exploring patterns of darkling beetle distributions in the genus eleodes
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Exploring patterns of darkling beetle distributions in the genus Eleodes
(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
M. Andrew [email protected] Gilbert
[email protected]@MAndrewJohnstonhttp://slideshare.net/MAndrewJ/patterns-of-distribution
![Page 2: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
As a grad student studying systematics, are biodiversity data/informatics useful for
me?
![Page 3: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
As a grad student studying systematics, are biodiversity data/informatics useful for
me?
Well – what data are available for my taxon of
study?
![Page 4: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Eleodes Eschscholtz(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
• ~200 valid species• ~450 available
names• Western North
American distribution
• Often considered difficult to identify 5 sympatric species in
SE Arizona, to scale
E. madrensis Johnston
E. anthracinus Blaisdell
E. subnitens LeConte
E. nitidus Casey
E. longicollis LeConte
![Page 5: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Eleodes Eschscholtz(Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)
• Larvae live in the soil
• Adults are wingless• Omnivorous
scavengers• No known specific
associations with plants
E. carbonarius (Say)
E. caudiferus LeConte
![Page 6: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
36,317 Preserved Specimens
22,458 Preserved Specimens
Searching all fields for “Eleodes”
![Page 7: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
36,317 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in at least ‘Genus’ or ‘ScientificName’ fields
589 Scientific Names
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 8: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
36,317 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in at least ‘Genus’ or ‘ScientificName’ fields
589 Scientific Names
54 Families
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 9: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
36,317 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in at least ‘Genus’ or ‘ScientificName’ fields
589 Scientific Names
54 Families
4 Kingdoms
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 10: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
36,317 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in at least ‘Genus’ or ‘ScientificName’ fields
Should we trust the ‘Genus’ and ‘Species’
fields?Or the ‘ScientificName’
field?
54 Families
4 Kingdoms
589 Scientific Names
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 11: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
36,317 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in at least ‘Genus’ or ‘ScientificName’ fields
There are no ‘identifiedBy’ data with any of these
records…
54 Families
4 Kingdoms
589 Scientific Names
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 12: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Share a composite backbone taxonomy,
confusing Eleodes with:
Aleiodes (Hymenoptera)Elodes (Coleoptera)Leiodes (Coleoptera)Galeodes (Solifugae)
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 13: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Conflicting, un-sourced taxonomic information make
these data untrustworthy.
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 14: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 15: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
678 Scientific Names
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 16: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Eleodes Occurrence Data44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
678 Scientific Names
1 Family (Tenebrionidae)
![Page 17: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
678 Scientific Names
1 Genus (Eleodes)
1 Family (Tenebrionidae)
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 18: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
678 Scientific Names
1 Genus (Eleodes)
1 Family (Tenebrionidae)We can be
reasonably confident someone determined these specimens to the genus Eleodes
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 19: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
44,082 Preserved Specimens
All had “Eleodes” present in ‘ScientificName’ field
678 Scientific Names
1 Genus (Eleodes)
1 Family (Tenebrionidae)23,821
“identifiedBy” attributed to a
person
Exploring Eleodes occurrence data
![Page 20: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
What can these data tell us about distributions of
species?
![Page 21: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
CORRELATION*
Analyzes digitized herbarium data from SEINet
*Landrum, L.R. and D. Lafferty. 2015. Taxon 64(5) 998-1016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/645.9
![Page 22: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
CORRELATION*
*Landrum, L.R. and D. Lafferty. 2015. Taxon 64(5) 998-1016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/645.9
Computes how frequently each species is found near each other given species
![Page 23: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
CORRELATION*
*Landrum, L.R. and D. Lafferty. 2015. Taxon 64(5) 998-1016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12705/645.9
Clusters species into co-occurring groups
![Page 24: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
CORRELATION
*Brown, D.E. (ed.) 1994. Biotic communities: Southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press.
Arizona Flora Test Case:• Examined 81 ‘high
profile’ species• Recovered groupings
highly congruent with published biotic communities*
![Page 25: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
CORRELATIONAnalyze input set of lat/long coordinates:• Correlate an animal
species with SEINet plants
• Place that animal in a plant-driven biotic community
![Page 26: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Using CORRELATION, we can ask questions about ecological communities
And answer them based on specimen occurrence data
![Page 27: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Where can we find a certain species?
