experimental research independent variable dependent variable causation
Post on 19-Dec-2015
213 views
TRANSCRIPT
Experimental Research
Independent variable
• Dependent variable
• Causation
CHAPTER 7
Experimental Research
Establishing causation
• Universal laws
• Statistical laws
Requirements for causal relationship
• IV must precede the DV
• IV and DV must covary
• Changes in DV must be result of changes in the IV
• Control – a researcher attempts to exclude other possible causes of the effect he/she is studying
Exposing participants to the IV
• Conditions
• Treatment
• Attribute variables
• Selection
• equivalence
• Random assignment
increases the internal validity of a study while random sampling increases external validity of a study
Controlling for the effects of extraneous influences
• Threshold effects
• Experimenter effects
• Other effects
Experimental Research Designs
• Full experiment
• Quasi-experiment
• Preexepriment
Factorial design
• Studies with more that 1 IV are summarized with a design statement
• Example a 2 x2 design
• Between-group design
Within-group design
• Lab versus field experiments