exercises 50 - 100. golitsinsky....

Упражнение 50

In a small town in the East there once was a manwho had a parrot. The parrot was taught to saythe words: "There is no doubt about it." It used torepeat these words, all day long. Every time itwas asked aquestion, it gave the same answer,"There is no doubt about it." One day the mandecided to sell the bird; so he put the parrot intothe cage and went to the market with it. "Twentypounds for a very clever parrot!" he cried. A manwho was passing by heard this and turned to theparrot. "Are you worth twenty pounds?" heasked. "There is no doubt about it!" answered theparrot. "What a clever parrot!" said the man andbought the bird. He took the parrot home andinvited his friends to look at the clever bird. Thefriends came and looked at the parrot and talkedto it. Now you must know that the man was notrich. In fact, he was often short of money. So aweek or two later, sitting in an armchair andlooking at the parrot, he said, "What a fool I wasto throw away such a lot of money!" "There is nodoubt about it!" cried the parrot. And this timethe bird was right.


A train stopped at a little station. A passengerlooked out of the window of a train carriage andsaw a woman selling cakes. The man had not hadbreakfast in the morning. He was hungry andwanted to buy a cake. The woman was standingrather far from the carriage. The man did notwant to go and buy a cake himself because hewas afraid to miss the train. He saw a boy whowas walking along the platform near the carriage.He called the boy and asked him, "How muchdoes a cake cost?" "Threepence, sir," answeredthe boy. The man gave him a sixpence and said,"Bring me a cake, and with the other threepencebuy a cake for yourself." The boy took themoney and went to the woman. A few minuteslater the boy returned. He was eating a cake. Hegave the man threepence change and said, "Thewoman had only one cake, sir."


A crow once said to her children, "It's high timefor you to look for food." With these words sheturned them out of the nest and took them to the

Exercises 50 - 100. Golitsinsky. http://skachat-anglijsky.ru/7ed/7ed_golitsinsky_answers(50-100).shtml

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A crow once said to her children, "It's high timefor you to look for food." With these words sheturned them out of the nest and took them to thefield. But the crow's children did not like theidea. "We'd rather go back to the nest," theycried. "It's so nice when you bring food to us!""Indeed!" said their mother. "You are big enoughto feed yourselves. My mother turned me out ofthe nest when I was much younger, and I had totake care of myself." "But people will kill us withtheir guns," said the young crows. "No fear ofthat," answered their mother. "Before peopleshoot, they take aim, and that takes time. Whenyou see a man raising a gun to his face, you mustjust fly away." "That's a simple thing to do," saidthe children, "but supposing a man or a boywants to throw a stone at us: in such a case hewon't have to take aim." "Well, then he will haveto bend down to pick up a stone," said the crow."But what if he carries a stone in his handready?" "Why, if you are clever enough to thinkof that," said the mother, "you are clever enoughto take care of yourselves." And she flew awayleaving the young crows in the field.


Russia is such a large country that when it isnight in one part of the country, it is day inanother part, when it is winter in one part of thecountry, it is already summer in another. Imagineit is the beginning of May now. It is spring in StPetersburg. The weather is fine. It is still cool atnight, but it is quite warm in the afternoon. Itsometimes rains, but the rain is warm, too. Theground is covered with soft green grass, and thetrees are covered with green leaves. But while itis spring in St Petersburg, it is still winter in thenorth of our country at the beginning of May.Here it is cold and sometimes frosty, the riversand seas are covered with ice. The ice does notmelt in some places even in summer. The groundis covered with deep snow. In the south of ourcountry the weather is quite different. It isalready summer in the Caucasus. It is muchwarmer than In St Petersburg. It is sometimeseven hot. The sky is usually cloudless and itseldom rains here. People wear summer clothes.They enjoy gardening. You should see theirgardens in the summertime — they are beautiful.

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1. Is this an interesting book? Is this a veryinteresting book? Is this the very interesting bookyou have spoken about so much? It is such aninteresting book. Is it the same book you have


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interesting book? Is this the very interesting bookyou have spoken about so much? It is such aninteresting book. Is it the same book you haverecommended to us? 2. She is a teacher. She is agood teacher. She is a teacher of our school. Sheis a teacher of English. Here is the teacher, askher about the questions which interest you. 3.There is a word in the text which I cannotunderstand. There is a very difficult word, too,which I cannot pronounce. Here is the word Iwas looking up in the dictionary. This word is anadverb. 4. The first men were vegetarians. 5.Serfdom was abolished in Russia in the 19thcentury. 6. Columbus, who discovered America,was a native of Genoa. 7. Rome is an ancienttown. 8. Ireland, Scotland and Wales are parts ofthe United Kingdom. 9. What is the name of theocean between America and Asia? — ThePacific. 10. Last summer I visited Switzerlandand Germany. 11. Amsterdam is the capital of theNetherlands. The Hague is a city of theNetherlands where that country's government isbased. 12. It was such a shock. 13. It's high timeto take a break.


Once there lived a king. His name was Midas. Hehad a little daughter. They lived in a beautifulpalace with a wonderful garden around it. Nowthe king was very fond of gold. He loved goldmore than anything else in the world. One day,when the king was looking at his gold, a youngman appeared before him. "You are a very richman, Midas," said the young man. "Yes," said theking, "but I would like to be richer. I would liketo have a golden touch. I want everything that Itouch to turn into gold." The young man was amagician, and he gave the king the golden touchwhich he wanted to have. The king was veryhappy. He touched a table, and the table becamegold. He went into the garden. There werebeautiful roses in the garden. He touched theroses, and they also became gold. The king'sdaughter, who Loved the roses very much, saw itand began to cry. "Don't cry, dear daughter", saidthe king and touched his daughter's head. Thenext moment the girl turned into a beautiful goldstatue.

