Name: ________________________________

The Exploration and Conquests of the New World Document Based Assessment (DBQ)

PART 1: The Constructed Response Questions

Scaffolding Questions/CRQs

DIRECTIONS: This task is based on the accompanying documents. The task is designed to test your ability to work with historical documents. As you analyze the documents, take into account both

the source of the document and the author's point of view. For part A, look at each document and answer the questions after each document. For part B, use your answers to the questions to help write a well-organized essay.

Historical Context: In the early 1500s, European explorers came to the Americas in search of a water route to Asia and to find new resources. This encounter between the cultures of Europe and the Americas led to an exchange of ideas, technology and resources, which had a significant impact on the cultures of Latin America. The first Europeans to explore the New World were looking for a water route to Asia in order to get spices, silks, gold, porcelain, and other riches. Though few explorers found a water-route to Asia, their voyages led to the discovery of "new land" in the Western Hemisphere. Once the New World was discovered, more and more explorers continued to venture out to this New World. Exploration brought many new things to the New World and from the New World to Europe, but the Columbian Exchange was not always positive. European exploration also changed the Native Americans way s of life, in ways that were not always for the best.

Task: Using the information from the documents and your knowledge of Social Studies answer the questions that follow each document in Part A. Choose which topic to answer for part B of the DBQ. Part B = Essay: 1. Give and explain AT LEAST 3 reasons why European explorers came to explore the land in the Western Hemisphere (the New World). 2. Discuss two effects that European Exploration had on Native American groups living in Latin America. 3. Explain how the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors impacted the Native Americans of Central and South America

Part A: Short AnswerDirections: Analyze the documents and answer the questions that follow each document in the space provided. Your answers to the questions will help you write the essay.

Document 1

1. What was the population of Native Americans in Latin America when the Spanish arrived around the year 1519? (1) ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What happened to the population of Native Americans in Latin America over the next century as the Spanish conquered Latin America? (1) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3. About how many Native Americans were left around the year 1610? (1)

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Document 2

1. After studying these two maps, state one way smallpox was introduced to the Americas? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. According to the maps, what region in the Americas was primarily impacted by small pox? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Document 3

New World Diseases . . . The first was a plague of smallpox, and it began in this manner. When Hernando Cortés was captain and governor, at the time that Captain Pánfilo de Narváez landed in this country, there was in one of his ships a negro stricken with smallpox, a disease which had never been seen here. At this time New Spain was extremely full of people, and when the smallpox began to attack the Indians it became so great a pestilence [disease] among them throughout the land that in most provinces more than half the population died; in others the proportion was little less. For as the Indians did not know the remedy for the disease and were very much in the habit of bathing frequently, whether well or ill, and continued to do so even when suffering from smallpox, they died in heaps, like bedbugs. Many others died of starvation, because, as they were all taken sick at once, they could not care for each other, nor was there anyone to give them bread or anything else. In many places it happened that everyone in a house died, and, as it was impossible to bury the great number of dead, they pulled down the houses over them in order to check the stench that rose from the dead bodies so that their homes became their tombs. This disease was called by the Indians ‘the great leprosy’ because the victims were so covered with pustules [pimples] that they looked like lepers. Even today one can see obvious evidences of it in some individuals Elizabeth A. Foster, ed., Motolinía’s History of the Indians of New Spain, Greenwood Press, 1977

1. According to this document, how did smallpox arrive in Latin America? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. According to this document, what was a result of the smallpox epidemic in Latin America? ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Document 4

Native American Slaves Working in Spanish Mines

16th century drawing of Spanish run “encomienda” – slave camps for gold mining and sugar cane farming in Central America. Spanish conquerors and guards are pictured on the left side of the illustration.

1. According to the document, what was the purpose of the encomienda system in Central America? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. What impact did the encomienda system have on the Native Americans living in Latin America? ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________

DOCUMENT 5

1. Why did De Soto, Coronado, and Cabrillo decide to explore the New World? (2)

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2. What was Ponce de Leon's reason for exploring? (2)

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3. What do you think De Soto, Cornado, and Cabrillo were looking for in the cities of Cibola? (3)

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DOCUMENT 6

Nicolas Le Challeux sailed from France with Captain Ribaut in 1565 and wrote about his adventures:

“The news of this voyage quickly spread…and many men were persuaded to serve under the command of this captain the King’s authority. They were moved by many reasons:…The rumor

spread here that Florida promised an abundance (a great deal) of all that man might desire in the world…there was neither frost nor snow there, nor any northern cold, and it escaped the burning

heat of the South. Without labor (hard work) or tillage (farming), the ground brought forth enough crops to feed all of the natives as well as those who had come to live there…

This country is also rich in gold and in all sorts of animals, both tame and wild…There are high hill, pleasant streams and rivers, and many kinds of trees fill the air with sweet scents”

1. Who is the author of this diary? What does he do? What is his job for France?

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2. For what reasons did he, and others, come to the New World?

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DOCUMENT 7

Between 1576 and 1620 much gold and silver was exported to (sent to) Spain from the New World.

1. What was the smallest amount of silver and gold exported during that time? In what years was this amount exported?

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2. What was the largest amount of silver and gold exported during that time? In what years was this amount exported?

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3. What does the amount exported tell you about the reasons explorers continued to come to the New World? ___________________________________________________________________________________

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DOCUMENT 8

1. Who were the Conquistadors?

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2. How did the Conquistadors view the Native Americans?

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3. How did the arrival of the Conquistadors impact the Native Americans?

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DOCUMENT 9The historical drawing below shows a religious ceremony beginning outside of a Spanish mission in present-day Texas. Both other Europeans and Native Americans have stopped what they were

doing to participate in the ceremony.

1. Who else came to the New World with the Conquistadors? Why did they come?

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2. What religion was practiced at Missions? Who lived in the Missions?

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DOCUMENT 10

The excerpt below is from a letter written by Father Kino, a Catholic Priest, to a friend back in Spain. The letter was written in 1687.

“In this large and very fertile vineyard of the Indian tribes that they call the Pimas, I have been able, with God’s help, to wash about three hundred Indians in the holy water of baptism…God willing, hundreds, and later, thousands will be gathered into the heart of our sweet, most holy, Mother

Church…In this area where I am working, a mission has been established [set up], and…We are now in the process of building a new church…”

-Father Kino, Catholic Priest, 1687

Taken from the American Journey, McGraw Hill, 1998

1. Who is the author of this letter? What does he do?

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2. Why did the Spanish explorers and the priests who came with the Conquistadors think that it was their job to convert the Native Americans to Christianity?

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Part B Essay Directions: Write a well-organized essay that includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. Use evidence from the documents to support your response. Include specific related outside information. You may choose to write your essay on one of three topics listed below.

Historical Context: The first Europeans to explore the New World were looking for a water route to Asia in order to get spices, silks, gold, porcelain, and other riches. Though few explorers found a water-route to Asia, their voyages led to the discovery of "new land" in the Western Hemisphere. Once the New World was discovered, more and more explorers continued to venture out to this New World. Exploration brought many new things to the New World and from the New World to Europe, but the Columbian Exchange was not always positive. European exploration also changed the Native Americans way s of life, in ways that were not always for the best.

Task: Using the information from the documents and your knowledge of Social Studies answer the questions that follow each document in Part A. Choose which topic to answer for part B of the DBQ Part B = Essay: 1. Give and explain AT LEAST 3 reasons why European explorers came to explore the land in the Western Hemisphere (the New World). 2. Discuss two effects that European Exploration had on Native American groups living in Latin America. 3. Explain how the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors impacted the Native Americans of Central and South America