expo research - the anti-muslim environment 2011

8/3/2019 Expo Research - The Anti-Muslim Environment 2011

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Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ê` bn`kv, ~e` Qwjhl`v kon ~e` Fjof`q~v

NkxbN Lkm`wLøh, Cjok~eko Lìko, kLùkoN`w Gòm~vvjo

@UQJ W@V@KWFE

Hjpv W`jw~ 71;;3;



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ê` w`jw~ bv pglbve` gr @uj W`v`kwe 71;;

}}}/ùj/v`bojAùj/v`Gju ;7;86

;17 7> V~jdejli¢ @uj ko ~e` kp~ejwv

qej~j3 q`~`w Cp`lbe*b)ej~j




^kgl` j fjo~ò~v

Bo~wjp~bjo

W`v~wb~bjov ko nòb~bjov

qkw~ ;3 Xbjlò`)mljwbrbom K~~b~p`v

qkw~ 73 qwjl`v j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi @oxbwjoiò~

qkw~ 63 Ko~b)Ipvlbi fjo`~v



>Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V

BO^WJNPF^BJO

Gw`bxbd j`v oj~ v~ko kljo` bo ebv

ek~w` jw Bvlki ko Ipl~b)pl~pwklbvi

ê` w`ò~ ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kdv bo Ojw}kr ek k vejdbom bik~/ Oj~ vbilr g`kpv` j ~e` biklkgl` gwp~klb~r bo }ebe ~e`r }`w` kwwb` jp~, gp~ klvj g`kpv` ~e` plwb~,~j ikor `jl`‒v vpwwbv`, }kv k gljo Ojw}`mbko iko `xjb j kor Bvlkib l`kobomv/Vj }ej }kv ~e` `w`~wk~jw, ko }ek~ }b~ebo ebi ~wbmm`w` ~e`v` k~v: Bob~bkllr, b~ }kvv`plk~` }e`~e`w jw oj~ e` }kv k Oksb4 ej}`x`w, ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~ w`)c`~` kor kvvjbk~bjo ~j ebi/ Bov~`k, e` }kv lkg`ll` k ―Sbjobv~‒ jw k ―Hw`ìkvjo‒) gj~e

pgbjpvlr bll)w`mkw` wkodbomv kib }eb~` j}`w k~bxbv~v/Ej}`x`w, Ko`wv Gw`bxbd `wbx` ebv bovbwk~bjo jw ~e` ~`wwjw k~v wji oj~bjov

vbiblkw ~j ~ejv` j ~e` jlb~bkl kw~r ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~v %Vn"/ R`~, ~e`v` b`kv kw`ùlpvbx` ~j o`b~e`w Gw`bxbd ojw Vn/ Jo ~e` jo~wkwr, @pwj` jv~`wv k wk~e`w }`kd, r`~klkgl` o`~}jwd j mwjpv ko kw~b`v ~ek~ }kwov j ―Bvlkibsk~bjo‒ kv ko jomjbom j)pk~bjokl jw` bo @pwj`/

Ikor {p`v~bjov kw` g`bom kvd` jllj}bom ~e` k~~kdv/ @uj W`v`kwe bv ~e`w`jw`w`vò~bom k wv~ w`jw~ }ebe mbx`v ko kggw`xbk~` kjpo~ j ~e` pwwò~ ko~b)Ipvlbiòxbwjoiò~/ ê` w`jw~ }bll g` jllj}` gr k ijw` ~ejwjpme ikbom/

Fjo~ò~v j ~e` W`qjw~

ê` pwjv` j ~e` w`jw~ bv ~j wjxb` ko bovbme~ bo~j ~e` ljjv` v~wp~pw` ~ek~ jwiv ~e`ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/ ]` ekx` ejvò ~j jpv jo ~e` jllj}bom ~jbv3½ ê` wjglì }b~e jolbo` jbobjov ~ek~ mljwbr ~e` pv` j xbjlò`/½ ]ebe kw~bplkw bobxbpklv ~ek~ v`~ ~e` ~jo` j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~, gj~ebo V}`ò ko kgwjk/ Kijom ~e`v` kw` bobxbpklv wji }ebe Ko`wv Gèwbom Gw`bxbd`wbx` bovbwk~bjo/

½ fjo`~v vpe kv Bvlkibsk~bjo, @pwkgbk, ko ~e` ìjmwkeb gjig kijom j~e`wv kw`ùlkbo` }b~e ~e` pv` j ùkil`v wji jv~v ko jiiò~v jpo jo V}`bve bo~`w)o`~ gljmv/

ê` ~ù~ bv wjp` gr @uj W`v`kwe, k gwkoe j ~e` @uj Hjpok~bjo/ @uj W`)v`kwe mk~e`wv ko koklrv`v bojwik~bjo kgjp~ bo~jl`wko~ mwjpv, o`~}jwdv ko e`)ojiòk/ @uj w`v`kwe bv kijom ~ebomv w`vjovbgl` jw @uj‒v kwebx` }ebe v~jw`vVkobokxbk‒v lkwm`v~ jll`~bjo j Wbme~bv~ u~wìbv~ wjkmkok, ko pglbve`v k r`kwlrw`jw~ kgjp~ ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~/

fjolpvbx`lr, ~e` kp~ejwv }jpl lbd` ~j ~ekod ~e` xjlpo~``wv ~ek~ kvvbv~` bo ~e` k~kjll`~bjo/

Klùko`w Gòm~vvjo

nkxb Lkm`wlø Cjok~eko Lìko




W`v~wb~bjov ko nòb~bjovê` w`jw~ `klv }b~e ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/ Ej}`x`w, ~e` joo`v j ~ebvòxbwjoiò~ kw` ekw ~j ò` p` ~j ~e` }b` kwwkr j `jl` ) wji kwlbkiò~kwbkov

~j bo~`wo`~ k~bxbv~v ) k~bx` bo ~ebv òxbwjoiò~/ ]ebl` ~e`w` kw` ko~b)Ipvlbi jwmkobvk)~bjov vpe ~e` @omlbve n`ò` L`kmp`, bojwikl ~b`v ko i``~bomv g`~}`ò bohpò~bklko~b)Ipvlbi k~bxbv~v jpw jp~vb` j ~e`v` jwmkobvk~bjov/ Vji` j ~e`v` k~bxbv~v }wb~`gjjdv jo ~e` ~jb, ko*jw kw` bohpò~bkl xjb`v bo ~e` gljmjve`w`/

qkw~ j ~e` w`jw~ box`v~bmk~`v ko~b)Ipvlbi jv~v ko jiiò~v bo ~e` gljmjve`w`/B~ ~e`w`jw o``v ~j g` lkwb` }ek~ }` i`ko gr ko~b)Ipvlbi jv~v/ ê` jv~v bilrk xb`} j Bvlki kv jo` pob` b`kl ko*jw k ~j~klb~kwbko ko ejv~bl` b`jljmr/ fò~wkl~j ~e` bvpvvbjov bv ~e` xb`} ~ek~ ~e`w` bv ko jomjbom Ipvlbi boxkvbjo jpwwbom bo ~e`]`v~, }ebe ~e` jlb~bbkov ko ~e` i`bk ejjv` ~j mbx` bo ~j/ Bvlki bv `w`bx` ~j g`bojik~bgl` }b~e ]`v~`wo b`klv }ebe kw` `vwbg` kv g`bom vp`wbjw/ Hwji ~bi` ~j~bi`, ~e` jv~v kwmp` kmkbov~ ~e` wbme~ ~j wk~b` Bvlki/

n`vb~` ~e` k~ ~ek~ ikor j ~e`v` ko~b)Ipvlbi b`kv vej} vbiblkwb~b`v ~j }eb~`)j}`w jovbwkr ~e`jwb`v, ~e`w` kw` vji` `w`bx` b`wò`v4 `v`bkllr w`mkwbom~e` xb`} j Ipvlbiv kv ko jpk~bjokl jw`/ Bo k~, ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~, kvjjv` ~j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~, ojwikllr xb`} ~e` C`}v kv ~e` pl~bik~` òìrko jpk~bjokl jw` bo ~e` ]`v~, jo~wjllbom gj~e jlb~bv ko i`bk/ ]ebl` Ipv)lbiv ko ipl~bpl~pwklbvi kw v`ò kv òìb`v, ~e`r jpl klvj g` v`ò kv ~jjlv j ~e`vpjv` C`}bve jovbwkr/ Vji` }eb~`)j}`w mwjpv ekx` xb`}` Bvlkib v~k~`v koù~wìbv~v kv pv`pl bo ~e` me~ kmkbov~ Bvwk`l ko ~e` C`}v/

fjox`wv`lr, bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~, ~e` Ipvlbiv kljom }b~e `lb~` mwjpv bo~e` ]`v~ jiwbv` ~e` wjj~ j ~e` jovbwkr/ Vji` j ~e` gljmv }ebe ekx` g`ò box`v)

~bmk~` `xò mbx` ~eìv`lx`v jp~ ~j g` Bvwk`l vrik~ebv`wv, }ebe }jpl g` bojo`bxk)gl` }b~ebo ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~/ B~ v`ìv ~ek~ Ipvlbiv ekx` g`ò mbxò ~e` wjl`j vk`mjk~v ko ~ew`k~v, ~wkb~bjokllr kvvjbk~` }b~e C`}v bo ko~b)Vìb~b wjkmkok/fjov`{pò~lr, ~e`w` kw` b`jljmbkl vbiblkwb~b`v, gp~ klvj b`wò`v }ebe kw` ekw ~jjx`wji`/



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V 8

QKW^ ;

Xbjlò`)mljwbrbom K~~b~p`v

@pwj` bv jpb` gr Ipvlbiv/ ê`r kw` `w`bx` kv k ―ìjmwkeb gjig‒ ~ewjpmebiibmwk~bjo ko ebme gbw~e wk~`v/ ê`r kw` vlj}lr g`jibom ~e` ikcjwb~r kll }ebl` ~e`

@pwj`ko mjx`woiò~v ejjv` ~j ljjd ~e` j~e`w }kr/ Vjjo }` }bll v`` ~e` ì`wmò` j @pwkgbk4 ko Kwkgb @pwj`/

Vpe b`kv ekx` jw ljom bwplk~` V}`bve ko jw`bmo gljmv/ ê`v` jpl `kvblr ekx`g`ò }wb~~ò j kv jjlbve jw vbllr, b b~ }kv oj~ jw ~e` gw`kd~ewjpme ~ek~ ~e`v` b`kvekx` ek/ ê` k~ bv ~ek~ ~e` b`kv kw` vekw` gr ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~v, }ej ekx` v`k~vbo ~e` V}`bve qkwlbkiò~/ e` xb`}v kw` klvj ikwd`~` gr kwlbkiò~kwbkov, }wb~`wvko ko~b)Ipvlbi jbobjo jwi`wv bo j~e`w kw~v j ~e` }jwl/ Ej}`x w, }jwv~ j kll,~e`v` vki` b`kv }`w` ij~bxk~bom k~jwv jw Ko`wv Gèwbom Gw`bxbd bo ~e` l`k)p ~jebv ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kdv/

ê` b`kv vekw` v~wbdbom vbiblkwb~b`v }b~e jovbwkr ~ebodbom }b~ebo ~e` ]eb~` qj}`wIjxìò~/ Ej}`x`w, bo }eb~`)j}`w wjkmkok, ~e` Ipvlbiv kw` ijw` v`ò kv ~jjlv

bo k C`}bve }jwl jovbwkr, }ebe poobomlr jo~wjl ~e` mjx`woiò~v j ~e` ]`v~/ê` mjkl bv ~j ù~`wibok~` ―~e` }eb~` wk`‒/ ê` vjlp~bjo, kjwbom ~j vji` bo ~e`]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~, bv ko kwi` johb~ kmkbov~ ~e` C`}bve fjovbwkr/

Xbjlò` bv l`vv w`vò~ bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~ ~eko bo ~e` ]eb~` qj}`wIjxìò~, gp~ jpwv `x`wr vj j~ò bo ~e` ùkibo` ik~`wbkl/ ê` b`k j k Ipvlbijpk~bjo ~kdbom lk` }b~e ~e` jlb~bbkov ljjdbom ~e` j~e`w }kr wjxb`v k gw``bommwjpo jw ~e` Mljwbk~bjo j Xbjlò` ko xbjlò~ b`kv/

Bo ~e` vwp~bobs` ik~`wbkl, jiiò~v ko jv~v }`w` jpo ~ek~ ~ew`k~ò ~j dbll Ipv)

lbiv ko ~j ù`p~` Ipvlbi)vrik~e`~b cjpwoklbv~v }b~e k gpll`~ bo ~e` o`d/;

q`wbjb)kllr, v~k~ìò~v jp~lbobom jvvbgl` p~pw` vòkwbjv kw` w`vò~`/ Ko ùkil` j ~ebv bvk jiiò~ ik` jo ~e` Iìg`w j qkwlbkiò~ Dò~ @d`wj~e‒v gljm37

“ê` jolr `xbò~ w`vpl~ j ~e`v` biibmwko~ ~òòb`v bo ~e` ljom wpo }bll g` ~e` pv`j l`~ekl xbjlò` kmkbov~ kll biibmwko~v, `v`bkllr Ipekiikòbkov, jw bxbl }kwg`~}`ò jl Ojwb boekgb~ko~v ko o`} biibmwko~v/ B~ bv oj~ k {p`v~bjo j BH, gp~}eò/’

Koj~e`w ùkil` bv k jiiò~ ik` jo ~e` Hk`gjjd km` “EK^@ IJOK IPV)

LBI’3 6

“vò gj~e ~e` Vjbkl nìjwk~v ko ~e` Kllbko` bo~j ~e` Gkl~b V`k/////ko wk~b`~kwm`~ vejj~bom }b~e ckv jo ~eì////~ekod mjjo`vv jw ~e` v}`ò ìjwk~v///jw bi)lìò~ w`vbòr ko `lkw` cbii` àd`vvjo v}`ò‒v wv~////ko lkv~////ek//ek’

; @x`wr Dbok q`jl`3 e~~3**`x wrdbok`jl`/gljmvj~/ji*71;1*;7*lpl`k)ò)kx)bv)mwbvkwok)xkoklbv`wk v/e~il

%;1;778" je nìjdwk~gljmmò, vep~ j}o, Mjjml`v ke` ;;18;5 bv vkx`/

7 Dò~ @d`wj~ev gljmm3 e~~3**dò~`d`wj~e/v`*71;;*16*7>*xb~~o vikl)wko)ojwm`)ji)bvlkibv`wbomò)je)ikomdpl~pwklbv)iò* %;;1670"

6 Hk`gjjd3 e~~v3**}}}/k`gjjd/ji*km`v*EK K)IJOK)IPVLBI)ijok)vkelbo*7=28>0=12257 %;1;;;>"



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V =

K~`w ~e` ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kdv bo Ojw}kr ~e` jiiò~v xkwb` wji jgxbjpv joìok~bjo~j k dbo j po`wv~kobom jw Gw`bxbd/ Vji` glki` ~e` ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kdv jo ~e` jlb~b)bkov‒ bokgblb~r ~j lbv~ò/ Jo` jv~ ji`v wji k Hk`gjjd mwjp ~ek~ g`ljomv ~j ~e`V}`bve n`ò` L`kmp`3

“E` bv k wjp~ j ij`wo)kr vjb`~r, b jo` bvw`mkwv `jl`‒v jbobjov ko~ejpme~v, ko j`v oj~ wìj~`lr gj~e`w ~j lbv~ò, k `wvjo lbd` ~ebv }bll vej} pvjjo`w jw lk~`w/ B~ bv ~wkmb ~ek~ vji` ekx` oj~ l`kwo` k kio ~ebom///’ >

J~e`wv ~kd` b~ k v~` pw~e`w3

“ê` }ejl` ~ebom ikr g` ~`wwbgl`/ Gp~ j oj~ jwm`~ ~ek~ ~e` `k `jl` }`w` oj~ bo)ojò~/ Ojw}`mbko vvp bv cpv~ lbd` vvp e`w`/ ^wkb~jwv ko Bvlki)wbòlr/ B~ }kv vbilrk jlb~bkllr ij~bxk~` k~~kd jw ~e` `jl` ko ~e` ok~bjo, ko jw ~e` p~pw`/ @X@)WRÊBOM HJW Ê@ q@JqL@+’ 0

@uw`vvbjov lbd` ~e`v` j jpwv` j oj~ kp~jik~bkllr l`k ~j xbjlò`/ B~ }jpl ~epv g`joxòbò~ b ~e`r jpl g` xb`}` kv i`w` ùw`vvbjov wji ~e` wjxjk~`pwv j ~e` bo)~`wo`~/ R`~ }jwv ik~~`w/ Lbdìbo` `jl` i``~bom jo gljmv, bvpvvbjo ~ew`kv kojwpiv wjxb` k jowik~bjo ~ek~ ù~wì` ko xbjlò~ jbobjov kw` jdkr/ B~ w`bojw`vbobxbpkl jbobjov ko k wbvd j lj}`wbom ~e` ~ew`vejl jw }ek~ bv `w`bx` k`~)kgl` }b~e w`mkwv ~j xbjlò`/ êbv bv `v`bkllr ~wp` }eò jovb`wbom ~e` xbjlò` bo

~e` jo~ù~ j k }b`w vrv~ì }e`w` V}`ò kv k ok~bjo bv ~ew`k~ò` }b~e Bvlkibsk~bjo,ko }e`w` ~e` jpo~wr‒v l`k`wv kw ejjvbom ~j ljjd ~e` j~e`w }kr ) jw `xò }jwv` ) ~jg` jo~wbgp~bom ~j ~e` Bvlkibsk~bjo/

Bovqbw`n ~j ~`wwjwbv`]ebl` ~e` kijpo~ j ùw`vvbjov ~ek~ mljwbr xbjlò` w`vò~` bo ~ebv vpwx`r kw`w`v~wb~`, ~e`v` ojo`~e`l`vv mbx` ko bobk~bjo kv ~j ~e` jbobjov ~ek~ ~ewbx` }b~ebo ~e`ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/ X`wr `} j ~e`v` ùw`vvbjov w``bx` joìok~bjo4 wk~e`w~e`r kw` i`~ gr vblò` jw kw`bk~bjo/ B~ bv pol`kw }e`~e`w ~e` lkd j wb~bbvi bv kvbmo j kwjxkl jw i`w`lr ko po}bllbomo`vv ~j g`ji` boxjlx` bo ~e` `gk~`/

Pojpg~`lr ~e` w`vjovbgblb~r jw ~e` gjig ko ~e` vejj~bomv lb`v }b~e oj jo` gp~Gw`bxbd ebiv`l/ Ej}`x`w, xbjlò`)mljwbrbom wjkmkok o`x`w~e`l`vv wbvdv bovbw)bom `jl` bo~j jiib~~bom ~`wwjwbv~ k~v/ Ko ùkil` j ~ebv bv ^pwo`w nbkwb`v4 k ojx`l}ebe ijw` jw l`vv ekv keb`x` pl~ v~k~pv }b~ebo ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~/ ê`

gjjd }kv }wb~~ò bo ~e` ;2=1v gr ]bllbki qb`w` }ej p po~bl ebv `k~e }kv l`k`w j

~e` Oksb mwjp Ok~bjokl Kllbko`/ ê` gjjd bv kgjp~ k ~bjokl po`wmwjpo ―Kwrko‒mp`wwbllk mwjp ~ek~ bob~bk~` ko kwi` gk~~l` kmkbov~ ~e` Ki`wbko mjx`woiò~ }ebekw` `w`bx` ~j g` ―wkbkl ~wkb~jwv‒/

ê` gjjd bv ijw` ~eko cpv~ k ojx`l/ B~ po~bjov kv k ekogjjd jw ~`wwjwbvi/ K ikobovbw` gr ~ebv gjjd }kv ^bij~er IX`bme }ej bo ;220 `~jok~` k gjig dbllbom;85 `jl`/ K gjig vbiblkw ~j ~ebv bv `vwbg` bo ^pwo`w nbkwb`v j }ebe ^bij~erIX`bme }kv ko ò~epvbkv~b w`k`w ko kxjk~`/ 8

> V}`bve n`ò` L`kmp`3 e~~v3**}}}/k`gjjd/ji*km`v*V}`bve)n`ò`)L`kmp`*;1062682207=>01 %;;1=78"0 V}`bve n`ò` L`kmp`3 e~~v3**}}}/k`gjjd/ji*km`v*V}`bve)n`ò`)L`kmp *;1062682207=>01 %;;1=70"

8 KnL3 e~~3**}}}/kl/jwm*w`vw l`*iblb~bZ=;*7=6=Z=;/kv %2810;8"




Hpw~e`w ~j ~ebv ~e` HGB w`~wb`x` k jr j ko ù~wk~ wji ~e` gjjd bo ~e` kw ~ek~IX`bme }kv wbxbom jo ~e` kr ~ek~ ~e` gjig `~jok~`/ ê` po`wlbo` ~ù~ ~kld` j ~bjokl gjigbomv ko ~e` vrejljmbkl `~ j ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kdv jo ~e` vpwwjpobomv/=

ê`w` kw` gj~e vbiblkwb~b`v ko bvvbiblkwb~b`v g`~}`ò IX`bme ko Gw`bxbd/ ]eblÌX`bme }kv k~bx` bo ko Ki`wbko wbme~bv~ ù~wìbv~ òxbwjoiò~ ~ek~ ìjobv`v

C`}v, ~e` Ojw}`mbko ~`wwjwbv~ Gw bxbd ikbolr jpv` jo Ipvlbiv/ K~ ~e` vki` ~bi`, ~e`Jdlkejik Ikvvkw` }kv ~e` `klb`v~ ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kd bo ~e` ebv~jwr j ~e` PV p po~bl2*;;/ Lbd`}bv`, Gw`bxbd }bll g` wììg`w` jw ~e` ijv~ l`~ekl ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kd Ojw}krekv `x`w v`ò, wjgkglr jw k ljom ~bi` ~j ji`/ 5

