experimental and quasi experimental research

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Experimental and Quasi-experimental Research Created by : Diah Nesti Kristanti (09321066) Nova Isnawati (09321197) Vivin Quaratul ‘Aini

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Page 1: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Experimental and Quasi-experimental Research

Created by :Diah Nesti Kristanti (09321066)Nova Isnawati (09321197)Vivin Quaratul ‘Aini (09321311)

Page 2: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Definition

1. Experimental research methods can be interpreted as a method of research used to search for a specific treatment effect on others in uncontrolled conditions.

2. Quasi-experimental design involves selecting groups, upon which a variable is tested, without any random pre-selection processes. This design has a control group, but it can not be fully functional to control the external variables that affect the implementation of the experiment.

Page 3: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Example of Experimental Research

In the field of physics, these studies can use experimental design, because these variables can affect the process of experimentation that can be strictly controlled.For example : the influence of sea water on the corrosion of certain metals. It can also be done through research with experimental design, because it can be carefully controlled conditions.

Page 4: Experimental and quasi experimental research

In experimental research, we traditionally look at two distinct types of hypotheses. They are the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis.

• Null hypothesis (H0): adding moving pictures will not improve pupils’ retention of the content.

• Alternative hypothesis (H1): adding moving pictures will improve pupils’ retention of the content.

Page 5: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Example of Quasi-Experimental Quasi-Experimental in Time Series Design

Good pretest result is O1 = O2 = O3 = O4 and good treatment outcome is O5 = O6 = O7 = O8.

*O = Object

A B C

O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 O7 O8

Page 6: Experimental and quasi experimental research

The best results are shown in chart A. Pretest results showing the stable and consistent state of the group (O1 = O2 = O3 = O4) after being given treatment, the situation improved consistently (O5 = O6 = O7 = O8).Graph B shows has treatment effect in the experimental group, but after it returned to its original position. So the treatment effect only as an example: at the time of the seminar, the knowledge and skills increase, but after returning to class abilities back to normal. Graph C shows the outside influences contribute more than the treatment effect, so the graph is rising steadily. Graph D shows the unstable state of the group.

Page 7: Experimental and quasi experimental research

advantages of experimental research

• The main advantage of experimental research is the control over external factors mentioned several times in the previous section.

• Especially in social sciences, where pre-selection and randomization of groups is often difficult, they can be very useful in generating results for general trends.

Page 8: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Advantages of Quasi-experimental designs

• Quasi-experimental design is often integrated with individual case studies; the figures and results generated often reinforce the findings in a case study, and allow some sort of statistical analysis to take place.

• In addition, without extensive pre-screening and randomization needing to be undertaken, they do reduce the time and resources needed for experimentation.

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Disadvantages of experimental research

• Without proper randomization, statistical tests can be meaningless. For example, these experimental designs do not take into account any pre-existing factors (as for the mothers: what made them drink or not drink alcohol), or recognize that influences outside the experiment may have affected the results.

Page 10: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Disadvantages of quasi-experiment

• Disadvantages aside, as long as the shortcomings of the quasi-experimental design are recognized, these studies can be a very powerful tool, especially in situations where ‘true’ experiments are not possible.

• A quasi experiment constructed to analyze the effects of different educational programs on two groups of children. For example, might generate results that show that one program is more effective than the other.

Page 11: Experimental and quasi experimental research

SUMMARY

• Experimental research methods can be interpreted as a method of research used to search for a specific treatment effect on others in uncontrolled conditions. In the field of physics, these studies can use experimental design, because these variables can affect the process of experimentation that can be strictly controlled

Page 12: Experimental and quasi experimental research

Thank You