK Grades of Onion

Extra Class

Class I

Class II

AGMARK NET

Export Specifications for Onion

Country Colour Size Remarks

Malaysia, Singapore, Port Kelang & African Ports Dark red to violet 25 - 30 mm Globular / Pungent

Sri Lanka Dark red to light red 25 - 30 mm Globular or Oval

Bangladesh, Pakistan & Nepal Light red to dark red 25 - 30 mm Globular

Pungent

Japan Yellowish/ brown 60 - 70 mm

Globular/ Less

Pungent

Europe Yellowish / Brown 60 - 70 mm Globular / Less Pungent

Middle East and Gulf (Dubai, Sharjah, Doha,

Muscat, Bahrain, Dammam, Saudi Arabia,

Kuwait)

Light red to dark red 40 - 60 mm Globular /Pungent

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150

200000

400000

600000

800000

1000000

1200000

1400000

1600000

1800000

2000000

383589

549207

713089

909158 901558

1414557

899307

1546773

1812378

1241434

1110139

15278001525434

1267263

1047474

EXPORT OF ONION (IN TONNES)

EXPORTExponential (EXPORT)

Year 2001-2015

ONION: India's imports-exports to world

year import from world export to world2001 0 658972002 0 754252003 0 1177012004 0 1665042005 1855 1528372006 10 2264242007 58 2635942008 15 3305852009 177 4748622010 26691 4654402011 407 3700022012 0 2946982013 5713 6008862014 253 3221482015 31352 428378

CAGR % 14.099

Unit : US Dollar thousandProduct code-070310

UN COMTRADE statistics

INDIA EXPORT OF ONION: COUNTRYWISE

Country

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 %age growth on

previous year%age sharein 2015-16

Qty Value Qty Value Qty Value

Bangladesh 4,04,884.74 1,45,497.83 4,56,734.50 1,27,711.38 2,51,384.13 95,532.62 -25.2 22.76

Malaysia 2,40,489.60 1,05,425.17 2,15,194.39 67,961.46 2,44,272.70 89,516.19 31.72 21.33

Sri Lanka 2,23,697.42 65,024.77 1,31,646.45 42,282.03 1,99,150.44 68,629.67 62.31 16.35United Arab Emirates 1,72,074.19 54,816.83 1,31,630.19 40,513.88 1,69,675.48 49,983.12 23.37 11.91

Nepal 38,907.76 10,880.05 70,543.31 22,707.17 70,024.86 26,478.47 16.61 6.31

Philippines 40 8.98 0 0 29,617.00 11,369.38 100 2.71

Qatar 23,049.79 6,996.88 25,414.31 8,711.02 33,573.87 10,561.15 21.24 2.52

Kuwait 32,789.71 9,982.31 24,874.08 8,234.93 36,402.36 10,152.71 23.29 2.42

Singapore 28,413.32 12,283.58 28,597.82 9,828.75 25,460.64 8,540.30 -13.11 2.04Vietnam Social Republic 18,058.00 10,357.58 13,181.00 3,548.77 21,723.00 7,955.08 124.16 1.9

Oman 31,016.70 9,433.78 15,082.09 4,764.99 20,656.90 5,519.30 15.83 1.32

Bahrain 17,049.26 5,565.69 14,055.07 4,926.09 16,530.35 5,202.48 5.61 1.24

Maldives 4,697.31 2,818.59 7,799.96 3,347.87 9,574.19 4,786.74 42.98 1.14

Saudi Arabia 21,354.51 6,408.09 13,692.64 5,006.77 17,668.34 4,702.79 -6.07 1.12

Mauritius 8,948.00 3,760.06 10,528.00 5,333.84 10,498.00 4,254.70 -20.23 1.01

Indonesia 78,726.00 40,039.09 45,629.04 9,499.32 11,046.00 2,760.40 -70.94 0.66

United Kingdom 3,643.91 1,778.55 6,852.96 2,397.33 3,819.09 1,946.93 -18.79 0.46

Reunion 4,698.00 1,634.28 5,071.00 2,038.92 4,931.00 1,796.67 -11.88 0.43

Brunei 2,942.00 1,853.51 3,057.30 1,495.15 2,487.00 1,654.42 10.65 0.39

Italy 2,151.59 962.09 842.9 336.47 4,224.78 1,402.15 316.72 0.33Total 14,82,498.58 5,24,984.59 12,38,102.60 3,76,391.72 12,01,245.29 4,19,668.72 11.5 100

DGCIS Annual Export

Value in US $ Thousand

TOMATO• Tomatoes are considered to be one of the most economically

important crops of all those that exist in the world. Economically speaking, tomatoes are worth a tremendous amount of money because they give more yield.

