EXPECTANCY THEORY

Flow of Presentation

What is motivation Motivation theoriesProcess theories relating to motivationWhat is expectancy theory v room’s expectancy theoryCritique of expectancy theoryPorter and lawler modelConclusion

What is the motivation

“Motivation is the act of stimulating someone to get a desired course of action.”

Michael Jucius

A motive is an inner state that energies, activates or moves and directs or channels behavior towards the goal.

bernald berelson

Motivation theories

content theoryProcess theoryContemporary theory

Process theories relating to motivation

Reinforcement theoryExpectancy theoryEquity theoryGoal setting theory

What is expectancy theory

expectancy theories are more complex than needs-based theories of motivation on several factor

This theory emphasizes the need for organizations to relate rewards directly to performance and to ensure that the rewards provided are those rewards deserved and wanted by the recipients.

it suggest motivation involves not just the individual but also opportunities, rewards, and incentives and the work environment

v room’s expectancy theory

Vroom’s Expectancy Theory was proposed by Victor. H. Vroom, who believed that people are motivated to perform activities to achieve some goal to the extent they expect that certain actions on their part would help them to achieve the goal

Critique of expectancy theoryMultiplicative or AdditiveLack of ValuesTiming IssuesThe Real Problemexpectancy theories are more complex than

needs-based theories

Porter and lawler model

Lyman W. Porter and Edward E. Lawler developed a more complete version of motivation depending upon expectancy theory

Conclusion

Victor vroom introduced the expectancy theory after his experiments based on the changes of individual’s behavior according to the rewards they receive in their jobs.

Then, porter and lowler developed the theory minimizing its limitations and they presented some criticisms on the theory.

Under their criticisms they focused negative effect of rewards.

As well as they pointed out the effectiveness of theory by managerial perspective.

Reference

http://academlib.com/2843/management/valance_expectancy

http://academlib.com/2843/management/valance_expectancy

http://www.analytictech.com/mb021/motivation.htmhttp://www.accel-team.com/motivation/