Hostastat®* HS 1Hostastat®* HS 1

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> Antistatic agent

> Antistatic agent

Hostastat®* HS 1

Contents

Product range 2

Applications internal 4external 4in PVC 5in styrenics 6in PE-LD 8in engineering plastics 9

Safety data 13

Position under food regulations 13

Transport and storage 15

General information

Hostastat HS 1 is incorporated intoplastics as an internal antistatic agent or applied as an external antistat to avoid the negative effects of electro-static charges (e.g. attraction of dust, static discharge,splashing of printing inks).

2

Product range

Hostastat HS 1, a sodium alkane sulfonate, is supplied as> Hostastat HS 1 FF (free flowing),

pale yellow fine grain

> Hostastat HS 1 Pills, yellowish granules

> Hostastat HS 1 Pills Zn, yellowishgranules coated with Zn-stearate as an anti tacking agent to preventsticking of the granules

3

Due to the manufacturing process,Hostastat HS 1 is free from chlorideions. Hostastat HS 1 does thereforenot contain sodium chloride which has negative properties by causingburned spots in polymer articles.

The specifications contained in thefollowing tables conform to our lateststate of knowledge and are guaranteedby continuous quality control. Further-more, we monitor other applicationproperties, which cannot be expressedas technical specifications.

This quality control ensures maximumreliability for processing and use ofHostastat HS 1.

The management system of the Busi-ness Unit Additives received certifi-cation from the German Associationfor the Certification of ManagementSystems (DQS), indicating that therequirements of DIN EN ISO 9001:2000and DIN EN ISO 14001:1996 have been entirely fulfilled.

For determination of the following product data the DGF and DIN-ISOmethods are applied. Small deviationsmay be found if the ASTM standardsare applied.

“DGF Testing Methods” can be obtainedfrom: Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesell-schaft mbH, Birkenwaldstrasse 44, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany.

Delivery specificationsAlkane sulphonate [%] ≥ 90Paraffin [%] ≤ 1Sodium sulphate [%] 4-6Water [%] ≤ 1

General propertiesThese data do not constitute part ofthe delivery specifications.

Melting point [°C] approx. 220Bulk density [g/l] ~ 630 for pills

~ 690 for FF

Test methodsMelting point [°C] DIN 53 181Bulk density [g/l] DGF-H-II 2 b (65)Alkan sulphonate [%] DIN-ISO 2271Paraffin [%] ISO 893 resp. 1104

(pentane extraction)Sodium sulphate [%] DGF-H-III 8Water [%] DIN 53715

Due to its high hygroscopicityHostastat HS 1 should be used asquickly as possible and partially emptied containers should be care-fully resealed after use (cfr. fig. 1).

Figure 1: Water absorption depending on the time. Water absorption at 50 °C, 85 % rel, humidity.

1 2 3

Days

Abs

orpt

ion

[%]

40

20

0

4

Application

Hostastat HS 1 as internal antistatic agentDue to the high insulating propertiesof most polymers they are prone toelectrostatic charge accumulation.

To facilitate dissipation of the charge,antistatic agents are incorporated.

The effectiveness of an internal anti-static agent incorporated in the meltprimarily depends on its molecularstructure. This determines propertiesvital to the antistatic effect such aspolarity and migration. The long-chainaliphatic groups in the Hostastat HS 1molecule impart the required migra-tion property to polar plastics whilethe polar group is responsible for theirhygroscopic behaviour, by formationof a conductive layer with atmosphericmoisture. The ionic character of thepolar group leads to high conductivityof the surface film with Hostastat HS 1under atmospheric moisture.

The antistatic properties depend –besides the chemical composition ofthe antistatic agent and the particularprocessing method also very stronglyon the temperature and the air humi-dity. The glass transition temperatureof the plastic has an impact on theachievable antistatic effect. In case ofpolymers with glass transition temper-ature ranges considerably above roomtemperature, permanent migration ofantistatic agent throughout the servicelife of the articles does not generallytake place.

Hostastat HS 1 as external antistatic agentHostastat HS 1 is preferably used asan internal antistatic agent for polarplastics. Where incorporation into thepolymer is not possible it can also beapplied to the surface of the finishedarticle (by spraying or dipping) in form

of a 1 % aqueous solution of HostastatHS 1 pills (which are dissolved to forma clear solution). In order to assure ahomogeneous distribution of HostastatHS 1 on the surface of the finishedarticle, we recommend the additionaluse of 0.1 % of a flow control agentbased on polyvinyl alcohol.