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A group of farmers were sitting in a villagehouse, and among other things they began talkingabout echoes. One of the farmers said that therewas a wonderful echo in the field near his farmwhere there was a large group of trees. All theother farmers said that they would like to hear


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about echoes. One of the farmers said that therewas a wonderful echo in the field near his farmwhere there was a large group of trees. All theother farmers said that they would like to hearthe echo, and the farmer invited them to comethe next afternoon. But the fact was that thefarmer did not really have the echo he had toldthe other farmers about. So when he came home,he sent for the son of the cook and told him to goto the field, hide himself among the trees andimitate everything that was said. The next daythe other farmers came, and the farmer tookthem to the field to listen to the wonderful echo.When they were in the field, he shouted at thetop of his voice, "Are you there?" The answercame back, "Yes, I've been here for two hours!"


It was a nice summer day. The weather was fine,the sun was shining in the blue sky, the air wasfragrant with the smell of grass and flowers. Adog which was running about the streets of a littletown saw a butcher's stall with a lot of meat. Thedog cautiously approached the stall and, whenthe butcher turned away to talk to a woman,quickly seized a big piece of meat and ran awaywith it. On the way home the dog had to cross astream by a narrow bridge. As he was crossing,he looked down into the stream and saw hisreflection in the water. He thought it was anotherdog with another piece of meat. He snapped atthe reflection and dropped his own piece of meat.That's how the dog was punished for greediness.


On Sunday our family went to the country. Wegot up at sunrise and quickly had breakfast. Afterbreakfast we left home. There is a little villagenot far from St Petersburg where we havefriends. We went there by train. We all had agreat time in the country. The weather was nice,the sky was blue and the sun was shining. Westayed out of doors all day long. We playedvolleyball and tennis. At sunset we stoppedplaying. There was a beautiful red and goldensunset that evening. We sat watching the sunset.So we returned to town late in the evening. Whenwe came home, we had supper and went to bedat once.


1. Look at the sky. It is covered with dark clouds.Let's hurry home. 2. It was very pleasant to livein the country in summer. The weather was niceand it seldom rained. Summer is a fine season. 3.How lovely the night is! There are no clouds inthe sky and the air is so fresh. 4. When springcomes, the sun shines brighter, the snow melts,


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and it seldom rained. Summer is a fine season. 3.How lovely the night is! There are no clouds inthe sky and the air is so fresh. 4. When springcomes, the sun shines brighter, the snow melts,the days become longer. 5. Winter is a good timefor sports. 6. On Sunday my friend and I usuallygo to the country. We ski, skate, play snowballsand have a very good time. 7. The fog is so densethat it is difficult to walk. 8. My friend is a verygood chess player. 9. In summer we lived in thecountry and went up to town by train. 10.Tomorrow is Sunday. If it is too hot in town, weshall go to the country. And on Monday we shallcome back. 11. Autumn is the most beautifulseason of the year. 12. Winter isn't a depressingseason.


Last Tuesday evening, when the whole familywas at home, a burglar came into the house andstole $500! When we discovered the theft, wecalled the police. Because the burglar's shoeswere wet and dirty, the detective could follow hisfootprints. Here is what the burglar did. He brokein through the front door. It was locked, so hebroke the lock. Dad was reading a newspaper inthe study near the front door. He was facing thebig window, so he didn't see the man, andbecause he was also listening to loud music, hedidn't hear him. It was raining and there wasthunder, so there was a lot of noise outside, too.The burglar crossed the hall to the kitchen. Mumwas making a pot of tea, so he didn't go into thekitchen. The man went back across the hall andlooked into the dining room. No one was in there.He looked through all the drawers and found$300. But this wasn't enough. He came out of thedining room and went upstairs. Tom was doinghis homework in his bedroom and listening to hisWalkman. The burglar went past Tom's room.Sally was taking a shower and singing at the topof her lungs. He went into the TV room. Heopened everything but found nothing. Then heleft the TV room, went back down the stairs andinto the kitchen. Mum was sitting in the livingroom with Dad. The burglar was very quiet! Hefound $200 in an old teapot on the top shelf ofthe left kitchen cupboard. Then the man went outthrough the French window in the dining room. Itwasn't locked, so it was easy to get out. Thepolice couldn't believe it! We never heard theburglar!

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1. My brother read to me an extract from thebook which he had brought the day before. The


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1. My brother read to me an extract from thebook which he had brought the day before. Themain character of the book is a young doctor whowent to a distant village in Siberia. 2. Theweather was very bad in October. We didn'tenjoy the very cool autumn last year. 3. When hecame into the room, he saw a man sitting on thesofa. He at once remembered that it was the manhe had seen at the theatre the night before. 4.Yesterday I saw the film you are speaking about.5. He took a taxi and gave the address to thedriver. 6. Tower Bridge is the first bridge over theThames coming from the sea. Built in 1894 it is asuspension bridge. The central portion of it canbe opened to admit ships to the docks in this partof the river. When a ship arrives, the traffic isstopped and the great bridge opens in the centre:its two halves go up into the air and the shippasses through.


