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SNC 2D Formatted Pracatice Question for the Exam

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Practice exam with extra questions

1. Constantsc 3.0 108 m sPolyatomic ions

carbonateCO3-2

chlorateClO3-1

hydrogen carbonateHCO3-1

phosphatePO4-3

hydroxideOH-1

sulfateSO4-2

nitrateNO3-1

hydrogen sulfateHSO4-1

acetateCH3COO -1

ammoniumNH4+1

Water vapour in Saturated air at Standard Atmospheric PressureTemperature (oC) -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10Amount of water vapour (g/kg) 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.8 4.4 5.1 5.9 6.8 7.8

Temperature (oC) 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30Amount of water vapour (g/kg) 8.9 10.

111.6

13.2

15.0

17.0

19.2

21.7

24.6

27.7

Equations

n cv M

d i

d o

h i

h o 1

f 1d i

1d o

Q m c T

relative humidity actual water vapoursaturation amount 100%

Index of Refraction Table Specific Heat CapacitySubstance Index of

Refraction (n)Substance Specific Heat

Capacity Jg o C

Quartz 1.46 Wood 1.70Plexiglas 1.51 ice 2.10

Glass 1.52 sea water 3.90Crystal 1.54 water 4.18Zircon 1.92 granite 0.84

Diamond 2.42 copper 0.39

Part A Knowledge and Understanding ( 40%)

____ 2. According to the periodic table, which element most readily accepts electrons? a. Fluorine b. Nitrogen c. Arsenic d. Aluminum


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____ 3. In a periodic table, elements in the same vertical column have the same:a. number of valence electrons c. number of neutronsb. number of electrons d. number of protons

____ 4. Which of the figures shown here is the correct electron dot diagram for phosphorus

a. b. c. d.

____ 5. What is the charge on the anion in FePa. 3- b. 6- c. 3+ d. 2+

____ 6. Which of the following compound is an ionic compound?a. SO3 b. CH4 c. Li2O d. H2O

____ 7. Covalent (molecular) bonds are due to the:a. attraction between ions of opposite chargesb. gain or loss of electrons by atomsc. sharing of two electrons by two atomsd. transfer of electrons from one atom to another

____ 8. The group of elements that a has a full valence shell:a. metalloids c. noble gasesb. halogens d. akaline earth metals

____ 9. The valence shell of period 2 elements contains a maximum of how many electrons?a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8

____ 10. Which of the following is true of an endothermic reaction?a. things tend to feel hot as heat is releasedb. chemical explosionc. things tend to feel cold as heat is absorbedd. thermal energy is on the product side of a reaction

____ 11. Which of the following does not affect the rate of reaction?a. temperature b. concentration c. surface area d. texture

____ 12. A solution of silver nitrate is added to a solution of copper(II) iodide and a white precipitate forms. What type of reaction is this?a. decomposition c. single displacementb. synthesis d. double displacement

____ 13. When ammonium nitrite is heated, nitrogen gas and water are produced. What type of reaction is this?a. decomposition c. single displacementb. synthesis d. double displacement

____ 14. Which of the following has the same number of electrons as CI-

a. Li+ b. K+ c. S2+ d. S (no charge)


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____ 15. What method of heat transfer produces the global circulation of air and water on Earth?a. conduction b. convection c. radiation d. reflection

____ 16. The amount of water vapour in the air is known as:a. humidity c. drizzleb. temperature d. dew point

____ 17. Which of the follwoing would have characteristic cold, wet air?a. continental tropical c. maritime polarb. maritime tropical d. continental polar

____ 18. Where does most weather occur?a. stratosphere c. troposhpereb. mesosphere d. thermosphere

____ 19. Based on specific heat capacity, which of the following would NOT be a good conductor of heat?a. cork b. silver c. aluminum d. copper

____ 20. The most common gas in the atmosphere isa. carbon dioxide b. oxygen c. argon d. nitrogen

____ 21. Which of the following substances would take the longest to cool?a. ethanol b. toluene c. water d. gold

____ 22. Which process removes carbon dioxide from the air?a. respiration b. photosynthesis c. acid precipitation d. eutrophication

____ 23. How many electrons does phosphorus have in its valence energy level?a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