• India's share in world production is only 0.79 per cent• However, the Indian tomato processing industry prides itself on

being the largest in Southeast Asia.• In fact, the output of the Indian industry is more than twice

that of Japan, and considerably greater that Thailand and Taiwan.

• Processed tomato is a major trade item in the world, but India does not figure anywhere among the top exporters of any of its many forms.

• However, India has been exporting processed tomato in the form of tomato paste and ketchup.

ALL INDIA AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF TOMATO


% of totalVeg. area

Production (in '000 Mt) % of total

Veg. Production Productivity (in Mt/Ha)

2001-02 458.1 7.4 7462.3 8 16.3

2002-03 478.8 7.9 7616.7 9 15.9

2003-04 502.8 8 8125.6 8.7 16.2

2004-05 505.4 7.5 8825.4 8.7 17.5

2005-06 546.1 7.6 9820.4 8.9 18

2006-07 596 7.9 10055 8.7 16.9

2007-08 566 7.2 10303 8 18.2

2008-09 599 7.5 11149 8.6 18.6

2009-10 634.4 7.9 12433.2 9.3 19.6

2010-11 865 10.2 16826 11.5 19.5

2011-12 907.1 10.1 18653.3 11.9 20.6

2012-13 879.6 9.6 18226.6 11.2 20.7

2013-14 882 9.4 18735.9 11.5 21.2

CAGR % 6.38 9.02 2.47


LEADING TOMATO PRODUCING STATES (2013-14)


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

143012802 9231 9340 5252

35955

74935

13267

161486

22635

229831

171827

228444

295086

186239

EXPORT OF TOMATO (IN TONNES)

exportExponential (export)

Year 2001-2015

TOMATO: India's imports-exports to world

Unit : US Dollar thousand

Year import from world export to world

2001 0 2992002 0 24252003 0 11952004 27 15672005 12 8612006 35 81892007 26 203232008 55 358862009 31 308062010 43 250382011 1 860762012 3 536082013 3 694172014 0 935612015 0 66904

Unit : US Dollar thousandProduct code-070220


INDIA EXPORT OF TOMATO: COUNTRYWISE

Country2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 %age growth on

previous year%age sharein 2015-16

Qty Rs. Lacs Qty Rs. Lacs Qty Rs. Lacs

Pakistan 3,44,507.54 73,930.56 1,74,501.05 33,836.82 1,18,360.27 25,232.82 -25.43 66.8

United Arab Emirates 40,833.99 6,757.20 23,173.56 7,285.53 30,571.76 10,486.40 43.93 27.76

