explorer: columbus (1492) known for: disovering west indies/hispanola why in texas? he wasn’t! he...
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Explorer: Columbus (1492)Known for: Disovering West Indies/Hispanola
Why in Texas? He wasn’t! He was trying to reach India/China.
Impact of Expedition:
•Failure – he didn’t discover a faster route to India
•Success – he opened up the “New World” to Europe
Impact on Texas: Started Spanish exploration in North America (Texas)
Columbus sailed the Atlantic Ocean blue in 1492; he was Italian, sailing for Spain.
He sailed west to get to the east.
He didn’t find riches, but did find raw materials (products and goods) to send back to Europe; and brought goods from Europe to the natives – the Columbian Exchange.
• All 4 of his trips gave Spain claim to land in the Western Hemisphere.
• Result? The Spanish established an empire called New Spain.
• New Spain using conquistadores and friars to conquer natives.
Conquistadores (Spanish soldiers), sought riches and power for themselves, and wealth and glory for Spain.
Reasons for Exploration: 3 G’s (1) Gold – riches in New World; Spanish wanted to increase
global wealth (2) Glory – men could become wealthy and famous; expand nation’s power (3) God – Catholic Church to convert natives and increase wealth of church
Hundreds of Conquistadores were able to conquer thousands of natives. How?
1. Superior weapons: Guns Cannons Metal Swords
2. The Spanish had horses.3. Some natives believed the Spaniards were gods.4. Disease: The natives had a weaker immune system. Measles, mumps, flu, or just a regular cold could make the natives very ill. Result? Thousands died and their empires rapidly declined and grew smaller.
Explorer: Pineda (1519)
Known for:
1st European to explore and map
the Texas coast
Why in Texas?
Was exploring the coast from Florida to Mexico
Impact of Expedition:
Success: Reported his findings in Texas to the governor
of Jamaica and returned to Mexico to begin a settlement
Impact on Texas:
More explorers began coming to Texas
Explorer: Cortes (1521)
Known for
Mexico/Aztecs
Why in Texas?
He wasn’t! BUT his purpose for exploring was
to get GOLD, GLORY and GOD for Spain
Impact of Expedition:
Success - conquered the Aztecs and became the first “governor” of New Spain (Mexico); renamed Aztec capital to “Mexico City”
Impact on Texas:
Inspired others to explore more territory in North America
Known for: SHIPWRECK; Writings about Texas
Why in Texas? It was an accident… shipwrecked near Galveston; captured by Karankawas
Impact of Failure – no GOLD, no GLORY… but he did… Expedition meet the Karwankawas, Texas’ 1st explorer, 1st surgeon, 1st author with book Relacion
Impact on Texas Told tales of cities of gold – led to more exploration
Explorer: Cabeza de Vaca (1528-1536)
Cabeza de Vaca – survived shipwreck in Galveston and became the first European to enter Texas; he lived with the Karankawas for 6 years from 1528-1534; later journeyed west toward Mexico and recorded stories of his travels seeing buffalo and fertile land; and possible gold and riches.
Estevanico – survivor with de Vaca; first black man to enter Texas; studied geography of Texas and later became a guide for Spanish explorers
Known for Exploring the Panhandle
Why in Texas? Looking for the 7 cities of gold (Quiviera & Cibola)
Impact of Failure – No gold, no settlements ; Expedition crossed the “Sea of Grass” (TX Panhandle)
Impact on Texas Told about buffalo, villages, and available land in the Panhandle
Explorer: Coronado (1540-1542)
Known for :
Exploring East Texas
Why in Texas?
Hernan de Soto was looking for GOLD, when he died, Moscoso took over
and took the expedition to East TX
Impact of Expedition:
Failure. They found no gold. However,
they did find “black gold”.
Impact on Texas:
1st European in East Texas
Explorer: Moscoso (1542-1543)
Hernan de Soto
Known for :
Exploring Rio Grande Valley and New Mexico
Why in Texas?
To explore and create settlements in “El Paso del Norte” (Rio Grande passage between 2 mountain ranges)
Impact of Expedition:
Success. Claimed the entire Rio Grande Valley for Spain and found settlements all throughout present day New Mexico
Impact on Texas:
Inspired many expeditions in West Texas
Explorer: Onate (1598)