Once a Frenchman was travelling in Sweden. Hestopped at a hotel in a little Swedish town. It wasevening, the man was tired, so he went to bed atonce. In the morning he had breakfast in thehotel restaurant. After breakfast he went for awalk. He walked along the streets of the town,visited a museum and (some) shops. Presently hefelt hungry and dropped into a cafe for lunch. Hesat down at a table, called a waiter and orderedmushrooms. But the Frenchman did not knowSwedish and the waiter did not know French.Nobody in the cafe could speak French. Then theFrenchman took a piece of paper and a penciland drew the picture of a mushroom. The waiterlooked at the picture and left the room at once.Five minutes later he returned with an umbrella.What a funny story!


A guide was once showing a group of richAmerican tourists the places of interest in a littletown in the south of Italy. He took the touristsfrom place to place, but as the town was small,after a while the guide could not think ofanything that might be of interest to theAmericans. "Tell us something unusual about theweather or the climate of this place," said anAmerican lady to the guide. "What can I tell herabout our climate?" thought the guide. Then hehad an idea. "Well," he said, "there is oneunusual thing about our climate. One can easilynotice that the wind here always blows from thewest." "Really?" said the lady in a surprised tone,"What an interesting thing!" But another touristsaid, "You must be wrong. Look! The wind is


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notice that the wind here always blows from thewest." "Really?" said the lady in a surprised tone,"What an interesting thing!" But another touristsaid, "You must be wrong. Look! The wind isblowing from the east now." At the first momentthe guide did not know what to say. But he was aclever man and soon found a way out. "Oh," hesaid, "Is that so? Well, then it must be the westwind coming back."

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The English king Richard the Lionheart was atall, strong man. He was very proud of hisstrength and liked to show people how strong hewas. Once, as he was riding on horseback in thecountryside, his horse lost a shoe. Luckily he wasnot far from a village and soon he found ablacksmith. "Give me a good horseshoe," he saidto the man. The blacksmith gave the king ahorseshoe. Richard took it in his hand and brokeit in two. "This horseshoe is no good," he said,"give me abetter one." The blacksmith did notsay a word. He gave the king another horseshoe,but Richard broke it, too. The blacksmith gavehim a third shoe. This time Richard was satisfiedand ordered the blacksmith to shoe his horse.When the work was done, Richard offered theman a coin. The blacksmith took the coinbetween his fingers and broke it in two. Now itwae Richard's turn to be surprised. He took alarger coin out of his pocket and handed it to theblacksmith. The man broke it, too, saying, "Thiscoin is no good, give me a better one." Richardsmiled and gave the man a gold coin.


Упражнение 65 In the fifteenth century peopleknew only three continents: Europe, Asia andAfrica. They knew nothing about such a bigcontinent as America. The man who discoveredAmerica was born in 1451 in Italy. His name wasChristopher Columbus. He became a sailor at anearly age. Knowing that the Earth was round, hedecided to reach India sailing to the west. Hetried to arrange an expedition, but did not havemoney, and nobody wanted to help him. At lastthe king of Spain gave him money for theexpedition. He set sail in 1492. The voyage wasvery dangerous and difficult. On the 12th ofOctober his ship reached land. When theylanded, they saw strange trees and flowers.Olive-skinned men and women gathered aroundthe sailors and looked at them with great surprise.Columbus was sure that he had discovered a newway to India. Some time later another sailorreached America. The name of the sailor was


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Columbus was sure that he had discovered a newway to India. Some time later another sailorreached America. The name of the sailor wasAmerigo Vespucci. He understood that it was anew continent.


Упражнение 66 1. He's looking for a plain shirt,but all the shirts are striped. 2. I'm looking for apair of black pants. 3. She's looking for a blouse.Polka-dot blouses are very popular this summer.4. I bought a new hat yesterday. The shopassistant said it was the latest style. 5. I want toask you to accompany me to the shop. I must buya dress. 6. Where did you buy this overcoat? — Ibought it at a big store in Nevsky Prospect onTuesday. 7. My sister bought a blue hat onWednesday. The colour suits her very nicely asshe has got blue eyes. 8. I must buy a pair of newgloves. 9. Where is the shoe department? — It ison the third floor. 10. I think the coat is a littletight. 11. We came to a big tailor's shop to findout if we could have a business suit made toorder. 12. I don't like the hat you have chosen.The colour is not becoming to you. 13. Here isthe department of ready-made clothes. Let's go inand see if we can buy a nice pair of trousers foryou. 14. I am going to give him a silk tie as abirthday present. He likes ties.


Упражнение 67 1. Everyone in our countryknows Lomonosov, the founder of the firstRussian university. 2. Nekrasov, a famousRussian poet, described the life of Russianpeasants. 3. I don't want to miss the concertwhich will take place at the Philharmonic on the15th of April. 4. He graduated from theUniversity of London six years ago. Now he is ascientist. And though he is a young scientist, hisname is well known. 5. My aunt is a teacher ofphysics. 6. Yesterday I read a book by Dickens, afamous English writer. 7. I am sorry, I don't knowthe way to the nearest cafe. I am a stranger heremyself. 8. The town I was born in is on the Volga.9. Who is the author of this book? 10. A quarterof an hour was left before the beginning of theconcert. We entered the hall and saw a group ofpupils of our school. We joined them.