____ 24. In which of the following compounds will the bonding involve the sharing of electrons between atoms?a. Na2O b. N2O4 c. Nb2O3 d. NiO

____ 25. Which number completes the table correctly?

atomic orbit maximum number of electrons1 22 83 ?

a. 8 b. 10 c. 12 d. 20


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____ 26. Which diagram shows a lithium-6 atom?

a. Atom A b. Atom B c. Atom C d. Atom D

____ 27. The diagram represents a

a. polyatomic ion b. molecule c. ion d. none of the above

____ 28. Consider the following reaction:

Sn(NO3)4 + Na3PO4 Sn3(PO4)4 + ?

Which of the following is the name of the missing product?a. tin(IV) nitrate c. tin(IV) phosphateb. sodium phosphate d. sodium nitrate

____ 29. What would you do to balance the equation?

a. Add another water to the right side.b. Add another carbon dioxide to the right side.c. Add another oxygen to the left side.d. Add 2 carbon dioxides to the right side.


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____ 30. Which of the following liquids/solutions is most likely to have the highest pH?a. HCl(aq) b. H2CO3(aq) c. H2O(l) d. KOH(aq)

____ 31. Which of the following liquids/solutions is most likely to have the lowest pH?a. H2CO3(aq) b. H2O(l) c. KOH(aq) d. NaOH(aq)

____ 32. A solution is found to have an H+ ion concentration 10 000 times lower than that of pure water. Which of the following conclusions would correspond to this observation?a. a basic solution with a pH of 11 c. an acidic solution with a pH of 11b. an acidic solution with a pH of 3 d. a basic solution with a pH of 3

____ 33. Sodium hydrogen carbonate has carbonate as itsa. reaction b. salt c. ions d. anion

Use the following information to answer the next 3 questions.

Properties of Tested Solutions

Solution ConductivityEffect on redlitmus paper

Effect on bluelitmus paper pH

1 low none changed to red 32 high changed to blue none 133 high none none 74 high none changed to red 15 high none none 7

____ 34. Which solution is most likely NaOH(aq)?a. solution 1 b. solution 2 c. solution 3 d. solution 4

____ 35. Which solution is most likely HCl(aq)?a. solution 1 b. solution 2 c. solution 3 d. solution 4

____ 36. Which solution is most likely H2O?a. solution 2 b. solution 3 c. solution 4 d. solution 5

____ 37. According to the law of conservation of mass, how much zinc was present in the zinc carbonate?

a. 40 g b. 88 g c. 104 g d. 256 g


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____ 38. Which of these descriptors is not a characteristic of an image?a. size c. locationb. upright or inverted d. accommodation

____ 39. The image in a convex mirror is alwaysa. real and inverted. c. real and upright.b. virtual and inverted. d. virtual and upright.

____ 40. How is visible light different from all other forms of electromagnetic radiation?a. It has shorter wavelengths.b. It has longer wavelengths.c. It is made up of waves of many different wavelengths.d. It can be detected by the human eye.

____ 41. Which of the following is associated with heat?a. triboluminescence b. fluorescence c. phosphorescence d. incandescence

____ 42. Which of the following is luminous?a. a tree b. the Moon c. a pond d. a flame

____ 43. Why do cars reflected in a side-view mirror appear to be farther away than they actually are?a. The car is moving at high speed.b. The image is formed alongside the car rather than behind it.c. The image is reduced, and things look smaller as they move farther away.d. They don’t; they appear to be closer than they are.

____ 44. The critical angle is the angle of incidence that produces a refracted anglea. equal to the incident angle c. of 90 degreesb. of 180 degrees d. greater than the incident angle

____ 45. Refraction ...a. can be transformed into chemical energy, electrical energy, or thermal energy.b. allows no light to pass through it.c. is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.d. occurs when light bounces off a surface.

