tt lls"*tt"'.\woÍ'r t" ,fr ( *"---- /

*-^!L.Jr¡^nuoL,

o nl 8N

ta ¡aìu¿

+ wu, 1L<t tc-- _-

\Mater Reallocation Strategybetween Governorates

Eng. Mohammad At-NajjarMinister of Water and IrrigatÍon

Eng. Basim TelfahMD of Performance Management Unit

which Jordan extracts its available water resources with the same in theEuropean countries, it is noticed that Jordan is using all of its limited watersources. The table also shows that the per capita consumption of water inthe European countries is ranging from 100-150 liters (despite theabundance of water resources), where in Jordan, the per capitaconsumption (Figure No.1) is 85 liters out of supplied I45 literslcapitalday (despite the limited water resources).

Table No.I, Available renewable water resolffces, conntmption and the rates ofextraction

440550200650

558

300240324

4881,750360

500

270

200

2.233

11.8

1.3

46.3

2.4t.2

12.3

7.8t41.8

5

', 2.7

0.2 i

t07t79r4st9

107

55

6

54

ll2tl3t2

21,4002,9932,4589,500l,2gg6,9751,2001,42r688

2,6252,6001,200

1,300

13,000

150

r50150

r46t27125

150

t2s124116

109

108

103

100

t3

t3

5

60

59

2

83

8

5

38

t68

5

10

10

1

Source: World Development lndicatorsBCM: billion cubic metersMCM: million cubic meters

New Water Resources

In order to face the above mentioned challenges, MWI Plans includedproviding new water resources that include:

o Disi Water ,/l"u i I ^) -1,-'r|,

o Red-Dead watero Hesban Wells I o [ì-- 'l ' ? o'/ J

o Wehdeh Dam, East Ghore Canal, and Wadi Al-Arab Dam.

some cities in Jordan will be much more than their need. Amman totalsupply will become more than Amman need of supply once Disi waterproject is operated.

It is also expected that the cost of a cubic meter delivered to the customer'smeter will increase and become more than one JD due to the increasedpercentage of high cost resources relative to the low cost resources .

This high cost, along with the limited resources, and the increase of supplyover the demand necessitate a new methodology in resource planning.

This strategy is prepared for MWI for the next25 years and it is based on amathematical model for demand and supply calculation and water balanceestablished on a number of hypotheses.

Current Jordan Water and Wastewater SituationFor the year 2008:

o 98%o of Jordan's population is served through networks; MWI aims tomaintain this ratio.

o 630/o of Jordan Population is served with wastewater networks. MWIaims to increase this percentage to 85% during the next ten years.

o The average per capita share of supplied water in Jordan is 145 literslday (ranging betweenTlliterlCapitalday in Jarash to 230Iiterlcapitalday in Ma'an. (Aqaba is excluded due to the existing highconsumers).

Figure No. 3, Supplied, Metered ønd Consumed wøter in Jordøn Governorates

I Delivered wabr l/capiÞ/day

wabr l/capiu/day

¡Consumed wahr l/capih/day

¡ Average NRW in Jordan is 43.8% and varies between 23.6% inAqaba governorate and 61.3% in Karak.

Water Reallo cation Strategy

This strategy aims to reallocate the available domestic water resourcesbetween governorates to economically meet the subscribers' needs. MWIwill work on re-distributing the domestic water share per capita betweenthe governorates in order to achieve the following quantities. See TableNo.3 Below;

TøbleNo,3, MWI target per capita wøter consumptíon

400

350

300

250

200

150

100

50

o

' Reclaimed water will be used for industry and agriculture as possible inorder to save the fresh water for domestic uses.

Share per capita

The currently consumed domestic water per capita (Table No.4 below)shows that the 80% of Jordanian populations consume less than 80liters/capitalday, and about 40% of the Jordan population consumes lessthan 40 liters/capi tal day .

Based on this, MwI has adopted the shares pre-listed in (Table No.3) thattargets all the governorates in Jordan.M'WI will work on adjusting the share/capitalday, when additionalresources are available.

