Expansion under the Prophet Mohammad, 612-632Expansion during the Rightly Guided Caliphate, 635-661Expansion during the Umayyad Caliphate, 661-750

Islam means literally, “Surrender.”

Only one god: The creator, sustainer, and restorer of the world

God’s will is shown through the Qur’an, or Koran

All must submit to God’s will

The man who the Qur’an was revealed to

The founder and spiritual leader of Islam

Born in Mecca, Arabia, around 570 CE

Believed to be the last of God’s prophets

An (the?) Islamic line of prophets: Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus

(8th-13th centuries)

The Islamic world was between Africa, Asia, and Europe, making it a popular trade destination

Goods, languages, and ideas all came to the Middle East

Advanced systems of• Crop rotation• Irrigation• Study of diverse crops

Citrus fruits came from ChinaMangos, rice, and sugar cane from India

Women were allowed to work in a wide variety of jobs

Muslims created the first:

• Public Hospital

• Public Library

• University

• Observatory

Globalization is combining economies from around the globe

Involved formerly isolated civilizations in huge business network

The following modern economic elements were already used during the Islamic Golden Age:• Free markets• Big businesses• Savings accounts• Checks• Credit• Contracts• Lawsuits

Soap bar Shampoo Hard alcohol Coffee (brought from Ethiopia) Windmill Pleasure gardens Filtration

Hindu-Arabic Numeral System

Decimal Point

Invented Algebra

Advanced math means more possibilities for• Engineering• Science• Economics

Water filtration

Anything that requires construction (Most of everything that you can see right now required engineering)

Buildings…

The scientific method was used to disprove old ideas and prove new ones

Alchemy – European “science” that tried to turn basic metals into gold. Also tried to cure diseases, and extend life.

Alchemy was first disproven by al-Kindi, then other Arabs

The Greek “classical elements,” (Earth, air, fire, etc.) were disproven by al-Razi.

Ibn al-Haytham proved that vision was caused by light rays entering the eye

Momentum and inertia discovered by Haytham and Avicenna

Another Arab discovered that objects in space followed the same physical laws as the Earth

Used science to treat injuries and cure illnesses instead of superstition

Discovered that microorganisms caused infectious disease

Separated ppl with diff. diseases

Proved that the Greek idea that the human body was made up of only four things was wrong

Hospital Medical School Autopsy Experimental surgery Pathologists

Turn and talk with ONE person about whether or not you think Islam is responsible for all these great advancements