executive branch qualifications

27
NOTES ON THE EXECUTIVE BRANCH CHAPTERS 17 & 18 The Presidency

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Page 1: Executive branch Qualifications

NOTES ON THE EXECUTIVE BRANCHCHAPTERS 17 & 18

The Presidency

Page 2: Executive branch Qualifications

Qualifications--Formal

The following are required by the Constitution:A. At least 35 years of ageB. Natural Born Citizen—what does this mean?C. Lived in the US for 14 years prior to election

—why was this established?

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Qualifications--Informal

Though the following are not required, tradition holds that a president is:

A. MaleB. ProtestantC. WealthyD. A veteran of military serviceE. A holder of political officeF. Others?

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Term of Office

You hopefully know that a president’s term is four years.

The President can be elected to serve two full terms for a total of eight years.

If, however, a President fills less than two years of his/her predecessor (in the event of death or resignation), ten years is the max.

This was set by the 22nd Amendment, after Franklin D. Roosevelt was elected four times and served 12 years (he died in the first year of his 4th term). “No person shall be elected to the office of President

more than twice…”

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25th Amendment—Line of Succession

According to the 25th AmendmentA. In the event of the President’s death or resignation, the Vice President becomes President.B. If the President is temporarily incapacitated, the Vice President will temporarily perform the powers of the President after circulating a letter signed by the cabinet.

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Stated Powers of the President (pp.476-478)

1. Commander-in-Chief (a.k.a. “C.I.C.”) Leads military but

CANNOT declare war2. Appoint Department

Heads with Senate approval (majority vote)--Secretaries of State, Treasury, Defense, etc.

3. Power to grant:A. Reprieves—a post-

ponment of legal punishment

B. Pardons—a release from legal punishment

4. Make treaties with Senate approval (2/3 of Senate)

5. Appoint federal judges, Supreme Court Justices, ambassadors, etc. with Senate’s approval (majority vote for each person)

6. Give a State of the Union address to communicate with Congress.

Page 7: Executive branch Qualifications

Stated Powers of the President (pp.476-478)

7. Call Congress into Special Session—post 9/11 session of Congress to address situation

8. Receive foreign leaders and ambassadors

9. Commission all military officers—part of C.I.C. role to lead the military

10.Enforce laws as passed by Congress and ensure that they are carried out properly.

Page 8: Executive branch Qualifications

Inherent Powers of the President

Definition: powers that are NOT listed in the Constitution that have been assumed by Presidents as time as gone by

Examples of use:Washington—held cabinet

meetings, made foreign policyLincoln—blockaded southern

ports in the Civil WarFDR—expanded presidential

powers in economy during the New Deal

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Other PowersA. Military powers—many presidents have

used the military without a declaration of war from Congress. How far do presidents’ powers go in this area?

George H.W. Bush—Panama, Iraq, Somalia

Bill Clinton—Haiti, Bosnia

George W. Bush—Afghanistan, Iraq

B. Executive Order—issued by the President that have the effect of law

Barack Obama—closing of Guantanamo Bay terrorist prison

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Different Roles (“hats”) of the Presidency

Chief of State Ceremonial stuff to set

tone: Easter Egg Roll Opening Day--Baseball

Chief Executive Enforce law and make

policy decisions Administrative Head

Laws will be “faithfully executed”

Appoints officials 6000+ appointments

upon taking office Commander-in-Chief

(“C.I.C.”) Leads military but

CANNOT declare war

• Chief Diplomat– Foreign policy leader– Receives ambassadors,

signs treaties• Chief Legislator

– Signs or vetoes legislation

– “Suggests” bills• Political Party Leader

– Spokesperson/Fundraiser

• Economic Leader– Sets policies to improve

economy• Chief Citizen

– Moral leader…?

Page 11: Executive branch Qualifications

HOMEWORK- due Tomm

Pg. 489- recreate the chart, in your own words

6 roles Include function and examples

1 example of Obama doing eachhttp://teacher.scholastic.com/

scholasticnews/games_quizzes/president_roles/

Page 12: Executive branch Qualifications

SO YOU WANT TO BE POTUS!

To be President you have to be 35 years old, a natural born citizen of the U.S., and a resident of the U.S. for 14 years. Are you qualified?

Let’s pretend like you are!

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10 Easy Steps to Becoming President

Well, maybe not easy, but there are 10 of them.You're gonna need a lot of money, you're not

gonna get much sleep, you're gonna see WAY more of Iowa than you ever cared to see (nice people, though), and you're gonna have people calling you a: no-good, low-down, gun-totin' bible-thumpin' sonofagun if

you're a Republican. And if you're a Dem, they'll say you're a latte-sippin',

sushi-eatin', NYTimes-readin', Volvo-drivin' atheist. If it's not true, they'll still say it. And if it is true, you'll

need to hire a good spin-doctor.

The point is, get ready. It's gonna be a long ride.

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1. Ask Yourself the Question: "Would I make a good American President?"