Tøble 4, Consunted water in líter / capita / day in all governorates

Reduction of Non-Revenue Water

MWI will develop an investment program to reduce NRW in order to meetthe target percentages in Table No.5 below.

ll

Amman 38% 32% I2% 8% 1,0% t00%Zarqa 42% 34% 9% 6% 9% r00%Balqa 35% 39% rt% .to/t/o 9% t00%

Madaba 28% 42% rc% 6% r3% t00%Irbid 4r% 38% 9% 5% 6% r00%

Ailoon 42% 39% 8% s% 6% r00%Jerash 39% 3s% t0% 6% r0% r00%Mafrao 29% 26% 25% 6% r4% r00%Karak 49% 38% 4% 3% 6% r00%

Tafeeleh 4t% 3s% 8% 6% r0% I00o/nMatan 3r% 4t% rl% 6% r0% t00%Jordan 39% 37% 9% 6% 9% 100%

By achieving the target NRW percentages, more quantities of water wouldbe available for consumption and would help meet the increasingpopulation demand (Table No.7), and would in increase the financialresources, reduce the cost of water services, and decrease the financialdeficit of MWL

Table No.7, Expected quantities of saved water due to NRW reduction plans

*Middle : Zarqa, Balqa and Madaba**Southern:Karak, Tafeeleh, Ma'an and Aqaba

MWI aims to reduce NRW to reach the "Economic Limit" which is.estimated between 18-20%. see Figure No.4 below;

Governorate

Quantity of saved water due to NRW reduction

20r020lt-2015

2016-2020

2021-2025

2026-2030

203t-203s

2.0 9.5 10.0 8.6 4.5 2.31.5 7.9 6.4 5.3 3.6 2.1

1.5 6.8 5.5 3.9 2.9 2.51.0 4.6 3.4 2.7 1.9 r.6

13

Tøble No.8, Expected populøtion and demund (MCM) for the coming years

2.32 2.32 2.66 2.98137. 137. ts7. 176.5576

0.89 0.89 r.02 1.1542.8 42.8 49 s4.90.4 0.4 , 0.46 0.5119.2 t9.2 22 24.70.15 0.15 0.17 0.197.2 7.2 8.2 9.2t.07' 1.07 t.22' 1.37

s 1.1 51.1 58.6 6s.60.14 r 0.t4 ' 0.16 0.186.6 6.6 ' 7.6 9.50.18, 0.18 0.2t 0.238.6 9.6 ', g.g 1 1.1

0.28 0.2g , 0.32' 0.3613.5 13.5 1s.5 17.3

0.23: 0.23 0.27 0.3rt.2 tt.2' t2.8 t4.4'0.08, 0.09 , 0.1 0.114 4 ,4.6 5.2,

0.11 0.11 ,0.13 0.155.s s.5 6.3 70.13; 0.13 0.ls 0.r76.3 6.3 , 7.2 g

,

3.27 3.s9r94. 213.t2

7.26 , l.3g60.4 66.3

0.57 , 0.6227.1 29.8

0.21 0.23':10.1 11.1

1.5 1.65:72.1 79.2',,

0.19 , 0.21 '

9.3 10.2,0.25' 0.28 i

12.2 13.4'0.4 0.44',t9 20.9

0.33 , 0.36 :

15.8 17 .4 '

0.12' 0.13 ,

s.7 6.20.16 0.18 i

7.7 8.5

0.18 , 0.2 i

8.8 9.7 :

s.98 j 5.98 6.87

313. 313.' 359.554

1.67 1.67 ' 1.91

8.44 9.27 :

442. 4S5. I

3 9 j

2.34 2.s8 ;

7.7

402.5

2.14

,19i1,

0:14;,

'6.8:,t.19;',9,3,

'0.22-10,7

2.83:

15

Accumulated amount Expected amount Year2t0 210 2020370 160 2025560 190 2035

when comparing supply with demand during the coming years, we findthat Karak governorate has excess water of water supply that exceeds itsdemand until the year 2010,by the time the supply to the governorates ofMadaba, zarqa, Balqa, Tafileh and the northern governorates (yarmouk) isnot enough to meet the demand.