Maldives 644.01 224.25 730.29 360.33 1,023.72 641.28 77.97 1.7

Nepal 6,606.04 781.45 4,416.08 480.27 4,983.88 558.66 16.32 1.48

Bangladesh 20,786.07 3,139.69 13,997.32 2,114.34 2,183.91 455.98 -78.43 1.21

Oman 11,680.00 907.94 848.94 271.17 808.5 236.05 -12.95 0.62

Saudi Arabia 537.81 179.96 130.7 46.47 296.2 99.33 113.75 0.26

Kuwait 45 11.94 9.1 4.41 94.82 32.3 632.43 0.09

Bhutan 0 0 0 0 128.94 14.32 100 0.04

Bahrain 126.19 19.27 51.85 15.55 22.05 7.12 -54.21 0.02

Qatar 617.5 109.1 47.87 10.46 13.37 5.04 -51.82 0.01

Kenya 0 0 0 0 15.72 3.01 100 0.01

Kyrghyzstan 0 0 0 0 1 0.3 100 0

Mali 0 0 0 0 0.45 0.3 100 0

France 0 0 0.13 0.05 0 0 -100 0

Hong Kong 0 0 4.46 1.26 0 0 -100 0

Malaysia 18 2.7 39.53 22.93 0 0 -100 0

Russia 0 0 0.01 0.02 0 0 -100 0

Singapore 87.59 21.99 29.44 10.21 0 0 -100 0

United States 3 0.55 0 0 0 0 0 0

Unspecified 42.82 4.86 19 1.52 0 0 -100 0

Total 4,26,535.56 86,091.46 2,17,999.33 44,461.34 1,58,504.59 37,772.91 -15.04 100 DGCIS Annual Export

potato• In terms of global production, potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is the fourth most

important food crop after corn, rice and wheat. This crop is grown throughout the world. Present world production is some 321 million tons fresh tubers from 19.5 million ha.

• 2007-08 INTERNATIONAL YEAR OF POTATO- Due to perishability, only about 5% of the world's potato crop is traded internationally; its minimal presence in world financial markets contributed to its stable pricing during the 2007–2008 world food price crisis. Thus, the United Nations officially declared 2008 as the International Year of the Potato,to raise its profile in developing nations, calling the crop a "hidden treasure".

• The potato plays a strong role in developing countries with its ability to provide nutritious food for the poor and hungry. The demand for potato is growing as both a fresh and processed food.

ALL INDIA AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF POTATO


% of total Veg.area

Production (in '000 Mt)

% of totalVeg. Production

Productivity (in Mt/Ha)

2001-02 1259.5 20.5 24456.1 26.1 19.4

2002-03 1337.2 22 23161.4 27.3 17.3

2003-04 1484.7 23.5 27925.8 30 18.8

2004-05 1523.9 22.6 28787.7 28.4 18.9

2005-06 1569.2 21.9 29174.6 26.4 18.6

2006-07 1743 23 28600 24.9 16.4

2007-08 1795 22.9 34658 27 19.3

2008-09 1828 22.9 34391 26.6 18.8

2009-10 1835.3 23 36577.3 27.3 19.9

2010-11 1863 21.9 42339 28.9 22.7

2011-12 1907 21.2 41482.8 26.5 21.8

2012-13 1992.2 21.6 45343.6 28 22.8

2013-14 1973.2 21 41555.4 25.5 21.1

CAGR % 3.72 5.599 1.83 Indian Horticulture Database-2015, NHB

LEADING POTATO PRODUCING STATES (2013-14)


Quality indices for export

AGMARK GRADES (Mixed varieties) Extra Class 46 mm Class 35 mm Class 25 mm

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 150

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

300000

350000

13931 17931

78378

59948

84557 8202790831

184121

8199273093

217949

115712

165855

300117

207853

EXPORT OF POTATO(IN TONNES)

EXPORTExponential (EXPORT)

Year 2001-2015

POTATO: India's export to world

YEAR IMPORT FROM WORLD EXPORT TO WORLD2001 10 10852002 0 11582003 264 59732004 463 02005 599 88972006 9 127292007 30 99892008 52 264802009 0 156072010 0 335732011 0 252862012 0 183302013 0 427642014 0 1088742015 13 49973

Product code-0701900 Unit : US Dollar thousand


INDIA EXPORT OF PATATO: COUNTRYWISE

Country

2013-14 2014-15 2015-16 %age growth on

previous year

%age sharein 2015-16Qty US$

Thousand Qty US$ Thousand Qty US$

Thousand

Nepal 1,48,343.22 17,253.60 1,62,925.95 53,504.49 1,78,931.41 25,714.84 -51.94 52.22

Sri Lanka 24,652.49 8,085.11 34,230.71 14,755.47 27,279.06 8,501.93 -42.38 17.26

Mauritius 6,160.00 2,558.08 7,532.00 3,350.70 10,230.00 3,332.41 -0.55 6.77

Oman 2,933.41 1,084.39 7,154.90 2,764.90 9,482.12 2,850.55 3.1 5.79

Maldives 3,032.45 1,029.61 3,838.50 1,856.36 5,060.65 2,163.73 16.56 4.39

United Arab Emirates 5,713.95 1,801.15 9,892.34 3,087.24 6,203.60 1,750.29 -43.31 3.55