ê` w`v`~bx` b`kv ~ek~ bohpò` IX`bme ko Gw`bxbd ~j jiib~ ~`wwjwbv~ k~v,b`kv }ebe vji`~bi`v jx`wlk, ~kd` wjj~ bo ko ù~wì`lr glkd ko }eb~` xb`} j ~e`}jwl }ebe v``v k v~wpmml` g`~}`ò mjj ko `xbl, }b~ebo }ebe ~e`bw j}o `jl`‒vvpwxbxkl bv k~ v~kd`/ ê` jbobjov ~ek~ kw` vw`k bo ko~b)Ipvlbi kv }`ll kv ko~b)Vìb~bòxbwjoiò~v ebmelbme~ ej} }` vpjv`lr lbx` bo k ~bi` }e`w` oj~ebom ik~~`wv gp~~e` v~wpmml`/ B~ w`k~`v k oj~bjo j k v~k~` j vb`m` }e`w` xbjlò~ jiiò~v ko jv~vwbvd cpv~brbom xbjlò~ k~v/ K w`ò~lr wìjx` gljm jolp` ~e` jllj}bom vb~pk~bjo bon`ìg`w 71123

“ê` êbw ]jwl ]kw }ebe }` kw` pwwò~lr kbom bv ipe ijw` kom`wjpv jw

bxblbsk~bjo ~eko ~e` Hbwv~ ko ~e` V`jo ]jwl ]kw jigbo`/ B }` kw` ~j vpwxbx`~e`v` `x`ljiò~v, jpw ij~~j ipv~ g` ―K mjj Ipvlbi bv k `k Ipvlbi+‒’ 2

Lj}`wbom ~e` ~ew`vejln jw xbjlòf`@{pbxklò~ bllpvbjov j ko jomjbom }kw ekx` g`ò ij~bxk~bjov jw vji` j ~e` V}`bve]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~‒v ijv~ oj~jwbjpv xbjlò~ k~v4 ~e` jlb` ipw`wv bo Iklùko)`w, }e`w` ~}j jlbìò }`w` vej~ k~`w k gkod wjgg`wr, ko ~e` ipw`w j ~e` vrob)

klbv~ Gcøwo Vø`wg`wm bo ;222/ ê` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~ g`lb`x`v bo k lj})bo~òvb~r}kw jop~` gr k C`}bve }jwl jovbwkr/ Kv ekv w`xbjpvlr g`ò iò~bjo`, ~e`biibmwk~bjo j Ipvlbiv bv òjpwkm` kv kw~ j ~ebv }kw/ Ej}`x`w, ~e` ikbo òìr bv~e` mjx`woiò~ ko kwlbkiò~ kv }`ll kv ~e`bw ―e`l`wv‒ lbd` ~e` jlb`, cjpwoklbv~v koj~e`w ―ok~bjokl ~wkb~jwv‒/ Vejw~lr k~`w ~e` jlb` ipw`wv, ~e` Oksb k`w Boj;> pg)lbve` k v`bkl vb` bvvp` kll` ―Gk~~l` O`}v‒ `òbom ~e`v` k~bjov3 ;1

“]e`~e`w b~ bv wbme~ jw }wjom ~ek~ ~}j jlbìò ekx` b`, jpw jvb~bjo wìkbovl`kw/ %///" ê` jo`v ~ek~ b` }`w` o`b~e`w k~e`wv ojw vji`jo`‒v eblwò, ~e`r }`w`

oj~ boojò~/ ê`r ik` k ejb` cpv~ lbd` ~e` iò ~ek~ v~`` bo~j ~e` gkod bo Dbv~kb/ ê`r }`kw ~e` pobjwi j ~e` v~k~` ~j pejl b~v wbibokl lk}v/’

Bobò~kllr, ~e` ipw`wv }`w` k`~` kv ekxbom g`ò o`, ko jpl g` cpv~b` ko`ò` kv kw~ j ~e` jomjbom }kw/ ê` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~ ekv pi` jp~i`vvkm`v lbd` ~e`v` jw r`kwv/ ]eò mwjpv mljwbr xbjlò` b~ ko mbx` p`l ~j ) ko}jwd kv ijwkl vpjw~ jw ) ~e` jiib~iò~ j xbjlò~ k~v/ ê` jov`{pò~ wbvd bv ~ek~vji`jo` ~kd`v ~e`v` }jwv v`wbjpvlr ko j`v vji`~ebom bow`bglr gk/

Gw`bxbd, IX`bme ko ~ejv` }ej ipw`w` ~e` ~}j jlbìò ko g` `vwbg` kvljo` ikiò/ Ej}`x w, ~e` ~ejpme~v, b`kv, ko b`jljmb`v ~ek~ ekx` bohpò` ~e`v`xbjlò~ k~v kw` jll`~bx` w`k~bjov/

= KnL3 e~~3**}}}/kl/jwm*ùljvbjoZjZek~`*bo~wjZ~pwo`w/kv %;22="

5 fOO3 e~~3**`b~bjo/oo/ji*71;;*]JWLn*`pwj`*1=*7>*ojw}kr/jd/~`wwjw*boù/e~il %;;1=70"2 nìjdwk~gljmmò ) wìjx` wji ~e` bo~`wo`~, Mjjml`v ke` ;;18;5 bv vkx`/

;1 Dkior~~, vplìò~ ~j Boj;> ow 7> ;222




QKW^ 7

ê` ko~b)Ipvlbi @oxbwjoiò~

ko b~v qwjl`v]b~ebo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~ ~e`w` kw k opig`w j `jl`, gljmv ko v`pj)oriv ~ek~ v`~ ~e` b`jljmbkl ~jo`/ Vji` j ~e`v` kw` pglb, }eblv~ j~e`wv ~wr ~j eb`~e`bw bò~b~b`v lbd` ~e` oj} }jwl doj}o ―Hcjwiko‒ }ej }kv b~` w`{pò~lr bo Ko`wvGèwbom Gw`bxbd‒v ikob`v~j/ K~`w ~e` ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kd bo Ojw}kr, Hcjwiko ejv` ~jw`x`kl ebv bò~b~r/

@n}kwn V Ikr * ―Gkwjo Gjnbvv`r‒ê` Ki`wbko @}kw V Ikr, klvj doj}o kv Gkwjo Gjbvv`r, }wb~`v ~e` gljm Mk~`v j Xbòok, }ebe ekv g`ò iò~bjo` jx`w ;11 ~bi`v bo Gw`bxbd‒v ikob`v~j/ ê` ~b~l` j ~e`

gljm w``wv ~j ~e` jpk~bjo j Xbòok bo ;8564 vrigjlbvbom ~e` jbo~ j ~e` J~~jiko@ibw`v ukovbjo bo~j @pwj`/Bo 711= k jo`wò` doj}o kv ê` PD ko Vkobokxbk fjpo~`w)Cbek Vpiib~ ~jjd

lk` bo fjòekmò/ ê` jlb~bbko ^` @d`wj~e, iìg`w j ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~vkw~bbk~` bo ~e` jo`wò / ;; Ikr, jo` j ~e` wbxbom jw`v gèbo ~e` jo`wò`vjd`3 ;7

“ê` gbmm`v~ ~ew`k~ ~j jpw wbme~v ji`v wji ~e` nìjob fjox`wmò` „ ~e` `xbljigbok~bjo j ~e` j}`wpl vjbklbv~ v~k~`, ~e` jbvjo j ipl~bpl~pwklbvi, ko ~e`xbjlò~ bo~jl`wko` j Bvlki/’

V`x`wkl i``~bom vbiblkw ~j ~ebv }`w` e`l ~ewjpmejp~ @pwj` bo ~e` jllj}bom r`kwv, ko~e` ùw`vvbjo jpo~`w)cbek ekv jov`{pò~lr g`ji` bow`kvbomlr `v~kglbve` bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/

Q`~`w Còvò * HcjwnikoDoj}o kv Hcjwiko, e` ekv jo~wbgp~` ~j v`x`wkl j ~e` l`kbom ko~b)Ipvlbi gljmv/ Eèkv w`mplkwlr g`ò kx`w~bv` jo ~e` }`gvb~`v Cbek ]k~e, Mk~`v j Xbòok ko Gwpvv`lv Cjpwokl/ Còvò bv jòlr k vpjw~`w j ~e` Gwb~bve k~bxbv~ mwjp @omlbve n`ò` L`kmp`%@nL"/ Gw`bxbd‒v ikob`v~j w`x`klv ~ek~ Hcjwiko‒v b`jljmr }kv k ikcjw vjpw` j bovb)wk~bjo ~j ebi/ Hcjwiko w`x`kl` ebv w`kl oki` bo ko kw~bl` bo ~e` k`w X`wòv Mkom joKpmpv~ 0~e/ ;6

Qki`lk M`ll`wqki`lk M`ll`w bv jo` j ~e` ijv~ wjiboò~ ekwk~`wv bo ~e` Ki`wbko ko~b)Ipvlbiòxbwjoiò~/ Kljom }b~e Wjg`w~ Vò`w ve` ikokm`v ~e` o`~}jwd ―V~j Bvlkibsk~bjoj Ki`wbk %VBJK" ko }wb~`v ~e` gljm K~lkv Vewpmv/ Bo 71;1 M`ll`w }kv vpgc`~ j ipe

k~~ò~bjo bo jocpo~bjo }b~e ~e` wj~`v~v kmkbov~ gpblbom k ijv{p` o`kw Mwjpo S`wj/Ve` }kv jo` j ~e` wbikwr kxjk~`v j ~e` ir~e ~ek~ qw`vbò~ Gkwkd Jgkik bv k v`w`~

;; bvdwb~ò @uj3 e~~3**ùj/v`*}}}*j}oljk*ùj)>)1=)dwbm`~)ij~)bvlki/ %ow >, 711=" je Vxòvdk nkm)

glk`~3 e~~3**}}}/vx/v`*dpl~pw*po`wv~w`d`~*bpv)wjw`lv`)i`)ipvlbi`w)vji)ek~jgc`d~Z868>7=7/vx %;;1516"

;7 Mk~`v j Xbòok3 e~~3**mk~`vjxbòok/gljmvj~/ji*711=*1>*pd)ko)vkobokxbk)jpo~ wcbek)vpiib~/e~il%1=1>;>"

;6 X`wòv Mkom3 e~~3**}}}/xm/oj*ore`~ w*booòwbdv*jvljgjigò*kw~bdd`l/e:kw~b9;1152621 %;;1510"



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V ;1

Ipvlbi, ko ~e`w`jw` pow`lbkgl` ko bvljrkl ~j Ki`wbk/ ;> qki`lk M`ll`w ekv g`ji` kobijw~ko~ xjb` j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi jw`v }b~ebo ~e` `k)qkw~r Ijxìò~/ ;0

M``w~ ]bln`wvM``w~ ]bl`wv, ~e` l`k`w j ~e` np~e Hw``ji qkw~r, ekv bo w`ò~ r`kwv g`ji` jo` j

~e` ijv~ xjkl ekwk~`wv bo ~e` @pwj`ko ko Bo~`wok~bjokl ko~b)Ipvlbi oxbwjoiò~/]bl`wv bv ljjdbom ~j jj`wk~` }b~e jw`v bo @pwj`, Ojw~e Ki`wbk ko Bvwk`l ~j}kwvk gko jo biibmwk~bjo wji Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v/ ê` np~e jlb~bbko }kv ~kdò ~j jpw~po`w ~e` vpvbbjo j ek~`)wbi`, gp~ }kv w`lb`x` j ~e` kll`mk~bjov bo Cpo` 71;;/ ;8

