exploratory intervention for preventing gender based ... based violence (gbv)...
TRANSCRIPT
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Exploratory Intervention for Preventing Gender Based Violence
In Jharkhand, India
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BACKGROUND • 31.4% married women in India have experienced violence by their husband • In National Family Health Survey III (2005-6), among rural women in Jharkhand - – 38% had ever faced physical violence by their husbands – 15% had suffered sexual violence – 20% had experienced emotional violence – 41% of those who faced physical or sexual violence had injuries, and 43% of
them sought help
• Violence disproportionately affected vulnerable women - the poorest, from tribal communities, and those with no or little education
• Prevalence data from the survey done locally – – 24% were married ≤ 18 years; of them 24.2% were already mothers
• Adolescent pregnancies, Witch-hunting and Child trafficking were forms of violence affecting women and girls in Jharkhand
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URBAN
NGO
PROGRAM COMPONENTS
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RURAL
Facilitation of 42 Women’s Groups
Baseline data collection, FGDs
with mixed groups
Training of 23 ASHAs in 22
villages of Bandhgaon &
Chakradharpur block
PROGRAM COMPONENTS
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National Health Mission (NHM) & Accredited Social Health Activist(ASHA) • NHM - flagship program by the GoI to address the health needs of
under-served rural & urban populations
• ASHA > 9.15 lakh ASHAs across the country are the interface between the facility and the community for providing health care
• ASHAs are mandated to: – Primarily care for pregnant and lactating mothers – Create linkage with functional health facility for referral services – Identify transport for referral of cases from village to facility – Encourage women to access ANC and deliver in institutions -
conditional cash transfers
– Provide essential health supplies, drugs (e.g. ORS, contraceptives, anti malarial)
– Provide home-based newborn care (6 visits: days 1, 2-3, 5-7, 14-17, 23-28, 42)
• One ASHA Facilitator per 15 - 20 ASHAs
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RURAL INTERVENTION STRUCTURE
Training with ASHA and ASHA
facilitator Formation of Advisory committee at the district level
Facilitation of PLA with women’s groups
Methods like games, role plays and stories used to identify problems and
solutions
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REACHING OUT TO THE COMMUNITY THROUGH PLA GROUPS
Total meetings held 600
Total adolescent girls 2878 Total women aged 20-50 10185 Total women aged >50 307 Total men 1292 Frontline Service Providers (AWW & ANM)
170
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LIST OF PRIORITIZED PROBLEMS
1 2 3 Total
Domestic violence 12 5 7 24
Discrimination in workload
6 6 9 21
Early Marriage/ Adolescent Pregnancy
9 7 4 20
Harassment at work place and street
2 2 9 13
Depression 2 4 5 11
Discrimination in food distribution /education
1 7 3 11
Trafficking 4 3 1 8
Witchcraft & Abandonment 1 2 1 4
Dowry 1 2 1 4
Polygamy 2 2 4
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LIST OF PRIORITIZED PROBLEMS
1 2 3 Total
Domestic violence 12 5 7 24
Discrimination in workload
6 6 9 21
Early Marriage/ Adolescent Pregnancy
9 7 4 20
Harassment at work place and street
2 2 9 13
Depression 2 4 5 11
Discrimination in food distribution /education
1 7 3 11
Trafficking 4 3 1 8
Witchcraft & Abandonment 1 2 1 4
Dowry 1 2 1 4
Polygamy 2 2 4
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LIST OF STRATEGIES No of Groups
Counselling to families of survivors and encouraging them to report violence 40 Engaging with service providers, villager leaders for preventing early marriages in community gatherings like group meetings, gram sabha, VHNDs
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Ensuring participation of adolescents in discussions on prevention and consequences of early marriage/adolescent pregnancy/ and on contraception in all community platforms
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Participation in PLA meetings to discuss on the causes, consequences and prevention of different forms of violence
19
Initiatives like raising awareness, alerting the group to discuss issues of street and work place harassment
13
Seek help from police in case of street harassment and witch hunting 7
Holding events to discuss news (news paper cuttings, radio, TV news and social media) on human trafficking and to gather background information before sending for jobs and other engagements
7
“Strategies should be feasible for implementing in the community” – PLA group members
PRIORITIZED STRATEGIES FOR IMPLEMENTATION
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Situ was a class 9 student and 16 years
old
A proposal for marriage came for her with no
demand for dowry
Situ continued her schooling and secured
first division and admitted in class 10
Situ’s mother was a regular attendee of PLA
meetings
Her parents were daily
wage labourers
Situ was not interested, but her parents agreed and
finalized the marriage
Situ’s mother discussed with her husband and
they realized the consequences of
adolescent marriage and proposal was cancelled
immediately.
ASHA and group members were discussing about the pithhu game (seven stones) relating to consequences of
early marriage & pregnancy.
Situ’s mother was happy to share this at
the next PLA meeting.
Situ’s mother shared about the proposal in the
meeting. Other members discussed and dissuaded
her. One participant said they would inform the Mahila Thana because Situ was
under-age.
Problem identified
Discussion initiated Action taken
Change Visible