In Amman, the supply will exceed the demand when Disi project ofdesigned 100 MCM/ year starts operation.

Aqaba is excluded from reallocation because of the proximity of resources,either through Desalination of sea water or the nearby Disi wells.

The total supply in Jordan will not exceed the total demand for the yearsfrom 2014 until 2019 (without reallocation plan),where the demand willexceeds the supply by 3.2 MCM in20l4 and this will increase from 16.5MCM to 43.15 MCN in20l9 .

Figure No. 6 below shows the consumed demand and supply in Jordanexcluding Aqaba.This deficit is due to the escalading water need and especially in theindustrial sector which is growing bigger by the new great investmentswhich are supposed to commence in 2011 (such as Uranium extraction andthe Oil Shale projects).

Accordingly, the need for using Red-dead water in2020 is becominggreater, and that not only for drinking purposes, but, for industrial andtourism sectors as well as shown in figure (6), where, the water thatexceeds the demand is 94.8 MCM in2020 and then decreases to 5g.2MCM in2024, then increases to 16l.9 MCM in2025.

17

Amman before the reallocation

s50

450

350

250

150

50

20IO 2015 2020 2025 2030

*Available water for consumption after the physical non-revenue w¡th contingency

+ Expected demand with the peak factor

Figure No. 8, Figure No. 9 shows that the northern governorates andzarqa governorate respectively, will suffer water shortage ( beforereallocation).

Figure No. 8, Supply and demønd ín the Northern Governorøtes (Yørmouk Companysewice øreø) beþre the reallocøtíon

T_

2035

t9

proportions to achieve the water quality in conformity with MWIstandards.

o Meet the target per capita water consumption, as contained in Table No.o Economic and financial factors related to differences in water prices.

As for the water to be reallocated mainly include the excess water to theneeds of Amman after the advent of Disi water, Red-Dead water and theoperation of Hesban wells water, also will include the resources that arepresently exported from one governorate to another, there will be a transferof water amounts to each of Zarqa, Yarmouk Tafileh and Balqagovernorates (Appendix 1) :

1. Transfer of 15 to 28 MCM of Disi water to Zarqaby 2014 until the2019 with an amount of 19.3 MCM , after which the amount willreach 27 }l{C}ll in year 2020 and 55 MCM in year 2035 from thewater of Red-Dead..

2. Stop the current export of 5.3 MCM of water from zarqato Amman(to keep it for zarqa) by the year 2014, and until the end of the plan.

3. Transfer of water quantities of Disi water to the northerngovernorates (Yarmouk) through Zarqagovernorate starting with 7MCM by 2014 until 13MCM in20l9, then this quantity willincrease after the Red-Dead water to 18 MCM in2020 and willincrease to 30MCM in2025 and to 61 MCM in2035.

4. Stop a portion of the current export of 2.3 MCM of V/aleh water toAmman so as to be consumed within Madaba governorate by theyear 2014, and until the end of 2019, and a portion of 4.3 MCM to2027, then 3 MCM till the end of 2035.

5. Transfer a quantity of disi water starting from14.5 MCM to 3 MCMin 2018 to Ma'an, then Red-dead water will supply the governoratewith 18.8 MCM in2020 to 42.5 in2035.

2l

Reallocation plan-with Red-Dead

Waler shortage I Enough water

Figure No. 11, Jordan's \ilater budget after reallocation

Kingdom's water budgetafter the reallocation

slOl

f-.

Amman governorate will have sufficient water up to the year 2023 (seeFigure No. 12 below)

AmmanMadaba

ZarqaBalqa

Karak

Ma'anTafeelel

Yarmou

Kingdor

Lnro

1---iìdô¡-co o

Sçzazd

23

750

650

550

450

350

250

Kingdom (without aqaba)

2010 201s 2020 2025 2030 203s

+Availablewater for consumption after the physical non-revenue withcontingency

-f Expected demand w¡th the peak factor

Figure No. 74, Zørqa wøter after the reallocøtion

120

100

80

60

40

20

0

Zaf qa after the reallocation

2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035

*-Availablewater for consumption after the physical non-revenue withcontingency

*Expected demand with the peak factor

Figure No.I5, Northern governorates (Yarmouk Company) water øfter reølloccttion

25

Figure 11 shows that the amount of water supplied will exceed the demandduring the period 2020-2035, where this extra amount will be allocated toreduce the over-extraction of the water basins.