Wjg`w~ Vqòf`wê` k~bxbv~, }wb~`w ko gljmm`w Wjg`w~ Vò`w wpov ~e` jwmkobvk~bjo V~j Bvlkibsk)~bjo bo Ki`wbk %VBJK"/ Vò`w v`bklbv`v bo pvbom {pj~k~bjov wji ~e` [pwko ko ~eÈkb~ev ~j bllpv~wk~` ~e` kom`wjpv ok~pw` j Bvlki/ Bo ko bo~`wxb`} Vò`w v~k~` ~ek~“~e`w` }bll g` bxbl }kw bo @pwj`’ kv k w`vpl~ j k mwj}bom Ipvlbi jplk~bjo/ ;=

E` ekv klvj vw`k lkbiv v~k~bom ~ek~ ~e` ikvvkw` j Gjvobko Ipvlbiv bo Vw`gwòbkbv k ir~e/ ;5 Vò`w bv w`mplkwlr boxjlx` bo nkxb Ejwj}b~s‒ %v`` g`lj}" jolbo` ikmk)sbo` Hwjo~lbo` Ikmksbo`/ Kb~bjokllr, ~e` gljm Cbek ]k~e bv joo`~` ~j nkxbEjwj}b~s‒ Hw``ji fò~`w/

Nkxbn Ejwj}b~sê` jo` Ikwubv~ nkxb Ejwj}b~s, bv ~e` l`k`w j ~e` nkxb Ejwj}b~s Hw``ji fò~`w3ko jwmkobvk~bjo ~ek~ lkbiv ~j kw` jw “~e` `òv` j w`` vjb`~b`v }ejv` ijwkl, pl~pwklko `jojib jpok~bjov kw` po`w k~~kd gr òìb`v gj~e v`plkw ko w`lbmbjpv, k~eji` ko kgwjk/’ Ejwj}b~s jwmkobv` ~e` kikbmo “Bvlkij)kvbv~ K}kw o`vv ]``d’bo 711= ko ekv vpjw~` Wjg`w~ Vò`w‒v }`gvb~` Cbek ]k~e jojibkllr/ ;2

Mbvål` Lb~~iko ) ’Gk~ R`‒jw’Mbvål` Lb~~iko bv ko @mr~bko gjwo kp~ejw }ej mj`v po`w ~e` v`pjori Gk~ R ‒jw%“nkpme~`w j ~e` Obl`’ bo E`gw`}"/ E`w g`v~ doj}o gjjd bv ―@pwkgbk3 ê` @pwj)KwkgKubv‒ %7110"/ B~ w``bx` k }kwi }`lji` bo ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~v‒ ikmksbo` Vn)Dpwbwò bo }ebe ~e` }wb~`w Ekwwr Xbo~`w }wj~`3 “@u~òvbx` `jw~bom j Ipvlbiv lbxbombo @pwj` bv ~e` jolr ~ebom ~ek~ ko w`xò~ @pwj`‒v ~wkovjwik~bjo bo~j k ebiib kw`k

bo ~e` jp~vdbw~v j ~e` v~kmok~bom Ipvlbi }jwl’/ 71 nebiib bv bo ~e` [pwko k `vwb~bjoj vji`jo` }ej lbx`v bo ko Bvlkib v~k~` gp~ g`ljomv ~j k b`wò~ w`lbmbjo/

Lb~~iko kwmp`v ~ek~ ~ewjpmejp~ ~e` ebv~jwr j Bvlki, Ipvlbiv ekx` jpme~ k }kw ~jkeb`x` }jwl jibok~bjo/ ê` pwwò~ ekv` j ~e` }kw v~w`~e`v gkd ~j ~e` ;2=6 jbl

wbvbv/ B~ ekv g`ò vpmm`v~` ~ek~ pwbom ~e` ~bi` j ~e` wbvbv, @pwj`ko l`k`wv kllj}`jw ~e` bo~wjp~bjo j ko Kwkg)Ipvlbi jplk~bjo bo @pwj`, jov`{pò~lr bob~bk~bom~e` ~wkovjwik~bjo wji @pwj` ~j @pwkgbk/

;> Vjp~e`wo qjx`w~r Lk} fò~`w3 e~~3**}}}/vlò~`w/jwm*m`~)bojwi`*bo~ llbmò`)l`v*wjl`v*ki`lk)m`ll w %po)

k~`"

;0 ê` Mpkwbko3 e~~3**}}}/mpkwbko/j/pd*pd*71;1*j~*;1*òmlbve)` o`)l`kmp`)~`k)kw~r %;1;1;1"

;8 @uj/v`3 e~~3**ùj/v`*71;;*}bl`wv)wbkv)wko)e ~v)ij~)ipvlbi`wZ>;08/e~il %;;1876"

;= Hwjo~qkm` Ikmksbo`3 e~~3**kwebx`/wjo~kmìkm/ji*w`kKw~bl`/kvu:KW^Bn97=>;0 %1=1=;5"

;5 Cbek ]k~e3 e~~3**}}}/cbek}k~e/jwm*7112*15*k~`w);>)r kwv)j)box v~bmk~bom)`x o~v)~ek~)~jjd)lk`)bo)vw`gwòb)

k)bo);220)b)ko)k~~`v~)~e`w )}kv/e~il %121575"

;2 Vjp~e`wo qjx`w~r Lk} fò~`w3 e~~3**}}}/vlò~`w/jwm*m ~)bojwi`*bo~ llbmò`)w`jw~*gwj}v`)kll)bvvp`v*71;;*vpii`w*~e`)ko~b)ipvlbi)boo`w)bwl` %ow ;>7, vpii`w 71;;"

71 Vn)dpwbwò3 “@pwkgbk ) @pwjkv bo~`mwk~bjo i` bvlki’ %ow 86, Kwbl 7110"



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V ;;

Kjwbom ~j Lb~~iko, ~e` Kwkg jpobl ko ~e` @f jwi` k v`w`~ gjr %~e` @pwj)Kwkg bkljmp` jw ~e` bilìò~k~bjo j ~e` ìkov j Jq@f"/ B~ bv lkbi` ~ek~ ~ebvvpjv` jovbwkr ekv wbxò jlb~bv, ~e` gkodv, ~e` pobx`wvb~b`v ko ~e` i`bk bo~j~e` ekov j k jw`bmo j}`w/ 7;

Klko Lkd`ê` }`kl~er B^)jovpl~ko~ Klko Lkd` oko`v ko vpjw~v ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi k~bxbv~o`~}jwd @omlbve n`ò` L`kmp` %@nL" ko wpov ~e` jw~kl >Hw``jiv fjiipob~r/Lkd`‒v joo`~bjo ~j @nL ekv g`ò doj}o `x`w vbo` e` bo V`~ìg`w 7112 ~jjd kw~ boko ―ko~b)Bvlkibsk~bjo i``~bom‒ kwwkom` gr ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~v/ K~ ~e` i``~bom, Lkd`ùlkbo` @nL‒v k~bxbvi kv }`ll kv ebv wjl` }b~ebo ~e` jwmkobvk~bjo/

Klko Lkd` o`~}jwdv }b~e b`jljmbv~v bo ~e` bo~`wok~bjokl ko~b)Ipvlbi oxbwjoiò~/Bo V`~ìg`w j 71;1 Lkd` ko v`x`wkl j~e`w @nL k~bxbv~v ~jjd kw~ bo ~e` ìjov~wk)~bjov kwwkom` gr qki`lk M`ll`w ko Wjg`w~ Vò`w kmkbov~ ~e` lkoo` Bvlkib fò~w`j fpl~pw` jo Ikoek~~ko, O`} Rjwd/ 77

Ikwd V~`roê` fkokbko jlpiobv~ Ikwd V~`ro bv ~e` }wb~`w j ~e` w`{pò~lr {pj~` gjjd ‒Ki`wbkKljo`) ê` @o j ~e` ]jwl kv ]` Doj} B~‒ pglbve` bo 7118/ Bo ~e` gjjd V~`rokwmp`v ~ek~ ~e` ]`v~ pww o~lr lbx`v bo k v~k~` j ìjmwkeb ko pl~pwkl v~kmok~bjo/

V~`rov kwmpiò~ bv ~ek~ k lkwm` kw~ j ~e` ]`v~`wo }jwl bv g`jibom Ipvlbi ko ~ek~~e` PV }bll vjjo v~ko kljo` kv k ]`v~`wo v~k~`/ Kb~bjokllr, V~`ro bv wb~bkl j mò`w`{pklb~r ko }`lkw` kv e` kwmp`v ~ek~ ~ebv w`k~`v k ìbobo` ko xplo`wkgl` vjb`~r, kovbipl~ko`jpvlr `w`kv`v eblgbw~e/ 76

Dò~ @d`wj~e

ê` V}`ò nìjwk~ Iq ko bo~`wok~bjokl v`w`~kwr Dò~ @d`wj~e ekv ~jm`~e`w }b~eebv gwj~e`w ^` lkr ko bijw~ko~ wjl` bo bo~`mwk~bom ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~v bo~j ~e`bo~`wok~bjokl ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/ 7> ê` gwj~e`wv wpo ~e` ko~b)Bvlkibsk~bjo poko Dò~ @d`wj~e ekv ik` ebv gkod kjpo~ vpgc`~ ~j jok~bjov ~j ~e` i`kobompl koV}`ò nìjwk~ wbòlr ―qjlb~bkllr Bojww`~‒/ 70

Wòâ V~kn~d`}b~sê` M`wiko fewbv~bko nìjwk~ ko jwi`w kwlbkiò~kwbko Wòâ V~k~d }bv~ }kvgkoo` wji ~e` kw~r k~`w e` boxb~` M``w~ ]bl`wv ~j k i``~bom/ Vjjo k~`w ~ebv,

V~k~d`}bv~ jpo` ~e` kw~r nb` Hw`be`~, ij`ll` jo ]bl`wv ko~b)Ipvlbi kw~r bo~e` O`~e`wlkov/ 78 Ijw`jx w, e` kw~bbk~` bo ~e` ~e` ~ò)r`kw koobx`wvkwr j 2*;; k~

Mwjpo S`wj/ e` jwmkobv`wv j ~e` `wìjor }`w` ~e` jwmkobvk~bjov Ki`wbko Hw``jin`ò` Bob~bk~bx` %KHnB" ko V~j Bvlkibsk~bjo j Ki`wbk %VBJK" wpo gr qki`lk M`ll`wko Wjg`w~ Vò`w/ 7=

7; P~ pw vdpmmko ‖ @o dwb~bvd mwkovdobom kx Vx`wbm`ìjdwk~ wok %Ok~pw ( Dpl~pw, 71;1"

77 V`kwelbme~3 e~~3**}}}/v`kwelbme~ikmksbo`/ji*boù/e:lbod9~ìlk~`(v~jwr96>> %ikwv 71;;"

76 P~ pw vdpmmko ‖ @o dwb~bvd mwkovdobom kx Vx`wbm`ìjdwk~ wok %Ok~pw ( Dpl~pw, 71;1"

7> P~ pw vdpmmko ‖ @o dwb~bvd mwkovdobom kx Vx`wbm`ìjdwk~`wok %Ok~pw ( Dpl~pw, 71;1"

70 Vrvxòvdko3 e~~3**}}}/vrvxòvdko/v *vx`wbm`*kw~bl ;07;15;*Vn)jlb~bd w)eckl`w)ejm`wjplbv~bvd)vkc~/e~il

%;;1516"