____ 46. If the water outside your boat appears to be about 2 meters deep, you can be sure thata. it is actually 2 metres deepb. it is actually less than 2 metres deepc. it is actually more than 2 metres deepd. light won’t reach the bottom


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____ 47. Jerome is a 14-year-old Grade 10 student. Lately he has noticed that he has trouble focussing on the letters and words on the chalkboard. He decides to visit the eye doctor to get some advice. The doctor draws this diagram to show Jerome's eye condition. What name does the doctor give for Jerome's condition?

a. near-sightedness c. presbyopiab. far-sightedness d. chromatic aberration

____ 48. The film in a camera and the _______________________ in an eye perform a similar function.a. retina b. optic nerve c. lens d. iris

____ 49. If both faces of a lens are convex, what kind of lens is it?a. divergingb. convergingc. Not enough information is given.d. none of the above

____ 50. The nucleus of a cell containsa. chromosomes c. eggsb. stored food d. fibres

____ 51. The cell membrane a. has no function that is known. c. is responsible for starting mitosis.b. controls what substances enter the cell. d. has a thick cuticle around the outside.

____ 52. The chromosomes are aligned across the centre of the cell duringa. prophase. c. anaphase.b. metaphase. d. telophase.

____ 53. A prokaryotic cella. lacks a nucleus c. is larger then a eukaryotic cellb. lacks a cell membrane d. consist of multicellular organisms

____ 54. Which organelle is present in the cells of a tree but not present in the cells of a human?a. nucleus c. endoplasmic reticulumb. vacuole d. chloroplast

____ 55. Which organelle makes energy available to the cell?a. nucleus c. mitochondriab. vacuole d. cell membrane


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____ 56. Cell differentiation describes thea. colour change in fall leaves. c. specialization of cells for different

functions.b. height of different species of pine trees. d. different leaf shapes found on trees.

____ 57. The cuticle helps the leaf bya. letting carbon dioxide into the leaf. c. keeping insects out.b. reducing water loss. d. attracting pollinators.

____ 58. Guard cells controla. the insects that might enter a plant. c. the amount of sap that gets into a leaf.b. the openings in leaves called stomata. d. the size of a leaf.

____ 59. The tiny root hairs a. give the root a better grip on the soil.b. are a disease caused by fungi living on the root.c. are only found on seedlings and disappear when the plant is an adult.d. increase the surface area so the plant can absorb more water.

____ 60. The tongue, esophagus, and intestines of a human would all be considered parts of a(n)a. organ b. organ system c. tissue system d. team

____ 61. Which system is shown in the worm below?

a. digestive b. respiratory c. musculoskeletal d. circulatory

____ 62. Photosynthesis uses which of the following to produce glucose and oxygen?a. light energy b. water c. carbon dioxide d. all of the above

____ 63. Gases enter and exit the leaf through thea. cuticle b. stomata c. guard cells d. chloroplast

____ 64. Maple leaves are thin and wide so thata. they don’t break when animals walk by. c. the wind does not blow them off.b. more water can escape. d. they can capture more light.

Match the chemical equations to the reaction types.a. synthesis c. single displacementb. decomposition d. double displacement

____ 65. F2(aq) 2 KI(aq) I2(aq) 2 KF(aq)


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____ 66. 2 PbO2(s) 2 PbO(s) O2(g)

____ 67. H2(g) Cl2(g) 2 HCl(g)

____ 68. FeS(s) 2 HCl(aq) H2S(g) FeCl2(aq)

Match each section of the electromagnetic spectrum with its name.a. a e. eb. b f. fc. c g. gd. d

____ 69. visible light

____ 70. X-rays

____ 71. radio waves

____ 72. gamma rays

____ 73. microwaves

____ 74. infrared light

____ 75. ultraviolet light


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Match each organelle with the correct location in the drawing below.

a. nucleus f. endoplasmic reticulumb. nuclear membrane g. vacuolec. cytoplasm h. ribosomed. cell membrane i. mitochondrione. Golgi body

____ 76. 1

____ 77. 2

____ 78. 3

____ 79. 4

____ 80. 5

____ 81. 6

____ 82. 7

____ 83. 8

____ 84. 9

Identify the term that best matches the definition or statement given.a. mitochondrion d. cell membraneb. cell wall e. chloroplastc. nucleus

____ 85. makes sugar and oxygen from water, carbon dioxide, and sunlight

____ 86. contains the chromosomes

____ 87. releases energy in the cell

____ 88. provides support for the cell

____ 89. controls what enters the cell


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90. Sketch a cross section of a leaf and include the following cells, labelled in the sketch: spongy cells, air spaces, pallisade cells, guard cells, upper and lower epidermal cells, stomata. (4 marks)