Sn-stabilized Pb-stabilized Ca/Zn-stabilized

1015

1012

10 9

without 1.0 phr * 2.0 phr *

Surf

ace

resi

stiv

ity [Ω

]

Figure 2: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in rigid PVC, using different stabilizers, according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm pressed sheets, stored 3 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without(> 180 sec)

0.5 phr 1.0 phr

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 3: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in tin stabilized rigid PVC.Test specimen: 1 mm sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

*phr = Parts per hundred resin

40

20

0

5

Hostastat HS 1 in PVCHostastat HS 1 is widely used as aninternal antistatic agent for PVC. Forthis application Hostastat HS 1 FF ispreferred. Since Hostastat HS 1 causeshazing of transparent polymers in theusual quantities of 1.0 phr* to 1.5 phr,its main use is in the manufacture of opaque PVC calendered films. Fig. 2 shows the antistatic effect ofHostastat HS 1 in PVC depending ondifferent stabilizers.

For antistatic modification of thick-walled extruded and injection mouldedarticles made from rigid PVC, internalantistatic agents are less effective in the usual amounts (< 2 phr). We recommend either the externalapplication of Hostastat HS 1 pills as asolution or the incorporation of 2-3 phrHostastat HS 1 to achieve sufficientantistatic effects.

In plasticized PVC, Hostastat HS 1 is used in amounts of 1 phr to 2 phr.Hazing occurs at concentrations higher than 0.3 phr.

In order to produce transparent rigidPVC articles, the addition of HostastatHS 1 should not exceed 0.3 phr. A combination of 0.3 phr Hostastat HS 1with 1.0 phr Hostastat FE 20 has provedsuccessful to maintain transparency(cfr. fig. 4).

0.0/1.5 0.5/1.0 1.0/0.5 1.5/0.0

… phr Hostastat FE 20/… phr Hostastat HS 1

Surf

ace

resi

stiv

ity [Ω

]

Figure 4: Surface resistance of different combinations of Hostastat HS 1 and Hostastat FE 20 in rigid PVC (tin stabilized).Test specimen: 1 mm sheets, stored 3 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

10 12

10 10

10 8

*phr = Parts per hundred resin

As with all internal antistatic agents,too high addition rates can lead tooverlubrification. The additional lubrication effect of Hostastat HS 1therefore should be observed.

Hostastat HS 1 in combination withHostastat FE 20 in rigid PVCThe combination of Hostastat HS 1with Hostastat FE 20 is preferred inorder to maintain the transparency of PVC applications.

The impairing influence of HostastatHS 1 on the transparency of rigid PVC,e.g. PVC film is shown in figure 5.

Tran

spar

ency

[s]

Figure 5: Transparency of different combinations of Hostastat FE 20 and Hostastat HS 1.

100

50

00.0/1.5 0.5/1.0 1.0/0.5 1.5/0.0

… phr Hostastat FE 20/… phr Hostastat HS 1

2.0 mm 1.0 mm 0.5 mm

6

Figure 8: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in PS-GP according to DIN 53482. Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without 2.0 phr 3.0 phr

1015

1012

10 9

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Hostastat HS 1 in semi-rigid PVCIn semi-rigid PVC the antistatic perfor-mance of Hostastat HS 1 is remarkablygood. The individual performance isdepending on the stabilisation systemand the plasticiser content (fig. 6).

Hostastat HS 1 in plasticized PVCBesides Hostastat HS 1, alsoHostastat FE 20 can be recommendedas an alternative in plasticised PVCdepending on the stabilisation systemand plasticiser content (fig. 7).

Hostastat HS 1 in styrenic polymersAnother important application for Hostastat HS 1 is the use as an antistatic agent in polystyrene. With an average amount of 2-3 phrHostastat HS 1 is also suitable for PS-Compounds.

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Figure 7: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 and Hostastat FE 20 in plasticized PVC according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm pressed sheets, stored 3 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

10 12

10 10

10 8

Sn-stabilized Pb-stabilized Ca/Zn-stabilized

without 1.0 phr HS 1 2.0 phr HS 1 1.0 phr FE 20 2.0 phr FE 20

Figure 6: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in semi rigid PVC according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm pressed sheets, stored 3 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

Sn-stabilized Pb-stabilized Ca/Zn-stabilized

10 15

10 12

10 9

without 1.0 phr 2.0 phr

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

7

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 9: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in PS-GP.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

40

20

0without

(> 180 sec)2.0 phr 3.0 phr

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 11: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in PS-HI.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

40

20

0

Figure 10: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in PS-HI according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without 2.0 phr 3.0 phr

without(> 180 sec)

2.0 phr 3.0 phr

1015

1012

10 9

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

If the incorporation of Hostastat HS 1is not possible because of the intendedprocessing equipment, ClariantMasterbatch Division offers a granu-lated masterbatch consisting ofHostastat HS 1 and polystyrene underthe designation CESAstar ® 3301.