78 W`p~`wv3 e~~3**pd/w p~`wv/ji*kw~bl`*71;1*12*;>*pd)`pwj`)biibmwko~v)koklrvbv)bPD^W@85n;S071;112;>

%;112;>"7= Cbek ]k~e3 e~~3**}}}/cbek}k~e/jwm*71;;*12*kbvbjk)2;;)w``ji)wkllr)}`lji`v)l`wmr)wv~)w vjo`wv)

2;;)kiblr)iìg`wv)gkoo`)wji)jbkl/e~il&jii o~v %;;12;1"




QKW^ 6

Ko~b)Ipvlbi fjo`~v

ê` ko~b)Ipvlbi we`~jwb bv pll j jo`~v/ ê`v` jo`~v kw` ojwikllr pv` bo `x`wr)kr v`è gp~ kw` mbxò k b`wò~ ko j~ò ejv~bl` i`kobom bo ~ebv òxbwjoiò~/ ê`

ùw`vvbjo ―Bvlkibsk~bjo‒ bv jw ùkil` pv` ~j `vwbg` k lkoo` ko ejv~bl` jo{p`w)bom j @pwj`, oj~ o``vvkwblr ~ewjpme xbjlò~ i`kov, gp~ ~ewjpme ebme gbw~e wk~`v koìkov jw v`bkl wbme~v/

fjovbwkr ~e`jwb`v ko mw`k~ mò`wklbvk~bjov lkr bijw~ko~ kw~ bo ~e` we`~jwb/ Bo)hpò~bkl bobxbpklv ikr jo` ibop~` v~k~` ~ek~ oj~ kll Ipvlbiv kw` ejv~bl` ) lbd` v`plkwko lbg`wkl Ipvlbiv ) jolr ~j `lkw` ~eì vblò~ kw~bbko~v bo ~e` où~/ ê` `w`)~bjo j Bvlki ~epv w`xjlx`v kwjpo v~`w`j~r`v, ko lkdv kor opko`/ ^jm`~e`w ~e`rw`k~` k vòv` j k v~k~` j vb`m` }e`w` ~bi` bv obme/ Vjjo, @pwj` }bll g` ~wkovjwi`bo~j @pwkgbk/ Vji` j ~e` w`{pò~lr w`jpwwbom ùw vvbjov }bll g` ùlkbo` bo ~ebvv`~bjo/ ]` }bll klvj w`vò~ ~e` }krv bo }ebe ~e`v` ùw`vvbjov, jo`~v ko òb)~bjov kw` w`h`~` bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi gljmjve`w`/

@pwkgbkê`w` kw` ~}j v~wkov j }ek~ bv kll` ~e` ―@pwkgbk ê`jwr‒/ Jo` bv k jovbwkr ~e`jwr

kgjp~ k v`w`~ kmw`ìò~/ ê` j~e`w bv k ijw` mò`wkl ~e`jwr/ ]ek~ ~e` ~}j ekx` bo ji)ijo bv ~e` g`lb` ~ek~ @pwj` bv g`jibom k Ipvlbi v~k~`, b/`/ k @pwj`ko Kwkgbk/

ê` jovbwkr ~e`jwr ko g` k~` gkd ~j ~e` J~jg`w ]kw bo ;2=6 }eò ~e` jbl)v~k~`v bo ~e` Ibl` @kv~ `b` ~j bijv` ko ìgkwmj jo ~e` ]`v~/ Kjwbom ~j ~e`ko~b)Ipvlbi b`jljmbv~ Gk~ R`‒jw, ~e` Kwkgv pv` ~ebv kv ko jjw~pob~r ~j gwbom ~e`

@f ~j ~e` o`mj~bk~bom ~kgl`/ ê` Kwkg v~k~`v jov`{pò~lr o`mj~bk~` ko kmw`ìò~}e`w`gr @pwj` w``bx` jbl bo ùekom` jw k`~bom k lkwm` Ipvlbi jplk~bjo bo~j@pwj`/ êbv jplk~bjo }jpl g` kllj}` ~j bijw~ Bvlkib pl~pw` ko lbx` kjwbom~j ~e`bw j}o pv~jiv ko }krv j lb`/

V}`bve ko~b)Ipvlbi gljmv lbd` ―>=8‒ 75 ko ―Dlkw~ù~ò‒ 72 ekx` lbodv joo`~bom ~jk xb`j lb j Gk~ R`‒jw ùlkbobom e`w ~e`jwr/ ê` gljm ―Xàw v~po b Vx`wbm`‒ jw ‒Jpw%gwb`" ~bi` bo V}`ò‒ cjbo` ~j ~e` @pwkgbk ê`jwr bo 71;13

“]` ko oj} ù`~ ~e` okl ko `~wbiò~kl boxkvbjo %///" B~ bv ekwlr k jbobò`~ek~ ~e` wv~ jgv`wxkgl` vbmo j ~e` @pwkgbk wjc`~ }kv ik` `xbò~ ~e` vki` r`kw

~ek~ ~e` @P)jlb~bbkov {pb`~lr `b` ~ek~ }` kw` ~j ekx` ko J` j Vpwx`bllko` ~j

jo~wjl ~e` i`bk‒v ko ~e` b~bsòv‒ jbobjov jo ~e` jlb~bv j ~e` @pwj`ko Pobjobo `ke bobxbpkl @P v~k~`/ ê` @pwj`ko Pobjo }kv jov`{pò~lr }`ll k}kw` ~ek~~e`r ek oj~ ek bvpvvbjov }b~e `jl` bo @pwj`’/ 61

Hjllj}bom k V}`bve ^X wjmwkii` bo 71;;, bo }ebe ~e` pglb v`wxb` gwjkkv~`w VX^vwp~bobs` ~e` ―@pwkgbk e`jwr‒, ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ ko Iq Dò~ @d`wj~e gb~~`wlr}wj~` ~ek~ “VX^ bv j jpwv` {p`v~bjobom ~e` @pwkgbk jo`~’/ 6;

75 >=83 e~~3**rwkepowkvcp~~bjvù/gljmvj~/ji* %pok~`"

72 Dlkw~ù~ò3 e~~3**dlkw~ u~ò/}jww`vv/ji*71;;*15*1>*`pwkgbk)`pwjkv)wki~b* %71;;)15)1>"

61 Xàw v~po b Vx`wbm`3 e~~3**xkwv~pobvx`wbm`/gljmvj~/ji*71;1*1;*`pwkgbk)boxkvbjoò)kw)op)ò)w`klb~ ~/e~il%;11;70"

6; Dò~ @d`wj~e3 e~~3**dò~`d`wj~e/v`*71;;*15*16*djii o~kw)ji)vx~v)bovlkm)ji)`pwkgbk* %71;;)15)16"




Kjwbom ~j Gk~ R`‒jw, ~ebv ebmelr joò~bkl jj`wk~bjo ekv g`ò kibobv~`w` grvji`~ebom ve` kllv ~e` @pwj)Kwkg nbkljmp` }ebe bo ij`wo @pwj` po~bjov kv kv`w`~ mjx`woiò~/ ê` bkljmp` bv w`vò~ bo kll bijw~ko~ ve`w`v ko jwpiv lbd` ~e`pobx`wvb~b`v, i`bk, ~e` ~wk` ko bopv~wr ko bo kwlbkiò~v/

ê` jo`~ @pwkgbk ko bo vji` kv`v ~kd` k ijw` mò`wkl ùw`vvbjo/ K gljm ~ek~

wv~ ko jwìjv~ j`v oj~ g`ljom ~j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~ bv ―Wò~ wbobb`ll~‒jw ―Vbilr gr wbobl`‒/ ê` gljm bv wk~e`w k wjp~ j ~e` ]eb~` qj}`w Ijxìò~ko bv joo`~` ~j ~e` }eb~` j}`w jw~kl ―Ij~jl‒/ Jo Kpmpv~ 6w 71;; ~e`w` }kvk jv~ bvpvvbom Gk~ R`‒jw‒v ~e`jwr/ @xò b ~e` }wb~`w j`v oj~ kmw`` }b~e ~e` ~e`jwrjil`~`lr, ~e`w` bv ojo`~e`l`vv vji` kmw`ìò~/

“Jo v~w``~ l`x`l ~e`w` bv kjwbom ~j bojwik~bjo vji`~ebom kll` ―obom‒, }ebe bv~e` wj`vv }e`w`gr Ipvlbi mkomv ìko‒ ―cbsrk‒ wji `~eobkl V}``v/ ê`r ~kd`~e`bw ijgbl` ejo`v ko ~e`bw ijo`r `~ g`kpv` ~e`r w`mkw b~ kv ~e`bw wbme~ kv Ipv)lbiv ~j}kwv ~e` pokb~epl/ êk~ bv }e`w` }` ko v`` @pwkgbk bo b~v pll mljwr’/ 67

Bvlkibsk~bjoBo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi w`kli j jo`~v, Bvlkibsk~bjo bv lbod` ~j ijv~ ~ebomv bo vjb`~r kobv ljv`lr kvvjbk~` }b~e ~e` @pwkgbk ê`jwr/ ê` b`k bv gkv` jo ~e` kvvpi~bjo ~ek~ Bv)lki bv jo` pob` w`lbmbjo jw k vboml` ò~b~r }ebe xkv~lr b`wv wji ~e` ]`v~`wo }kr j

lb`/ Kjwbom ~j ko~b)Ipvlbi joxb~bjo, @pwj` bv bo ~e` wj`vv j kk~bom ~j Bvlki/ê` w`{pò~lr xbvb~` V}`bve gljm ―qjlb~bkllr Bojww`~‒ pglbve` k jv~ jo V`~ìg`w;6~e 71;1 }b~e ~e` e`kbom “ê` Bvlkibsk~bjo j V}`ò ) VX^ l`kv ~e` }kr’ bo }ebew`k`wv kw` ojpwkm` ~j }k~e k jpiò~kwr3

“êjv` }ej, `vb~` kll ~e` k~v, j oj~ g`lb`x` ~ek~ V}`ò bv jo b~v }kr j ~wkov)

jwibom bo~j ~e` klbek~` V}`bv~ko, jpl ekx` ek ~e` eko` ~j m`~ b~ jowi`~jkr gr }k~ebom VX^7 k~ >/60i’/ 66

K w`jpwwbom `kw bv ~ek~ Bvlki bv g`jibom ~e` V}`bve ok~bjokl w`lbmbjo/ ê` gljm“IU’ }wb~`v3

“Jo` j`v oj~ doj} }e`~e`w ~j lkpme jw wr/ Gp~ ikrg` b~ bv ~bi` ~j mbx` p ko k)`~ ~ek~ }` ekx` g`ji` k jpo~wr }e`w` ~e` ok~bjokl w`lbmbjo oj} bv Bvlki/ B~ bv oj~{pb~` wbme~ jw i` ~j }wb~` ~ebv4 ~e` wbvd bv ~ek~ B g`ji` kvvjbk~` }b~e ~e` Ojw}`)

mbko ikvv ipw`w w/ Gp~ B j oj~ mbx` k kio/ G`kpv` ~e` ~wp~e vekll v`~ rjp w``,vkrv ~e` ljw’/ 6>

ê` gljm ‒Klùko`w ~e` Mw`k~‒ glki`v ~e` `bvbjo ~j v~j ~e` wbombom j epwe g`llv boIkliø jo Bvlkibsk~bjo3