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Упражнение 68 1. During the vacation Iattended some interesting lectures. I remembertwo of the lectures best of all. They were aboutRussian music. 2. I am sure he won't stay in town


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Упражнение 68 1. During the vacation Iattended some interesting lectures. I remembertwo of the lectures best of all. They were aboutRussian music. 2. I am sure he won't stay in townfor the vacation. 3. Two weeks are left before theend of the school year. The examinations arecoming. On the first of June we shall take anexam in literature. 4. Today is my day off. I amgoing to spend the day in the country. 5. Mybrother brought a new book yesterday. When Ilooked at the title, I was very glad: it was thebook which I had wanted to get for along time. 6.My sister is acquainted with the actor who playedthe leading part in the play you saw yesterday. 7.What river is the longest in Europe? — Why,what a strange question to ask! Any schoolboycan tell you that it is the Volga. 8. I am afraid youwill have a lot of trouble with this business. 9.The day was not bright yesterday. The sky wascovered with clouds. 10. What a pity! I can'tcome to the party tonight.


I knew a man who had travelled very much in hislife. He had visited many countries in the eastand in the west. He loved children and often toldthem interesting stories. I remember some of thestories which he told me. One of the stories wasabout an adventure he had had in London. Hewas a young man at that time and was interestedin the history of architecture. One day he visitedone of the towers of the Houses of Parliament.He came out on to the balcony of the tower andbegan to look at the ornaments on the walls.Then he climbed up on the roof. Suddenly a mancame running to him and seized him by the arm.He began shouting something in English, but myfriend knew only a few words of English and didnot understand him. The Englishman called apoliceman. The fact was that he thought that theRussian tourist wanted to kill himself by jumpingfrom the top of the tower. Later, when everythingbecame clear, they laughed a lot over it.


One day a father and his rich family took his sonon a trip to the country with the firm purpose ofshowing him how poor people can be. They spenta day and anight at the farm of a very poorfamily. When they returned from their trip, thefather asked his son, "How was the trip?" "Verygood. Dad!" "Did you see how poor people canbe?" the father asked. "Yeah!" "And what didyou learn?" The son replied: "I saw that we havea dog at home, and they have four. We have apool that reaches to the middle of the garden;they have a river that has no end. We haveimported lamps in the garden; they have the


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pool that reaches to the middle of the garden;they have a river that has no end. We haveimported lamps in the garden; they have thestars. Our patio reaches to the front yard; theyhave a whole horizon." When a little boy finishedspeaking, his father was speechless. His sonadded, 'Thanks, Dad, for showing me how poorwe are."


The room in which the boys were fed was a largestone hall, with a copper at one end, out of whichthe cook took gruel which he put into each bowlat mealtimes. Each boy had one portion of grueland no more, and on Sundays they had twoounces and a quarter of bread besides. The bowlsnever needed washing — the boys polished themwith their spoons till they shone again. At last theboys got so wild with hunger that one boy said hewas afraid he would some night eat the hoy whoslept next to him. The boys believed him. Acouncil was held. Oliver was chosen to go up tothe cook that evening after supper and ask formore. The evening arrived, and the boys tooktheir places. The cook stood at the copper. Thegruel was served out and disappeared. ThenOliver rose from the table and advancing to thecook, said in a weak voice, "Please, sir, I wantsome more." The cook was a healthy man, but heturned pale. "What?" said he in a tremblingvoice. The man could not believe his ears.


Many years ago a London theatre performed aplay in which there was a great storm on the sea.In those days theatres had no machines. That iswhy the manager engaged several boys to makethe waves of the sea. They jumped up and downunder a big piece of sea-green cloth. The boysreceived a shilling a night for their work. Theyworked for several weeks. But then the managerdecided to pay them less money — only sixpencea night. So the boys decided to go on strike.During a performance, when the storm began,when the wind blew and it was raining, the searemained calm — there was not a single wave onit. The angry manager lifted one corner of the"sea" and said to the boys, "Make waves, boys,make waves!" "Do you want waves for a shillingor for sixpence?" asked a boy in aloud voice."Oh, for a shilling," answered the manager. Theboys began to jump up and down, and did it sowell, that the storm looked quite real.


In the old days it was necessary for all the partsof a city to be close together, in order that a


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In the old days it was necessary for all the partsof a city to be close together, in order that adefensive wall might surround it, and the streets,therefore, were made as narrow as possible.Many European cities began with walls roundthem. But in America there was little need fordefensive walls, and that's why many Americancities have been built on a regular plan, modifieda little according to natural surroundings. Thestreets in American cities, instead of havingnames, are numbered, and so when one has onceunderstood the plan of an American city, it isvery easy to find one's way from one part of it toanother. The old part of New York lies in thesouthern half of Manhattan Island, and there thestreets are narrow and twisted, as in the towns ofthe Old World. But the rest of the streets, withbut few exceptions, all run in straight lines. Thereis one street in the city, however, that does notfollow a straight line. And that is Broadway, NewYork's most famous street. It starts within sight ofthe dancing waters of the harbour and runsbetween tall skyscrapers in the northwesterndirection. This great street is the longest in theworld.

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Africa is a very large continent lying to the southof Europe and to the southwest of Asia to whichit is joined by the Isthmus of Suez. Less than onehundred years ago men knew almost nothing ofthe middle of the continent. Travellers fromEurope made long journeys into the centre butthey met with terrible difficulties, for thecontinent is covered with forests full of fearfulwild animals. Some travellers died of hunger orthirst or strange illnesses, others were killed bylions, still others by natives; but nevertheless boldmen were found ready to go along rivers into theheart of Africa. The merchants who came fromEuropean countries had much to sell, and herewere millions of people ready to buy; here was acountry, the richness of which was unimaginable.