Kuwait 6,228.60 2,194.71 7,403.04 2,654.52 6,664.00 1,725.49 -35 3.5

Malaysia 1,375.01 456.77 1,759.05 698.18 3,401.00 1,124.19 61.02 2.28

Seychelles 1,044.00 372.09 1,160.00 529.76 1,555.00 486.73 -8.12 0.99

Hong Kong 624 234.68 1,337.46 540.98 1,194.00 463.76 -14.27 0.94

Russia 9,826.08 2,984.96 4,894.40 2,198.89 824.76 310.64 -85.87 0.63

Bahrain 284.64 83.19 1,286.45 511.38 866 251.43 -50.83 0.51

Qatar 2,288.00 758.39 966.69 352.08 670.1 191.64 -45.57 0.39

Bangladesh 90 9.12 0.34 0.32 65 95 29,587.50 0.19

Singapore 200.17 154.75 68.05 45.17 235.15 83.81 85.54 0.17

Unspecified 778 78.81 0 0 174 79.38 100 0.16

Total 2,20,926.10 41,149.07 3,73,931.62 1,37,268.34 2,53,135.49 49,245.42 -64.12 100 DGCIS Annual Export

Them vs. UsMajor Suppliers India

Identified products for exports Effort on too many productsDomestic quality parameters Non existentGood Post harvest management

High Wastage

Adherence to buyer protocols Protocols not presentGovernmental interventions Needs to be integratedPromotions and Programs Very Limited and SporadicExtensive Trade Show Presence

Miniscule Trade Show Presence

Constraints in export of vegetables

Supply factor

Demand factor

Trade barrier

• Supply Factors The lack of availability of investment capital may prove to be a significant constraint in enhancing exports

High transfer or transportation costs for vegetables are a challenge to enhanced trade.

The cost of international freight and insurance for bulky/perishable items, such as fresh vegetables, may equal or exceed the value of the products shipped.

Technological change is also a supply factor of importance to future competitiveness.

Technological change improves international competitiveness by reducing production costs of existing commodities or by introducing new or modified ones.

Improved technology often results in varieties that withstand transport better and are more uniform in quality and appearance.

• Demand Factors A steady increase in the demand for vegetables is a prerequisite for increased export opportunities.

Such opportunities are offered by changing lifestyles, such as eating away from home, and increased diet, nutrition, and health concerns.

per capita consumption of fresh vegetables continues to expand while consumption for processed vegetables is, at best, stagnant.’

Quality standards may also become an obstacle to trade

• Trade Barriers In general, processed

vegetables are subject to more stringent measures than fresh vegetable

import quotas, restrictive import licensing, and foreign exchange restrictions are the major trade barrier in export

Issues in Supply Chain Efficiency non-availability of quality seeds, inadequate irrigation facilities, lack of soil testing facility and extension staff.

Inefficiency in pest management, credit availability constraint, high cost of production, lack of information, huge post-harvest losses, lack of roads, cold storage, inadequate space, poor market network and high transportation cost.

FUTURE STRATEGY• Creating an integrated and competitive

supply chains for agriculture• Radical reform in transport, storage and

distribution services• Pro-active engagement in international

trade negotiations• Long term planning for promotions and

trade show participation

Ground Rules for Succeeding in Export Markets

• You cannot export what you want– You will only be able to export what the market wants

• Quality is not a subjective thing– Quality parameters are documented and exports must follow

protocols• Its not about good or bad quality

– It is about consistent quality• Promotions and trade show participation decisions cannot be

sporadic– They will need long term planning

• Speed will be Important– But Direction will be Critical

CONCLUSION

At present India is the second largest producer of vegetable in the world, having varied and diverse climate conditions favour the cultivation of wide variety of vegetables. If the constraints are over come by using the strategies, we can become no. 1 producer and exporter in the world.

53

• India can become a significant exporter of horticultural produce if it reduces its high delivery costs and improves weak standards and assessment mechanisms at home.

- World Bank Study 2007

export potential of vegetable crops in india

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