“ê` wbombom j epwe g`llv kw` oj} ~j bvk`kw/ K vkob~kwr bojoxòbò` bv }ek~~e`r kll b~/ Ej}`x`w, }ej bv k~pkllr gèbo ~ebv bv `kvr ~j mpw` jp~4 b~ bv kll`vji`~ebom `lv` bo ~e` lkompkm` j ~e` jwwp~ jlb~bbkov’/ 60

67 Wò~ wbobb`ll~3 e~~3**wbob/ij~jl/op*`pwkgbk* %71;;)15)16"

66 qjlb~bvd~ bodjww`d~3 e~~3**jlb~bvd~bodjww`d~/boj*71;1*12*;6*bvlkibv`wbomò)kx)vx`wbm`)vx~)xbvkw)xkmò* %71;1)12);6"6> IU3 e~~3**ibvvbjou/} ggljmm/v`*71;;*kpmpv~*ò)vxòvdk)bvlkibv`wbomò/e~il %71;;)15)1>"

60 Klùko`w ò v~jw`3 e~~3**wjlc``/gljmvj~/ji*71;;*1=*bvlkibv`wbomò)kx)iklij)gjwckw)~k)kw~/e~il %71;;)15)1>"



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V ;>

fwbibokl jò`v vpe kv wk` ko wbj~v bo ~e` vpgpwgv j gbm b~b`v kw` klvj glki` joBvlkibsk~bjo/ Xbjlò~ johb~v j `~eobkl jw w`lbmbjpv ekwk~`w kw` bo k vbiblkw x`bo v`òkv k w`vpl~ j Bvlkibsk~bjo ko oj~ kv k w`vpl~ j wkbvi, ùkmm`wk~` ok~bjoklbvi jw bo~jl)`wko`/ Gpblbom j ijv{p`v bv w`vò~` kv k xbvpkl `xbò` j ~e`v` `x`ljiò~v/ ê`gljm ―V}`ò ~jkr‒ }wb~`v3

“Bo ~e` Cîwxk kw`k }b~e b~v ebme biibmwko~ òvb~r ko mbko~ jow`~` me`~~jv, ~e`w`kw` oj} lkov ~j gpbl `xò ijw` ijv{p`v/ ê` o`` jw ijv{p`v bv bow`kvbomvekwlr bo kjwko` }b~e ~e` bow`kv` j Ipvlbiv/ V}`bve jlb~bbkov ekx` `b`~j l`~ ~e` Ipvlbiv ~kd` jx`w V}`ò }b~ejp~ l`~~bom korjo` {p`v~bjobom b~/ Hbx` o`}ijv{p`v kw` ~j g` gpbl~ bo Cîwxk kv k wjp~ j Bvlkibsk~bjo bo kb~bjo ~j kll ~e`j~e`w ijv{p`v v~bll k~ ~e` lkoobom v~km` ~ewjpmejp~ ~e` jpo~wr/’ 68

ê` gkoobom j ~e` x`bl jw Ob{kg bv klvj k w`jpwwbom ~eì`/ Bo 7112, ~e` oj} w`{pò~lrpk~` gljm ―Kllkep Kdgkw‒ lkbi` Bvlki ~j g` `{pbxklò~ }b~e Oksbvi ko ki` ~j ~e`jllj}bom jolpvbjo3

“Bvlki bv oj~ k w`lbmbjo/ Jpw jlb~bbkov ko l`k`wv ipv~ w`klbv` ~ebv/ Bvlki bv k ―ekw)jw`‒ jwi j Oksbvi/ ]ek~ bv b~ ~ek~ jpw jlb~bbkov ko ù`w~v kw` ibvvbom: Kllj}bom~e` Ob{kg ko ~e` x`bl kw` v~`v gkd}kwv, oj~ jw}kw/’ 6=

Koj~e`w w`jpwwbom ìko bv k jil`~` gko jo biibmwk~bjo wji Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v/Bo ~e` gljm ―q`~~`wvvjo bv ~wrbom ~j ikd` k b`wò`‒, ~e` v`pjori ―Jllbw`bo‒ }wb~`v ~e`jllj}bom jiiò~ kgjp~ ~e` Ibl` @kv~`wo ko Ojw~e`wo Kwbko w`mbjo3

“ê` v~k~bv~bv ikd` l`kw ~ek~ }` o`` ~j gko kll biibmwk~bjo wji ~e` I@OK jpo)

~wb`v kv kll ~e`v` ipw`w wv ko wkbv~v klijv~ ùlpvbx`lr kw` wji ~ejv` lk`v’/65

Bo 711= ~e` gljm ―@x`wr Dbok q`jl`‒ }wb~`v3

“Vkobokxbk‒v jlb~bbkov o`` ~j ikd` k mw`k~ `jw~ ~j w`lb`x` lkov ko Bikiv j j}`w/ Kvvbiblk~` ~e` Ipvlbi biibmwko~v g`jw` }` ò p }b~e kwkll`l vjb`~b`v lbd`~ejv` bo Hwko`, }e`w` oj ojo)Ipvlbi kw`v v~`bom jj~/ Ko v~j ~e` biibmwk~bjowji Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v’/ 62

^j bllpv~wk~` ~e` wbvdv j Bvlkibsk~bjo, wkbkl)Bvlkib v~k~ìò~v ko ~`wwjwbv~ k~v kw` pv`kv ukil`v/ Kb~bjokllr, kw`pllr ejvò {pj~k~bjov wji ~e` [pwko kw` pv` ~j k~~ke

glki` ko vpvbbjo ~j Ipvlbiv/ V`plkw Ipvlbiv kw` j~ò `vwbg` kv `jl` }b~e eb)ò kmòkv/

68 Vx`wbm` bkm3 e~~3**vx`wbm`bkm/}jww vv/ji*71;;*1>*78*ì)ork)ijvd `w)lko`wkv)b)ckwxkjiwk`~)p~kojw)v~jd)

ejli* %71;;)1>)78"

6= Kllkep Kdgkw3 e~~3**kllkepkdgkw/v`*}jww vv*7112*;7*vljcjwgp)dwkod w)ikovdlbmk)wk~~bme`~`w)`~)mjw)jx`wwkvdo)

bomvvù)i`)`ll`w)kw)`~)i`)ò)wk~~bme`~* %7112);7)12"

65 q`~~`wvvjo øwvød`w møwk vdbllok3 e~~3**`~~ wvvjov/gljmmvbk/v`*jlb~bd*kww )ijw)b)vx wbm`)je)jlbm~)xkl)

ibovdkw %71;;)1>)7="62 @x`wr dbok `jl`3 e~~3**`x wrdbok`jl`/gljmvj~/ji*711=*;7*ojwvd)kdbv~kob`w)xbll)v~omk)mwov`wok/e~il

%711=);7);;"




Vekwbk lk}vBilìò~k~bjo j Vekwbk lk} bv jw~wkr` kv k jov~ko~ ~ew`k~, ko vji`~ebom }ebe }bll`xò~pkllr ji` ~j g` k w`klb~r bo kll j @pwj`/ “nj rjp }ko~ ~j v`` ~e` vki` ekòbombo V}`ò:’ bv k {p`v~bjo ~ek~ ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ ^` @d`wj~e kvdv ebv w`k`wv bo kgljm jv~ jo`wobom wkbkl Bvlkibv~v }ej me~ jw ~e` bilìò~k~bjo j Vekwbk lk} bo

@omlko/ >1 ê` Vekwbk lk}v kw` gkv` jo ~ù~v wji ~e` [pwko ko ~e` qwje`~ Ipeki)ik‒v Vpooke/ Vekwbk boxjlx`v gj~e mpbko` ko ~ebomv jovb`w` jglbmk~jwr/ e`w` kw`b`wò~ bo~`ww ~k~bjov j Vekwbk, ko l`mkl wk~b` j Vekwbk b`wv `òbom jo ~e`jpo~wr bo }ebe b~ bv g`bom wk~b`/ >; Kijom ~e`v` jpo~wb`v kw` jw ùkil` Bwko, Vkp)b Kwkgbk ko Bvwk`l/ Bo ~e` lk~~`w kv` ~e` lk}v kw` bw`~` ~j}kwv ~e` Ipvlbi ibojwb~r/Ej}`x`w, ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi we`~jwb j`v oj~ b`wò~bk~` g`~}`ò ~e` Vekwbk lk}v bo ~e`b`wò~ Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v ko bv bov~`k v`ò kv k je`vbx` eòjiòjo/ Kjwbom ~j~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi oxbwjoiò~ ~e` ijv~ u~wì` l`mkl bo~`ww`~k~bjov }bll g` bilìò~`bo @pwj` kv k w`vpl~ j Bvlkibsk~bjo/ ê` gljm ―IU‒ }wb~`v3

“]` ko l`kwo ijw` kgjp~ Bvlki ko Vekwbk/ ]` ko kvd ~e` mjx`woiò~ ~j p~ k v~j~j ~e` jomjbom `x`ljiò~v bo @pwj`, V}`ò ko Ikliø/ ]` ko m`~ bo jo~k~}b~e ~e` Wkbj, ^X ko ljkl o`}vk`wv/ nj }` }ko~ ~j wj~`~ Epiko Wbme~v boV}`ò jw }bll }` cpv~ bmojw` ~ebv jomjbom wj`vv:’/ >7

Bo 7115 ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ ko Iq êjwkl Klvvjo }wj~` kgjp~ k cjpwoklbv~ boKmekobv~ko }ej }kv vò~ò` ~j `k~e g`kpv` e` ek j}oljk` ik~`wbkl kgjp~ ~e`v~k~pv j }jiò bo b`wò~ jpo~wb`v/ E` jov`{pò~lr kvdv ~e` we`~jwbkl {p`v~bjo3 “Kw~e`v` ~e` Vekwbk fjpw~v ~ek~ jpw o`} V}``v }bve jw bo V}`ò:’ >6

Bo ~e` vki` jv~, Klvvjo jilkbov kgjp~ k v~k~ìò~ ik` gr qwbi` Ibobv~`w Hw`)wbd W`bo`l~ kgjp~ gkwgkwbvi/

“B~ bv bo ~e` 00 jpo~wb`v ~ek~ ko g` jpo~` Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v ~ek~ gkwgkwbvi v~blljpwv/ ]ek~ bv x`wr vpwwbvbom bv ~ek~ kll ~e`v` Ipvlbiv ~ek~ ji` ~j V}`ò }ko~~e` vki` boepiko l`mkl vrv~ì ko w`lbmbjo kv ~e` jo` wji }ebe ~e`r ekx` h`/ B

w`jiiò ~ek~ ~e`r ejjv` jo` j ~e`v` 00 jpo~wb`v bov~`k j V}`ò’/ >>

Cbeknê` jo`~ ~kd`v jo b`wò~ i`kobomv ~ewjpmejp~ ~e` Ipvlbi }jwl/ B~ ko i`kokor~ebom wji vjpl)v`kwebom ~j v~wpmml`/ Bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi oxbwjoiò~ ej}`x`w, ~e`jo`~ ekv k vboml` ko l`kw i`kobom/ Ko~b)Ipvlbi k~jwv v`` cbek ko }kw kv vrojor)ijpv/ fjov`{pò~lr, kw~v j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~ kll ~eìv`lx`v ~e` jpo~`w)

cbek ijxìò~/Bo ko~b)Ipvlbi we`~jwb, ~ebv ejlr }kw ekv ji` ~j @pwj` kv k wjp~ j biibmwk)