Robert Burns, the son of a small farmer inAyrshire, was born on the 25th of January, 1759.His parents were poor, so Burns did not get agood education. He worked hard as a ploughboy.He was fond of reading and always had a balladbook before him at dinner. After the death of hisfather Robert and his brother and sisters tookover the farm together.


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father Robert and his brother and sisters tookover the farm together.

Working in the fields Burns wrote manywonderful songs. However, things became so badon the farm, that the poet decided to go toJamaica hoping to get a job on a plantation there.Luckily some friends helped Burns to publish abook of poems. The book was noticed andpraised highly.

In 1786 Burns went to Edinburgh, and his bookof poems unlocked the doors of rich Edinburghhouses to a peasant with such a wonderful talent.In 1788 he married Jean Armour and spent apeaceful and happy year. The rest of his life storyis a tale of the poet's hardships. The hard liferuined the poet's health, and on the 21st of July,1796, he died at the age of thirty-seven.


"Is there a post office near the house you livein?"

"Yes, there is. Go to the corner of the street alongwhich trams run. Then turn to the left and walk ashort distance down the street. Do not cross thestreet, of course. You will see a sign over a doorwhich says 'Post and Telegraph Office'."

"Thank you very much. I am sure I shall find itwithout difficulty. I must buy (some) stamps,send a telegram and ask whether they receiveparcels there. I want to send a parcel to an oldfriend. It will be her birthday in a week. Perhapsyou can tell me where I can find a shop that sellsnice things that one can give as presents?""Yes, certainly. There's a very good shop not farfrom here. You can easily walk there in a fewminutes. Go straight down the street that you willsee directly in front of you when you come out ofthe post office till you come to a wide streetalong which buses and trolleybuses run. Thenturn to the left again and almost immediately youwill come to a beautiful shop with big windowsfull of all sorts of things. I am sure you will findnice presents there."


Until near the end of the 19th century it was thelaw in England that if a man was unable to pay adebt, even a small one, he could be imprisoned.This imprisonment might very well be for life, asit was impossible for the people in prison to workat their ordinary occupations and so make moneyto repay the sum they had borrowed. If they hadfriends who could bring them materials to work


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at their ordinary occupations and so make moneyto repay the sum they had borrowed. If they hadfriends who could bring them materials to workwith, they might work with their hands, sewing ormaking boots, for instance.

The great English novelist Charles Dickens knewa great deal about the debtors' prisons frompersonal experience, for when he was about ten,his father was imprisoned for debt, and the wholefamily had to go and live with him in the prisonbecause they had nowhere else to live. Themother and the children, however, could leavethe place when they wished; but at ten o'clockevery evening the great gates were shut for thenight, and no one could leave or enter untilmorning.

Dickens described the life in the debtors' prisonsin some of his novels. It was largely because ofDickens' sharp criticism that the EnglishGovernment was finally forced to do away withdebtors' prisons.

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At the beginning of the 19th century a little boywas born in the family of John Dickens, a clerk atan office in Portsmouth, and was named Charles.He had a sister who was older than himself, andthere were several other children in the family.

When Charles was seven, he was sent to school.He was not a strong child. He did not like to playcricket or football and spent all his free timereading. In 1821 the family went to London, andlittle Charles left behind him the happiest yearsof his childhood.

His father was in money difficulties, and thefamily became poorer and poorer. The boy had togive up his studies. Mr Dickens was put into adebtors' prison. Little Charles learned to know allthe horrors and cruelty of a large capitalist city.He had to go to work at a blacking factory. Heworked there from morning till night. When hisfather came out of prison, Charles was sent toschool for some time.

Soon he got work as a clerk. Then he learnedstenography and became a reporter inParliament. In 1836 at the age of 24 CharlesDickens published his first book. It was acollection of stories. The title of the book was"Sketches by Boz." These were followed by"Pickwick Papers" and "Oliver Twist" and manyother famous novels.


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"Sketches by Boz." These were followed by"Pickwick Papers" and "Oliver Twist" and manyother famous novels.

Charles Dickers is one of the greatest writers ofthe 19th century. His novels are now translatedinto most languages of the world.


During the American War of Independence, thecommander of a small unit of soldiers was givingorders to his men about a heavy cannon that theywere trying to lift to its place at the top of somefortifications. It was almost beyond their powerto lift the weight, and the commander keptshouting encouraging words. An officer, not inuniform, was passing by, and he asked thecommander why he did not help the soldiers.Greatly surprised, the man turned round and saidproudly, "Sir, I am a corporal" "Oh, you are, areyou?" replied the officer: "I did not know that. Ibeg your pardon, Mr Corporal." Then he got offthe horse he was riding and, taking hold of therope that the men were pulling at, he pulled withall his strength. And when the cannon was in itsplace, he turned to the little great man and said,"Mr Corporal, when you have another job likethis and have not enough men, send for yourcommander in chief, and I shall gladly come andhelp you."The corporal was struck with astonishment. Theman who had helped his soldiers was GeorgeWashington.


William Shakespeare, the greatest Englishplaywright, was born in 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon in England. Stratford is a smallcountry town in a farming district near the centreof England.

The Avon, which is a pretty river with grass andtrees all along its banks, runs through Stratford.Not much is known of Shakespeare's father. Hewas a farmer who, at different times of his life,sold meat and bought aлd sold wool. He was poorand was often in money difficulties.

Also very little is known about the life of his onlyson William. The little house in which the greatwriter was born still stands. It is now a museum.William went to school in Stratford.

