Expanding Borders

Unit 5 Chapter 11 Lesson 2Pages 436 - 441

Objectives

• Describe the events of the War of 1812

• Explain the Indian Removal Act and the Trail of Tears

Content Focus

• Tecumseh tried to unite Native Americans to join the British against the United States.

• Troubles between the United States and Britain were growing, leading some to want to go to war with Britain.

Vocabulary

• Impressment – taking workers against their will

• National anthem – official song of a country

• Nationalism – pride in one’s country

• Assimilated – adopt the ways

What is going on?

• Pioneers – settling on Native American lands

• U.S. Army – ties to force Native Americans OUT

• Britain (controls Canada) – encourages Indians to fight

Chief Tecumseh

• Urges unity among Native Americans

• Built Prophetstown (in Indiana)

• Goal wanted all Indians to come to Prophetstown and defend lands

Conflict with Britain

• Early 1800’s – American’s angry with Britain

• Britain is at war with France• Block U.S. ships from trading with

France• Need sailors• Force American sailors to work on their

ships (Impressment)• Americans want WAR!

June 1812

• James Madison – asks Congress to declare war

• Britain has strongest Navy

• Blockade American ports

American Victories

• Sep. 1813 – Battle of Lake Erie

• Captain Oliver Hazzard Perry

• This victory helped U.S. keep control of the West

• Oct. 1813 – Battle of the Thames (TEMZ)

• Gen. William Harrison

• 4,500 troops into Canada

• Chief Tecumseh killed

• Most tribes give up alliance with Britain

August 1814

• Washington D.C.• 1st Lady – Dolley

Madison – at White House

• Escapes, but saves many government papers

• British burn White House & Capital

1814

• Baltimore, Maryland• Fort McHenry• Long battle• Francis Scott Key,

wrote poem when he saw the flag still flying

• Became our National Anthem

New Orleans, Louisiana

• Gen. Andrew Jackson

• Leads American victory

• Both sides unaware of signed peace treaty

Nationalism

• Victory gave American’s pride in their country

• Proud to be American’s

• Gave government confidence to speak boldly

Monroe Doctrine

• 1823 – President James Monroe• Announces plan:• “The American continents are not to be

considered subjects for future colonization by any European powers.”

• U.S. would stop European nations from colonization in Western Hemisphere

Voting

• Only white men who owned property

• New states – ALL white men could vote

• 1828 – 1st election all white men could vote

New President

• 1828 – Andrew Jackson

• Tennessee• “Common Man”• 1st President from a

new state• 1st President not

from wealth• Became a symbol of

a new democracy

Indian Removal Act

• Cherokee – Southeast U.S.• Assimilated to U.S way of life• Preserve their way of life• Sequoyah – created the Cherokee

alphabet• Settlers come – Cherokee peaceful, but

protest taking of land• Gold found – more men come

Action taken

• 1830

• Pres. Jackson – signs Indian Removal Act

• Forces Cherokee off land to “Indian Territory

• Today this is Oklahoma

Court action

• John Ross – Cherokee Chief – goes to court to protect land rights

• US Supreme court rules for Cherokee• Chief Justice, John Marshall said Georgia

could not take land• President ignored Supreme Court• He did not enforce ruling

What is the main role of the Executive Branch?

• Enforce the laws

1836 Election

• Martin Van Buren

• Agreed with Jackson

• Mar. 27, 1838 – VanBuren sends in the Army

Trail of Tears

• Cherokee walked 800 miles

• 1 out of 4 died

• US forced almost ALL Indians east of Mississippi to Indian Territory