91. Label the following diagram (4 marks)

Part B Inquiry and Investigation (40%)

92. Describe the meaning of the law of conservation of mass. (2 marks)

93. Propane burns in air to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapour. Write the word equation for this chemical reaction. (2 marks)

94. Define an acid in your own words. Describe the most important properties of acids. (2 marks)

95. What is meant by the term apparent depth - (include a diagram in your answer)? (3 marks)

96. Animal cells are different from plant cells. List three differences. (3 marks)

97. How are osmosis and simple diffusion similar? (2 marks)

98. Generalize why the circulatory system is important with regard to the digestive system of a living organism. (2 marks)

99. Make a series of sketches outlining the steps of mitosis. Show the chromosomes, spindle fibres, and nucleus where appropriate. (4 marks)

100. Why is a leaf’s design important to the life of a plant? (2 marks)


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101. In vascular bundles, the xylem cells lie near the centre and the phloem cells are away from the centre.

a) What is the function of xylem cells? What is the function of phloem cells? (1 marks)

b) How is the structure of the xylem cell different from the structure of the phloem cell and how do their structures support their function? (2 marks)

102. Balance the following equations. Show your work for part marks. (6 marks)a) Fe + Cl2 FeCl3 b) Ca + H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2

c) KMnO4 K2O + MnO + O2

103. The three types of heat transfer are conduction, convection and radiation.a) Define each type of energy transfer. (3 marks)b) Explain how each type of heat transfer can be used in a household appliance. (6 marks)

104. Determine the amount of heat energy required to lower the temperature of a pool of water from 28oC to 0 oC if the mass of the water is 18 500 kg.

105. Draw a 3 step bonding diagram for the compound NH3 and a 3 step bonding diagram for the compound Li2O. (6 marks)

106. Balance the following formula equations. (9 marks)

a) Al(s) CuCl2(aq) AlCl3(aq) Cu(s)

b) Fe2O3(s) CO(g) Fe(s) CO2(g)

c) ZnS(s) O2(g) ZnO(s) SO2(g)

107. Naming (4 marks)For each compound, write the correct chemical formula on the answer sheet.

a) calcium flouride ___________ b) carbon disulfide ___________

c) berylium oxide ___________ d) dichlorine monoxide ___________

108. Naming (4 marks)For each of the following formulas, write the chemical name on the answer sheet.

a) MgS ___________________________ b) CCl4 __________________________

c) CO ___________________________ d) Na2SO4 ______________________


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109. A concave mirror has a focal length of 20 cm. An object with a height of 5 cm is placed 30 cm from the mirror. (5 marks)

a) Calculate the image distance.

b) Calculate the image height.

110. a) Calculate the speed of light in zircon. (3 marks)b) In which medium, in the provided table on the index of refraction, is the speed of light the fastest and in which medium is it the slowest?

111. Estimate the size of the cell in the drawing. Show all the steps to your estimate for full marks. (3 marks)

112. Use the laws of reflection to locate and draw the reflected image.


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113.

Complete the diagram above by doing the following.

• Draw a ray diagram to show the image seen. Use solid lines to represent the light rays. Use dotted lines to represent any lines that extend beyond the mirror to the image. Include direction arrows to show the light's path.

• Label the mirror, image, and object.

What do the direction arrows show?

114. Draw a ray diagram to show formation of an image in the example below. State the characteristics of the image formed.


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115. Draw a ray diagram to show formation of an image in the example below. State the characteristics of the image formed.

116. A concave mirror has a focal length of 10 cm. An object with a height of 5 cm is placed 20 cm from the mirror.



117. Draw a ray diagram to show the image of the object that is formed by the converging lens.

118. An object 5-cm tall is placed 20 cm from a converging lens with a focal length of 10 cm.



c) State the image characteristics.


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Part C Application (20%)

119. You have been hired to write the next episode of “The Magic School Bus” The producer wants you to provide an outline for how a water molecule in the Pacific Ocean ends up in a mountain stream. Indicate at least 4 critical stages, using proper science terms for each stage, in the journey of the water molecule. (8 marks)

120. Use the following table to answer the questions below. (4 marks)

Valence Electron TableElement Number of valence electrons

S 4T 1U 8V 5W 2X 7Y 3Z 6

Which element has a 1+ charge when it forms an ion?