In 1586 he went to London. Probably the firstwork he did there was at one of the two theatresthat were in London at that time. Then hebecame an actor and soon began to write plays


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work he did there was at one of the two theatresthat were in London at that time. Then hebecame an actor and soon began to write playsfor the company of actors to which he belonged.

Shakespeare bought the largest house in his hometown in 1597, but he did not spend much timethere till 1610. He spent the last years of his lifemostly in Stratford, but he often visited London.He died in 1616.


The financial crisis of 2007-2010 has been calledby leading economists the worst financial crisissince the Great Depression of the 1930s.Economist Peter Morici has termed it "The GreatRecession". It contributed to the failure of keybusinesses, declines in consumer wealthestimated in the trillions of U.S. dollars,substantial financial commitments incurred bygovernments, and a significant decline ineconomic activity.

Many causes have been proposed. Bothmarket-based and regulatory solutions have beenimplemented or are under consideration, whilesignificant risks remain for the world economyover the 2010-2011 periods.

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Rarely has the economic ascent of two relativelypoor nations been watched with such awe. Thepostwar era witnessed economic miracles inJapan and South Korea. But neither was largeenough to power worldwide growth or change thegame in multiple industries.

China and India, by contrast, possess the weightand dynamism to transform the 21st centuryglobal economy. Never has the world seen thesimultaneous, sustained takeoffs of two nationsthat together account for one-third of the planet'spopulation.

What makes the two giants especially powerful isthat they complement each other's strengths.Technical and managerial skills in both China andIndia are becoming more important than cheapassembly labour. China stays dominant in massmanufacturing, and is one of the few nationsbuilding nuiltibillion-dollar electronics and heavyindustrial plants.

India is a rising power in software, design,services, and precision industry. Its softwareindustry barely existed 15 years ago but is


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India is a rising power in software, design,services, and precision industry. Its softwareindustry barely existed 15 years ago but isgrowing rapidly today. How these Asian giantsintegrate with the rest of the world will largelyshape the 21st century global economy.


1. George Bernard Shaw, a well-known Englishplaywright, was born in Ireland in 1856. He wasthe son of a clerk and had to begin working at anearly age. At the age of twenty he moved toLondon where he became a journalist.

2. The play "Widowers' Houses" shows theegoism and hypocricy of some businessmen whogot their profits from the London slums wherethe poorest people lived.

3. While travelling in Germany Harry Trench, ayoung English doctor, got acquainted with MrSartorius, a respectable-looking gentleman, andhis daughter Blanche. The young people fell inlove with each other and were going to getmarried. Trench knew that Sartorius was rich, buthe did not know what kind of property he had.He learned about it from a conversation withLickcheese, Sartorius' rent collector. It turned outthat Sartorius was the owner of some tenementsin the London slums, and that all the property hehad was built by getting money out of the poorpeople who lived there. Trench was greatlyshocked. He did not want to take money fromBlanche's father. But Blanche said she could notlive on the small income Trench had. They had aquarrel, and Trench left the house. After sometime Trench learned that the land on whichSartorius' houses were built belonged to Trench'saunt and that he himself was living on the moneygot in the same way. Everything comes out "allright" in the end: Trench marries Blanche andbecomes a partner in Sartorius' business. Theauthor shows that in fact Trench is no better thanSartorius, Lickcheese and the like.


My husband picks up the local newspaper everymorning from a vending machine on our way towork. The other morning, a girl who appeared tobe about six was in front of him in line, buyingthe paper for her mother, who was sitting in thecar. The child put the money for one paper in theslot and took two newspapers!My husband said to her, "Oh, is this two-for-oneday?" The child did not reply. She just took thetwo newspapers to her mother.This is stealing, pure and simple. I wonder what


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My husband said to her, "Oh, is this two-for-oneday?" The child did not reply. She just took thetwo newspapers to her mother.This is stealing, pure and simple. I wonder whatthis mother is going to think when her daughterbecomes a teen and gets arrested for shopliftingat the mall? I suppose she'll wonder where herdaugter got the idea that it is OK to takesomething without paying for it.The mother missed an opportunity to teach herchild right from wrong. If the child took the extranewspaper in error, the mother should haveinstructed her to put it back. However, if she putthe child up to it — shame on her.

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Three bank robbers got a surprise last night. Thisis what happened. The three robbers, who allwork as cleaners at a hospital, drove up to thebank on Main Street. The three men, wearingmasks over their faces, got out of the car and raninto the bank. Inside the bank, they pointed gunsat the customers and bank tellers. One of the mentold all the customers to lie down on the floor.And then one of the other men said somethinglike, "Quick, the money! Give me money!" Soone of the tellers handed them some bags. Afterleaving the bank, the three men jumped into theirvan and drove off. One mile down the road, therobbers parked their van next to an ambulancethey had parked before the robbery. They gotinto the ambulance and drove off. They wentstraight to their hospital. After leaving theambulance in the hospital parking lot, the threemen went together into a small room. There, theyopened the bags of money they had been given— and got a very unpleasant surprise! The bankteller had given the robbers special bagscontaining bright red ink! The red ink is releasedwhen the bag is opened, and it can't be washedoff. So suddenly, the men found themselvescovered in red ink! As the men left the room andtried to leave the hospital, an emergency roomdoctor saw them and she thought, "Oh God,they're all covered in blood." So she tried to helpthem but they refused her help and ran off. Thedoctor realized something funny was going onand she called the police. The police caught therobbers — guess where? Outside the bank onMain Street.