Then ask your friends. Listen to what they say.If you get a good response from you friends, then

you may want to start testing the waters. If you've never held elected office, don't panic! Five U.S. Presidents had never been elected to anything before showing up at the White House. They are:

1. Zach Taylor, 2. Ulysses S. Grant, 3. Herby Hoover, 4. Ike Eisenhower, 5. Billy H. Taft

If you feel like you're ready to run, then maybe you should form a Presidential Exploratory Committee.

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2. The Enigmatic Presidential Exploratory Committee

Okay, so federal election law doesn't exactly require you to do this, but it's a good idea, unless you want to be a mysterious dark-horse candidate.

Most people think of this stage as "testing the waters". If everyone you ask for money tells you to go to hell, or laughs in your face, then you probably won't win. Don't get discouraged, though; you can always be in Congress.

Page 16: Executive branch Qualifications

3. Hire a staff, so you can say "I'll have my people call your people.”

You'll need to hire the following: 1. Campaign Manager - This person is in charge of everyday operations so

you can concentrate on projecting the image that you could run these United States.

2. Finance Team - Money, money, money. It's more expensive than ever to run for president. All those TV commercials, all the takes where you have to say, "I'm [your name here], and I approve this message". It's expensive. After you win the nomination, you'll also need a fancy-shmancy jumbo jet with your name painted on the fuselage. Because, you know, Air Force One is a SERIOUS advantage of incumbency. But let's not get ahead of ourselves.

3. Hair/Makeup - Ever since the first televised debates in 1960, Americans vote based on who has better hair. Let's be honest: you have to look good on TV. Americans don't want a homely president. Now you don't necessarily have to "fake bake" or get all Botoxy, but you do need to address those crow's feet, because let's face it, HDTV isn't hiding those bags under your eyes. Oh! And make sure you don't let some sneaky news crew film you combing your combover or plucking your brows. Americans want you to LOOK good, but don't want to see your toilette routine.

4. Communications Team - You'll need someone to plan your media strategy, and to clean up the mess when you say something stupid. This person should not be your spouse, even if s/he is used to telling people what you meant to say.

Page 17: Executive branch Qualifications

5. Political Team - The strategy people. You need a mantra, preferably that fits the following formula: "It's [blank], stupid." Acceptable blankfillers include "the economy", "security", etc. Pick the biggest thing that the current president is screwing up on, or that your opponent would suck at, and harp on it.

6. Advance Team - Before you're actually super-famous/assassination target, you want people to THINK you're a big deal. These people go to where you're going, only a day or two before to boss people around in the hotel you're staying in, the restaurants you'll be eating in, and just generally make life easier for you, and much harder for everyone else.

7. Foreign Policy Advisers - When you're POTUS, you'll actually need to know which Korea has nucs, where Burundi is on the map, and why Pakistan and India are so pissed at each other. And no, they're not fighting over an expensive fabric. If you're a democrat your foreign policy team should consist of university professors whose sole mode of transportation is bicycle. If you're a republican your advisers should smoke cigars and drink scotch. Oh, and they shouldn't be from CA or NY.

8. Field Team - These are the annoying people who call your home or show up at your front door, and say "If the election were held today...". If you live in a swing state, they're even more annoying, and if you live in Iowa, you may have killed one of them in a previous election year.

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4. Buy a plane ticket to Des Moines!

It's not that there's really anything special about Iowa politics. The Iowa caucus, though, is the first time in the election season that voters leave their homes to vote for a candidate. You need to show up in Iowa, with staff, welllllllll in advance of the caucuses, which are held in January of the election year. You've got to convince these disproportionately powerful Iowans that you're the right person for the job. They then show up to a caucus to support you. The process used by Democrats is quite different from (and more complicated than) the process the GOP uses.

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5. Stump around the country.

After you win the Iowa caucuses, you'll red-eye straight to New Hampshire. Try not to scream like a psycho if you win or lose in Iowa. After you win the NH primary, you'll want to head straight down to South Carolina (or Nevada I guess, but South Carolina is more important).

If you didn't do well in Iowa, and you're not exactly popular right now in New Hampshire, maybe head straight to South Carolina. So unless you're completely studly and you've wrapped up the nomination early on, you'll probably have to wait for "Super Tuesday" to call yourself the nominee. That's the day that 22 (or so) states have their primaries.

Typically, after this, it's a done deal, and you can worry about your opponent from the other party.

Page 20: Executive branch Qualifications

6. Pick a runningmate!

So you're gonna need a Vice-President. I know, I know, you'll do a FANTASTIC job as POTUS, but since you're kind of a target (gulp), or you could, like die, or get impeached, or resign, or get shot in the face on a hunting trip (oh wait), you'll need a wing-man (or woman, although that didn't work out so well the first time).

You're gonna want to pick someone to balance the ticket. You want to attract voters with your VP that you couldn't get otherwise. Here are some things to consider:

1. Geography. If you're from the West, or the Northeast, try getting someone from the South. Voters just LOVE Southern accents.