The addition of Hostastat HS 1 in amounts > 0.3 phr causes hazing in transparent PS articles.

Figs. 8-11 show the antistatic effect of Hostastat HS 1 in PS and PS-HI.

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 13: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in ABS.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

60

30

0without

(>180 sec)2.0 phr 3.0 phr

8

Figure 12: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in ABS according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 1 day at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without 2.0 phr 3.0 phr

10 15

10 12

10 9

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Hostastat HS 1 in ABSFor styrenic copolymers such as ABS, Hostastat HS 1 is added in concentrations of 2-3 phr.

Figs. 12 and 13 show the antistaticeffect of Hostastat HS 1 in ABS.

Hostastat HS 1 in PE-LDHostastat HS 1 is also suitable forantistatic modification of polyolefins,particularly polyethylene (PE-LD).Additionally it improves the flow of the polymer melt during processing.Hostastat HS 1 is generally added inamounts of 1-2 phr.

Figure 14: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in PE-LD according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 8 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without 1.0 phr 2.0 phr

10 15

10 12

10 9

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

9

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 15: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in PE-LD.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 8 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

40

20

0without

(>180 sec)2.0 phr 3.0 phr

Hostastat HS 1 in engineering plasticsApart from the polymers describedbefore, Hostastat HS 1 also showsantistatic effects in engineering plastics, such as:

TPUUsual addition rates in TPU range from 1-2 phr, where in most cases 1 phr provides sufficient antistatic properties in TPU.

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Figure 16: Surface resistance of Hostastat HS 1 in TPU according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 5 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

1015

1012

10 9

without 1.0 phr

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 17: Half-life period of Hostastat HS 1 in TPU.Test specimen: 1 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 5 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

12

6

0without

(>180 sec)1.0 phr

In contrast to the applications described above, in which HostastatHS 1 is used in polymers with a highglass transition temperature (PVC, PS, ABS), in antistatic-modified polyethylene articles the antistaticagent is able to migrate continuously to the surface over a long period oftime and provides therefore a long-lasting antistatic effect.

Figs. 14 and 15 show the effect ofHostastat HS 1 in PE-LD.

10

Polyamide (PA 6.6)Although polyamides, because of theirhygroscopic character, normally donot require the application of antistaticagents, the addition of Hostastat HS 1shows positive results (fig. 18).

Addition rates are usually between2 and 3 phr. The influence on theyellowness index and L-value can beregarded as negligible (fig. 19).

without 1 phr 2 phr 3 phr

>180 s

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Figure 18: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the surface resistance and half-life period of PA 6.6.2 mm injection moulded plates, pregranulated, after 2 days storage at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

10 15

10 12

10 9

100

50

0

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

without 1 phr 2 phr 3 phr

Yello

wne

ss in

dex

Figure 19: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the yellowness index and and the L-value of PA 6.6.2 mm injection moulded plates, pregranulated, after 2 days storage at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

16

8

0

60

30

0

L-va

lue

Polybutyleneterephtalate (PBT)PBT with Hostastat HS 1 shows goodantistatic behaviour without impairingthe yellowness index even at concen-trations up to 3 phr (figs. 20 and 21).

without 1.0 phr 2.0 phr 3.0 phr

>180 s >180 s

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Figure 20: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the surface resistance and half-life period of PBT.2 mm injection moulded plates, pregranulated, after 2 days storage at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

10 15

10 12

10 9

100

50

0

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 21: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the yellowness index of PBT.Test specimen: 2 mm injection moulded plates, pregranulated, after 2 days storage at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

without 1.0 phr 3.0 phr2.0 phr

8

4

0

Yello

wne

ss in

dex

11

Polyacetal (POM)In polyacetal polymers (POM)Hostastat HS 1 shows also good antistatic properties in concentrations up to 2 phr.

Hostastat HS 1 as lubricantHostastat HS 1 acts also as externallubricant in polymers.

Due to the extreme low volatility (cfr. fig. 24), even at high processingtemperatures, Hostastat HS 1 is a very good lubricant for high temperature engineering resins likePPS or PPO that are processed at elevated temperatures.

Hal

f-lif

e pe

riod

[s]

Figure 23: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the half-life period of polyacetal co-polymer (POM).Test specimen: 2 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 2 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

12

6

0without

(>180 sec)1.0 phr 2.0 phr

Surf

ace

resi

stan

ce [Ω

]

Figure 22: Influence of Hostastat HS 1 on the surface resistance of polyacetal co-polymer (POM) according to DIN 53482.Test specimen: 2 mm injection moulded sheets, stored 2 days at 23 °C and 50 % rel. humidity.