A tsunami is a natural phenomenon consisting ofa series of waves generated when water in a lakeor the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.It is also a very large dangerous ocean wave


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A tsunami is a natural phenomenon consisting ofa series of waves generated when water in a lakeor the sea is rapidly displaced on a massive scale.It is also a very large dangerous ocean wavecaused by an underwater explosion, earthquake,etc. Earthquakes, landslides, volcanic eruptionsand large meteorite impacts all have the potentialto generate a tsunami. The effects of a tsunamican range from unnoticeable to devastation.

The magnitude 9.0 2004 Indian OceanEarthquake triggered a series of lethal tsunamison December 26, 2004 that killed over 310,000people (more than 220,000 in Indonesia alone),making it the deadliest tsunami in recordedhistory. The tsunami killed people over an arearanging from the immediate vicinity of the quakein Indonesia, Thailand and the north-westerncoast of Malaysia to thousands of kilometresaway in Bangladesh, India, Sri Lanka, theMaldives, and even as far as Somalia, Kenya andTanzania in eastern Africa.

The disaster prompted a huge worldwide effort tohelp victims of the tragedy, with hundreds ofmillions of dollars being raised for disaster relief.


The 2012 Summer Olympic Games, officiallyknown as the Games of the XXX Olympiad, willtake place in the United Kingdom of GreatBritain and Northern Ireland from 27 July to 12August 2012. London will become the first cityto officially host the modern Olympic Gamesthree times, having previously done so in 1908and in 1948.

London was elected as the host city on 6 July2005 during the 117th IOC Session in Singapore,defeating Moscow, New York City, Madrid andParis after four rounds of voting.

The Olympics prompted a redevelopment ofmany of the areas of London in which the gamesare to be held.

A total of 12,500 athletes are expected tocompete in 300 events in 26 sports. 205 nationsare reported to participate in the 2012 SummerOlympics.


The 2014 Winter Olympics, officially known asthe XXII Olympic Winter Games or the 22ndWinter Olympics, will be held in the RussianFederation for the first time; the Soviet Unionhosted the 1980 Summer Games in Moscow. Thehost city Sochi has a population of 400,000


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Federation for the first time; the Soviet Unionhosted the 1980 Summer Games in Moscow. Thehost city Sochi has a population of 400,000people and is situated in Krasnodar, which is thethird largest region in Russia.

The Games will be organized in two clusters: acoastal cluster for ice events in Sochi, and amountain cluster located in the Krasnaya PolyanaMountains. This will make it one of the mostcompact Games ever, with around 30 minutestravel time from the coastal to mountain cluster.

The Sochi Olympic Park will be built along theBlack Sea coast in the Imeretinskaya Valley,where all the ice venues such as the Bolshoi IcePalace, the Maly Ice Palace, the Olympic Oval,the Sochi Olympic Skating Centre, the OlympicCurling Centre, the Central Stadium, the MainOlympic Village and the International BroadcastCentre and Main Press Centre, will be built anewfor the 2014 Games.

There will be an average distance of 6 kmbetween the Olympic Village and the othercoastal venues. The mountain cluster in KrasnayaPolyana will be home to all the skiing and slidingsports. There will be an average distance of 4 kmbetween the mountain sub-village and thevenues. There will also be a sub-media centre inthe mountain cluster.

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Существительное


A lioness, a tigress, an actress, a poetess, awoman, an aunt, a wife, a sister, a grandmother, adaughter, a mistress, a baroness, a countess, ashepherdess, a hostess.


A lord, a boy, a nephew, Mr Smith, a widower, afather, a Frenchman, a cock, an ox, a king, aprince, a duke, a steward.


Pens, classes, stories, roads, days, cats, bushes,desks, tables, plates, foxes, rooms, ladies, knives,chairs, buses, heroes, matches, ways, houses,families, flags, towns, wolves, countries, lions,parks, plays, dictionaries, thieves, keys.


Babies, plants, lemons, peaches, bananas,brushes, stars, mountains, trees, shillings, kings,


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Babies, plants, lemons, peaches, bananas,brushes, stars, mountains, trees, shillings, kings,the waiters, the queens, men, the men, women,the women, eyes, shelves, boxes, the cities, boys,geese, the watches, mice, dresses, toys, thesheep, teeth, children, the oxen, deer, the lives,tomatoes, secretaries, crowds, the airports,theatres, the tornadoes, shops, the tragedies.


These magazines, those stickers, these stamps,those sandwiches, these posters, these teacups,these eggs, those walls, those pictures, these feet,those mountains, these ladies, those windows,these men, those matches, these knives, thesebooks, these families, these pies, those answers,those apartments, those teachers, those comedies.


1. These are spiders. 2. Those are snails. 3. Theseare stars. 4. These are film stars. 5. Those arecartoons. 6. These are boys. 7. These are babies.8. Those are plates. 9. Those are flowers. 10.Those are bookshelves. 11. Are these sofas? 12.Are these bookcases? 13. Are these men? 14. Arethose balls? 15. Are those trains? 16. Are thoseplanes? 17. Are the windows open? 18. Are thedoors closed? 19. Are the boys near the window?20. Those are not kings. 21. Those are notqueens. 22. Those are not buses. 23. These aren'tmountains. 24. Those aren't geese. 25. Thesearen't mice. 26. They are sheep. 27. They arecalendars. 28. They are cats. 29. They are notgirls. 30. They aren't bags. 31. They aren't trees.32. They are not bad eggs. 33. They are goodeggs. 34. Are those flowers? 35. Are these roses?36. These are teapots.


