exemplification: writing essays with vivid examples and illustrations english 100: college writing...
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Exemplification: Writing Essays With Vivid Examples and IllustrationsEnglish 100: College WritingDarren Chiang-Schultheisswww.wiredprof.com
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Why We Use Examples
To persuade skeptical readers who are reluctant to accept your viewpointTo show a causal relationshipTo be more interesting and take the reader beyond a telling statementHelp to explain or clarify an abstractionTo avoid unintended ambiguity
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Forms of Examples
Specific names (people, places, products)
AnecdotesPersonal observationsExpert opinions (from outside sources, interviews)
FactsStatisticsCase studies via research
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Example Types
Personal-case examplesTypical-case examplesHypothetical examplesGeneralized examplesExtended examples
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1. Personal-experience Examples
From your own lifeLend personal authorityCreate drama
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2. Typical-case Examples
Objective in nature: can be especially convincingAbout an actual event/situation, but you didn’t directly experience it.Source could be newspapers, magazines, television
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3. Hypothetical Examples
Speculative, but be sure it’s conceivableMight ask the reader to imagine a scenarioBe sure to acknowledge that your example is invented Ex: “suppose that…” or “let’s for a
moment assume that…”
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4. Generalized Examples
Composite of the typical and usual Ex: “all of us, at one time or another,
have been driven to distraction by a trivial annoyance like the buzzing of a fly or the sting of a paper cut.”
Ex: “when most people get a compliment, they perk up, preen, and think the praise-giver is blessed with astute power of observation.”
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5. Extended Examples
Employ many details and specificsLast an entire paragraphSometimes can encompass the entire essay, but must be significant to stand alone as the only example
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Effective Examples Should:
Be relevant; Have direct bearing on the subjectBe dramaticBe accurate (esp. When using facts, figures, statistics)Be non-contradictoryAvoid sweeping generalizations at all costs, for they do not convince readers
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Effective Examples Should:
Be representative: avoid oddball or one-in-a-million types of examples; They distort and are not honest Ex: if writing a paper on the
difficulties of getting through college and you use the example of a student who works 35 hours a week and still gets straight A’s, that’s not typical or representative. It does not exemplify what MOST students experience.
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Effective Examples Should:
Use an organizational approach: Chronological Spatial Simple to complex Emphatic sequence
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Recognize & Use Key Words
For example,For instance,First, second, thirdNext, in addition