2. Experience. Are you a tad wet-behind-the-ears when it comes to foreign policy? Seem like a lightweight on defense? Maybe ask someone with some experience with these things to help out.

3. Skillz - Straight up. Your VP is expected to back you up 100%, and be your attack dog. So while the other side is doing their mud-slinging you can go around looking all presidential, not stooping to their level.

4. Smarts - Make sure this person is not an idiot, because it makes you look dumb.

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7. Start writing your speech, and blowing up balloons. It's Convention

Time.

Your party's national convention will be a lot of fun. Everyone there will just LOVE you, and think that you're going to be the next president, even if you don't have a prayer.

Make sure that when you accept your party's nomination for president, you have a good speech. Oh, and if you have kids, make sure they're not drunks or giggling idiots if they're going to give a speech before you. Humanizing you = good. Making you look like an inept parent who raised spoiled children = bad.

Just so you know, the whole reason for having primaries is so voters can elect delegates to go to your party's national convention to vote for you. So make sure to ask your campaign manager if you have enough delegate votes to win the nomination.

Congratulations! Now get ready to debate your opponent!

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8. Live from New York…

Okay you're GONNA get made fun of on Saturday Night Live. Just get used to it. Laugh at yourself.

I also forgot to mention that now, as your party's nominee, you are entitled to Secret Service protection and to Daily Intelligence Briefings from the C.I.A. This is to ensure that:

1. You don't get killed 2. That if you are elected, you know what

the hell you're doing, and what is going on in the world.

Try to pick a cool Secret Service Code Name, so that if it gets leaked, it's not wimpy-sounding.

Okay, now the DEBATES.

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Debates

Hire a good debate prep team. You'll need someone to pretend to be your opponent, so that they can say all the annoying stuff that you'll have to rail against. Make sure you have clear, articulate messages that average voters can understand and identify with.

You'll likely have three debates, and your runningmate will have one. One debate will focus on foreign policy, one will focus on domestic policy, and one will be a town-hall meeting where voters can ask questions.

You should try to be pretty folksy, smart but down home. Oh, and I hear it's important now for you to be the candidate that voters would rather invite to their BBQ.

Another thing to keep in mind for the debates: expectations. Always try to keep them low. This is easier if you're not very smart.

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9. Be gracious.

Election Day. Hopefully by about midnight Eastern time, you'll hear the good news: you're the new President-elect of the United States. CONGRATULATIONS!!!

By now your opponent will have called to concede, your exhausted staff will be almost drunk, and you'll need to get on TV, thank the American voters for putting their trust in you, and say something nice about that loser you were running against. "Now is the time for our nation to come together, Democrat or Republican, blah blah."

Party all night, because now you have to form a transition team. You need to appoint a cabinet, senior staff, and work with the lame duck president (fun to say) to make sure you're up to speed on all the problems his administration never fixed.

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10. January 20th - A Good Day

Don't forget to show up to the Capitol a few minutes before noon today. Everyone who's anyone will be there to hear what you've got in store for the next four years.

Your inauguration speech is super important. Hire a few people to write it, fill it with platitudes and sweeping metaphors, and make grandiose pledges. Don't forget that, as of now, you are running for re-election. Don't screw up! Or if you do, get all the bad ones out of the way in the first two years. Voters are pretty forgiving.

Make sure to go to the Inaugural balls that night, and then get some sleep. You've got a country to run.

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Things to Know Before & After You Are Elected

Federal Election Commission Now first things first. These folks are important during your campaign. You have to file

with them to say you're running, and tell them how much money you've raised and from whom it came. Oh, they also organize the presidential debates. DO NOT make them mad (look what happened to Al Gore). OH! And they also are in charge of assembling the electoral college, a real crazy time. We'll discuss later.

Commission on Presidential Debates Be nice to these people, too. They pick the debate moderators. So you can get a few

softballs, or you can get questions about your personal life and nuclear proliferation. You choose.

The U.S. House of Representatives Unfortunately, once you're elected, you have to work with these folks to get anything

done. If you mess up too badly, they just might impeach you, which SUCKS! Once they "write you up", they turn things over to their colleagues, the most exclusive club in the world, the U.S. Senate.

U.S. Senate You'll need to work with the Senate, too. IF you get impeached, the Senate tries you,

which sucks even more, because more people watch this than watched the O.J. trial. They air all the proverbial dirty laundry.

The Supreme Court Now if you REALLY mess up, these 9 jolly old robes might just say you're out of line;

and since they wear robes, they have the final say. (Note: The Chief Justice swears you in when you're inaugurated. Bring a coat. It's COLD in D.C. in January.)

Page 27: Executive branch Qualifications

HOMEWORK: Due tomorrow

Read PG 493 from your textbook.

Answer the following questions: 

1) What was the initial incident that caused the Watergate Scandal?2) How did it erupt into a scandal for President Nixon?3) Define Executive Privilege.4) What checks and balances are at work with this scenario?