A plan was prepared so as to reduce the over-extraction from the waterbasins by using the excess amount during the off-peak period (during winterseason), and by using other ways to fulfill irrigation water needs (treatedwastewater, reducing agriculture activity), which will be effective in thereduction of the basins over-extraction. After 2020, and by the arrival ofRed-dead water, the amount of water that exceeds the demand will be thenused to reduce the over-extraction to reach the basins safe yield.

Another plan was prepared to close all illegal wells during the years 20ll-2015 which will play an extra part in reducing the over-extraction of thebasins.

Irrigati on Water (Agriculture)

Irrigation sector currently consumes in the highlands about 230MCM/year, where MwI plans include capping this amount in these areasin order to maintain a safe yield limit of extraction from groundwater.

MWI policy regarding the use of the reclaimed water, in addition to Ghorebrackish water wells in the irrigation of the Northern Ghore in order to savethe fresh water for domestic uses, includes the following;

1. Al-Dnabeh Valley Project which will bring together the treatedwastewater usable for irrigation from Shalala W'WTP, FoaraWWTP and Doaqra WWTP to be reused for irrigation in northernJordan Valley, the quantity will be 17 MCM/year by 2014, and willincrease over the years of the plan to reach 35 MCM in2035.

2. The treated wastewater by As-Samra WWTP which goes to KingTalal's Dam for reuse in irrigation.

27

Appendix 1

Reallocation plan (red-dead)

2035 2034 2030 2025 2020 2019 2015 2014 2011 2010

o.E

otroo(9

year

Re -Dead

Accumulative amounts

r90 160 210

560 370 370 370 210 0 0 0 0 0

407.2 2æ.7 267-6 2æ.9 147.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0Available water for supply (after physical

non-revenue,contingency)

235.1 228.9 206.4 182.7 162.7 158.5 143.0 139.4 129.2 126.0

Total demand with peak factor(insidenetwork)

oooco

cl!EEl!

3.7 3.7 37 37 37 37 37 37 3.7 36

Totaldemand with peakfactor(outside network)

222.1 221.8 220.9 218.7 214.5 213.5 209.5 208.5 114.4 113.4

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(inside network)

final water with red-dead

Total demand with peak factor(insidenetwork)

Totaldemand with peakfactor(outside network)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(inside network)

(!ctf!

Total demand with peak factor(insidenetwork)

oltl!Îlt!E

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(inside network)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

outside network)

final water budget with red-dead

from red-dead

Total demand with peak factor(insidenetwork)

Totaldemand with peakfactor(outside network)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(inside network)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(outside network)

final water budeet with red-dead

from red-dead

Total demand w¡th peak factor(inside

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

outside network)

f¡nal water budset with red-dead

from amman

Total demand with peak factor(insidenetwork)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

contingency(inside network)

Available water for consumption after thephysical non-revenue with

conti ngency(outside network)

final water budset with red-dead

from amman

from red-dead

Appendix 2

NRW recovery cost

Parameter CurrentSituation

Target Cost Comments

NRW NRW>30% Reduction by 4%ofprevious year

lnvestment cost for saving onem3lyear for 15 years : 5.5 JOD

Cost of 1 m3 :0.6 JOD allover the 15 yrs

20<:NRW<:30 Reduction by3%ofprevious year

Investment cost for saving onem3lyear for 15 years : 7.3 JOD

Cost of 1 m3:0.8 JOD allover the 15 yrs

NRW<20% Reduction by 1%"

ofprevious yearInvestment cost for saving onem3lyear for l5 years : 10 JOD

Cost of 1 m3 : 1.1 JOD allover the 15 yrs

DISI Water Will beoperating inmid 2013

Will be suppliedin mid 2013

Cost of 1 m3:0.9 JOD at theTerminal res.

Inflation rate 3o/o per yr

Distant Area

11

cô

ta¡