“You can find it in oak-juniper
forests in southern Arizona”
Eleodes madrensis Johnston, 2015
![Page 28: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Where can we find a certain species?Eleodes madrensis Johnston, 2015
5 highest correlated plant
species
“You can find it in oak-juniper forests in
southern Arizona”
![Page 29: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Differentiate habitats of similar speciesEleodes arcuatus Casey, 1884Eleodes debilis Horn, 1870
![Page 30: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Differentiate habitats of similar speciesEleodes arcuatus Casey, 1884Eleodes debilis Horn, 1870
![Page 31: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Differentiate habitats of similar speciesEleodes arcuatus Casey, 1884Eleodes debilis Horn, 1870
Only share a single species of top 10
![Page 32: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Differentiate habitats of similar speciesEleodes arcuatus Casey, 1884
Eleodes arcuatus is correlated with oak-
juniper mid-elevation transition forest
![Page 33: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Differentiate habitats of similar speciesEleodes debilis Horn, 1870
Eleodes debilis is correlated with
riparian broadleaf plants from a
similar elevation
![Page 34: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
CORRELATION transforms our approach to understanding distribution
Ecological Community
“Authoritative observation” Repeatable, specimen-based correlation
![Page 35: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Ecological Community
“Authoritative observation” Repeatable, specimen-based correlation
Spatial DistributionGeographic polygons Specimen-driven, co-occurring
species communities
CORRELATION transforms our approach to understanding distribution
![Page 36: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Can we infer ancestor-descendant plant-community shifts?
![Page 37: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
• 21 Eleodes species from Arizona were selected– Records with high geographic uncertainty or
missing locality data were removed
– Records were sorted to taxa by ‘ScientificName’ based on nomenclatural synonymies
![Page 38: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
• 21 Eleodes species from Arizona were selected
• Associated beetles with plant communities using CORRELATION
– Beetle species associated with 6 different plant communities
– 18 species were correlated to a single plant community, 3 were equally correlated to 2 communities
![Page 39: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
• 21 Eleodes species from Arizona were selected• Associated beetles with plant communities
using CORRELATION• ‘Biogeographic’ reconstruction in
BioGeoBEARS
– Inferred historical plant-community lineage associations
– Assumed current plant communities existed throughout Eleodes evolutionary history
![Page 40: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
Colors represent six
different biotic communities
Phylogeny based on a 7-gene unpublished dataset, Smith et al. in
prep
![Page 41: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
Two independent
radiations into the Sonoran
Desert community
Phylogeny based on a 7-gene unpublished dataset, Smith et al. in
prep
![Page 42: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
‘Melaneleodes Clade’ ancestors associated with
Pine-Juniper community of the Colorado
Plateau
Phylogeny based on a 7-gene unpublished dataset, Smith et al. in
prep
![Page 43: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Historical plant-community inference
Ancestral lineage associated with higher elevation oak-juniper and ponderosa pine
communities
Phylogeny based on a 7-gene unpublished dataset, Smith et al. in
prep
![Page 44: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
• Novel analysis for inferring historical habitat transitions
• Entirely based on vouchered specimen data
• Analyses are reproducible and easily re-done when new data are made available
Historical plant-community inference
![Page 45: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
• Expand range to all North American Eleodes species and plant communities
• Incorporate fossil data to constrain historically available plant communities
Future directions
![Page 46: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
• Expand range to all of North American species and biotic communities
• Incorporate fossil data to constrain historically available plant communities
Future directions
See more community-created tools to analyze
specimen data
![Page 47: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
As a grad student studying systematics, are biodiversity data/informatics useful for
me?
![Page 48: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
YES! (mostly)• There are large amounts of data
available• Current state of higher-level
aggregation may be problematic for narrowly-focused projects
• We can learn more about the biology and evolution of our groups
![Page 49: Exploring Patterns of Darkling Beetle Distributions in the Genus Eleodes](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042520/58738b641a28ab272d8b6adb/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Special thanks to:ASU Herbarium:Les LandrumDarryl LaffertyLiz MakingsWalt Fertig
Lab members:Nico FranzGuanyang ZhangSangmi LeeSal AnzaldoAndrew JansenBrian Riley
Data Entry:Chris HennyAndrew GalvanColin McMartinDylan Cooper
Collaborators:Aaron SmithKojun Kanda
Funding:
NSF ARTS DEB-1258154
2016 Evolutionary Biology Summer Research Fellowship
Data, Analyses, Scripts: http://github.com/mandrewj/