10 15

10 12

10 9

without 1.0 phr 2.0 phr

Vola

tility

[%]

Temperature [°C] /isotherm at 300 °C

Figure 24: Volatility of Hostastat HS 1. Weight: 50 mg, heating speed: 2 K/min, 0,5 ml/min air.

12

6

060 120 180 240 300 10’ 20’ 30’

12

13

Safety data

A safety data sheet, providing additionalinformation concerning the safe handling of Hostastat HS 1 is availableupon request.

Toxicological properties Hostastat HS 1 shows an acute oraltoxicity of 500-2000 mg/kg (rat).

Ecological propertiesHostastat HS 1 must not be dischargedinto wastewater as it has a fish toxicity of the order of 1-10 mg/l.Biodegradability is 90 %.

Status under the German federalregulations on dangerous substances(Gefahrstoff-Verordnung)According to the German FederalRegulations on Dangerous Substances(GefStoffV) Hostastat HS 1 is classifiedas “harmful” and requires warninglabel “XN, R22, R38, R41”.

For further information please refer to the Safety Data Sheet.

Due to the danger of skin and mucous membrane irritation, protectivegoggles and gloves must be wornwhen working with Hostastat HS 1.

Status under the German chemicals lawHoststat HS 1 is listed in the EINECS inventory.

CAS-numberHostastat HS 1 [68608-15-1]

Status under food legislationHostastat HS 1 has food approval inthe Federal Republic of Germany andthe USA according to the followingregulations.

Federal Republic of Germany,Recommendation of the Plastics Committee of the German FederalHealth Office “Bundesinstitut fürgesundheitlichen Verbraucherschutzund Veterinaermedizin” (BgVV).

14

We will provide further information on food approval for Hostastat HS 1 in other countries on request.

*SML = Specific migration limit

Recommendation Polymer Max. concentration (% w/w)

EU [2001/62/EC (6 th Amendment of 90/128/EEC) under PM Ref n° 34230]for all plastics 6 mg/kg (SML)*

Germany (BgVV)

I Plasticized PVC 3.0

II Rigid PVC 3.0

III PE 1.5

V PS 2.5

VI Styrene copolymers 2.5

VII PP 0.1

XXII PMMA 2.5

XXXIV PVDC 3.0

XXXV Copolymers of ethylene, butylene 3.0

KTW Recommendation Part 1/3/1 3.0

USA (Code of Federal Regulations)

§ 178.3130 PO film 0.1

PS and copolymers 3.0

§ 178.3400 Emulsifiers and/or surface active agents 2.0

UK (BPF/BIBRA-Code of Practice)

Plastics in general 3.0

France (Journal Officiel Repression des Fraudes Lettre Circulaire 25.03.1959)

Plastics in general 3.0

Japan (Code of Japan Hygienic Associations Positive List)

PVC 2.0

PE 3.0

PP 3.0

PS 3.0

ABS 3.0

15

Transport and storage

Packaging

Hostastat HS 1 FF20 kg (net) PE bags

Hostastat HS 1 pills25 kg (net) PE bags

Hostastat HS 1 pills ZN25 kg (net) PE bags 500 kg pallets

StorageHostastat HS 1 should be stored in a dry place at room temperature. Because of its hygroscopic nature,Hostastat HS 1 must be protected from moisture. Partially emptied containers should be carefully sealedimmediately after use.

When obeying the above mentionedinstructions, the closed bundles canbe stored for at least 6 months.

Dispatch, TransportHoststat HS 1 is not a dangerous substance as defined by these regulations: GGVE, RID; GGVS, ADR;ADNR; IMDG-Code; ICAO/IARA-Code.

Clariant HuningueDivision Pigments & Additives BU Plastic IndustriesBoîte Postale 14968331 HuningueFrance

Phone: +33/3/89 89-60 00Telefax: +33/3/89 89-61 95Internet: www.pa.clariant.com

Clariant Gersthofen GmbHDivision Pigments & AdditivesBU Plastic Industries P.O. Box 10 15 62 86005 AugsburgGermany

Phone: +49/8 21/4 79-0Fax: +49/8 21/4 79-25 62Internet: www.pa.clariant.com

Please note

This information is based on our present state of knowledge and is intended to provide general notes on our products and their uses.

It should not therefore be construed as guaranteeing specific properties of the products described or their suitability for a particular application.

Any existing industrial property rights must be observed. The quality of our products is guaranteed under our General Conditions of Sale.

® = Trademark of Clariant registered in numerous countries®* = Trademark registered in numerous countries and licensed to Clariant

Edition: May 2003/DK/CL/Dr. AxL/K 222 GB

REG-NO. DE-674-01