Which elements are metals?

Which elements are non-metals?

Which element is a noble gas?

When ions of elements W and Z combine to form a compound, what is the formula of the compound?


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121. This graph shows the economic burden of various diseases and of injuries in Canada.

a) What is meant by the term economic burden? (1 marks)

b) Which type of disease creates the least economic burden? (1 marks)

c) Which type of disease creates the greatest economic burden? (1 marks)d) Health Canada promotes wellness and healthy living. What does this data above suggest should be the

health priority for Canadians? Explain your reasoning. (2 marks)

122. Now that you have finished the unit on optics, explain what is meant by : “We see the world through lenses.” (4 marks)

123. Describe an example of partial reflection and refraction from your everyday life. (2 marks)

124. State one common use of a concave mirror and one use of a convex mirror. (2 marks)

125. How could you find F, the focus of a converging mirror? (2 marks)

126. How is an image in a plane mirror different from an image in a converging mirror? (2 marks)

127. What adaptations might a plant have that grows in cold, windy locations? (2 marks)

128. Maple leaves have stomata on the bottom. The top of each leaf is covered with a cuticle layer.

A water lily is an aquatic plant with floating leaves.

How will the dermal tissue of a water lily leaf differ from that of a maple leaf and why? (3 marks)


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129.

Hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, is a colourless compound of hydrogen and oxygen. It is a weak acid that boils at 103°C and freezes at –15°C. Pure hydrogen peroxide is fairly stable, but it decomposes into water and oxygen when heated above 80°C. Three percent hydrogen peroxide solutions are commonly sold in drug stores for washing cuts and scrapes. When hydrogen peroxide is poured on a cut, a foam appears. Blood and damaged cells contain an enzyme, called catalase, that reacts with hydrogen peroxide to produce water and oxygen gas.

a) Write a balanced chemical equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.

b) What characteristics of hydrogen peroxide are similar to the characteristics of water?

c) What characteristics of hydrogen peroxide are different from the characteristics of water?

d) What safety precautions should be taken when storing and using hydrogen peroxide?

130. In plants, a process called photosynthesis occurs within leaf structures called chloroplasts. Carbon dioxide is taken in from the air, and water is absorbed through the roots of a plant. The chloroplasts use sunlight to convert these raw materials into glucose, C6H12O6, and oxygen. The glucose is used as a food source and the oxygen is released into the air. The following equation represents this process. 6CO2(g) + 6H2O(g) C6H12O6(aq) + 6O2(g)

a) Explain how the law of conservation of mass applies to the process of photosynthesis.

b) Identify the types of bonds in the reactants and the products, and explain how the bonds in the products are formed during photosynthesis.

ID: A

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Practice exam with extra questionsAnswer Section

1. ANS: none

PTS: 1 2. ANS: A PTS: 1 3. ANS: A PTS: 1 4. ANS: C PTS: 1 5. ANS: A PTS: 1 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 7. ANS: C PTS: 1 8. ANS: C PTS: 1 9. ANS: D PTS: 1 10. ANS: C PTS: 1 11. ANS: D PTS: 1 12. ANS: D PTS: 1 13. ANS: A PTS: 1 14. ANS: B PTS: 1 15. ANS: B PTS: 1 16. ANS: A PTS: 1 17. ANS: C PTS: 1 18. ANS: C PTS: 1 19. ANS: A PTS: 1 20. ANS: D PTS: 1 21. ANS: C PTS: 1 22. ANS: B PTS: 1 23. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.2

TOP: 4.1 MSC: K/U 24. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.8

TOP: 4.1 MSC: K/U 25. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 5.4 Patterns and the Periodic Table

LOC: C3.8 MSC: What Do You Remember? 26. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 5.4 Patterns and the Periodic Table

LOC: C3.8 MSC: Solve a Problem 27. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 5.9 Polyatomic Ions

LOC: C3.8 MSC: What Do You Understand? 28. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.5

TOP: 5 MSC: K/U 29. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: T/I

OBJ: 6.4 Information in Chemical Equations LOC: E3.4MSC: Solve a Problem

30. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.1 MSC: K/U

ID: A

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31. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.1 MSC: K/U

32. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.2 MSC: K/U

33. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 7.5 Neutralization ReactionsLOC: C3.6 MSC: What Do You Remember?

34. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.1 MSC: T/I

35. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.1 MSC: T/I

36. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.7TOP: 6.1 MSC: T/I

37. ANS: C PTS: 1 38. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.3

TOP: 10.2 MSC: K/U 39. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.3

TOP: 10.4 MSC: K/U 40. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: T/I OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?

LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember? 41. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.2 How Is Light Produced?

LOC: E3.1 MSC: What Do You Remember? 42. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.2 How Is Light Produced?

LOC: E3.1 MSC: What Do You Remember? 43. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.9 Reflections in Curved Mirrors

LOC: E3.3 MSC: What Do You Understand? 44. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 12.5 Total Internal Reflection

LOC: E3.7 MSC: What Do You Remember? 45. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.7

TOP: 11.1 MSC: K/U 46. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: A

OBJ: 12.7 Phenomena Related to Refraction LOC: E3.8MSC: What Do You Understand?

47. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E1.1TOP: 12.3 MSC: K/U

48. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E1.1TOP: 12.3 MSC: K/U

49. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: T/I OBJ: 13.1 Lenses and the Formation of Images LOC: E3.5MSC: Create and Evaluate

50. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3TOP: 1.1 MSC: K/U

51. ANS: B PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.2TOP: 1.1 MSC: K/U


ID: A

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53. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.1 MSC: What Do You Remember?

54. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B3.3 MSC: What Do You Understand?

55. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.1 MSC: What Do You Remember?

56. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.2TOP: 2.1 MSC: K/U



59. ANS: D PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3TOP: 2.2 MSC: K/U

60. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 3.1 The Hierarchy of Structure in Animals LOC: B3.3MSC: What Do You Understand?

61. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 3.3 The Digestive SystemLOC: B3.4 MSC: What Do You Remember?

62. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 4.1 Systems in PlantsLOC: B3.4 MSC: What Do You Remember?

63. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 4.4 Tissues Working TogetherLOC: B3.4 MSC: What Do You Remember?


65. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 6.6 Types of Chemical Reactions: Single and Double DisplacementLOC: C3.5 MSC: What Do You Understand?

66. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 6.6 Types of Chemical Reactions: Single and Double DisplacementLOC: C3.5 MSC: What Do You Understand?

67. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 6.6 Types of Chemical Reactions: Single and Double DisplacementLOC: C3.5 MSC: What Do You Understand?

68. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 6.6 Types of Chemical Reactions: Single and Double DisplacementLOC: C3.5 MSC: What Do You Understand?

69. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

70. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

71. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

72. ANS: G PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

ID: A

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73. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

74. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

75. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 11.1 What Is Light?LOC: E3.2 MSC: What Do You Remember?

76. ANS: C PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

77. ANS: E PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

78. ANS: D PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

79. ANS: I PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

80. ANS: G PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

81. ANS: A PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

82. ANS: B PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

83. ANS: F PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

84. ANS: H PTS: 1 REF: K/U OBJ: 2.1 Plant and Animal CellsLOC: B2.3 MSC: What Do You Remember?

85. ANS: E PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3TOP: 1.1 MSC: K/U

86. ANS: C PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3TOP: 1.1 MSC: K/U

87. ANS: A PTS: 1 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3TOP: 1.1 MSC: K/U



90. ANS: e

PTS: 1 91. ANS:

s

PTS: 1

ID: A

5

92. ANS: In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the products is always the same as thetotal mass of the reactants.

PTS: 1 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.2 TOP: 4.3MSC: K/U

93. ANS: propane + oxygen carbon dioxide + water


94. ANS: Sample answer: Acids are substances that create H+ ions in solution. Acids react readily with metals. Acids undergo neutralization reactions with carbonates and other bases. Acids turn blue litmus paper red. Though acids are molecular compounds, they conduct electricity in solution. Acids taste sour and can be caustic.