~bjo wji Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v/ Bo H`gwpkwr 7112 ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ ^` @d`wj~elkbi` k joo`~bjo g`~}`ò xkoklbvi bo ~e` vpgpwgv Vj`lpo ko ^òv~k, ko―cbek‒/

>1 ^` @d wj~e3 e~~3**~``d`wj~e/v`*71;;*16*6;*ipvlbi`w)ìjov~w`wkw)jw)vekwbk)jujw)v~)ljojo)xb`j* %71;;)16)6;"

>; P~gblobomvwkbjo ) Ipvlbi b @pwjk3 e~~3**}}}/pw/v`*V`wb`*Ipvlbi)b)@pwjk*H i)vekwbk)dk~`mjwb w* %jk~`wk,

g`vød~ ;;12;0"

>7 IU3 e~~3**ibvvbjou/} ggljmm/v`*7115*kpmpv~*v~jk)vekwbk)b)iklij)je)e`lk)vx`wbm`/e~il %7115)15)12">6 êjwkl Klvvjo3 e~~3**~ejwklklvvjo/}`ggljmm/v`*7115*ckopkwr*wki~bòv)jiv~jlkw)b)vx`wbm`/e~il %7115)1;)78"

>> êjwkl Klvvjo3 e~~3**~ejwklklvvjo/}`ggljmm/v`*7115*ckopkwr*wki~bòv)jiv~jlkw)b)vx`wbm`/e~il %7115)1;)78"




“‒Rjp~ev:‒ Cbek ko ipl~bpl~pwklbvi bo V}`ò///^òv~k ko Vj`lpo/ Ib V}`òko ~e` Vjp~e j V}`ò/ Ipl~bpl~pwklbvi vej}v b~v k` bo ~}j lk`v k~ ~e` vki`~bi`+’ >0

êk~ vki` r`kw, ~e` gljm ―Bo ir V}`ò‒ }wj~` kgjp~ ~e` ~ewj}bom j v~jo`v bo ~e` vpg)pwgv j Mj~eògpwm/ ê` jv~ ekv ~e` e`kbom “Cbek bo Mj~eògpwm/ Hbwìò bocpw` bo kv~jo` k~~kd lkv~ obme~’/ >8 ê` }wb~`w ~eò v~k~`v3

“R`v, `jl` g`ji` vj kli, mò`wjpv ko ljxbom pwbom Wkikko/ ]` oj} v`` ~ek~`x`wr r`kw/ Ekl j V}`ò bv jo w` }b~e cbek ko jpw `v~kglbve` jlb~bbkov ljjd~e` j~e`w }kr kv pvpkl’/ >=

ê` gljm “Povkb }b~e Mwkoij’ lkbiv ~ek~ cbek bv ìg`` bo ~e` fjov~b~p~bjo3

“Vbo` cbek bv g`bom `ò` gr v`xò jp~ j ~e` `bme~ kw~b`v j kwlbkiò~, ko ekvg`ò biwbo~` bo~j ~e` fjov~b~p~bjo, ~e` jjw bv l`~ }b` jò jw ~e` Bvlkibsk~bjoj jpw jpo~wr/ ê` `jl` ekx` o`x`w g`ò kvd` kgjp~ ~e` `vbwkgblb~r j vpe `)x`ljiò~v/ B korjo` ikd v vj ipe kv k ojbv`, ~e`r }bll m`~ ~e` jw` xklp`v vejx`j}o ~e`bw ~ewjk~v3 ―@x`wrjo` bv `{pkllr }jw~e‒/’ >5

ê` gljm ―IU‒ joo`~v ~e` ipw`w j k rjpom }jiko bo Mj~eògpwm bo ~e` vpii`wj 71;1 }b~e cbek ko mbx`v ~e` jllj}bom ùlkok~bjo3

“fwbibokl biibmwko~v }ej vbilr ekx` g`ò l`~ bo~j V}`ò kw` w`vjovbgl` jw >/0~bi`v kv ikor wk`v kv ok~bx` jò`wv/ ]ek~ vejpl klvj g` jgv`wx` bv ~e` Bvlkib

~wkb~bjo j wk` kv ~e` iò‒v cbek’/>2

ê` Nìjmwkqebf Gjigê` b`k ~ek~ Ipvlbiv }bll g`ji` k ikcjwb~r bo @pwj` bo ~e` o`kw p~pw` bv jo` ~ek~jov~ko~lr w`k`kwv bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~/ ê` mw`k~ `kw j ~ebv ekòbombv gkv` jo ~e` g`lb` ~ek~ Ipvlbiv k~ bo pobvjo ~j, kijom j~e`w ~ebomv, kgjlbve ìj)wkr ko `xò~pkllr kpv` ~e` j}okll j ]`v~`wo pl~pw`/ ê` kwmpiò~ bv gkv` jo ~e`kvvpi~bjo ~ek~ ~ejv` }ej ekx` ìbmwk~` wji Ipvlbi jpo~wb`v ` k~j kw` Ipvlbi

ko ~ek~ `x`wrjo` ~ek~ jwiv k kiblr bo @pwj` j vj }b~e koj~e`w Ipvlbi/ ê` we`~jwb`vwbg`v ~ebv kv ―~e` ìjmwkeb gjig‒/

ê` V}`ò nìjwk~ Iq Dò~ @d`wj~e jiiò~` jo ~e` k~ ~ek~ ~e` wv~ ebl

~ek~ }kv gjwo bo Ikliø bo 71;; ek g`ò mbxò ~e` oki` Kei` bo ~e` jllj}bom }kr3

“K vri~ji j Ikliø ) k vri~ji j Bvlkibsk~bjo ) k vri~ji j ~e` ìjmwkebgjig/’ 01

>0 ^` @d`wj~e3 e~~3**~``d wj~e/v`*7112*17*;8*cbek)je)ikomdpl~pw)b)vx`wbm * %7112)17);8"

>8 B ib~~ Vx`wbm`3 e~~3**bib~~vx`wbm`/gljmvj~/ji*7112*15*cbek)b)mj~`gjwm)gwkoiko)vdkk`)b/e~il %7112)15)72"

>= B ib~~ Vx`wbm`3 e~~3**bib~~vx`wbm`/gljmvj~/ji*7112*15*cbek)b)mj~`gjwm)gwkoiko)vdkk`)b/e~il %7112)15)72"

>5 Jvkm~ i` Mwkoij3 e~~3**ikcmwkoij/gljmvj~/ji*71;;*18*cbek)k)ikomk)vk~~/e~il %71;;)18)77">2 IU3 e~~3**ibvvbjou/}`ggljmm/v`*71;;*kwbl*p~dkv~)kwbl)6)71;;/e~il %71;;)1>)16"

01 Dò~ @d`wj~e3 e~~3**dò~ d`wj~e/v *71;;*1;*17*jwv~k)gkwo`~)b)iklij)71;;* %71;;)1;)17"



Ê@ KO^B)IPVLBI @OXBWJOI@O^ ) E@ Bn@KV, E@ qWJHBL@V KOn E@ fJOf@q^V ;=

Jo` j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi wbxbom jw`v gèbo ~ebv vpjv` ìjmwkeb ~ew`k~ bv ~e`fkokbko Ikwd V~`ro/ Bo ~e` gjjd ―Ki`wbk Kljo`‒ e` kbo~v k kwd b~pw` j @pwj`‒vp~pw`, lkbibom b~ }bll g` gpwò` gr wkbkl Bvlkibvi }ebe }bll l`k ~j ~e` kgjlb~bjo j ìjwkr/

Bo jw`w ~j w`xò~ ~ebv vpjv` `x`ljiò~, k gko jo biibmwk~bjo bv k w`{pò~ìko wji ko~b)Ipvlbi k~jwv/ K~`w ~e` ~`wwjwbv~ k~~kd bo Ojw}kr, ~e` gljm ―Dlkw)~ù~ò‒ v~k~` ~ek~ ~e`r ek o`x`w g`lb`x` bo Gk~ R`‒jw‒v @pwkgbk ê`jwr, gp~ ~ek~ ~e`biibmwk~bjo v~bll }bll w`vpl~ bo vji`~ebom vbiblkw3

“fjovbwkr jw oj~, ~e` w`vpl~ }bll g` ~e` vki` b ~e` ikvv)biibmwk~bjo jo~bop`v bo~ebv }kr+ @xò~pkllr }` }bll ekx` k Ipvlbi ikcjwb~r/ B~ bv bo`xb~kgl`/’ 0;

―Nebiibhfk~bjo‒nebiib bv bo ~e` [pwko `vwbg` kv k `wvjo }ej lbx`v bo ko Bvlkib v~k~` gp~ }ejg`ljomv ~j k b`wò~ w`lbmbjo/ êbv v~k~pv ò~kbl` ~ek~ ~e` `wvjo }kv oj~ kllj}` ~jkw~bbk~` bo }kwv, ko ~ek~ ~e`r ek ~j kr k jwi j ~ku }ebe jolr ojo)Ipvlbiv ek ~jkr/ Bo j~e`w }jwv ~e`r }`w` krbom jw ~e`bw j}o wj~`~bjo/ B`jljmbv~v, gljmm`wv kojlb~bbkov vji`~bi`v kwmp` ~ek~ b ~e` Ipvlbi jplk~bjo g`ji` k ikcjwb~r, ~ebv kobò~

vrv~ì }bll g` w`)bilìò~`/ ê` @pwj`ko vjb`~b`v‒ vpjv` kk~bjo ~j Bvlki bv j)kvbjokllr `vwbg` kv k ―ebiibk~bjo‒ jw k v`l)ebiibk~bjo‒/ ê` {pj~k~bjo g`lj}bv k jiiò~ ik` jllj}bom ~e` o`}v ~ek~ k G`lmbko jikor ek ekom` ~e` k~~`woj ~e`bw ~jbl`~ wjllv kv k w`vpl~ j wj~`v~v kmkbov~ ~eì/ ê` w`kvjo }kv ~ek~ ~e` vrigjlv jo~e` k`w jpl ibv~kdòlr g` w`k jw ―Kllke‒, lkbiv ~e` gljm3

“ê` lkwm` Hwòe w`~kbl ekbo fkww`jpw ekv `b` ~j }b~ewk} kll vkil`v j k

`w~kbo v~rl` j ~jbl`~ wjll wji b~v vejv bo G`lmbpi/ êbv bv ~e` lk~`v~ ùkil` j v`l)ebiibk~bjo bo G`lmbpi’/ 07

Ko Jffpqrbom Qj}`wKjwbom ~j ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi xbvbjo, @pwj` bv po`w jpk~bjo/ Gk~ R`‒jw‒v ―@pwkgbk‒ bvvjjo ~j g` k k~ }e`w` ~e` l`k`wv ko ~e` i`bk ekx` g`ji` vpgjwbok~` ~j ~e` Ipvlbijovbwkr/ ê` gljm IU ekv pglbve` ù~wk~v wji ko ko~b)Ipvlbi gjjd3

