experimental testing of drift- sensitive nonstructural systems – year 4 the pathways project san...
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Experimental Testing of Drift-Sensitive Nonstructural Systems – Year 4
The Pathways ProjectSan Jose State
UniversityEquip Site:
nees@berkeley
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Project Management Team Kurt McMullin – Structural Engineering
San Jose State University Bozidar Stojadinovic – Structural Engineering
U.C. Berkeley Winncy Du – Mechanical Engineering
San Jose State University Thuy Le – Electrical Engineering
San Jose State University Kathi Rai – Building Engineering
SensiBuild
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Drift Sensitive Systems of Buildings Exterior façade.
Precast concrete cladding. Glass punch-out windows.
Vertical plumbing riser. Inflow riser. Outflow riser.
Defined in FEMA-356 as nonstructural elements controlled by drift rather than acceleration.
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Project Overview Static testing of one-story prototype
of cladding, punch-out windows and plumbing.
Sensor testing of plumbing leakage. Deconstruction of materials. Data-mining and pre-processing for
structural analysis.
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Timeline Project runs from Oct 2006 to
Sept 2011. Main testing scheduled for
Fall/Winter 2010. Current phase:
Construction of specimen Finalize instrumentation design Fabrication of testing jig
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Column Covers Spanning
vertically between spandrels are the column covers.
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Column Covers
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Punch Out Windows Completing the
exterior enclosure are the windows, installed in the opening between panels.
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Test Specimen One-story, One-bay articulated frame
allows for no resistance from gravity/lateral load carrying system.
Specimen Design Ground Floor – Tall panels that cover first
floor of building Typical Floor – Short panels that cover all
floors above first floor.
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Test Specimen Specimen Features
Engineering – panels and connections – to obtain strength and deformation data
Architecture – panels, connections, windows, grouting – to obtain aesthetic damage data and system interaction data.
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Test Specimen Loading Protocols
Proto1 – Cyclic loading with increasing amplitude of drift – 10% max.
Proto2 – Displacement time history from 9-story LA SAC frame.
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Test Matrix – Ground Floor Test 1
Cyclic Loading – Engineering Specimen Test 2
Time History Loading – Engineering Specimen
Test 3 Cyclic Loading – Architecture Specimen
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Test Matrix – Typical Floor Test 4
Cyclic Loading – Engineering Specimen Test 5
Time History Loading – Engineering Specimen
Test 6 Cyclic Loading – Architecture Specimen
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Panel Construction Panel
formwork. Flat panel and
return panel.
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Panel Construction Panel
formwork. Flat panel and
return panel.
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Panel Pin Connection Pin
connection at base of flat panel.
Typical panel reinforcement – single layer.
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Panel Pin Connection Pin
connection at base of flat panel.
Typical panel reinforcement – single layer.
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Casting Concrete
Casting of flat panels in early September 2010.
5000 psi concrete.
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Casting Concrete
Casting of flat panels in early September 2010.
5000 psi concrete.
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Finished Panels
Finished panels at fabrication yard.
Casting done by Willis Precast in San Juan Bautista, CA.
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Finished Panels
Finished panels at fabrication yard.
Casting done by Willis Precast in San Juan Bautista, CA.
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Full-Width Flat Panel
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Half-Width Flat Panel
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Return Panel
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Slotted Connections
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Pin Connections
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Loading Beam
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Actuator on each side of loading beam
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Reaction Wall
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Out-of-Plane Bracing
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Seismic Resistance Seismic joint at
return panels. Approximate
width of 2 inches.
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Expected Progression of Damage
Closing of slip connection.
Spandrel above moves with upper level slab.
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Expected Progression of Damage
Closing of seismic gap.
Return panels tilt with out-of-plane frame.
Pounding between adjoining column covers.
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EQ DIR
PIN CONNECTION FRACTURE
Expected Progression of Damage
Fracture of pin connection.
Overturning of column cover results in fracture of pin at base.
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GLASS FRACTURE
EQ DIR
Expected Progression of Damage
Crushing of window glass.
Tipping of column covers results in racking of glass panels.
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Expected Progression of Damage
EQ DIR
PANEL INSTABILITY
Failure of push-pull connections and instability of out-of-plane panel.
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Developing Fragility Curves Defining types of damage: i.e.,
window cracking, panel connection fracture.
Record drift when damage is first seen for each item of each test.
Plot probability that an event was seen by a certain level of drift.
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PROPOSED FORMAT FOR FRAGILITY CURVE DATA
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06
DRIFT, radians
PR
OB
AB
ILIT
Y O
F D
AM
AG
E
DAMAGE TYPE 1
DAMAGE TYPE 2
DAMAGE TYPE 3
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Limitations of Fragility Data Limited sample size of test specimens. Some events will not occur to each
component before maximum drift of test is applied.
Mixture of tall panels & short panels, flat panels & return panels, large windows & small windows.
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Plans for Year 5 Testing and data processing for
main specimens. Deconstruction and adaptive reuse
of panels. Verification of sensor technology. Dissemination of findings. Data transfer to repository.
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For More Information We are constantly looking for
collaboration on all aspects of the project. Project Sponsored by National Science
Foundation – Grant No. 619517. Project website at:
http://www.engr.sjsu.edu/~pathway/ Email me at: