@DrLancaster

DR.THOMAS LANCASTER

Keynote Presentation at

Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences

Thursday 20 October 2016

Exploring The Culture Of Plagiarism

Invading Higher Education

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

SCENE SETTING

@DrLancaster

DR. THOMAS LANCASTER

Associate Head of School (Marketing and Recruitment) at Coventry University, UK

Researcher into student cheating, plagiarism and academic integrity

Social media enthusiast

http://thomaslancaster.co.uk

http://www.slideshare.net/ThomasLancaster

@DrLancaster

PHD THESIS

Argued the need to both prevent

and detect plagiarism

Need to make plagiarism

detection an integral part of the

assessment process

Lancaster, T. (2003). Effective and Efficient Plagiarism Detection

(Doctoral dissertation, London South Bank University, UK).

@DrLancaster

UK EXPERT

ROCHESTER

BBC Radio Interview

19 October 2016

@DrLancaster

MAINSTREAM UK PRESS

https://www.theguardian.com/higher-education-network/2016/oct/19/its-not-a-victimless-the-

murky-business-of-buying-academic-essays?CMP=share_btn_tw

19 October 2016

@DrLancaster

INTERNATIONAL EXPERT (AUSTRALIA)

http://www.perthnow.com.au/news/western-australia/wa-universities-put-spotlight-on-cheaters-

hiring-ghostwriters/news-story/5e20ff10be361755aef128c3ee08f8bc

WA universities put spotlight on

cheaters hiring ghostwriters

15 October 2016

“Coventry University computing lecturer Thomas Lancaster, a leader

in the field, who appeared at this week’s forum, said the ‘sheer

prominence’ and number of sites offering such services indicated the

size of the problem.

‘If a student feels they might fail a course, the consequences are

huge,’ Dr Lancaster said.”

@DrLancasterhttps://scholar.google.com/citations?user=lViA0GAAAAAJ

Google Research Record

@DrLancaster

Most Cited Papers

@DrLancaster

TwitterPlagiarismExperts

@DrLancaster

http://www.slideshare.net/ThomasLancaster

Prominent speaker on plagiarism and cheating topics

These are archived talks found on my SlideShare account

@DrLancaster

European Network of Academic Integrity

https://www.academicintegrity.eu

“ENAI is a European platform for promoting academic integrity

issues, sharing experiences, ideas, materials, etc, to help

higher education institutions prevent academic

misconduct and promote academic and research integrity.”

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

WHAT DOES PLAGIARISM

LOOK LIKE?

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism

From Latin form plagiarus

Meaning kidnapper

@DrLancaster

an act or instance of using or closely

imitating the language and thoughts of

another author without authorization and

the representation of that author's work as

one's own, as by not crediting the original

author

Dictionary Definition

Definition from Dictionary.com

@DrLancaster

A student uses the words or ideas of

another, without acknowledging the

source

Student Plagiarism

My standard definition

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Examples Of How Students End Up Plagiarising

@DrLancaster

Pre-written Essays

Essays are available across many subjects and

academic levels

@DrLancaster

The problem of

plagiarism needs to

be addressed

throughout education

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism in Video Games

Angry Birds

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism in Fashion

http://hyperallergic.com/317114/artist-claims-topshop-ripped-off-his-designs/

Artist Claims Topshop Ripped off His Designs

12 August 2016

“Azerbaijani artist

Faig Ahmed has

accused Topshop

of plagiarism”Rug T-Shirt with Rug Print Design

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism in Advertising

http://zouchmagazine.com/plakat-und-plagiat-vintage-plagiarism/#.WAdSeySDvYk

Example from

a 1915 edition

of the Das Plagat

magazine

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism in Speeches (1)

From a young age, my parents

impressed on me the values that

you work hard for what you want

in life, that your word is your

bond and you do what you say

and keep your promise, that you

treat people with respect.

Barack and I were raised with so

many of the same values: that

you work hard for what you want

in life; that your word is your

bond and you do what you say

you’re going to do; that you treat

people with dignity and respect

Melanie Trump – July 2016 Michelle Obama - 2008

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism in Speeches (2)

From a young age, my parents

impressed on me the values that

you work hard for what you want

in life, that your word is your

bond and you do what you say

and keep your promise, that you

treat people with respect.

Barack and I were raised with so

many of the same values: that

you work hard for what you want

in life; that your word is your

bond and you do what you say

you’re going to do; that you treat

people with dignity and respect

Melanie Trump – July 2016 Michelle Obama - 2008

@DrLancaster

The problem of plagiarism in

Azerbaijan especially more

widespread in textbooks and in the

field of music.

http://report.az/en/sosial-security/creation-of-national-antiplagiarism-system-proposed-in-azerbaijan/

Creation of national antiplagiarism

system proposed in Azerbaijan

7 April 2016

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism is

not unique to

education

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism Across Academics

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism is not

just undertaken

by students!

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

FORMALISING

PLAGIARISM

@DrLancaster

Dr. Teddi

Fishman

International Center for Academic Integrity

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be

monetary

Formalised Definition

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

How well does

this definition

express working

with students?

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be

monetary

Academic Definition ?

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be

monetary

Academic Definition ?

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was

obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be

monetary

Academic Definition ?

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not be

monetary

Academic Definition ?

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism occurs when someone

1. Uses words, ideas, or work products

2. Attributable to another identifiable person or source

3. Without attributing the work to the source from which it was obtained

4. In a situation in which there is a legitimate expectation of original

authorship

5. In order to obtain some benefit, credit, or gain which need not

be monetary

Academic Definition ?