PTS: 1 REF: C OBJ: 7.2 Properties, Names, and FormulasLOC: C3.1 MSC: Create and Evaluate

95. ANS: Apparent depth is an optical effect in which the image of an object appears closer than the object.

PTS: 2 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.8 TOP: 11.3MSC: K/U

96. ANS: 1. Animal cells have a different shape and a smaller vacuole.2. Plant cells have a rigid cell wall on the outside. 3. Plant cells have chloroplasts inside.

PTS: 3 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.2 TOP: 1.1MSC: K/U

97. ANS: They both proceed from an area of higher concentration to one of a lower concentration.

PTS: 1 REF: A OBJ: 2.3 The Importance of Cell DivisionLOC: B2.1 MSC: What Do You Understand?

98. ANS: The circulatory system delivers the nutrients processed in the digestive system throughout the organism, essentially making sure the entire organism is fed.

PTS: 1 REF: T/I OBJ: 3.11 Interactions of SystemsLOC: B3.5 MSC: Solve a Problem

ID: A

6

99. ANS: For example,

PTS: 5 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.1 TOP: 1.3MSC: C

100. ANS: A leaf is designed to be wide and thin, which produces a large surface area for absorbing light. The plant needs to absorb light energy in order to create its own food through photosynthesis.

PTS: 1 REF: T/I OBJ: 4.4 Tissues Working TogetherLOC: B3.4 MSC: What Do You Understand?

101. ANS: a) The xylem cell is dead. It is empty, but reinforced with lignin. The phloem cells are porous and connected

into long tubes. (3 marks)b) Water moves through the xylem cells. Sap moves through the phloem tubes.

PTS: 4 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3 TOP: 2.1MSC: K/U

102. ANS: a) 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 b) Ca + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + H2

c) 4 KMnO4 2K2O + 4MnO + 5 O2

PTS: 1

ID: A

7

103. ANS: conduction, convection, radiationradiation - sunconduction blanket and top layer of waterconvection - water

PTS: 1 104. ANS:

f

PTS: 1 105. ANS:

PTS: 4 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C2.3 | 3.2 TOP: 4.1MSC: K/U | T/I

106. ANS: a)


107. ANS: d

PTS: 1 108. ANS:

s

PTS: 1 109. ANS:

a) 20 cm

b) 5 cm

PTS: 6 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 | E3.3 TOP: 10.3MSC: T/I

ID: A

8

110. ANS: s

PTS: 1 111. ANS:

f

PTS: 1 112. ANS:

Look for the following in student drawings: points in the reflection should be equidistant from the four points on the original "F" on opposite side of mirror.

PTS: 4 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.3 TOP: 10.2MSC: C

113. ANS:

The direction arrows show that some light rays reflect from the plane mirror into the observer's eye.

PTS: 13 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E3.3 TOP: 10.2MSC: T/I | C

ID: A

9

114. ANS:

Image characteristics:Type: virtualLocation: behind mirrorSize: larger than objectOrientation: upright

PTS: 8 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 | E3.3 TOP: 10.3MSC: T/I | C

115. ANS:

Image characteristics:Size: larger than objectLocation: beyond C (greater than object)Type: realOrientation: inverted

PTS: 8 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 | E3.3 TOP: 10.3MSC: T/I | C

ID: A

10

116. ANS: a) 20 cm

b) 5 cm

PTS: 6 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 | E3.3 TOP: 10.3MSC: T/I

117. ANS: Diagram includes all of the following:

PTS: 8 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 TOP: 12.2MSC: T/I

ID: A

11

118. ANS:

a) 1d i

1f 1

d o

110 cm 1

20 cm 220 cm 1

20 cm

120 cm

d i 20 cm

The image is 20 cm from the lens.

b) h i

h od i

d o

h i d i

h o

d o

20 cm 5 cm 5 cm 20 cm

The image height is –20 cm.

c) inverted, real

PTS: 6 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E2.5 | E3.5 TOP: 12.2MSC: K/U | T/I

119. ANS: evaporationconvectioncondensation - cloud formationorographic cloudrain/snow

PTS: 1 120. ANS:

g

PTS: 1

ID: A

12

121. ANS: a) The term economic burden describes the collective cost to the government of treatment, hospital costs,

doctor costs, loss of time at work, etc.

b) Blood diseases (such as hemophilia, pernicious anemia) create the least economic burden.

c) Cardiovascular diseases create the greatest economic burden.

d) The health priority for Canadians should possibly be heart health, since the category of diseases that creates the greatest economic burden is probably the one that affects the most Canadians. It is possible, however, that one of the other types of disease is more common or kills more people but just involves much lower medical costs and lost work time. For example, many Canadians die from lung cancer, a respiratory disease, so preventing lung cancer is also a health priority for Canadians.