1. These men are engineers. 2. Those women aremy sisters. 3. These children are my sons. 4.Those geese are big. 5. These mice are white. 6.These men are doctors. 7. Those women are mycousins. They are teachers. 8. Those girls are mynieces. They are pupils. 9. These girls have bluesweaters. 10. These boys have warm coats. 11.My uncles have large flats. 12. There are sometables in the room. 13. We have good pens. Ourpens are in our pockets. 14. There are someflowers in the vase. 15. These children's feet aresore. 16. These cups are dirty. 17. Those booksare dull. 18. These hotels are very expensive butthey are very nice. 19. There are children'splaygrounds in the park. 20. Those are newsupermarkets in our town. 21. They are delicious


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they are very nice. 19. There are children'splaygrounds in the park. 20. Those are newsupermarkets in our town. 21. They are deliciouslemon pies for dessert. 22. They are nice cottondresses for my nieces.

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1. These phones in the office are out of order. 2.Those blouses are made of silk. 3. These areexcellent painting's. 4. His books are verypopular and they really interest me. 5. They aredifficult words to write. 6. My sons are journalistsand they have been very successful. 7. Thesepurses aren't made of leather. 8 Those are myneighbours' cars. 9. Have they got cameras? 10.They are new cassette recorders. 11. Theserooms are very large. 12. There are some matchesin the box. 13. There are knives over there. 14.There are (some) men and women in the street.15. These ladies are those gentlemen's wives. 16.These shoes are too Large for my feet. 17. Thechildren are sitting on a bench. 18. My teeth arewhite. 19. These keys are made of steel. 20.Potatoes are vegetables and cherries are fruit. 21.These are my friends' studies. 22. Our chiefs arevery competent.


Упражнение 97 1. These are my dictionaries. 2.They have new suits. 3. These metals are veryhard. 4. Those ships are Russian ones. 5. Weheard their voices. 6. Their dogs do not likebread. 7. The plates were on the table. 8. Thesetowns aren't very large. 9. We saw them at thetram stop yesterday. 10. Are those girls yoursisters? 11. We shall give you our books. 12.These stories will be unusual ones. 13. Are thesegood matches? 14. The boys put their books onthe desks. 15. They took off their hats. 16. Thosehouses are new. 17. The young men put theirhands in their pockets. 18. Are these studentscoming with us, too? 19. The women didn't sayanything. 20. Do they speak English? 21. Thepolice officers have caught the thieves. 22. Theyare holding the children hostige.


1. They are very difficult questions to answer. 2.We think we'll have those cakes on the right. 3.Look at those pumpkins! They are the biggestones we've seen this year. 4. Are these yourscarves? 5. Those were cookie jars. 6. What arethose children's names? 7. The cats have caughtmice. 8. There were ladies, gentlemen, boys, andgirls in the room. 9. In the farmyard we could see


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those children's names? 7. The cats have caughtmice. 8. There were ladies, gentlemen, boys, andgirls in the room. 9. In the farmyard we could seeoxen, sheep, cows, and geese. 10. Are theseworkers Englishmen or Germans? — They areFrenchmen. 11. Why don't you eat thesepotatoes? 12. These strawberries are still green.13. The withered leaves have fallen to theground. 14. Can you see birds in those trees? 15.Do your teeth still ache? 16. I held up my feet tothe fire to warm them. 17. Their children studyvery well. 18. These men work at our office. 19.There are some new houses in our street. 20.These stories are very exciting. 21. I have hurtmy feet. 22. The wolves have been shot. 23.They keep their toys in boxes. 24. Put theseknives on those tables.


1. These are birds. 2. Are those also birds? — No,they aren't. Those are cats. 3. Are those goodhorses? — Yes, they are. 4. Are those cows big orsmall? — They are big. 5. These are apples andthose are flowers. 6. Where are the coins? —They are in the box. 7. What colour are theboxes? — They are green. 8. What are they madeof? — They are made of wood, 9. What are thosemen? — They are clerks. 10. Are they in theoffice? — Yes, they are. 11. Are those womentypists? — No, they aren't. — What are they? —They are doctors. 12. Are his brothers at home?— Yes, they are. 13. These houses havebalconies looking out on the street. 14. Thearchitecture of these buildings is quite modern.15. These are new districts of St Petersburg. 16.There are (some) shops, cinemas andtheatres inthe new districts. 17. They are retired workers.18. We are drivers. 19. We hear the sounds ofchildren's voices. 20. They are nice girls. 21.They are noisy boys.

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Притяжательный падежсуществительных


1. The dog's ball. 2. That man's skateboard. 3.The children's songs. 4. This woman's umbrella.5. My friend's room. 6. My son's questions. 7. Mybrother's wife. 8. Our teacher's table. 9. Pushkin'spoems. 10. This girl's voice. 11. The workers' newclub. 12. Pete's letter. 13. My parents' car. 14.This woman's life. 15. These women's handbags.16. My sister's flat is large. 17. My brother'schildren are at home. 18. The boys' room is large.19. This girl's name is Jane. 20. These students'


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16. My sister's flat is large. 17. My brother'schildren are at home. 18. The boys' room is large.19. This girl's name is Jane. 20. These students'work is interesting. 21. My son's computer ismodern. 22. He was my cousins' friend.


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exercises 50 - 100. golitsinsky....

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