Fishman, T. (2009). “We know it when we see it” is not good

enough: toward a standard definition of plagiarism that

transcends theft, fraud, and copyright.

@DrLancaster

This is an applicable

definition. Do we

know why students

plagiarise?

@DrLancaster

Can we adjust our

practice based on the

reasons why students

plagiarise?

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

WHAT SHOULD WE DO?

@DrLancaster

Stop The Cheats?

@DrLancaster

Improve Teaching?

@DrLancaster

• Lead by example – say no to research fraud

• Tell students that plagiarism is unacceptable

• Show students the benefits of not plagiarising

• Teach students how to write and cite correctly

• Set new assignments for students each time

Prevent Plagiarism

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

WORKING WITH

STUDENTS

@DrLancaster

Global Ethics Day

October 19, 2016

#defeatthecheat

#excelwithintegrity

DEREE

COVENTRY

UNISA

ROCHESTER

HUMBER COLLEGE

@DrLancaster

EXCEL BY

HARDWORK

NOT BY

SHORTCUTS!!

@DrLancaster

When I graduate

I would be

clueless

@DrLancaster

Be proud of YOUR own

work NOT someone

else’s

@DrLancaster

Plagiarism is a

global problem

which devalues

our education

@DrLancaster

We can and we must

stop plagiarism

@DrLancaster

@DrLancaster

PLAGIARISM

SUPPORTING

INFORMATION

@DrLancaster

References For My Main Publications on Student Plagiarism

Lancaster, T. and Clarke, R. (2015). The Implications of Plagiarism and Contract Cheating for the Assessment of Database Modules. 13th International Workshop on Teaching, Learning and Assessment

of Databases (TLAD 2015), Birmingham, UK, July 2015.

Lancaster, T. (2013), The Use Of Text Matching Tools For The Prevention And Detection Of Student Plagiarism; in Plagiarism Phenomenon In Europe: Research Contributes To Prevention, Dias, P. and

Bastos, A. (editors): Braga : Aletheia - Associação Científica e Cultural da Faculdade de Filosofia da Universidade Católica Portuguesa.

Lancaster, T. and Clarke, R. (2009). Automated Essay Spinning – An Initial Investigation; 10th Annual Higher Education Academy Conference in Information and Computer Sciences, University of Kent,

August 2009.

Clarke, R. and Lancaster, T. (2006). Eliminating the Successor to Plagiarism? Identifying the Usage Of Contract Cheating Sites. 2nd Plagiarism: Prevention, Practice and Policy Conference 2006 -

organised by JISC Plagiarism Advisory Service, Newcastle, UK, June 2006.

Lancaster, T. and Culwin, F. (2005), Classifications of Plagiarism Detection Engines. In ITALICS 4(2). http://www.ics.heacademy.ac.uk/italics/Vol4-2/Plagiarism%20-%20revised%20paper.htm.

Lancaster, T. and Tetlow, M. (2005), Does Automated Anti-Plagiarism Have to be Complex? Evaluating More Appropriate Software Metrics for Finding Collusion, 22nd ASCILITE Conference (pp. 520-

529). Brisbane, Australia, December 2005.

Lancaster, T. and Culwin, F. (2004). Using Freely Available Tools to Produce a Partially Automated Plagiarism Detection Process. 21st ASCILITE Conference, Perth, Australia, December 2004.

Lancaster T. and Culwin F. (2004), A Comparison of Source Code Plagiarism Detection Engines. Journal of Computer Science Education 14.2.

Lancaster T. and Culwin F. (2004), A Visual Argument for Plagiarism Detection using Word Pairs; 1st Plagiarism: Prevention, Practice and Policy Conference - organised by JISC Plagiarism Advisory

Service, Newcastle, UK, June 2004.

Culwin F. and Lancaster T. (2001), Visualising Intra-Corpal Plagiarism. Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Information Visualisation, London, UK, August 2001.

Culwin F. and Lancaster T. (2001), Plagiarism Issues for Higher Education. Vine 31(2), pp. 36-41.

Culwin F. and Lancaster T. (2001), Plagiarism Prevention, Deterrence and Detection. Higher Education Academy.

Culwin F., MacLeod A. and Lancaster T. (2001), Source Code Plagiarism in UK HE Computing Schools, 2nd Annual Conference of the LTSN Centre for Information and Computer Sciences, University Of

North London, August 2001.

Lancaster T. and Culwin F. (2001), Towards an Error Free Plagiarism Detection Process. Proceedings Of The 6th Annual Conference On Innovation And Technology In Computer Science Education,

Canterbury, UK, August 2001.

Culwin F. and Lancaster T. (2000), A Review of Electronic Services for Plagiarism Detection in Student Submissions. 1st Annual Conference of the LTSN Centre for Information and Computer Sciences,

Heriot-Watt University, August 2000.

Plus my PhD thesis – and a whole load of publications on contract cheating

@DrLancaster

Available to support contract cheating activities, deliver staff training, present research seminars and generally promote academic integrity

Email:

thomas.lancaster@coventry.ac.uk

Website:

http://thomaslancaster.co.uk

Blog:

http://thomaslancaster.co.uk/blog

LinkedIn:

https://uk.linkedin.com/in/thomaslancaster

Twitter:

@DrLancaster

General Resources:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract_cheating

http://contractcheating.com

Contract Cheating Special Interest Group

(originally supported by the Higher Education

Academy):

https://www.jiscmail.ac.uk/cgi-

bin/webadmin?A0=CONTRACTCHEATING

Contact Dr. Thomas Lancaster