PTS: 6 OBJ: 1-2 STA: A1.8 | B1.3 TOP: 3.3MSC: T/I

122. ANS: Sample answer: Our eyes have lenses and work in a very similar manner to a camera. We see the world through these camera-like devices. However, as I learned in the chapter, it is really the brain that does the seeing. The eye is just a device for capturing light and sending it to the brain to be interpreted.

PTS: 1 OBJ: 13.1 Lenses and the Formation of Images LOC: E1.1 MSC: Reflect on Your Learning

123. ANS: Sample answer: When I look at the window, I can see the schoolyard outside and also a reflection of the classroom.

PTS: 1 OBJ: 12.1 What Is Refraction? LOC: E3.4MSC: Reflect on Your Learning

124. ANS: Answers will vary; for each mirror, accept any one of:• concave: cosmetic mirror, telescope• convex: side-view mirror on a car, security devices

PTS: 2 OBJ: 4-1 STA: E1.2 TOP: 10.3 | 10.4MSC: K/U

125. ANS: Sample Answer: Place an object on the principal axis outside of C. Then slowly move in watching the image get larger and larger until it suddenly disappears. The distance at which the image disappears marks the location of F.

PTS: 1 REF: C OBJ: 11.9 Images in Curved MirrorsLOC: E2.1 MSC: Create and Evaluate

ID: A

13

126. ANS: The image in a plane mirror is virtual—it appears to be behind the mirror, but no light actually comes from the apparent location of the image to your eyes. The image in a converging mirror is real—if you held up a screen the image would appear on the screen.

PTS: 1 REF: C OBJ: 11.7 Images in Plane MirrorsLOC: E3.3 MSC: Create and Evaluate

127. ANS: They have short stems and small leaves to better withstand the wind. They reproduce quickly to ensure survival.

PTS: 1 REF: T/I OBJ: 4.4 Tissues Working TogetherLOC: B3.4 MSC: What Do You Understand?

128. ANS: The water lily leaf will have stomata on the top side, open to the air. Underneath, the plant is in water, so there is no danger of water loss from the bottom side of the leaf.

PTS: 2 OBJ: 1-1 STA: B3.3 TOP: 2.1MSC: A

129. ANS: a) Balanced equation: 2H2O2(l) 2H2O(g) + O2(g)

b) Like water, hydrogen peroxide is a colourless liquid at room temperature. As well, it is made up of two elements: hydrogen and oxygen.

c) Unlike water, hydrogen peroxide is an acid. It has a higher boiling point (103°C) than water, and it has a lower freezing point (–15°C) than water.

d) Hydrogen peroxide must be stored in a cool place, away from a heat source. When it decomposes, oxygen forms, so there is a danger of explosion if it is exposed to flames. Hydrogen peroxide may irritate the skin.

8 marks—2 marks for each answer in (a) to (d).

PTS: 8 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C3.5 TOP: 5.3MSC: T/I

ID: A

14

130. ANS: All the reactants are accounted for in the products. There are 6 carbons, 18 oxygens, and 12 hydrogens in the reactants. There is the same number of each type atoms in the products. Thus, matter is conserved in this chemical reaction.

5 marks – 3 marks for calculating the number of each type of atom and 2 marks for the explanationAll the bonds present are covalent bonds. The covalent bonds between the carbon atom and the two oxygen atoms of carbon dioxide are broken, and the covalent bonds between the two hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom in water are also broken. When the products are formed, new covalent bonds between atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen result in two new molecules (glucose and oxygen).

4 marks – 1 mark for identifying the type of bond and 3 marks for explaining how the bonds break and reform to make molecules of the products

PTS: 5 OBJ: 2-1 STA: C1.1 | 1.2 TOP: 4-3MSC: C | A

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