“W`vbv~ko` kmkbov~ ~e` b`jljmr bv bo ijv~ kv`v i`koboml`vv ko ~e` jolr kl~`wok~bx`

jw ~e` jo{p`w` `jl` bo k m`jmwkebkl òlkx` bv ~j jox`w~ ~j Bvlki/ ê` iko bv~eò ~pwo` bo~j ko Bvlkib wjo` bo ~e` }kw kmkbov~ ~e` pokb~epl, ko ~e` }jiko

bv ~pwo` bo~j k vlkxbom ebl)wjpbom ij~e`w/ ê` jo`v ~ek~ vpwxbx` ~e` boxkvbjoko j oj~ vpwwò`w j~ò ekx` oj ejb` gp~ ~j h`` bo~j koj~e`w wbòlr kw`k, wji}ebe ~e`r `xò~pkllr ibme~ g` kgl` ~j me~ ~e` pw~e`w vw`k j Bvlkibvi/’ 06

0; Dlkw~ù~ò3 e~~3**dlkw~ u~ò/}jww vv/ji*71;;*15*1>*`pwkgbk)`pwjkv)wki~b* %71;;)15)1>"

07 X`wdlbme`~ò b Vx`wbm`3 e~~3**x`wdlbme`~òbvx`wbm`/}jww vv/ji*71;;*10*70*ipvlbi`w)b)g`lmbò)pwjwk)jx w)~jkk`w* %71;;)10)70"

06 IU3 e~~3**ibvvbjou/} ggljmm/v`*71;;*ckopkwr*ej~`~)bobwko)bvlkibv~bvd)~`jdwk~bvd)bd~k~p);/e~il %71;;)1;)77"




f`w~kbo gb~~`wo`vv bv oj~b`kgl` `v`bkllr kijom gljmm`wv/ Bo jocpo~bjo }b~e ~e` `l)`gwk~bjov j ~e` Ok~bjokl nkr bo 71;; ~e` gljm ―X wdlbme`~ò‒ jw ―ê` W`klb~r‒ }wb~`v3

“Gp~ }eò B ~jkr w`k kgjp~ ej} ~e` V}`bve Ok~bjokl kr ekv g`ò dbok` ko

mwkx lr wbbpl` gr kxjk~`v j ~e` ``lr ejv~bl` ipl~bpl~pwklbvi, ir `xkv~k~bjoekv ~pwo` bo~j wkm`/ B }ko~ ~j wb ~e` hkm jp~ j ~e`bw ekov ko `jw~ ~eì gkd~j ~e`bw wj~~ò kx`v, k~ l`kv~ jw ~ebv jo` kr/ B }jpl lbd` oj~ ekxbom ~j v`` w`w`)vò~k~bx`v j ~e` ]jwl‒v ijv~ `~wbiò~kl ko ~j~klb~kwbko b`jljmr v~` kll jx`w~e` iìjwr j V}`bve ìjwkr ko me~`wv j `{pklb~r, k~ l`kv~ jo ~ebv jo` kr/Jo ~ebv jo` kr, B }jpl lbd` ~j g` w`` wji ~e` vbme~ j jw`vv` ìkl` vlkx`v boglkd ve``~v, ko v`l)wbme~`jpv, gò`~)lkbibom g`kw` iò bo w`vv`v/ Jo ~ebv vbo)ml` kr, B }jpl lbd` ~j kxjb m`~~bom ir ojv` wpgg` bo ~e` ipl~bpl~pwkl bl` j pom/Bv ~ek~ ~jj ipe ~j kvd:’ 0>

f`w~kbo `lìò~v bo ~e` we`~jwb vpwwjpobom ~e` vpjv` jpk~bjokl j}`w wk}kwkll`lv g`~}`ò ~e` Ipvlbiv ~jkr ko ~e` Oksbv pwbom ~e` V`jo ]jwl ]kw/ Bo ~ebv}kr, ko~b)Ipvlbi k~jwv jw~wkr ~eìv`lx`v kv k ijxìò~ j jjvb~bjo/ qjlb~bbkov ~ek~j oj~ vekw` ~e`bw }jwlxb`} kw` j~ò lkg`ll` ―{pbvlbomv‒/ ―M`wipo‒v gljm‒ }wb~`v3

“ê`v` `x`ljiò~v ko g` jikw` ~j ~e` bbj~v j ~e` Oksbv ko fjiipobv~v}ej g`ki` ok~bjokl ~wkb~jwv ko v`w`~ bojwiko~v’/ 00

Qjlb~bfkl fjww`f~o`vvBo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~ ~e` jo`~ “jlb~bkllr jww`~’ bv ko kgpvbx` ~`wi/ Hjwb`jljmbv~v ko k~jwv bo ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi òxbwjoiò~, }ej j~ò ò` ~eìv`lx`v kv

―jlb~bkllr bojww`~‒, ―jlb~bkl jww`~o`vv‒ bv oj~ebom gp~ k jovbwkr jovbv~ò~ j jlb)~bbkov, cjpwoklbv~v ko j~e`wv }ej j oj~ vekw` ~e` ko~b)Ipvlbi xbvbjo/ ê` l`kbom wk)bkllr w`cpb` V}`bve gljm bv kll` ―qjlb~bkllr Bojww`~‒ ko ekv w`wjp` k v`èùlkbobom ~e` w`k~bjo j ~e` vpjv` jovbwkr/ ê` v`è joo`~v jlb~bkl jww`~)o`vv ko Ikwubvi/ Vji`~ebom ~ek~ Ko`wv Gèwbom Gw`bxbd iò~bjov bo ebv ikob`v~j3 08

“]e`w` j kll ~e`v` ~ebomv ~ek~ rjp ekx` e`kw kgjp~ ~ebv ijwobom ji` wji4 ~e`xb~bi ìbobvi, ~e` ejijvùpkl wbme~v ijxìò~, ~e` ikopk~pw v~k~bv~bv, ~e`

w`)}wb~~ò ebv~jwr, ~e` lb`v, ~e` ìkov, ko ~e` w`v~/ ]e`w` j`v b~ ji` wji: Hjw~e` wv~ ~bi` bo ebv~jwr Ki`wbkov ipv~ g` }jwwb` kgjp~ }ek~ ~e`r vkr, }wb~` ko~ebod/ ê`r ekx` ~j }jwwr kgjp~ pvbom ~e` }wjom }jw, k }jw `ì` jòvbx` jw

bovòvb~bx`, jw wkbv~, vùbv~ jw ejijejgb/’

“]` ekx` v`ò j~e`w jpo~wb`v, `v`bkllr pwbom ~ebv ò~pwr, }e`w` ~ebv ekv g`ò~e` kv`/ Ko }` ekx` kl}krv ljjd` k~ ~eì }b~e k jigbok~bjo j jikvvbjo, ko~j g` ejo`v~, vji` epijpw, vbo` b~ ekv v~wpd pv kv vj j ~ek~ `jl` }jpl kllj}k vb~pk~bjo ~j `x`lj }e`w` ~e`r }jpl g`ji` }kwr j }ek~ }jwv ~j pv`/ Gp~ }òj} ekx` ~ebv vb~pk~bjo bo ~ebv jpo~wr/’

0> X`wdlbme`~ò b Vx`wbm`3 e~~v3**x`wdlbme`~òbvx wbm`/}jww vv/ji*71;;*18*18*koop)ò)vjwmòv)km* %71;;)18)18"

00 M`wipov gljm3 e~~3**m`wipoko`wvvjo/gljmvj~/ji*71;1*12*`w)gkpeo)je)`)dwkod~kv)djw)vki~/e~il %71;1)

12)15"08 qjlb~bvd~ Bodjww`d~ e~~3**}`g/kwebx`/jwm*}`g*71;1171>;66=71*e~~3**jlb~bvd~bodjww d~/}jww vv/

ji*7112*1;*1=*pwvwpom`~)~bll)jlb~bvd)djww d~e`~* %7112)1;)1="




“]` wbikwblr ekx` b~ jo jll`m`)kipv`v, gp~ b~ bv vw`kbom ~ewjpmejp~ ~e`}ejl` vjb`~r/ ]e`w` j`v b~ ji` wji: ]ek~ bv b~: ]` kll b~ ―jlb~bkl jww`~o`vv‒/ê` oki` kwjv` kv vji`~ebom j k cjd`, lb~`wkllr v`kdbom bo k jib vd`~e, ko }`

v~bll ~ò ~j ~ebod j b~ kv i`w`lr vìb)v`wbjpv/ Bo k~pklb~r b~ bv `klr v`wbjpv/ B~ bv ~e`gbm bv`kv` j jpw ò~pwr, ~e` bv`kv` }ebe ekv l`~ gèbo ~òv j ibllbjov j `k`jl` bo @pwj`, bo Wpvvbk, bo febok4 r`v, k~pkllr kll jx`w ~e` }jwl/ B~ bv ~e` bv`kv`b`jljmr/ qf bv oj~ po/ qf bv `klr v`wbjpv/ B }` ljjd b~ k~ koklr~bkllr, b }` ljjdk~ b~ ebv~jwbkllr, }` }bll {pbdlr bvjx`w ùk~lr }ek~ b~ bv/ qjlb~bkl fjww`~o`vv bvpl~pwkl Ikwubvi/’

qjlb~bkl jww`~o`vv kv k }jw j kgpv` w`jpwv w`{pò~lr/ Jo V`~ìg`w 0~e ~ebv r`kw,~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ Iq Dò~ @d`wj~e wb~bbv` ~e` lkov j jlbìò ~j ~kd` Kwkgbl`vvjov3

“qjlb~bkl fjww`~o`vv bo V}`ò doj}v oj gjpov/ ]` ko oj} w`k ~ek~ k opig`wj jlbìò xjlpo~kwblr ekx` vbmo` p ~j ~kd` lkvv`v bo Kwkgb bo jw`w ~j kllj}

~eì ~j g` jlb~` ~j biibmwko~v ~ek~ kw` mpbl~r j xbjlò~ k~v/ êbv jw jo` bv k V}`)bve ~kl` ~e` Ojw}`mbkov ko lkpme k~/ B~ vejpl g` v~wb~lr jwgbò ~j v`kd kor~ebomgp~ V}`bve ~j jlbìò jo p~r/ ^j kk~ jo`v`l ko vjb`~r bo ~ebv }kr ikr g`jo` j ~e` ijv~ k~e`~b ~ebomv B ekx` e`kw bo k ljom ~bi`’/ 0=

K w`k`kwbom bllpv~wk~bjo ~ek~ ko g` v`ò jo ~e` gljm j ~e` V}`ò nìjwk~ `@d`wj~e kijom j~e`wv, bv jo` }e`w` ~e` ekl)ijjo %Bvlki", ~e` V}kv~bdk %Oksbvi", ~eèkii`w ko w`kbom)ejjd %fjiipobvi" ko ~e` l`~~`wv qD %jlb~bkl jww`~o`vv, qf"

kw` kll lbod` ~jm`~e`w/05

0= Dò~ @d`wj~e3 e~~3**dò~ d`wj~e/v *71;;*12*10*jlbvò)vdk)lkwk)vbm)kwkgbvdk)jw)k~~)dpook)xkwk)kw~bmk)ij~)xklv)x`wdkw`* %71;;)12)10"

05 ^` @d`wj~e3 e~~3**~``d`wj~e/v`* %bllpv~wk~bjo bo ~e` e`k`w, e`d` ;;12;6"

expo research - the anti-muslim environment 2011

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